METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Abstract

Methods and apparatuses for drying and charging electronic devices are disclosed. An exemplary method comprises: generating a first air flow, using a first pressure-generating device, through a first air path connecting a drying chamber, the first pressure-generating device, a first heat sink, and a moisture-collecting device; activating a thermoelectric system thermally connected to a thermal transfer device, wherein the thermoelectric system has a first polarity; generating a second air flow, using a second pressure-generating device, through a second air path connecting the second pressure-generating device and a second heat sink; generating an electrical current, by engaging the portable electronic device and a power source; generating a third air flow, using the first pressure-generating device, through the first air path; activating the thermoelectric system, wherein the thermoelectric system has a second polarity; and generating a fourth air flow, using the second pressure-generating device, through the second air path.

Claims

1. An apparatus for drying and charging a portable electronic device, the apparatus comprising: a drying chamber for receiving an electronic device, wherein the drying chamber comprises at least one wall; at least one thermal transfer device, wherein the at least one wall is connected to the at least one thermal transfer device; at least one thermoelectric system thermally connected to the at least one thermal transfer device, wherein the at least one thermoelectric system is enabled to have a first polarity or a second polarity, thereby generating a first set of thermal conductivity paths or a second set of thermal conductivity paths respectively; at least one first heat sink thermally connected to the at least one thermal transfer device; at least one second heat sink thermally connected to the at least one thermal transfer device; at least one moisture-collecting device thermally connected to the at least one first heat sink; at least one first pressure-generating device in communication with the at least one first heat sink, wherein the at least one first pressure-generating device is configured to generate a first air flow through a first air path, wherein the first air path connects the drying chamber, the at least one first pressure-generating device, the at least one first heat sink, and the at least one moisture-collecting device, thereby removing a first moisture from the portable electronic device to the at least one moisture-collecting device, wherein the at least one first pressure-generating device is further configured to generate a third air flow through the first air path, thereby removing a second moisture from the at least one moisture-collecting device to an exterior of the at least one moisture-collecting device; at least one second pressure-generating device in communication with the at least one second heat sink, wherein the at least one second pressure-generating device is configured to generate a second air flow through a second air path connecting the at least one second pressure-generating device and the at least one second heat sink; at least one charging system configured to engage the portable electronic device and at least one power source; at least one controller connected to the at least one thermoelectric system, the at least one first pressure-generating device, the at least one second pressure-generating device, and the at least one charging system; and at least one computing device for providing one or more instructions to the at least one controller.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one thermoelectric system is connected to a printed circuit board, the printed circuit board comprising: at least one sensor; the at least one first heat sink; the at least one controller; the at least one charging system; at least one first driver for the at least one first pressure-generating device or the at least one second pressure-generating device; and at least one half-bridge driver.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one thermal transfer device is connected to the at least one wall of the drying chamber directly with a seal or indirectly with a thermal connection.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one first heat sink is thermally connected to the at least one thermal transfer device from an interior of the drying chamber and the at least one thermoelectric system is thermally connected to the at least one thermal transfer device from an exterior of the drying chamber.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drying chamber is an airtight drying chamber, wherein the at least one thermoelectric system is electrically manipulable and enabled to have thermally variable sides.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the airtight drying chamber utilizes at least one elastomeric seal.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the airtight drying chamber is fabricated using elastomeric material.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the at least one first pressure-generating device generates a static pressure, wherein the static pressure is at least 0.1 inch H.sub.2O and no more than 5 inch H.sub.2O.

9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the at least one moisture-collecting device generates a dry air flow, wherein the dry air flow has a relative humidity of no less than 5% and no more than 20%.

10. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the at least one moisture-collecting device is heated to at least 190 F. and no more than 225 F., thereby removing moisture from the at least one moisture-collecting device.

