Locking device for high-voltage switchgear

Abstract

The device is used for locking an access for actuating two switching devices of high-voltage switchgear with the aid of a drive shaft transmitting drive force onto the two switching devices. In order to increase the operational safety of the high-voltage switchgear with little outlay, the locking device comprises a closing disk which is fastened on the drive shaft, a rocker bar arrangement containing at least four rocker bars, and a slider. The slider can be moved, on-site, into two positions, the first of which releases an access for the actuation on-site and blocks an access for the actuation from a remote location, and the second of which blocks the access for the on-site actuation and releases the access for the remote actuation.

Claims

1. A device for locking an access for actuating two switching devices of high-voltage switchgear with the aid of a drive shaft transmitting a drive force onto the two switching devices, said drive shaft being rotated, from a first active position of the two switching devices, in a clockwise direction through a base angle and, from a second active position of the two switching devices, being rotated in a counterclockwise direction through the base angle relative to an angle position of a neutral position of at least one of the two switching devices, the locking device comprises a closing disk which is fastened on the drive shaft, a rocker bar arrangement containing at least four rocker bars, and a slider, wherein the slider can be moved, on-site, into two slider positions, the first of which permits access for the on-site actuation and blocks actuation access from a remote location, and the second of which blocks the access for the on-site actuation and permits access from the remote actuation, wherein, in the first position of the slider, a first rocker bar can engage the closing disk, in the first active position, and a second rocker bar can engage said closing disk, in the second active position and, in the neutral position, a third rocker bar and a fourth rocker bar can engage the closing disk, and wherein the slider, in the second slider position, blocks the first rocker bar and the second rocker bar.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the slider includes an arm which, in the second position of the slider, switches a switching element on, the switching element being used for switching a power supply on and off, which is used for remote actuation of the switchgear.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the closing disk has cut-outs, and, during locking, the first rocker bar engages into a first cut-out of the cut-outs in the first active position and, in the second active position, the second rocker bar engages into the first cut-out of the cut-outs, forming a form-locked connection, and, in the neutral position, the third rocker bar and the fourth rocker bar engage into a second cut-out of the cut-outs.

4. The device of claim 1, further comprising the high-voltage switchgear, wherein the switchgear is designed as a generator circuit-breaker system and can be installed in a multi-phase high-voltage network, between a generator and a transformer, and comprising a disconnect-switch pole and a grounding switch on a transformer side of a load-switching generator circuit-breaker pole.

5. The device of claim 1, further comprising the high-voltage switchgear, which switchgear is designed as a generator circuit-breaker system and can be installed in a multi-phase high-voltage network, between a generator and a transformer, and comprising a pole of a start-up switch and a grounding switch on a generator side of a load-switching generator circuit-breaker pole.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the slider and the at least four rocker bars are each rotatably supported in one of five locks inserted through a housing wall on an operating side of the locking device.

7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the slider can be moved from the first slider position into the second slider position by turning a key inserted into an associated lock and, by rotating the key in the counterclockwise direction, said slider can be moved from the second position into the first position, and the slider is blocked in the first or second position after the key has been withdrawn.

8. The device according to claim 6, wherein each of the at least four rocker bars can be moved, by clockwise turning a key inserted into an associated lock, into a closed position, in which a moved rocker bar of the at least four rocker bars engages into the closing disk, forming a form-locked connection, and, by turning said key in the counterclockwise direction, into an open position, in which the moved rocker bar is disengaged from the closing disk, wherein each of the at least four rocker bars is blocked in the closed position after the key is withdrawn.

9. The device according to claim 6, wherein on a side of the housing wall facing away from the operating side, the slider includes a holding arc having two marginal cut-outs, and the first rocker bar and the second rocker bar respectively, each of which is provided with a marginal cut-out, wherein, in the second position of the slider, the holding arc has been inserted into the marginal cut-out of the first circular disk and into the marginal cut-out of the second circular disk, forming a form-locked connection, and wherein, in the first position of the slider, the two marginal cut-outs of the holding arc release a blocking of the first rocker bar and of the second rocker bar.

