A HAMMERING DEVICE AND A METHOD FOR OPERATING A HAMMERING DEVICE

Abstract

Disclosed is a hammering device (1) comprising a hammer (2), an elongated linear carriage guide (3) including a first guide end (4) and a second guide end (5) at eithers ends of the elongated linear carriage guide (3) and a hammer carriage (6) arranged to be displaceable back and forth along the elongated linear carriage guide (3). The hammering device (1) further comprises a lifting line (7) connected to the hammer carriage (6) and to the hammer (2), so that the hammer (2) is displaced in response to displacement of the hammer carriage (6), wherein the lifting line (7) is extending from the hammer carriage (6) in a direction towards the first guide end (4). The hammering device (1) also comprises a displacement carriage (8) arranged to be displaceable back and forth along the elongated linear carriage guide (3), and displacement means (9) connected to the displacement carriage (8) and arranged to displace the displacement carriage (8), wherein the displacement carriage (8) is arranged between the hammer carriage (6) and the first guide end (4). Furthermore, a method for operating a hammering device (1) is disclosed.

Claims

1. A hammering device comprising a hammer, an elongated linear carriage guide comprising a first guide end and a second guide end at eithers ends of said elongated linear carriage guide, a hammer carriage arranged to be displaceable back and forth along said elongated linear carriage guide, a lifting line connected to said hammer carriage and to said hammer, wherein said hammer carriage is connected to said hammer by means of said lifting line so that said hammer is displaced in response to displacement of said hammer carriage, wherein said lifting line is extending from said hammer carriage in a direction towards said first guide end, a displacement carriage arranged to be displaceable back and forth along said elongated linear carriage guide, wherein said hammer carriage is separate from said displacement carriage, a displacer connected to said displacement carriage and arranged to displace said displacement carriage, wherein said displacement carriage is arranged between said hammer carriage and said first guide end so that when said displacement carriage is displaced in a direction towards said second guide end by said displacer, said displacement carriage will make contact with said hammer carriage and thereby also force said hammer carriage in said direction towards said second guide end.

2. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said hammering device further comprises a hammer housing, wherein said hammer housing is elongated, wherein said hammer is arranged to travel back and forth inside said hammer housing between a top hammer housing end and an impact hammer housing end of said elongated hammer housing.

3. The hammering device according to claim 2, wherein said lifting line is extending to said hammer from said top hammer housing end and wherein said hammer is arranged to impact an object at said impact hammer housing end.

4. The hammering device according to claim 2, wherein said elongated linear carriage guide, said hammer carriage, said displacement carriage and said displacer displacement means are arranged external to said hammer housing.

5. The hammering device according to any of claim 2-4, wherein said elongated linear carriage guide and said displacer are connected to an outside surface of said hammer housing.

6. The hammering device according to any of claim 2, wherein said hammering device further comprises at least one guide wheel arranged at said top hammer housing end, and wherein said lifting line is extending from said hammer carriage to said at least one guide wheel and further on to said hammer.

7. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said displacer is extending from said displacement carriage and in a direction towards said second guide end of said elongated linear carriage guide.

8. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said displacer is arranged to extend and contract in a direction parallel with said elongated linear carriage guide.

9. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said lifting line is connected to said hammer through a set of pulleys.

10. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said hammer carriage comprises at least one carriage shock absorber arranged to absorb shock between said hammer carriage and said displacement carriage.

11. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said displacement carriage comprises at least one carriage shock absorber arranged to absorb shock between said hammer carriage and said displacement carriage.

12. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said hammering device further comprises a displacement carriage position detector for detecting a position of said displacement carriage.

13. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said hammering device further comprises a hammer carriage position detector for detecting a position of said hammer carriage.

14. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said displacer comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder.

15. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said displacer comprises a hammer shock absorber.

16. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said hammer carriage is connected to said elongated linear carriage guide and wherein said displacement carriage is also connected to said elongated linear carriage guide.

17. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said lifting line is connected to said hammer carriage at a first line end and wherein said lifting line is connected directly or indirectly to said hammer at a second line end.

18. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein said hammering device further comprises a chisel and wherein said hammer is arranged to impact said chisel.

19. A method for operating a hammering device, wherein said method comprising the steps of: lifting a hammer of said hammering device by displacing a displacement carriage in a first direction along an elongated linear carriage guide by means of a displacer so that said displacement carriage makes contact with a hammer carriage, so that said hammer carriage is also displaced in a first direction along said elongated linear carriage guide and so that a lifting line connecting said hammer carriage to said hammer will lift said hammer, wherein said hammer carriage is separate from said displacement carriage, position said hammer above an object to be impacted by said hammer, displacing said displacement carriage in a second direction along said elongated linear carriage guide by means of said displacer, wherein said first direction is opposite said second direction.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein said displacement carriage is displaced in said second direction by means of said displacer at a speed that is faster than the speed said hammer carriage is displaced in said second direction by gravitational pull in said hammer.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein said hammering device is a hammering device comprising a hammer, an elongated linear carriage guide comprising a first guide end and a second guide end at eithers ends of said elongated linear carriage guide, a hammer carriage arranged to be displaceable back and forth along said elongated linear carriage guide, a lifting line connected to said hammer carriage and to said hammer, wherein said hammer carriage is connected to said hammer by means of said lifting line so that said hammer is displaced in response to displacement of said hammer carriage, wherein said lifting line is extending from said hammer carriage in a direction towards said first guide end, a displacement carriage arranged to be displaceable back and forth along said elongated linear carriage guide, wherein said hammer carriage is separate from said displacement carriage, a displacer connected to said displacement carriage and arranged to displace said displacement carriage, wherein said displacement carriage is arranged between said hammer carriage and said first guide end so that when said displacement carriage is displaced in a direction towards said second guide end by said displacer, said displacement carriage will make contact with said hammer carriage and thereby also force said hammer carriage in said direction towards said second guide end.

Description

FIGURES

[0059] The invention will be described in the following with reference to the figures in which

[0060] FIG. 1. illustrates a hammering device mounted on a heavy duty excavator, as seen from the side,

[0061] FIG. 2 illustrates a cross section through the middle of a hammering device in impact position, as seen from the side,

[0062] FIG. 3 illustrates a hammering device in impact position, as seen from the front,

[0063] FIG. 4 illustrates a cross section through the middle of a hammering device in top position, as seen from the side,

[0064] FIG. 5 illustrates a hammering device in top position, as seen from the front,

[0065] FIG. 6 illustrates a simplified view of a first step in a work cycle, as seen from the front,

[0066] FIG. 7 illustrates a simplified view of a second step in a work cycle, as seen from the front,

[0067] FIG. 8 illustrates a simplified view of a third step in a work cycle, as seen from the front,

[0068] FIG. 9 illustrates a simplified view of a fourth step in a work cycle, as seen from the front, and

[0069] FIG. 10 illustrates a simplified view of a fifth step in a work cycle, as seen from the front.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] FIG. 1 illustrates a hammering device 1 mounted on a heavy-duty excavator 23, as seen from the side.

[0071] In this embodiment the excavator 23 weighs in excess of 50 ton in order to be able to handle the large hammering device 1 mounted on the arm 24 of the excavator 23. However, in another embodiment the hammering device 1 could be mounted on an excavator 23 of another weightboth lesser or greater, the hammering device 1 could be mounted on another mobile or stationary apparatus such as a crane, a forklift, a digger or similar or the hammering device 1 could be arranged stationary or be provided with means for making it self-propelling.

[0072] In this embodiment the hammering device 1 is supplied with oil pressure from the excavators internal oil pump but in another embodiment the hammering device 1 could be provided with its own independent oil pressurizing means or pressurized oil could be supplied from a pressurizing source external to both the excavator 23 and the hammering device 1 and/or the hammering device 1 could also or instead be supplied with electrical power, pressurized air.

