Receiving Structure, Textile-Reinforced Component and Method for Producing the Component

Abstract

The invention relates to a receiving structure (1) which is intended for casting into a matrix material and has at least one receiving element (4), which projects out of the receiving structure (1) in such a way that it can project into the matrix material. According to the invention, the receiving element (4) has in its interior a receiving space (6) which has an opening (10) facing the surface (94) of the component (90), through which opening (10) a functional module (60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88) can be guided for insertion into the receiving space (6), wherein the receiving space (6) is universally designed for receiving and connecting each of the functional modules (60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 89), wherein at least one position-securing element (40) is provided for securing the position of reinforcement (96) and substantially predetermines the outer shape of the component (90).

The invention further relates to a component (90) comprising a textile reinforcement (96), a matrix material, and conduits (16) for the passage of electricity and/or fluids. According to the invention, a receiving structure (1) comprising receiving elements (4) is embedded in the matrix material and is connected to the textile reinforcement (96) and/or the conduits (16) via position-securing elements (40), wherein the textile reinforcement (96) is aligned in a load-dependent manner with respect to the receiving elements (4), and the receiving elements (4) of the receiving structure (1) are designed in such a way that an influence on the load-bearing behavior of the produced component (90) is minimized.

The invention also relates to a method of producing a device with the receiving structure (1).

Claims

1. A receiving structure (1) which is provided for casting into a matrix material, in particular concrete (92), of a component (90) and has at least one receiving element (4) which projects out of the receiving structure (1) in such a way that it projects at least partially into the matrix material, characterized in that the at least one receiving element (4) has a receiving space (6) which has, an opening (10) facing the upper surface (94) of the component (90), which is accessible from outside and through which at least one functional module (60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 89) can be guided for insertion into the receiving space (6), wherein the receiving space (6) is universally designed for receiving and connecting each of the functional modules (60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 89), wherein at least one position-securing element (40) is provided for securing the position of a reinforcement (96) relative to the receiving structure (1), and wherein the receiving structure (1) substantially predetermines the outer shape of at least one surface of the component (90).

2. The receiving structure according to claim 1, wherein the receiving structure (1) comprises receiving elements (4) hinged connected to each other by at least one web (100), such that the receiving structure (1) can be curved several times and the receiving elements (4) assume a substantially tangential position with respect to the curved surface but do not undergo any deformation themselves.

3. The receiving structure according to claim 1, wherein the component (90) comprises a textile reinforcement (96) the yarns of which form a rectangular grid and wherein the distance (A) of the centers of the receiving elements (4) is a multiple of the mesh size (M) of the grid.

4. The receiving structure according to claim 1, wherein a releasable mechanical connection (12) is provided between the receiving structure (1) and the at least one functional module (60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 89) as well as a contacting of the at least one functional module (70, 80, 90) with at least one conduit (16).

5. The receiving structure of claim 4, wherein the at least one conduit (16) is formed as a universal conduit, an empty conduit for receiving other conduits (16), and/or a reinforcement (96).

6. The receiving structure according to claim 3, wherein at least one mounting part (30) and/or at least one position-securing element (40) is provided, wherein the at least one mounting part (30) connected to the receiving structure (1) embedded in the matrix material enables mounting of the component (1) to a superordinate structure and transport, wherein the at least one position-securing element (40) connected to the receiving structure (1) enables positional certainty and guiding of the textile reinforcement (96) and/or the at least one conduit (16).

7. The receiving structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one functional module (65) is designed as a storage for electrical energy or thermal energy; or wherein the at least one functional module (70) is designed for electrical energy generation or wherein the at least one functional module (75) is designed for thermal energy generation; or wherein the at least one functional module (80) comprises at least one sensor for detecting temperature, humidity or other physical variables and/or the at least one functional module (82) comprises a control device which is designed to process the data detected by the at least one sensor, and/or the information received or to be transmitted by the at least one sensor, and/or to process the data received or to be transmitted by the at least one sensor, and/or to process the information received or to be transmitted by the at least one sensor; or wherein the at least one function module (84) comprises a control device which is designed to process the data detected by the at least one sensor, and/or the received information or the information to be transmitted, and/or to control or regulate the function of further functional modules (60, 65, 70, 75, 82, 86); or wherein the at least one functional module (86) comprises means for signaling.