10. The device according to claim 6, wherein the slider includes an arm which, in the second position of the slider, switches a switching element on, the switching element being used for switching a power supply on and off, which is used for the remote-controlled actuation of the switchgear.

11. The device according to claim 7, wherein each rocker bar of the at least four rocker bars can be moved, by clockwise turning a key inserted into the associated lock, into a closed position, in which an associated rocker bar of the at least four rocker bars engages into the closing disk, forming a form-locked connection, and, by turning said key in a counterclockwise direction, into an open position, in which the associated rocker bar is disengaged from the closing disk, and wherein each rocker bar of the at least four rocker bars is blocked in the closed position after the key is withdrawn.

12. The device according to claim 7, wherein on a side of the housing wall facing away from the operating side, the slider includes a holding arc having two marginal cut-outs, and the first rocker bar and the second rocker bar respectively, each of which is provided with a marginal cut-out, wherein, in the second position of the slider, the holding arc has been inserted into the marginal cut-out of the first circular disk and into the marginal cut-out of the second circular disk, forming a form-locked connection, and wherein, in the first position of the slider, the two marginal cut-outs of the holding arc release a blocking of the first rocker bar and of the second rocker bar.

13. The device according to claim 7, wherein the slider includes an arm which, in the second position of the slider, switches a switching element on, the switching element being used for switching a power supply on and off, which is used for the remote-controlled actuation of the switchgear.

14. The device according to claim 8, wherein on the side of the housing wall facing away from the operating side, the slider includes a holding arc having two marginal cut-outs, and the first rocker bar and the second rocker bar respectively, each of which is provided with a marginal cut-out, wherein, in the second position of the slider, the holding arc has been inserted into the marginal cut-out of the first circular disk and into the marginal cut-out of the second circular disk, forming a form-locked connection, and wherein, in the first position of the slider, the two marginal cut-outs of the holding arc release a blocking of the first rocker bar and of the second rocker bar.

15. The device according to claim 8, wherein the slider includes an arm which, in the second position of the slider, switches a switching element on, the switching element being used for switching a power supply on and off, which is used for the remote-controlled actuation of the switchgear.

16. The device according to claim 8, wherein the third rocker bar and the fourth rocker bar are acted upon by a preload counter to their direction of rotation from the open position into the closed position.

17. The device according to claim 16, wherein the preload is applied by two torsion springs, wherein one end of at least one torsion spring of the two torsion springs is fixed and another end is held on one of the third and fourth rocker bars.

18. The device according to claim 1, wherein the closing disk is situated between two fixed plates which are oriented perpendicular to the drive shaft and through which the shaft extends, and at least four openings are formed in the two plates in such a way that, during locking, in the first active position, a rockable engagement body of the first rocker bar is inserted through a first opening of the at least four openings and, in the second active position, a rockable engagement body of the second rocker bar is inserted through a second opening of the at least four openings, forming a form-locked connection with the closing disk, and, in the neutral position, a rockable engagement body of the third rocker bar is inserted through a third opening and a rockable engagement body of the fourth rocker bar is inserted through a fourth opening of the at least four openings, forming a form-locked connection with the closing disk.

19. The device according to claim 18, wherein each plate has four openings which are mirror-symmetrically disposed on both plates, forming four pairs of openings, wherein, during locking, the engagement body of at least one of the four rocker bars is inserted through at least one of the four pairs, forming the form-locked connection with the closing disk.

20. The device according to claim 18, wherein at least one of the two plates is integrated into a main body which has a U-shaped profile and has two limbs attached to the one of the two plates, and in that a section of at least one of the four rocker bars, which is rotatably supported on an operating side, is inserted through at least one of the two limbs and is rotatably supported on both limbs.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention is described in greater detail in the following with reference to drawings. In the drawings:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a single-phase representation of multi-phase, high-voltage switchgear according to the prior art, which is designed as a multi-phase generator circuit-breaker system and has multiple circuit-breaker poles which are situated in a generator lead between a generator of a power plant and a transformer of a high-voltage transmission network,