[0073] Typically the hammering device 1 is first mounted on the arm 24 of the excavator 23 and the hammering device 1 is connected to the hydraulic system and/or the electrical system of the excavator 23. The operator will then initiate that the hammering device 1 will lift the hammer 2 inside the hammer housing 10 up to a top position. The top positioni.e. the height to which the hammer 2 is initially liftedcould be chosen by the operator, it could be defined on basis of the latest impact position, it could be a fixed position inside the hammer housing 10 or the initial position could be chosen or determined in another way. The excavator 23 then moves the hammering device 1 to the place of use and places the hammering device 1 so that the hammer housing 10 rests on the object to be hammered on or places the bottom of the hammer housing 10 immediately above the object. The operator then initiates the hammering process in the form of a single blow, a predefined series of blows or that the hammering process continues until the operator stops it again.

[0074] In the hammering process the hammer 2 is first dropped from its initial position where after gravity will pull the hammer 2 downwards until the hammer 2 hits the object over which the hammering device 1 is placed. Immediately thereafter the hammer 2 is lifter up to the initial position and e.g. dropped again. In an embodiment the actual impact position is determined each time the hammer 2 hits the object and the initial position is then adjusted accordingly to ensure that the hammer 2 travels substantially the same distance each time and thus delivers substantially the same amount of energy. The travel distance could also be continuously adjusted by the operator.

[0075] FIG. 2 illustrates a cross section through the middle of a hammering device 1 in impact position, as seen from the side and FIG. 3 illustrates a hammering device 1 in impact position, as seen from the front.

[0076] In this embodiment the hammer housing 10 is formed as a tube i.e. an elongated cylinder having an inside diameter a little greater than the outer diameter of the hammer 2. The hammer housing 10 ensures that the hammer 2 travels up and down along a predefined path and in another embodiment the hammer housing 10 could instead or also comprise rails, guidance or other or the tube and/or the hammer 2 could be formed with a square, a polygonal, an oval or another cross section. Or the hammering device could be formed without a hammer housing 10 if the hammer 2 was suspended by the lifting deviceto be discussed in the followingarranged directly above the hammer 2 or if the hammer 2 was arranged to travel in a lattice work or being suspended from an arm.

[0077] In this embodiment the hammering device 1 is provided with an elongated linear carriage guide 3 comprising a first guide end 4 in the direction of the top end 11 of the hammer housing 10 and a second guide end 5 arranged at the opposite end of the carriage guide 3i.e. the end 5 of the carriage guide 3 pointing towards the impact end 12 of the hammer housing 10.

[0078] In this embodiment a hammer carriage 6 and a displacement carriage 8 are connected to the carriage guide 3 so that they are displaceable back and forth along the carriage guide 3. However, in another embodiment more than one carriage guide 3 could be provided, and the hammer carriage 6 and a displacement carriage 8 could run on different carriage guides 3. In this embodiment the carriage guide 3 are V-guide rails being engaged by V-rollers arranged on the carriages 6, 8 but in another embodiment the carriage guide 3 could also or instead comprise another form of linear guide rails or guide rods being engaged by suitable guide wheels or guide sleeves arranged on the carriages 6, 8 or the carriage guide 3 could be realised in numerous other ways known to the skilled person.

[0079] In this embodiment a lifting line 7 is connecting the hammer carriage 6 to the hammer 2 through a guide wheel 14 and a set of pulleys 15 so that the hammer 2 is displaced in response to displacement of the hammer carriage 6. But due to the set of pulleys 15 a short travel of the hammer carriage 6 translates into a greater travel of the hammer 2 and the traveling speed of the hammer 2 is amplified in relation to the traveling speed of the hammer carriage 6. However, in another embodiment the top of the hammer housing 10 would only be provided with the guide wheel 14 or the set of pulleys 15 could be designed differently.

[0080] In this embodiment the lifting line 7 runs continuous from a first line end 20 connected to the hammer carriage 6, through the set of pulleys 15 and to a second line end 21 connected to the hammer 2 but in another embodiment the lifting line 7 could e.g. run from the hammer carriage 6 to a movable wheel, around which another lifting line 7 would extend and to the hammer 2i.e. in another embodiment the lifting line 7 could be divided into several lifting line parts.

