Abstract
A pistol is disclosed, including a body made from synthetic material having a channel formed inside the body. A slide is guided in a longitudinal direction of the body, the slide including a barrel and a breech. A single-block chassis having an elongated shape extends from a central portion of the body to a rear end of the body. The chassis further includes guiding elements for guiding the slide. The pistol is configured such that the channel is designed to receive the chassis removably, and the chassis is fastened to the body using a formfitting, sliding connection.
Claims
1. A pistol comprising: a body (2) made from synthetic material having a channel (6) formed inside the body (2), said body (2) including a grip positioned below said channel (6); a barrel slide guided in a longitudinal direction of the body (2), said slide comprising a barrel (22) and a breech, the barrel (22) comprising a first unlocking means (24), including at least one ramp (24); a trigger mechanism; a one-piece chassis (4) having an elongated shape extending longitudinally from a central portion of said body (2) to a rear end of the body (2), ensuring maintenance and/or guiding of moving elements of the trigger mechanism, said chassis (4) further comprising guiding elements for guiding the slide and a second unlocking means (20) comprising an unlocking pin (20), the first (24) and second (20) unlocking means being configured such that the first unlocking means (24) bears, during use, on the second unlocking means (20) to unlock the barrel (22); the pistol being such that the channel (6) is designed to removably receive the chassis (4); characterized in that the chassis (4) is fastened to the body (2) using a formfitting connection, sliding along a predefined translation direction and an angle between said direction and a tangent to a point of impact on the at least one ramp (24) that impacts the unlocking pin (20) of the second unlocking means (20) at said point during movement toward the rear of the at least one ramp (24), is inclusively between −5° and +5°.
2. The pistol according to claim 1, characterized in that the predefined translation direction is inclined relative to the longitudinal direction such that the formfitting connection causes a rearward and downward movement of the chassis (4) of the pistol.
3. The pistol according to claim 1, characterized in that the predefined translation direction forms an angle inclusively between 30° and 60° relative to the longitudinal direction.
4. The pistol according to claim 1, characterized in that the formfitting connection is of a tongue-and-groove type.
5. The pistol according to claim 1, characterized in that the chassis (4) comprises two parallel branches (16A, 16B) delimiting inter alia a loading zone, each branch (16A, 16B) comprising a partition (16A, 16B) extending in a plane parallel to a median plane of the pistol.
6. The pistol according to claim 1, characterized in that the formfitting connection comprises at least one pair of planar bearing surfaces (12A, 12B) formed on the chassis (4), each planar bearing surface (12A, 12B) bearing on an opposite bearing surface (14A, 14B) formed on the body (2).
7. The pistol according claim 6, characterized in that the first unlocking means (24), the second unlocking means (20), and the at least one pair of planar bearing surfaces (12A, 12B) and/or the at least one pair of opposite planar bearing surfaces (14A, 14B) are configured such that a line of action of the unlocking force passes through the center of inertia of the at least one pair of bearing surfaces (12A, 12B) and/or the at least one pair of opposite bearing surfaces (14A, 14B) and/or the first unlocking means (24), the second unlocking means (20), and the at least one pair of planar bearing surfaces (12A, 12B) and/or the at least one pair of opposite planar bearing surfaces (14A, 14B) are configured such that a distance between the center of inertia of the second unlocking means (20), in particular the unlocking pin (20) and the center of inertia of the at least one pair of bearing surfaces (12A, 12B) and/or the at least one pair of opposite bearing surfaces (14A, 14B) is less than 25% of a length of the chassis (4).
8. The pistol according to claim 6, characterized in that each planar bearing surface (12A, 12B) is defined by a flank of a corresponding groove (32A, 32B) positioned on the chassis (4).
9. The pistol according claim 8, characterized in that each groove (32A, 32B) extends along the predefined translation direction, the flank of said groove (32A, 32B) being oriented toward the rear of the pistol.
10. The pistol according to claim 5, characterized in that the channel (6) has a bottom (8) and each of the partitions (16A, 16B) bears against said bottom (8).
11. The pistol according to claim 5, characterized in that each groove (32A, 32B) is formed on an outer side surface of the corresponding partition (16A, 16B).
12. The pistol according to claim 6, characterized in that each opposite bearing surface (14A, 14B) is defined by a flank of a tongue (34A, 34B) positioned on the body (2).