(3) FIG. 2 shows a perspective representation of a device for actuating a contact arrangement of a first switching device, and for actuating a contact arrangement of a second switching device of the generator circuit-breaker system according to FIG. 1, in which the first switching device is closed and the second switching device is open,

(4) FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of the locking device according to the invention, which is installed in the actuating device according to FIG. 2 and locks the two switching devices in a neutral position,

(5) FIG. 4 shows a side view, from the right, of the locking device according to FIG. 3, in which a middle part of a plate 56 has been removed,

(6) FIG. 5 shows a view of a section, cut along V-V, through the locking device according to FIG. 4, in which the plate 56 was made whole again,

(7) FIG. 6 shows an enlarged representation of a part VI of the locking device, which is outlined in FIG. 3,

(8) FIG. 7 shows a perspective view, after removal of a slotted wheel, of the locking device according to FIG. 3, which locks the two switching devices in a first active position,

(9) FIG. 8 shows the locking device according to FIG. 7, which now locks the two switching devices in a second active position,

(10) FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the locking device according to FIG. 7, as viewed in the direction of an arrow IX, X, in which the access for the on-site actuation has been activated and the two switching devices have been unlocked, and

(11) FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of the locking device according to FIG. 7, as viewed in the direction of the arrow IX, X, in which the access for the on-site actuation has been blocked and the access for the remote actuation has been activated.

WAYS TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION

(12) The multi-phase generator circuit-breaker system represented as a single phase in FIG. 1 shows only one of several largely similarly designed circuit-breaker system poles P which are oriented parallel with one another and parallel with a horizontally extending axis A. The poles are arranged in a horizontally extending plane and are connected along a generator lead GA, which is oriented along the axis, between a generator G of a power plant and a transformer TR of a high-voltage transmission network. The pole P which is shown is single-phase and enclosed and has an encapsulation K which is generally made from metal, is electrically conductively routed to ground E, and is filled with ambient air. The encapsulation K accommodates a phase conductor L which is routed parallel to the axis A and in which a circuit-breaker pole GP of a multi-phase generator circuit-breaker and a circuit-breaker pole TP of a multi-phase disconnect switch are connected in series. A connection point of the phase conductor L located between a generator-side input point of the pole P and the generator circuit-breaker pole GP is connected to a current connection of a circuit-breaker pole SP of a multi-phase start-up switch, the other current connection of which is connected to a start-up device, typically for a gas turbine, located outside the encapsulation K. The encapsulation accommodates not only further components, such as overvoltage protection devices and current and voltage converters, but also two grounding switches ES1 and ES2, one of which, specifically ES1, electrically conductively connects a generator-side current connection when closed, and the other, specifically ES2, electrically conductively connects a transformer-side current connection of the system pole P when closed, to the encapsulation K and, therefore, also to ground E. A circuit-breaker system provided on the generator side of the load-switching circuit-breaker pole GP includes the circuit-breaker pole SP of the multi-phase start-up switch and the grounding switch ES1, whereas a circuit-breaker system provided on the transformer side includes the circuit-breaker pole TP of the multi-phase disconnect switch and the grounding switch ES2.

(13) Each of the two circuit-breaker systems has a device for actuating a contact arrangement of the circuit-breaker pole SP or TP, respectively, and of the associated grounding switch ES1 or ES2, respectively. One of these two devices is explained in the following with respect to the circuit-breaker system containing the two switches TP and ES2. A similarly designed, second of these two devices is suitable for actuating the contact arrangements of the circuit-breaker pole SP and of the grounding switch ES1 in an analogous manner. The actuating device allows for only one neutral position and two active positions. In the neutral position, both switches are open, whereas, in a first of the two active positions, the grounding switch ES1 or ES2 is closed and the switch SP or TP is open and, in the second active position, the grounding switch ES1 or ES2 is open and the circuit-breaker pole SP or TP is closed. In any case, the actuating device is designed in such a way that a simultaneous closing of the two switches SP and ES1 or TP and ES2 is ruled out.

(14) It is apparent in FIG. 2 that this device comprises a drive shaft 10, which is rotatable about an axis A and on which a bent lever having two lever arms 12 and 13 enclosing a base angle is fastened. The shaft 10 transfers force via a lever mechanism 20 containing the lever arm 12 to a contact arrangement of the circuit-breaker pole TP and via a lever mechanism 30 containing the lever arm 13 to a contact arrangement of the grounding switch ES2.