[0081] In this embodiment the lifting line 7 is a single belt but in another embodiment the hammering device could comprise more than one lifting line 7such as two, three, four or even moreand/or the lifting line could also or instead comprise a rope, a wire, a chain or other.

[0082] In this embodiment the hammering device 1 also comprises displacement means 9 in the form of two hydraulic cylinders connected to the displacement carriage 8 so that the displacement means 9 may force the displacement carriage 8 back and forth along the carriage guide 3. However, in another embodiment the displacement means 9 could comprise another number of hydraulic cylinders and/or the displacement means 9 could also or instead comprise a winch, a motor driven gear and pinion arrangement, a motor driven timing belt or other.

[0083] In this embodiment the displacement means 9 are extending from the displacement carriage 8 and in a direction towards the second guide end 5 of the elongated linear carriage guide 3 so that the displacement means 9 will pull the displacement carriage 8 and thereby the hammer carriage 6 to lift the hammer 2. However, in another embodiment the displacement means 9 could be arranged in the opposite direction so that they would push the displacement carriage 8 and thereby the hammer carriage 6 to lift the hammer 2.

[0084] In this embodiment the displacement means 9 are arranged to extend and contract in a direction parallel with the elongated linear carriage guide 3 but in another embodiment the displacement means 9 could be arranged to act in another directione.g., slightly tilted in relation to the direction of the carriage guide 3.

[0085] In this embodiment the displacement carriage 8 also comprises two carriage shock absorbers 16 arranged to absorb shock between the hammer carriage 6 and the displacement carriage 8 when the two carriages 6, 8 makes contact. However, in another embodiment the carriage shock absorbers 16 could also or instead be arranged on the hammer carriage 6 and/or another number of carriage shock absorbers 16 could be provided such as one, three, four or even more.

[0086] In this embodiment the hammering device 1 further comprises displacement carriage position detection means 17 in the form of an array of proximity sensors arranged on one of the hydraulic cylinders to detect the position of the cylinder's piston and thereby the position of the displacement carriage 8. And in this embodiment the hammering device 1 further comprises hammer carriage position detection means 18 in the form of a laser distance sensor arranged for detecting the actual position of the hammer carriage 6. However, in another embodiment the displacement carriage position detection means 17 and/or the hammer carriage position detection means 18 could also or instead comprise other kinds of sensors. E.g. if the displacement means 9 comprised a winch, this winch could be provided with an encoder to track the position of the displacement carriage 8 and/or an encoder placed on the guide wheel 14 could track the position of the hammer carriage 6 through the motion of the lifting line 7.

[0087] In this embodiment the elongated linear carriage guide 3 and the displacement means 9 are connected to the outside surface 13 of the hammer housing 10 but in another embodiment the carriage guide 3 and the displacement means 9 could be connected to the inside surface 13 of the hammer housing 10 or to something other than the hammer housing 10.

[0088] In this embodiment the displacement carriage 8 is arranged between the hammer carriage 6 and the first guide end 4 of the carriage guide 3 and since the lifting line 7 is extending from the hammer carriage 6 in the direction of the first guide end 4 of the carriage guide 3, the hammer carriage 6 will be pushed in the direction of second guide end 5 by the displacement carriage 8 when the displacement carriage 8 is moved towards the second guide end 5 by the displacement means 9. Thereby the hammer carriage 6 will pull the lifting line 7 and elevate the hammer 2 by means of the forces provided by the displacement means 9.

