CRANK TRANSMISSION AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING A RELATIVE ROTATION OF TWO GUIDE ELEMENTS

Abstract

A crank transmission having a crankshaft for connection to at least one foot or hand crank and at least one gear wheel driven by means of the crankshaft (5) is proposed. A coupling unit is provided between the crankshaft and the gear wheel. Under load, the coupling unit has at least temporarily an angular offset between a crank-side receiving region and an output region connected to the gear wheel for receiving and outputting the torque generated via the crank.

Claims

1. A transmission, comprising: a shaft; at least one gear wheel driven by the shaft; a coupling unit connected to the shaft and the gear wheel, wherein the coupling unit, when under load, at least temporarily has an angular offset between a crank-side receiving region that receives torque introduced into the shaft and an output region that is connected to the gear wheel and outputs torque from the shaft; a transducer unit configured to convert the angular offset to a change in a magnetic flux, the transducer unit comprises at least one magnet and two magnetic guide elements that can be rotated with respect to each other, the two magnetic guide elements define an air gap therebetween, the two magnetic guide elements are configured such that the shape of the air gap changes in an angle-dependent manner depending on their relative angular position; and a magnetic field-sensitive sensor configured to detect the change in magnetic flux, wherein one of the magnetic guide elements is connected to the shaft so that there is no relative angular movement therebetween, and the other of the magnetic guide elements is connected to the gear wheel so that there is no relative angular movement therebetween, wherein the transducer unit is configured to create a first magnetic flux circuit and a second magnetic flux circuit, wherein a region of the air gap that changes depending on the relative angular position of the two magnetic guide elements is located in an area of one of the first and the second magnetic flux circuits, and wherein the magnetic field-sensitive sensor is located in an area of the other of the first and the second magnetic flux circuits.

2. The transmission of claim 1, wherein the coupling unit comprises a torsion element.

3. The transmission of claim 2, wherein the torsion element is disposed in a cavity of the shaft.

4. The transmission of claim 2, wherein the torsion element is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the gear wheel at a connection point in the output region by a connecting element, wherein the connecting element extends from a cavity of the shaft through a passage in a wall of the shaft, and wherein the torsion element is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft at a connection point in the receiving region.

5. The transmission of claim 2, wherein the torsion element is deformable in a torque-dependent manner against a restoring torque in such a way that the angular offset between the receiving region and the output region is torque-dependent.

6. The transmission of claim 2, wherein the torsion element is a torsion bar.

7. The transmission of claim 1, wherein one of the two magnetic guide elements has a toothed inner circumference and the other of the two magnetic guide elements has a toothed outer circumference, such that the shape of the air gap depends on the relative angular position of teeth of the toothed inner circumference and of teeth of the toothed outer circumference.

8. The transmission of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field-sensitive sensor is spaced apart from the two magnetic guide elements.

9. The transmission of claim 8, wherein the two magnetic guide elements are arranged radially outside of the magnetic field-sensitive sensor.

10. The transmission of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field-sensitive sensor is arranged stationarily with respect to a non-rotating component.

11. The transmission of claim 10, wherein the magnetic field-sensitive sensor is disposed stationarily with respect to a transmission housing.

12. The transmission of claim 1, wherein an evaluation unit is provided for determining the torque based on the detected sensor signal of the magnetic field-sensitive sensor.

13. The transmission of claim 1, wherein the magnet is a ring magnet concentric with the shaft.

14. The transmission of claim 13, wherein the first magnetic flux circuit is an outer magnetic flux circuit which extends around an outer circumference of the ring magnet, wherein the second magnetic flux circuit is an inner magnetic flux circuit which extends around an inner circumference of the ring magnet, wherein a region of the air gap that changes depending on the relative angular position of the two magnetic guide elements is located in the area of one of the outer magnetic flux circuit and the inner magnetic flux circuit, and wherein the magnetic field-sensitive sensor is located in the area of the other of the outer magnetic flux circuit and the inner magnetic flux circuit.

15. An apparatus for detecting a relative rotation of two rotatable guide elements which are rotatably mounted with respect to a housing and between which an air gap is formed which varies in dependence on the relative rotation, comprising: a ring magnet magnetized so that a radially outer return circuit of a magnetic field is formed outside an outer circumference of the ring magnet and an inner return circuit of the magnetic field is formed inside an inner circumference of the ring magnet; and a magnetic field-sensitive sensor disposed stationarily with respect to the housing, wherein the magnetic field-sensitive sensor is disposed in a region of one return circuit of the outer return circuit of the magnetic field and the inner return circuit of the magnetic field, and wherein the variable air gap is disposed in a region of the other return circuit of the outer return circuit of the magnetic field and the inner return circuit of the magnetic field.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the return circuit of the outer return circuit and the inner return circuit, in the region of which the magnetic field-sensitive sensor is disposed, generates a magnetic field which is homogeneous in the circumferential direction.

17. A transmission for use with a foot or hand crank, comprising: a shaft having an inner cavity and a passage; a torsion element at least partially arranged within the inner cavity of the shaft and having a receiving region and an output region, a torque is received from the foot or hand crank at the receiving region and a torque is outputted at the output region; a gear wheel; a connecting element connecting the output region of the torsion element to the gear wheel, the connecting element extends through the passage in the shaft; a first guide element attached to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner and a second guide element attached to the gear wheel in a rotationally fixed manner, the first and second guide elements can be rotated relative to one another; a magnet attached to one of the first or second guide elements and being arranged so as to create a magnetic field; a magnetic sensor arranged in the magnetic field and being configured to detect a change in magnetic flux, and an air gap arranged in the magnetic field and being located between the first and second guide elements, the relative rotation between the first and second guide elements affects the shape of the air gap, wherein the transmission is configured so that a torque from the foot or hand crank can cause an angular offset between the receiving region and the output region of the torsion element, the angular offset in the torsion element causes a corresponding angular offset between the first and second guide elements, the angular offset between the first and second guide elements causes a corresponding change in the shape of the air gap, and the change in the shape of the air gap causes a corresponding change in the magnetic flux detected by the magnetic sensor.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

[0029] An embodiment of the disclosure is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.