(15) The shaft 10 is coupled to an intermittent-motion mechanism 40 designed as a Geneva drive. The Geneva drive includes a drive disk 42, which can be rotated by a drive 41 in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction and which has a crank pin 45 and a holding arc 46, and a slotted wheel 43 which is seated on the shaft 10 and has cut-outs 461, 462 and 463 which match the holding arc 46 and are visible in FIG. 3.

(16) FIG. 3 shows that two radially oriented grooves 441, 442 are formed in the slotted wheel 43 and are disposed so as to be offset with respect to one another about the predefined base angle in the circumferential direction of the primary shaft 10. The base angle is typically between 70 and 110. In a position of the slotted wheel 43 shown in FIG. 3, the Geneva drive is situated in the neutral position, in which the two switching devices TP and ES2 are open. The crank pin 45 of the drive disk 42 is then located outside the two grooves 441, 442. The cut-out 461 resting against the holding arc 46 secures the neutral position against an unintentional rotation of the shaft 10. When the drive disk 42 rotates in the clockwise direction, the crank pin 45 engages into the groove 441, and so the slotted wheel 43 and, therefore, the drive shaft 10 rotate through the base angle in the counterclockwise direction. In this way, the first active position is reached, in which a first of the two switching devices is closed, whereas the second switching device is open. In the first active position, the cut-out 462 rests against the holding arc 46 and thereby secures this position against a rotation of the primary shaft. This applies, correspondingly, when the drive disk 42 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction. The crank pin 45 engages into the groove 442, and so the slotted wheel 43 and, therefore, the drive shaft 10 rotate through the base angle in the clockwise direction. In this way, the second active position is reached, in which the second switching device is closed, whereas the first switching device is open. In the second active position, the cut-out 463 rests against the holding arc 46 and thereby secures this position against a rotation of the drive shaft 10.

(17) The above-described actuating device is actuated, in general, from a remotely located control room and therefore has an electrical connection to the control room, which is suitable for transmitting power current and electrical signals. This connection is used above all for transmitting power current for operating electric motors for opening and closing the contact arrangements of the two switching devices and for transmitting status, measuring, and control signals. The force required for a remote operation of this type is transferred from the drive 41, via a worm gear, to the drive disk 42 of the Geneva drive 40, as is apparent in FIG. 2.

(18) The force can also be transmitted to the actuating device on-site, if necessary, using a crank handle 47. Depending on the direction of rotation of the crank handle, the two switching devices are brought into either the neutral position or into one of the two active positions, on-site.

(19) In order to avoid damage events in the switchgear during manual operation on-site, a locking device which is apparent in FIGS. 3 to 10 is integrated into the actuating device. As represented in FIGS. 3, 4 and 7 to 10, the locking device contains a rocker bar arrangement 50 and four rocker bars 51, 52, 53, 54, each of which has a rotatably supported section 500 and an engagement body 501 fastened on this section, a closing disk 60, which cooperates with the rocker bar arrangement and is fastened on the drive shaft 10, an operating side 70 situated on a housing wall, and a slider 80, which is apparent only in FIGS. 4, 9 and 10.

(20) As represented in FIG. 4, the slider 80 is rotatably supported inside the locking device, in a lock 75 which is inserted through the housing wall from the operating side 70, and can assume two positions, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. These two positions can be reached on-site by inserting a key 700, which is apparent in FIG. 4, into a lock 75 which is inserted through the operating side 70, and turning the key.

(21) In FIG. 9, the slider 80 is located in a first of the two positions. In this position, the access for the on-site actuation is released and the access for the remote actuation is blocked. When the slider 80 is in this position, trained, authorized personnel can therefore manually set the first active position, the second active position, or the neutral position of the two switching devices with the aid of the crank handle 47 shown in FIG. 2, and can lock each of the three positions using the rocker bar device 50 and the closing disk 60. In this case, the rocker bar 51 engages into the closing disk 60 in the first active position and the rocker bar 52 engages into said closing disk in the second active position and, in the neutral position, the rocker bars 53 and 54 engage into the closing disk 60. If the withdrawn key 75 is in the possession of a person in the potential danger zone, it is therefore ensured that the on-site control cannot be reset to remote control by a third party.