13. The pistol according to claim 12, characterized in that each tongue (34A, 34B) is adapted to cooperate with the corresponding grooves (32A, 32B), preferably a functional clearance between said tongue (34A, 34B) and said groove in a direction perpendicular to the at least one pair of bearing surfaces (12A, 12B) and/or the at least one pair of opposite bearing surfaces (14A, 14B) being inclusively between 0 and 100 microns.
14. The pistol according to claim 13, characterized in that each tongue (34A, 34B) extends from a bottom (8) of the channel (6) to the corresponding upper edge of the channel (6) and/or each tongue (34A, 34B) is formed on a flank (10A, 10B) of the corresponding channel (6).
15. The pistol according to claim 5, characterized in that the loading zone is adapted for a double column of projectiles, said column extending up to a height of the partitions (16A, 16B).
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0044] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood using the disclosure and the drawings.
[0045] FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view in a median plane of a chassis mounted on a body of a pistol according to the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic sectional view in a cross-section parallel to the median plane of the chassis mounted on the body of the pistol according to the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of the chassis mounted on the body of the pistol according to the present disclosure.
[0048] FIG. 4a shows the rear part of a barrel and the chassis according to the present disclosure at an instant before the contact between a locking pin secured to the chassis and the at least one unlocking ramp arranged on the barrel.
[0049] FIG. 4b illustrates the rear part of the barrel and the chassis according to the present disclosure at the moment where the unlocking pin is impacted by the at least one unlocking ramp of the barrel.
[0050] FIG. 4c shows the rear part of the barrel and the chassis according to the present disclosure at the instant where the unlocking pin is in abutment against the slot of the at least one unlocking ramp of the barrel.
[0051] FIG. 5 illustrates a front cross-section of the chassis mounted on the body of the pistol according to the present disclosure.
[0052] FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of the chassis according to the present disclosure.
LIST OF REFERENCES
[0053] 2 body
[0054] 4 chassis
[0055] 6 channel
[0056] 8 bottom (of the channel)
[0057] 10A, 10B flank (of the channel)
[0058] 12A, 12B (planar) bearing surface
[0059] 14A, 14B opposite bearing surface
[0060] 16A, 16B branch, partition
[0061] 20 unlocking pin
[0062] 22 barrel
[0063] 24 barrel unlocking ramp
[0064] 32A, 32B groove
[0065] 34A, 34B tongue
[0066] 38 slide release pin
[0067] 42 rear guide element for the slide
[0068] 44 front guide element for the slide
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0069] FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view in a median plane (plane I) of a pistol body 2 and of a chassis 4 according to the present disclosure. The body 2 is made from synthetic material and has a channel 6 formed inside it. The body 2 comprises a grip positioned below the channel 6. The channel includes a bottom 8 delimited on either side by flanks 10A, 10B (see FIG. 5). The chassis 4 has an elongated shape extending from a central portion of the body 2 at a rear end of the body 2. The chassis 4 is preferably a single-block part. The chassis 4 can ensure the maintenance and/or the guiding of the moving elements of the trigger mechanism, said chassis 4 further comprising guide elements 42, 44 for guiding the rail. The chassis 4 can comprise two parallel branches 16A, 16B in the form of partitions 16A, 16B delimiting, inter alia, a loading zone. Lastly, the chassis comprises an unlocking pin 20 or another equivalent unlocking means (functionally, a bearing surface on which the unlocking ramp bears during slide recoil).
[0070] The chassis 4 is fastened to the body 2 using a connection of the sliding type. A formfitting connection with one element sliding relative to the other (“formschlüssig” in German) can comprise a dovetail connection, a tongue and groove connection, or a mortise-and-tenon connection. In FIG. 1, the formfitting connection is positioned in a front part of the chassis 4 (in front of the unlocking pin 20). Alternatively, the formfitting connection can be positioned behind the unlocking ramp 24 when the barrel 22 is locked. The “front” of the pistol is by definition positioned at the opening of the barrel 22. Preferably, the formfitting connection is positioned in front of the unlocking pin 20 so as to cause the metal chassis to work essentially in compression and not in traction/flexion as illustrated. Therefore, it is recommended to have the unlocking pin 20 as close as possible to the formfitting connection in order to reduce the section of the chassis (that is to say between the unlocking pin 20 and the formfitting connection) that is subject to a traction/flexion or compression/flexion force depending on the case.