8. The receiving structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one functional module (88) is configured as a connector module comprising an external output for carrying fluids, information, or power to the outside via the external output

9. The receiving structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one functional module is configured as a contact module (88) and is configured for easy contacting of an auxiliary device (98) to be connected to the component (90) after being molded into the matrix material.

10. A component (90), comprising a textile reinforcement (96), a matrix material, in particular a mineral matrix material, and conduits (16), in particular for the passage of electricity or a fluid, characterized in that a receiving structure (1) having receiving elements (4) is embedded in the matrix material according to claim 1 and is connected to the textile reinforcement (96) and/or the conduits (16) via position-securing elements (40), wherein the textile reinforcement (96) is aligned in a load-dependent manner with respect to the receiving elements (4) and the receiving elements (4) of the receiving structure (1) are designed in such a way that an effect on the load-bearing behavior of the produced component (90) is minimized and the receiving elements (4) are preferably introduced in areas of subordinate structural-mechanical relevance.

11. The component according to claim 10, which is panel-shaped and is intended for use as a ventilated exterior wall cladding, as an exterior shell of a hang-in facade, or as a parking garage ceiling.

12. The component according to claim 10, wherein electronic components or intelligent materials are provided, which are designed to react autonomously to changing environmental conditions, and/or wherein functional modules of thermal or electrical energy generation, thermal or electrical energy storage, and energy management are provided, which are integrated into the component (90) or connected to the component (90)

13. A method of producing a component (90) according to claim 10, wherein a prefabricated receiving structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is provided for securing the position of a textile reinforcement (96), of at least one functional module (60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 89) and/or at least one conduit (16) and is embedded in a load-bearing matrix, in particular concrete (92).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0106] Based on the description of embodiments and their illustration in the accompanying drawings, the invention is explained in more detail below. Showing:

[0107] FIG. 1: A schematic representation of an embodiment of a component according to the invention before casting with concrete in perspective view from above;

[0108] FIG. 2: A schematic representation of an embodiment of a component according to the invention before casting with concrete in perspective view from below;

[0109] FIG. 3: A schematic representation of a further embodiment of a component according to the invention with embedded conduits before casting with concrete in perspective view from above;

[0110] FIG. 4: A schematic representation of a further embodiment of a component according to the invention with embedded conduits before casting with concrete in perspective view from below;

[0111] FIG. 5: A schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a component cast with concrete according to the invention;

[0112] FIG. 6: A schematic perspective exploded view of a further embodiment of a device according to the invention with a photovoltaic module attached;

[0113] FIG. 7: A schematic perspective view of embodiments of various connecting elements connected to the receiving structure;

[0114] FIGS. 8 and 9: An embodiment of a flexible receiving structure;

[0115] FIG. 10: A schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a flexible take-up structure with elements for free yarn storage;

[0116] FIG. 11: A schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a receiving structure with cable duct and

[0117] FIG. 12: A schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a receiving structure with functional module and receiving element.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0118] FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of component 90 according to the invention before casting with concrete 92 in perspective view from above; FIG. 2 shows this from below. For concrete 92, the region is indicated in which the matrix is formed after concreting. In the interest of better visibility of the elements inserted into component 90, concrete 92 is not shown. This applies equally to FIGS. 3 and 4.

[0119] The receiving elements 4 project downward (FIG. 1) or upward (FIG. 2) from the receiving structure 1, in each case away from the upper side 94. The reinforcement 96 is arranged both below the upper side 94 of the receiving structure 1 and below the receiving elements 4. The reinforcement 96 is secured in its position in each case by position-securing elements 40. The mesh size of the reinforcement 96 is matched to the spacing A of the receiving elements 4. This means that all areas in which the concrete 92 is formed to its full height and is not displaced by the receiving elements 4 can be reinforced. In addition, this allows optimum positional certainty of the reinforcement 96.

[0120] The receiving elements 4 each have an opening 10 in the area of the upper side 94, through which the associated functional module 60 can be inserted into the respective receiving space 6. For this purpose, the opening 10 remains accessible from the upper side 94, even in the finished concrete component 90. The functional module 60 is secured in its position in the receiving space 6 by a module lock 12. The functional module 60 is used for electrical energy storage, wherein the electrical energy is supplied via a conduit 16, which also serves as reinforcement 96. The electrical connection between the conduit 16, the receiving element 4, and the function module 60 is provided by a contact 14.