(22) In FIG. 10, the slider 80 is situated in a second position, in which the access for the on-site actuation is blocked and the actuation for the remote actuation is released, wherein the on-site key 75 for the slider remains inserted in this position and cannot be withdrawn. In this case, the slider 80 blocks the two rocker bars 51 and 52 by engaging into a circular disk 511 and 521, respectively, each of which is provided with a marginal cut-out, of the rocker bar 51 and 52, respectively, forming a form-locked connection with a holding arc 81, whereby an undesirable manual actuation of the two switching devices during remote control is avoided.

(23) In the first position, which is apparent in FIG. 9, two marginal cut-outs 82, 83 in the holding arc 81 release the form-locked connection and, therefore, the blocking of the two rocker bars 51, 52. After the key is withdrawn from the lock 75, the slider 10 is blocked in the first or the second position.

(24) The slider 80 further includes an arm 84 which, in its second position which is apparent in FIG. 10, switches a switching element 85 on, said switching element being used to switch a power supply on and off, which can be inserted through an opening 76 (FIG. 9) and is used for the remote-controlled actuation of the switchgear.

(25) As is clear from FIG. 3, the four rocker bars 51, 52, 53 and 54 are each rotatably supported in one of four locks 71, 72, 73, 74 inserted through the housing wall on the operating side 70. Each of the four rocker bars can be moved, by turning a key 700 inserted into the associated lock, e.g., 71, into a closed position, in which the rocker bar, which is 51 in this case, engages via its engagement body 501 into the closing disk 60, forming a form-locked connection, and, by turning said key in the opposite direction, into an open position, in which the rocker bar, which is 51 in this case, is disengaged from the closing disk 60. After the key 700 is withdrawn from the lock, which is the lock 71 in this case, the associated rocker bar, which is rocker bar 51 in this case, is blocked in the closed or open position.

(26) The closing disk 60, which is apparent in FIG. 4 in particular, has two cut-outs 61 and 62. During the locking of the access for the manual actuation of the switching devices, the rocker bar 51 engages into the cut-out 61 in the first active position and, in the second active position, the rocker bar 52 engages into said cut-out, forming a form-locked connection with the closing disk 60. During the locking of the access for the manual actuation of the switching devices in the neutral position, however, the two rocker bars 53 or 54 can engage into the cut-out 62, forming a form-locked connection with the closing disk 60 and, specifically, independently of the operating position of the key 73 and 74.

(27) As shown in FIG. 3, the closing disk 60 is situated between two fixed plates 55, 56 which are oriented perpendicular to the shaft 10 and through which the shaft extends. Four openings 551 are formed in the plate 55, and four openings 561, which are apparent in FIGS. 7 and 8, are formed in the plate 56. The openings 551 and 561 are disposed opposite one another in mirror symmetry and thereby form four pairs of openings, through which the engagement body 501 of one of the rocker bars can be inserted.

(28) As is apparent, each of the two plates 55 and 56 is integrated into a main body, which has a U-shaped profile and comprises two limbs 552 and 562 attached to the plate 55 and 56, respectively. The section 500 of the two rocker bars 51 and 52 or 53 and 54, which is rotatably supported on the operating side 70, is inserted through at least one of the two limbs 552 and 562, respectively, and is rotatably supported on both limbs.

(29) The two rocker bars 53 and 54 are acted upon, counter to their direction of rotation from the open position into the closed position, by a preload which is applied by two torsion springs 531 and 541. FIG. 6 shows that, in order to achieve the preload, one end of the torsion spring 541 is held fixed on the limb 552 and the other end is held fixed on the rocker bar 54. The preload therefore prevents an uncontrolled engagement, caused by vibrations, for example, of the two rocker bars 53 and 54 into the cut-out 62 of the closing disk 60. Therefore, the rocker bars 53 and 54 remain in a form-locked engagement with the closing disk only if the keys 700 have been withdrawn from the associated locks 73 and 74.