[0089] In this embodiment the displacement means 9 comprises hammer shock absorber means 19 in that when the displacement carriage 8 is in a top positioni.e. a position a bit higher than where the hammer carriage 6 normally will arrive at when the hammer 2 has reached its impact position as disclosed in FIGS. 2 and 3the displacement means 9 are actually not fully extended. Thus, if the hammer 2 overshoots its impact position, the hammer carriage 6 will hit the displacement carriage 8 and push it upwards and in this embodiment the displacement means 9 are arranged to extend further in the direction of the first guide end 4 of carriage guide 3i.e. upwards in this casewhile it provides resistance that will dampen the shock of the collision between the hammer carriage 6 and the displacement carriage 8 and eventually stop further displacement. These hammer shock absorber means 19 could be adjustable in the form of an adjustable reduction valve on the port of the cylinder chamber containing the piston rod. However, in another embodiment the hammer shock absorber means 19 could comprise a winch damping system in case the displacement means 9 comprises a winch or the hammer shock absorber means 19 could be separate shock absorbers arranged at the first guide end 4 of carriage guide 3 or the hammer shock absorber means 19 could be realised in another way.

[0090] FIG. 4 illustrates a cross section through the middle of a hammering device 1 in top position, as seen from the side and FIG. 5 illustrates a hammering device 1 in top position, as seen from the front.

[0091] In this embodiment the displacement means 9 has drawn the displacement carriage 8 downwards so that it makes contact with the hammer carriage 6 and draws both carriages 6, 8 downwards to thereby pull the hammer 2 up in top position.

[0092] In the embodiment disclosed in FIG. 4, the hammering device 1 further comprises a chisel 22 arranged at the impact end 12 of the hammer housing 10. I.e. in this embodiment the operator will arrange the hammering device 1 so that the chisel 22 is pushed a bit into the hammer housing 10 by the object to be hit, after which the hammer is released by pushing the displacement carriage 8 upwards rapidly so that the hammer 2 will impact the chisel 22 which in turn will impact the object.

[0093] FIG. 6-10 illustrates simplified views of first to fifth steps in a work cycle of a hammering device 1, as seen from the front.

[0094] In this embodiment a normal work cycle of the hammering device 1 first comprises the step disclosed in FIG. 6 in which the hammer (not shown) is in an impact position at the bottom of the hammer housing (not shown) and the hammer carriage 6 is in a top position.

[0095] FIGS. 7 and 8 disclose that the displacement means 9 are pulling the displacement carriage 8 downwards to make it impact the hammer carriage 6 to pull the hammer carriage 6 along downwards till a bottom position has been reached. The hammer carriage 6 is connected to the hammer (not shown) by means of the lifting line 7 so when the hammer carriage 6 is pulled downwards, the hammer is raised. It should be noted that in FIGS. 6-10 the carriages 6, 8 etc. are arranged on the outside of the hammer housing as disclosed in FIGS. 2-5 but in another embodiment the arrangement disclosed in FIGS. 6-10 could be turned upside down and the hammer (not shown) could be connected directly to the end of the lifting line 7 shown in FIGS. 6-10 at the dotted line.

[0096] FIG. 9 discloses that a hammer drop has been initiated, and the displacement means 9 pushes the displacement carriage 8 rapidly upwards so that the hammer carriage 6 may move freely while being pulled upwards by the dropping hammer.

[0097] FIG. 10 discloses that the hammer (not shown) has made impact and the hammer carriage 6 has thereby reached its top position and is ready to be pushed down again.

[0098] The invention has been exemplified above with reference to specific examples of hammering devices 1, displacement means 9, carriages 6, 8 and other. However, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular examples described above but may be designed and altered in a multitude of varieties within the scope of the invention as specified in the claims.

LIST

[0099] 1. Hammering device [0100] 2. Hammer [0101] 3. Carriage guide [0102] 4. First guide end of carriage guide [0103] 5. Second guide end of carriage guide [0104] 6. Hammer carriage [0105] 7. Lifting line [0106] 8. Displacement carriage [0107] 9. Displacement means [0108] 10. Hammer housing [0109] 11. Top hammer housing end [0110] 12. Impact hammer housing end [0111] 13. Outside surface of hammer housing [0112] 14. Guide wheel [0113] 15. Set of pulleys [0114] 16. Carriage shock absorber [0115] 17. Displacement carriage position detection means [0116] 18. Hammer carriage position detection means [0117] 19. Hammer shock absorber means [0118] 20. First line end [0119] 21. Second line end [0120] 22. Chisel [0121] 23. Excavator [0122] 24. Excavator arm