[0121] A mounting part 30, here designed as a threaded sleeve, is also connected to the receiving structure 1. This is firmly anchored in the concrete 92 after concreting and therefore offers the possibility of connecting the component 90 to a superordinate structure, for example, when using the component 90 as a facade, ceiling, or wall element, with the respective supporting structure, for example, a steel or concrete framework.

[0122] FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of component 90 according to the invention with embedded conduits 16 before casting with concrete 92 in perspective view from above, FIG. 4 from below. In contrast to the embodiment example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, here functional modules 65, 75, which serve to store and generate thermal energy, are inserted into the receiving structure 1, which is otherwise incorporated in the same manner in component 90. One possible use is, for example, as a hang-in facade, whereby in the case of solar radiation, the thermal energy thereby fed is first absorbed by the functional module 75, which is either combined with the functional module 65 or transmits the absorbed thermal energy to an adjacent functional module 65.

[0123] If thermal energy obtained in this way is required for use, for example, for heating water or seasonal energy storage, it is delivered by the function module 65 to the conduit 16 via contact 14. In this case, conduit 16 is designed to pass a fluid that serves as a heat transfer medium. The heated thermal fluid is discharged from component 90 via a collector tube 18. The thermal collectors can continuously release heat to their surroundings and thus also to the capillary tubes. The thermal energy absorbed by the fluid or thermal elements keeps the building cool when heat is applied. Furthermore, an optional photovoltaic module is cooled, whereby its efficiency is increased. The thermal collectors give off heat continuously, as long as the outside temperature has fallen below that of the thermal collectors, whereby the component and the building cool down more slowly.

[0124] Furthermore, a component 90 or a higher-level receiving structure can be connected to a capillary tube system via functional modules 65, 75. A liquid flows through this capillary tube system. As a heat transfer medium, this transports heat into or out of component 90. Thus, thermal energy can be selectively conducted out of or into component 90. The collector tube 18 of the capillary system terminates in a functional module 84, which controls the flow. The functional module 84 includes a flow controller and/or a pump.

[0125] FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of component 90, according to the invention, comprising the functional modules 70, here already cast with concrete 92. On the upper side 94, the openings 10 in the receiving structure 1, which are closed here, can be seen, wherein the closure is effected either by the functional modules 70 or by an additional encapsulation. Also visible is a screw belonging to the mounting part 30, with the aid of which the connection of component 90 can be made using transport anchors or connection systems (for example, hang-in systems) for connecting component 90 to the superordinate structure.

[0126] FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective exploded view of a further embodiment of component 90 according to the invention with attached photovoltaic module 98. Here, electrical energy generation does not occur in a functional component itself, but a photovoltaic module 98 is placed in front of component 90. The photovoltaic module 98 is connected to a functional module 98, designed as a contact module, via a fixing connection 120 (for example, designed as a threaded sleeve or a flat armature) and an electrical contact 14, designed as a feedthrough 101 for contacting external elements. As a result, the electrical energy generated in the photovoltaic module 98 can be delivered within component 90 while dispensing with additional, superficial wiring, which is, therefore, more susceptible to interference. At the same time, it is easier to replace the photovoltaic module in the event of a defect. Furthermore, a functional module 84 with a control device is provided, which monitors the electrical energy generation of the photovoltaic module 98, which may also comprise an inverter and issue a corresponding alarm message in the event of a power drop or defect.

[0127] The module lock 12 and the feedthrough 101 are connected to the receiving structure 1 before concreting, allowing the photovoltaic module 98 to be placed with a precise fit. If a capillary system and/or at least one functional module 65 to store thermal energy are provided, the photovoltaic module 98 is cooled. This increases the efficiency of electrical energy generation.

[0128] FIG. 7 shows schematic perspective views of embodiments of connecting elements connected to the receiving structure, for example, by clicking, gluing, or screwing. The feedthrough 101 creates an opening between the outside of component 90 and a functional body. Here, for example, cables for connection from the photovoltaic module 98 can be passed through. The mounting part 102 complements conduits 16 with the receiving element 4. This guarantees, for example, the positional certainty of a capillary tube system. A mounting part for yarn placement 103 enables yarn placement and securing relatively to the receiving structure 1 independently of a grid, mainly corresponding to a load profile. Unlike in FIG. 2, it is, therefore, unnecessary to use a prefabricated, orthogonal gridded reinforcement textile. Instead, the yarn of the reinforcement is guided around the mounting part 103. In this case, the mounting parts 103 can be screwed, glued, or welded to the receiving element 4 and positioned freely on the receiving element beforehand. In this regard, see also FIG. 10.