11. A method for drying and charging a portable electronic device, the method comprising: providing a drying chamber for receiving an electronic device, wherein the drying chamber is configured to have at least one wall, wherein the at least one wall is connected to at least one thermal transfer device, wherein the at least one thermal transfer device is thermally connected to at least one thermoelectric system, at least one first heat sink, and at least one second heat sink, wherein the at least one first heat sink is thermally connected to at least one at least one moisture-collecting device and in communication with at least one first pressure-generating device, wherein the at least one second heat sink is in communication with at least one second pressure-generating device; providing at least one charging system, wherein the at least one charging system is enabled to engage the portable electronic device and at least one power source; providing at least one controller, wherein the at least one controller is connected to the at least one thermoelectric system, the at least one first pressure-generating device, the at least one second pressure-generating device, and the at least one charging system, wherein at least one computing device provides instructions to the at least one controller; initiating a drying process, using the at least one controller, based on a first instruction received from the at least one computing device, wherein the drying process comprises: generating a first air flow, using the at least one first pressure-generating device, through a first air path connecting the drying chamber, the at least one first pressure-generating device, the at least one first heat sink, and the at least one moisture-collecting device, thereby removing a first moisture from the portable electronic device to the at least one moisture-collecting device; activating the at least one thermoelectric system, wherein the at least one thermoelectric system has a first polarity, thereby generating a first set of thermal conductivity paths; and generating a second air flow, using the at least one second pressure-generating device, through a second air path connecting the at least one second pressure-generating device and the at least one second heat sink; initiating a charging process, using the at least one controller, based on the first instruction or a second instruction received from the at least one computing device, wherein the charging process comprises: generating at least one electrical current, by engaging the portable electronic device and the at least one power source, through the at least one charging system; and initiating a regeneration process, using the at least one controller, based on the first instruction, the second instruction, or a third instruction received from the at least one computing device, wherein the regeneration process comprises: generating a third air flow, using the at least one first pressure-generating device, through the first air path connecting the drying chamber, the at least one first pressure-generating device, the at least one first heat sink, and the at least one moisture-collecting device, thereby removing a second moisture from the at least one moisture-collecting device to an exterior of the at least one moisture-collecting device; activating the at least one thermoelectric system, wherein the at least one thermoelectric system has a second polarity, thereby generating a second set of thermal conductivity paths; and generating a fourth air flow, using the at least one second pressure-generating device, through the second air path connecting the at least one second pressure-generating device and the at least one second heat sink.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one thermoelectric system is connected to a printed circuit board, the printed circuit board comprising: at least one sensor; the at least one first heat sink; the at least one controller; the at least one charging system; at least one first driver for the at least one first pressure-generating device or the at least one second pressure-generating device; and at least one half-bridge driver.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one thermal transfer device is connected to the at least one wall of the drying chamber directly with a seal or indirectly with a thermal connection.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one first heat sink is thermally connected to the at least one thermal transfer device from an interior of the drying chamber and the at least one thermoelectric system is thermally connected to the at least one thermal transfer device from an exterior of the drying chamber.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the drying chamber is an airtight drying chamber, wherein the at least one thermoelectric system is electrically manipulable and enabled to have thermally variable sides.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the airtight drying chamber utilizes at least one elastomeric seal.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the airtight drying chamber is fabricated using elastomeric material.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one first pressure-generating device generates a static pressure, wherein the static pressure is at least 0.1 inch H.sub.2O and no more than 5 inch H.sub.2O.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one moisture-collecting device generates a dry air flow, wherein the dry air flow has a relative humidity of no less than 5% and no more than 20%.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one moisture-collecting device is heated to at least 190 F. and no more than 225 F., thereby removing moisture from the at least one moisture-collecting device.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Some of the figures shown herein may include dimensions or may have been created from scaled drawings. However, such dimensions, or the relative scaling within a figure, are by way of example only, and not to be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a dryer;

[0035] FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the main components of a dryer;

[0036] FIG. 3 shows a top perspective view of a drying chamber subassembly and a pressure-generating device subassembly of a dryer of FIG. 1;

[0037] FIG. 4 shows a bottom perspective view of a drying chamber subassembly and a pressure-generating device subassembly of a dryer of FIG. 1;

[0038] FIG. 5 shows a top perspective view of a drying chamber contemplated in a dryer;

[0039] FIG. 6 shows a bottom perspective view of a drying chamber contemplated in a dryer;

[0040] FIG. 7 depicts an exploded isometric top view of an air valve and sensor subassembly in a dryer;

[0041] FIG. 8 depicts a isometric bottom view of an air valve and sensor subassembly in a dryer;

[0042] FIG. 9 depicts an exploded isometric bottom view of an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber in a dryer;

[0043] FIG. 10A depicts a bottom view of an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber in a calibration position in a dryer;

[0044] FIG. 10B depicts the air flow when an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber is in the calibration position in the dryer of FIG. 10A;

[0045] FIG. 10C depicts typical relative humidity response curves for relative humidity sensors during a calibration phase when an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber is in the calibration position in the dryer of FIG. 10A;

[0046] FIG. 11A depicts a bottom view of an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber at a regeneration position in a dryer;

[0047] FIG. 11B depicts the air flow with an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber at the regeneration position in the dryer of FIG. 11A;