[0071] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic section in a cross-section parallel (plane II) to the median plane of the chassis 4 mounted on the body 2 of the pistol according to the present disclosure. The formfitting connection slides in translation, preferably only in translation. The female part of the formfitting connection preferably comprises two parallel grooves 32A, 32B respectively formed on outer lateral surfaces of the two partitions 16A, 16B of the chassis 4. The translation direction is preferably inclined relative to the longitudinal direction with an angle inclusively between 20° and 80°, preferably between 30° and 60°; with a slope increasing toward the front of the weapon. The optimal angle can be chosen such that the translation direction is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the unlocking force. Thus, the force resulting from the unlocking, which tends both to lift the chassis 4 and to push it toward the rear, is better distributed when the two planar bearing surfaces 12A, 12B are oriented toward the top and the rear of the pistol. Furthermore, the incline makes it possible to increase the contact surface and therefore to reduce the pressure exerted by the two planar bearing surfaces 12A, 12B during a firing cycle.
[0072] FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of the chassis mounted on the body of the pistol according to the present disclosure.
[0073] FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c illustrate three steps during the unlocking of the barrel 22: an instant before the contact between an unlocking pin 20 secured to the chassis 4 and at least one unlocking ramp 24 arranged on the barrel 22, the instant where the unlocking pin 20 is impacted by the unlocking ramp(s) 24 of the barrel 22, and the instant where the unlocking pin 20 is in abutment against the or each unlocking ramp slot 24 of the barrel 22.
[0074] FIG. 4a describes the rear part of the barrel 22 and the chassis 4 at an instant before the contact between the unlocking pin 20 secured to the chassis 4 and the or each unlocking ramp 24 arranged on the barrel 22. FIG. 4a shows a section of the chassis 4 in a vertical plane parallel to the median plane of the pistol. The median plane of the pistol is defined as a substantially symmetrical vertical plane passing through the center of inertia of the pistol. In this lateral view, the rear part of the barrel 22 has at least one ramp 24 that is suitable for bearing against a part of the chassis (unlocking pin 20) thus limiting the recoil of the barrel 22 after a shot. The ramp 24 shape and the positioning of the unlocking pin 20 are chosen to ensure tilting of the barrel. The tilting of the barrel 22 makes it possible to facilitate the supply of a cartridge after the lowering of the barrel 22 toward the lips of the magazine. In the described embodiment, an unlocking pin 20 is proposed. However, other means can be considered to cause the tilting of the barrel, for example lugs formed on the inner side walls facing the chassis 4. The unlocking pin 20, or the equivalent means and the chassis 4 can form a single (monobloc) part. According to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1-3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5 and 6, the release function and the unlocking function are performed by a same so-called unlocking and release pin. It is nevertheless obvious for one skilled in the art that these two functions can be performed by separate elements. This is in particular the case when the unlocking element and the chassis are formed in a single (monobloc) piece. FIG. 4a also illustrates rear 42 and front 44 guide elements for the barrel slide 22.
[0075] FIG. 4b shows the rear part of the barrel 22 and the chassis 4 at the moment where the unlocking pin 20 is impacted by the or each unlocking ramp 24 of the barrel 22. FIG. 4b illustrates the unlocking force by a vector “Fd”. This force tends to lift the chassis 4. Preferably, the sliding direction of the formfitting connection is chosen so as to be substantially parallel (preferably+or −5 degrees) to a tangent of the or each unlocking ramp 24, the tangent passing through a point of the or each unlocking ramp 24 where the impact with the unlocking pin or the like takes place during a firing cycle (that is to say a portion of the or each unlocking ramp 24 that comes back into contact with the unlocking pin or the like during the unlocking process). More preferably, the sliding direction of the formfitting connection is chosen so as to be parallel to the tangent to the unlocking ramp(s) 24 at the point of impact (see FIG. 4b). The choice of an appropriate incline ensures a better transfer of the unlocking force. Still more advantageously, the pistol is designed such that the line of action (straight line that bears the force vector) of the unlocking force passes through the center of inertia of the (planar) bearing surfaces 12A, 12B and/or of the opposite (planar) bearing surfaces 14A, 14B (this embodiment is not shown). This configuration makes it possible to not transfer torque resulting from the unlocking force by the formfitting connection ensuring a homogenization of the resultant stresses. Additionally, the first unlocking means 24 can comprise two unlocking ramps 24 positioned on either side of the median plane of the pistol. The or each unlocking ramp 24 can be formed by a portion of an edge of an orifice (for example bean-shaped), a notch, or an arm formed behind the barrel 22.