[0030] In detail, there is shown in

[0031] FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through various transmission components and the sensor system for the torque of a transmission,

[0032] FIG. 2 a top view of two guide elements rotatable relative to each other in a first angular position,

[0033] FIG. 3 a top view of two guide elements rotatable relative to each other in a second angular position, and

[0034] FIG. 4 a perspective view of the crankshaft with a connecting pin as a drive element.

EMBODIMENTS

[0035] FIG. 1 shows the main components of a transmission. Specifically, these include various transmission gear wheels (1, 2, 3, 4), of which the first transmission gear wheel (1) is driven by a crankshaft (5).

[0036] The crankshaft 5 is provided on both sides with toothings (6, 7) for mounting foot or hand cranks. A connecting pin (8) projects from the crankshaft and serves to connect the gear wheel (1) to be driven, as will be explained further below.

[0037] FIG. 1 further shows the inner cavity (9) of the crankshaft (5), in which a torsion bar (10) is arranged. The torsion bar is non-rotatably connected to the crankshaft at its crank-side receiving region (11), for example pressed or welded or shrunk on. At its opposite output region (12), the torsion bar (10) is connected to the gear wheel (1) in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the connecting pin (8) as a drive element for the gear wheel (1). To enable the angular offset according to the invention, the passage (13) through the wall of the crankshaft (5) is formed as an oblong hole (see FIG. 4), the edge (14) of which forms a mechanical end stop for the rotation of the connecting pin in the passage (13).

[0038] A ring magnet (15) is inserted in a recess (16) of the gear wheel (1), wherein the two magnetic poles N, S are arranged in the axial direction. This results in an outer return circuit (17) and an inner return circuit (18), as indicated by arrow lines.

[0039] A Hall sensor (19) is arranged in the area of the inner return circuit. An annular space (20) is arranged outside the Hall sensor (19) for the arrangement of the guide elements not shown in FIG. 1, and extends far into the area of the outer return circuit (18).

[0040] FIGS. 2 and 3 show the guide elements (21, 22) to be accommodated in the annular space (20). The outer guide element (21) and the inner guide element (22) are provided with an inner toothing (23) and an outer toothing (24), respectively, which project into an air gap (25) of the outer return circuit.

[0041] The toothings (23, 24) form the contours of the air gap (25), whereby the shape of the outer air gap (25) can be changed by relatively rotating the guide elements (21, 22). FIGS. 2 and 3 show two different angular positions of the guide elements (21, 22) relative to each other. The toothings (23, 24) and the air gap (25) are located in the area of the outer return circuit (17). However, by relatively rotating the guide elements (21, 22), the flux of the magnetic field in the inner return circuit (18) and thus also in the inner air gap (26) is also changed and can thus be detected by sensorically via the Hall sensor (19), wherein FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the use of several Hall sensors.

[0042] Since the magnetic field of the inner air gap (26) is homogeneous at a constant overlap of the guide elements (21, 22) of the outer return circuit, the sensor signal remains constant during rotation of the shaft. By changing the overlap of the guide elements of the outer return circuits, the magnetic field in the inner air gap (26) can be varied. If more magnetic flux flows through the outer return circuit due to greater overlap of the guide elements, less magnetic flux consequently flows through the inner return circuit and thus also through the inner air gap (26). If the overlap of the guide elements is reduced, this is correspondingly reversed.

[0043] The inner guide element (22) is connected to the crankshaft, and the outer guide element (21) is connected to the gear wheel (1), in a rotationally fixed manner. Thus, the angular offset generated by the torsion element (10) is established between the two guide elements (21, 22). The two guide elements (21, 22), the ring magnet (15) and the at least one Hall sensor (19) thus form a transducer unit.

[0044] The arrangement described is capable of converting a torque introduced by physical force of a person by means of a crank onto the crankshaft (5) into an angular offset that can be detected sensorically. For this purpose, the torsion bar as a torsion element (10) receives the torque and twists under the corresponding load. This can be the case because the transmission initially opposes the torque, for example by means of a drive wheel to be driven via the transmission. This results in an angular offset over the extension of the torsion bar (10) and thus between the receiving region (11) and the output region (12).

[0045] Since the torsion bar (10) is non-rotatably connected there to the gear wheel (1) via the connecting pin (8), this angular offset also occurs between the guide elements (21, 22), which leads to a change in the flux of the magnetic field of the ring magnet (15). This flux change is detected by the Hall sensor (19).

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0046] 1 gear wheel [0047] 2 gear wheel [0048] 3 gear wheel [0049] 4 gear wheel [0050] 5 crankshaft [0051] 6 toothing [0052] 7 toothing [0053] 8 connecting pin [0054] 9 cavity [0055] 10 torsion bar [0056] 11 receiving region [0057] 12 output region [0058] 13 passage [0059] 14 edge [0060] 15 ring magnet [0061] 16 recess [0062] 17 return circuit [0063] 18 return circuit [0064] 19 Hall sensor [0065] 20 annular space [0066] 21 guide element [0067] 22 guide element [0068] 23 inner toothing [0069] 24 outer toothing [0070] 25 air gap [0071] 26 air gap