[0048] FIG. 11C depicts typical relative humidity response curves for relative humidity sensors during a desiccator regeneration phase when an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber is at the regeneration position in the dryer of FIG. 11A;

[0049] FIG. 12A depicts a bottom view of an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber at a drying position in a dryer;

[0050] FIG. 12B depicts the air flow with an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber at the drying position in the dryer of FIG. 12A;

[0051] FIG. 12C depicts typical relative humidity response curves for relative humidity sensors during a drying phase when an air valve and sensor subassembly attached to a drying chamber is at the drying position in the dryer of FIG. 12A;

[0052] FIG. 13 depicts an exploded isometric view of a pressure-generating device and moisture-absorbing substance subassembly in the dryer;

[0053] FIG. 14 depicts an isometric view of an assembled pressure-generating device and moisture-absorbing substance subassembly in the dryer of FIG. 13;

[0054] FIG. 15 depicts a flowchart of the control code algorithm provided to a microcontroller in the dryer of FIG. 13.

[0055] FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of a dry and charge system;

[0056] FIG. 17 shows a cutaway perspective view of a dry and charge system together with a hearing aid charging case;

[0057] FIG. 18 shows a cutaway perspective view of a dry and charge system together with a smart phone inside the dry and charge system

[0058] FIG. 19 shows a top exploded perspective view of a dry and charge system with the main external components of the heat transfer subassembly;

[0059] FIG. 20 shows a top exploded perspective view of the main internal components of a heat transfer technique of a dry and charge system;

[0060] FIG. 21 shows an exploded perspective view of the external and internal heat transfer mechanism in a dry and charge system;

[0061] FIG. 22 depicts a cutaway isometric side view of the air transport paths of the internal and external air movements in a dry and charge system;

[0062] FIG. 23A depicts a schematic diagram for a dry and charge system with a half-bridge driver and thermoelectric device in a forward conducting state;

[0063] FIG. 23B depicts a schematic diagram for a dry and charge system with a half-bridge driver and thermoelectric device in a reverse conducting state;

[0064] FIG. 24 depicts a flow chart for a dry and charge system according to the schematics in FIG. 23A and FIG. 23B;

[0065] FIG. 25 depicts water (H2O) absorption capacity of various common desiccants over time at room temperature;

[0066] FIG. 26 is a graphical representation of typical rechargeable battery charge efficiency curves, depicting the benefits of charging at room temperature or lower.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS

[0067] Methods and apparatuses for drying electronic devices and non-electronic objects are disclosed. Embodiments include methods and apparatuses that utilized a closed-loop air path. Some embodiments control the amount of dry air that is impinged on an electronic device and non-electronic objects that holds moisture. In such embodiments, the dry air that is statically pressurized. Still other embodiments include, using an air valve that is configured to rotate and coupled with a printed circuit board, to switch between multiple plenums. In such embodiments, the air valve is rotated in response to instructions configured to execute a calibration process, drying process, or regeneration process. Further still, in such embodiments, the instructions are provided in response to feedback provided by one or more sensors to control the moisture absorption occurring within a closed loop.

[0068] For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the disclosure, reference is made to selected embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the disclosure is thereby intended; any alterations and further modifications of the described or illustrated embodiments, and any further applications of the principles of the disclosure as illustrated herein are contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the disclosure relates. At least one embodiment of the disclosure is shown in detail, although it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that some features or some combinations of features may not be shown for the sake of clarity.

[0069] Any reference to disclosure within this document is a reference to an embodiment of a family of disclosures, with no single embodiment including features that are necessarily included in all embodiments, unless otherwise stated. Furthermore, although there may be references to advantages provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure, other embodiments may not include those same advantages, or may include different advantages. Any advantages described herein are not to be construed as limiting to any of the claims.

[0070] Specific quantities (spatial dimensions, temperatures, pressures, times, force, resistance, current, voltage, concentrations, wavelengths, frequencies, heat transfer coefficients, dimensionless parameters, etc.) may be used explicitly or implicitly herein, such specific quantities are presented as examples only and are approximate values unless otherwise indicated. Discussions pertaining to specific compositions of matter, if present, are presented as examples only and do not limit the applicability of other compositions of matter, especially other compositions of matter with similar properties, unless otherwise indicated.