(30) The mode of operation of this locking device is as follows:

(31) In the operating state represented in FIG. 3, in the neutral position of the two switching devices, for example TP and ES2, the locking device blocks the access for actuating the two switching devices. The slider is situated in the first position, which is apparent in FIG. 9, in which the slider 80 has blocked the access for the remote actuation by opening the switching element 85, i.e., by interrupting the current connection to the control room, and the two rocker bars 53 and 54 block the access for manually actuating the two switching devices TP and ES2 by engaging into the cut-out 62.

(32) As is clear from FIG. 5, the two engagement bodies of the rocker bars 53 and 54 then form a form-locked connection not only with the closing disk 60, but also with the plates 55 and 56, since they have each penetrated one pair of openings, each of which contains one of the four openings 551 and one of the four opposite openings 562. Forces transferred from the shaft 10 via the closing disk 10 onto the rocker bars may be substantially reduced by this form-locked connection.

(33) If the intention is to move the switchgear out of the neutral position represented in FIG. 3 and into the first active position which is apparent in FIG. 7, first the two rocker bars 53 and 54 are pivoted by turning the keys in the two locks 73 and 74, thereby releasing the form-locked connection with the closing disk 60. With the aid of the crank handle 47 shown in FIG. 2, the shaft 10 is now rotated through the base angle, which is 90 in this case, whereupon the first active position is reached. When the rocker bar 51 is pivoted in the lock 71 with the aid of the key, a form-locked engagement of the rocker bar 51 into the cut-out 61 shown in FIG. 4 is achieved and, therefore, after the first active position has been reached, the access for the actuation of the two switching devices is locked.

(34) If the intention is to manually move the switchgear out of the first active position and into the second active position, which is shown in FIG. 8, first the rocker bar 51 is pivoted by turning the key in the lock 71, whereupon the form-locked connection with the closing disk 60 is released. With the aid of the crank handle 47 shown in FIG. 2, the shaft 10 is now rotated in the opposite direction through twice the base angle, which is 180 in this case, whereupon the second active position is reached. When the rocker bar 52 is pivoted in the lock 72, a form-locked engagement of the rocker bar 52 into the cut-out 61 shown in FIG. 4 is achieved and, therefore, in the second active position, the access for the actuation of the two switching devices is blocked.

(35) If the intention is to actuate the switchgear again, from the control room, starting from the neutral position of the two switching devices shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the form-locked connection with the closing disk 60 is released by swiveling the two rocker bars 53 and 54 using the keys. Since none of the four rocker bars 51 to 54 now has a form-locked connection to the closing disk, the position shown in FIG. 10 can be reached by turning the slider 80 using the keys.

(36) The locking device according to the invention is not limited to an enclosed generator circuit-breaker system which can be installed between a generator of a power plant and a transformer of a high-voltage network. This locking device can also be used in another circuit-breaker system, for example, a gas-insulated, metal-enclosed, high-voltage switchgear.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(37) A axis E ground ES1, ES2 ground switch G generator GA generator lead GP circuit-breaker pole K encapsulation L phase conductor P circuit-breaker system pole SP circuit-breaker pole of a start-up switch TP circuit-breaker pole of a disconnect switch TR transformer base angle 10 drive shaft 11 bent lever 12, 13 lever arms 20, 30 lever mechanism 40 intermittent-motion mechanism 41 drive 42 drive disk 43 slotted wheel 441, 442 grooves 45 crank pin 46 holding arc 461, 462, 463 cut-outs 50 rocker bar arrangement 51, 52, 53, 54 rocker bars 55, 56 plates 500 rotatable sections of the rocker bars 501 engagement body of the rocker bars 511, 521 circular disks of the rocker bars 531, 541 torsion springs 551, 561 openings 552, 562 limbs 60 closing disk 61, 62 cut-outs of the closing disk 70 operating side 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 locks 76 opening 700 key 80 slider 81 holding arc of the slider 82, 83 marginal cut-outs of the holding arc 84 arm 85 switching element