[0129] Further connecting elements are shown, such as the mounting part 30 (cf. FIG. 1) and the fixing connection 120 (cf. FIG. 6) and, in addition, a feedthrough 101 for contacting external elements (e.g., a photovoltaic module 98, cf. FIG. 6) with one of the functional modules, a mounting part 102 for capillary tubes and tubular feedthrough 104 for passing through cables.

[0130] FIG. 8 shows a perspective view, and FIG. 9 is a top view of an embodiment of a flexible receiving structure 1. The receiving elements 4 are connected utilizing webs 100. The webs 100 comprise a pivot connection 105, via which they are hinged connected to the receiving element 4. This pivot connection 105 is a thin connecting surface relative to the web width of receiving elements 4, for example, implemented as a film hinge. Further, the web 100 may deform at the thin portions, which are formed as a more deformable web section 106. At the thick points, the bending-resistant web section 107 remains largely undeformed.

[0131] This type of connection allows the receiving structure 1 to be deformed, even into a double-curved surface. At the same time, the receiving elements 4 remain undeformed and align themselves normally or tangentially to the upper side 94. The receiving elements can thus continue to receive functional modules and be provided with connecting elements 30, 101, 102, 103, 104.

[0132] FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a receiving structure with webs 100 between the receiving elements 4 and 103 for free yarn placement. This enables the production of multi-curved components 90 with simultaneous free reinforcement layout.

[0133] FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of a mounting structure 1 with an integrated cable duct 109, which can be inserted into the mounting structure 1, for example, during the deep drawing process. Cable duct 109 allows cables or conduits to be routed above the receiving structure 1. The cables and conduits 16 integrated in this way connect the functional modules to one another. This represents an alternative to connection via a textile layer or conduits 16 embedded in the matrix material. The cables and conduits laid in the cable duct 109 are therefore still accessible after concreting, making it possible to extend, replace or renew the cables and conduits 16 even after completion.

[0134] FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a receiving structure 1. With this embodiment of the receiving elements 4, the functional modules, here exemplarily the functional module 60, can be contacted with the textile or other functional modules, which are located on the underside of the receiving structure 1. Furthermore, the functional modules, here the functional module 60, are thereby mechanically connected to the receiving structure 1.

[0135] The functional modules, in this case, the functional module 60, are designed in such a way that they can be screwed into the receiving element 4 and locked using an interlock 108. This creates a mechanical connection that can also include reinforcement 96. Furthermore, according to an advantageous further development, the interlock 108 enables electrical contacting to the conduits 16 located on the underside of the receiving structure 1, provided, for example, for textile heating, for a functional module with sensor 80 or a function module 89 for receiving a photovoltaic module 98 (cf. FIG. 6).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0136] 1 Receiving structure

[0137] 4 Receiving element

[0138] 6 Receiving space

[0139] 8 Surface

[0140] 10 Opening

[0141] 12 Module lock

[0142] 14 Contact

[0143] 16 Conduit

[0144] 18 Collector tube

[0145] 30 Connecting element, mounting part

[0146] 40 Position-securing element

[0147] 60 Functional module for storing electrical energy

[0148] 65 Functional module for thermal energy storage

[0149] 70 Functional module for electrical energy generation

[0150] 75 Functional module for thermal energy generation

[0151] 80 Functional module with sensor

[0152] 82 Functional module for bidirectional transmission

[0153] 84 Functional module with a control device

[0154] 86 Functional module with facilities for signaling

[0155] 88 Functional module as connection module

[0156] 89 Functional module as contact module

[0157] 90 Component

[0158] 92 Concrete

[0159] 94 Upper side

[0160] 96 Reinforcement

[0161] 98 Auxiliary device, photovoltaic module

[0162] 100 Web

[0163] 101 Connecting element, feedthrough for contacting external elements

[0164] 102 Connecting element, mounting part for capillary tubes

[0165] 103 Connecting element, mounting part for free yarn deposit

[0166] 104 Connecting element, feedthrough

[0167] 105 Pivot connection

[0168] 106 deformable web section

[0169] 107 Bending-resistant web section

[0170] 108 Interlock

[0171] 109 Cable duct

[0172] 120 Fixing connection

[0173] A Distance

[0174] M Mesh size