[0071] Embodiments of the present disclosure include devices and equipment generally used for drying materials using dry air. Embodiments include methods and apparatuses for drying electronic devices that have been subjected to high humidity conditions. At least one embodiment provides a pressure-generating device within a closed air path where static pressure generated by the pressure-generating device creates an airflow through a moisture-absorbing substance, an air valve, and a drying chamber, thereby subjecting an electronic device housed in the drying chamber to dry air. The pressure-generating device, moisture-absorbing substance, and air valve may be in various sizes. In some embodiments, the air valve's ports may be 25 mm in diameter. The drying chamber may further be in various sizes and also compatible with multiple sizes of pressure-generating devices, moisture-absorbing substances, and air valves. In some embodiments the drying chamber can be comparable in size to a suitcase. The closed air path may be further provided by a sealed drying chamber. In some embodiments, a multi-positional air valve, including but not limited to rotary or sliding air valves, may permit various stages or modes in drying materials. Embodiments may utilize various power sources including but not limited to 12V DC power sources found in vehicles such as cars, boats, or recreational vehicles.

[0072] Further embodiments of the present disclosure include advantages of drying with desiccants at room or lower temperatures while providing charging at the same time. It is known in the art that desiccants have continued and maximized absorption rates at room or lower temperatures. This thermally quiescent condition prevents a desiccant from releasing rather than absorbing moisture. Meanwhile, due to environmental concerns of disposable batteries and state-of-the-art rechargeable battery technology, most personal electronic devices employ rechargeability. To maintain a safe recharging condition, rechargeable batteries incorporate a charge controller for monitoring battery temperature. As the charge controller allows more charge current, the battery temperature increases. The charge controller measures or detects the increase in temperature and reduces the charge current accordingly. This allows a safe, albeit lengthy, charging cycle. In preferred embodiments, battery charging efficiency is maximized by providing room temperature (or lower) environmental charging at the same time as drying. Such charging efficiency can result in increased battery life, increased battery capacity, and decreased charging frequencies. Drying the device while also charging it decreases any potential electromigration or unintended growth of shorts due to copper migrations resulting from the presence of moisture and voltage.

[0073] FIG. 1 shows a perspective front view of a first exemplary embodiment of a dryer 10, with chamber lid 14, drying chamber subassembly 16, lower housing 18, and start-stop switch 15. In some embodiments, start stop switch 15 can be a tactical feel membrane switch with integrated LEDs for dryer condition visual feedback (e.g. calibration, regeneration, or drying modes). Chamber lid 14 and drying chamber subassembly 16 are mated together through twist-lock features 17.

[0074] As best shown in FIG. 2, chamber 20 utilizes chamber O-ring 24 to seal against chamber lid 14 of FIG. 1. Bypass seal plate 22 is firmly attached to the interior bottom of chamber 20 using ultrasonic welding, plastic glue, or equivalent. Gearmotor 25 which is mounted to chamber 20 is depicted with air valve and sensor subassembly 26 together with pressure-generating device and moisture-absorbing substance subassembly 28.

[0075] Referring now to FIG. 3, drying chamber subassembly 16 of FIG. 1 is shown with bypass seal plate 22, gearmotor mounting pocket 30, pinion gear 32, and valve pinion rack 34. Pinion gear 32 is permanently mounted to output shaft of gearmotor 25 of FIG. 2 and is mated with valve pinion rack 34. Gearmotor 25, when powered, can provide rotational force onto valve pinion rack 34 and therefore translate valve pinion rack 34 into rotational movement.

[0076] FIG. 4 which is a bottom perspective view of drying chamber subassembly 16 of FIG. 2 is shown with center pivot point 40, negative pressure plenum 44 and positive pressure plenum 42. Negative pressure plenum 44 together with positive pressure plenum 42 provide air flow means to chamber 20 of FIG. 2. As best shown in FIG. 5, chamber 20 is depicted with bypass channel 50, input port 53, and output port 54. Bypass channel 50 incorporates a raised circumferential edge 56 to allow bypass sealing plate 22 of FIG. 3 to seal against this feature. Conversely, input port 53 and output port 54 are recessed below raised circumferential edge 56 to allow unrestricted air flow. Raised support ribs 58 provide support features for bypass sealing plate 22 to rest on without impeding air flow to input port 53 and output port 54.

[0077] As best shown in FIG. 6, chamber 20 is depicted from the bottom side showing bypass channel ports 62 together with input port 53 and output port 54 of FIG. 5. Position location magnet or optical signal reflection rivet 66 is permanently mounted into chamber 20 and provides a magnetic field or optical reflective surface for position sensing. Bypass channel ports 62, input port 53 and output port 54 are all recessed to permit the mounting of sealing O-rings 65. Sealing O-rings 65 are slightly proud of recessed ports to provide a compliant air-tight seal to any planar surface resting on them with some level of force applied on the planar surface. Non-ported areas 67 and 69 allow for airflow between bypass channel ports 62 and input port 53 and output port 54.