[0076] FIG. 4c shows the rear part of the barrel 22 and the chassis 4 at the instant where the unlocking pin 20 abuts against the slot of the or each unlocking ramp 24 of the barrel 22. FIG. 4c illustrates the barrel abutment force (Vector Fb).
[0077] The male part of the formfitting connection preferably comprises two tongues 34A, 34B formed on two inner flanks 10A, 10B facing the channel 6 of the body 2. The two tongues 34A, 34B extend from the bottom 8 of the channel 6 to the upper edges facing the channel 6. The tongues 34A, 34B are preferably configured to engage in translation in grooves 32A, 32B formed on the chassis 4, the grooves 32A, 32B constituting the female part of the formfitting connection. The two tongues 34A, 34B positioned on the body 2 preferably have two so-called opposing surfaces 14A, 14B bearing against the planar surfaces 12A, 12B formed at least on the respective grooves 32A, 32B positioned on the chassis 4.
[0078] In FIGS. 1-3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5 and 6, the female part of the formfitting connection is formed at the front end of the chassis 4 such that the forces related to the firing cycles (e.g., unlocking) are transmitted directly to the body via the formfitting connection by “bypassing” the central and rear part of the chassis 4. Thus, the central and rear part of the chassis 4 are to a certain extent exposed very little or even not exposed to the mechanical stresses resulting from the firing cycle. The body 2 can comprise, at the formfitting connection, overthicknesses at the lateral flanks of the channel 6 so as to reduce the stresses related to the transfers of the firing forces.
[0079] The partitions (branches) 16A, 16B are preferably connected at least at a front part of the chassis 4, to the front of the loading zone, by a release pin of the barrel (FIG. 2).
[0080] The pistol according to the present disclosure also comprises a barrel slide (not illustrated) guided in a longitudinal direction of the body 2. The barrel slide comprises: a barrel and a breech. The pistol also includes a trigger mechanism (not illustrated).
[0081] According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5, and 6, the release pin 38 is combined with the unlocking pin 20. This release pin 38 is preferably mounted rotatably in the chassis 4. This release pin 38 passes through the two branches 16A, 16B of the body at two openings. The dimensions of the two openings are chosen such that the rotatable connection between the release pin 38 and the openings is loose, thus preventing part of the forces from being able to be transmitted directly by the release pin 38 to the body 2 and therefore making it possible to free the zone between the formfitting connection and the release pin 38. The release pin 38 comprises an outer actuating lever and an inner lever that is provided for the disassembly of the barrel and of the slide.
[0082] When the disassembly and unlocking functions are separate, the two pins (or other disassembly/unlocking means) preferably do not have direct contact with the body, so as to avoid any direct stress transfer.
[0083] FIG. 5 illustrates a front section (plane V) of the chassis 4 mounted on the body 2 of the pistol according to the present disclosure. In this view, the channel 6 of the body 2 preferably has a bottom 8 on which the chassis 4 rests.
[0084] In one preferred embodiment, portions of the partitions 16A, 16B of the chassis 4 in front of the respective grooves 32A, 32B extend to the bottom 8 and bear against the bottom 8 and form a second transfer interface for forces related to the firing cycles. More particularly, this interface takes up part of the vertical component of the forces related to the firing cycles (e.g., barrel rear abutment force).
[0085] FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of the chassis 4 according to the present disclosure. The loading zone formed between the two partitions 16A, 16B is suitable for a double column of projectiles.
[0086] According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5, and 6, the formfitting connection comprises a pair of tongues and grooves. In an alternative that is not shown, the formfitting connection can comprise at least two pairs of tongues and grooves.
[0087] According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5, and 6, the formfitting connection comprises a male part formed on the body 2 and a female part formed on the chassis 4. In another alternative that is not shown, the male part can be formed on the chassis 4 and a female part formed on the body 2. This alternative nevertheless has the drawback of having less material at the body 2 in order to distribute the forces transmitted by the chassis 4.