[0078] Referring now to FIG. 7, rotary valve 70 is depicted with valve pinion rack 34 of FIG. 3. Rotary valve 70 captivates sealing O-rings 71 against sensor control board 72 and is fastened together with fasteners 76. Sensor control board 72 contains hall effect or optical reflective sensors 78A, 78B, and 78C and output port humidity sensor 74 and input port humidity sensor 73. Through holes 75 surround input port humidity sensor 73 and output port humidity sensor 74 such that airflow can impinge onto humidity sensors 73 and 74 and flow through input port 53 and output port 54 of FIG. 6. The compressive force imparted onto sealing O-rings 71 through fasteners 76 compressing rotary valve 70 and sensor control board 72 results in an air tight seal between sensor control board 72 and rotary valve 70. Although not shown, the underside of rotary valve 70 can have recessed pockets for sealing O-rings 71 similar to the recessed pockets of FIG. 6.

[0079] As best shown in FIG. 8, the underside of sensor control board 72 is mechanically attached to rotary valve 70 using fasteners 76. Center through hole 82 is used to provide a rotational center point for air valve and sensor subassembly 26. FIG. 9 depicts air valve and sensor subassembly 26 mounted to chamber 20 via captivating fastener 91 and spring 95. Captivating fastener 91 can be a screw, nut, or press-on captivation washer. Spring 95 provides necessary force to air valve and sensor subassembly 26 to allow control sensor board 72 to seal against sealing O-rings 65 of FIG. 6. Pinion gear 32 which mates with valve pinion rack 34 provides a moment about axis 92 and develops rotary motion 93. Valve input port 94 and valve output port 96 allows a means to impinge on input port humidity sensor 73 and output port humidity sensor 74 of FIG. 7.

[0080] FIG. 10A depicts air valve and sensor subassembly 26 in the two and eight o-clock position (111) such that bypass channel 50 of FIG. 5 which is sealed using bypass seal plate 22 of FIG. 3 provides airflow across input port humidity sensor 73, through bypass channel 50, and across output port humidity sensor 74. This position is controlled by the rotation of gearmotor 25 of FIG. 2, pinion gear 32 and valve pinion rack 34 of FIG. 3 and calibration hall effect sensor or optical reflective sensor 78A which is aligned with position location magnet or optical signal reflection rivet 66 of FIG. 6 and electronically locates air valve and sensor subassembly 26 under computer control. Airflow path 101 of FIG. 10B is now engaged via pressure-generating device 105 which pushes air through moisture-absorbing substance 107. Airflow path 101 produces calibration humidity response curves 109 depicted in FIG. 10C which allows for baseline humidity calculation values for input and output humidity sensors 73 and 74 of FIG. 7. Due to airtight, closed loop drying, these readings are stored in microcontroller memory as a baseline micro-environment calibration starting point and therefore desired drying ending point for closed loop device drying.

[0081] FIG. 11A depicts air valve and sensor subassembly 26 in the three and nine o-clock position (112) which is the desiccant regeneration position. In the three and nine o-clock position, the air valve and sensor subassembly 26 are positioned such that through holes 75 of FIG. 8 are directly in-between bypass channel ports 62, input port 53 and output port 54 of FIG. 6. This provides an air valve and sensor subassembly 26 position which disengages flow to the airtight chamber altogether. Air flow path 102 depicted in FIG. 11B flows through non-ported exhaust channel 67 and non-ported input channel 69 of FIG. 6 and between bypass channel ports 62 and input port 63 and output port 64. Air flows across input port humidity sensor 73, through non-ported exhaust channel 67 and non-ported input channel 69 and across output port humidity sensor 74. The three and nine o-clock position is controlled by regen hall effect sensor or optical reflective sensor 78B which is aligned with position location magnet or optical signal reflection rivet 66. Again referring to FIG. 11B, Airflow path 102 is now engaged via pressure-generating device 105 which pushes moisture laden air through moisture-absorbing substance 107 being baked by perforated desiccant heater 108. Airflow path 102 ensures moisture laden air being sampled on input port humidity sensor 73 response is compared to output port humidity sensor 74 response and continues a baking sequence until input port humidity sensor 73 response converges to output port humidity sensor 74 response.

[0082] FIG. 12A depicts air valve and sensor subassembly 26 of FIG. 9 in the four and ten o-clock position (120) such that input port 53 of FIG. 6 provides airflow across input port humidity sensor 73 of FIG. 7, through chamber 20 of FIG. 2 interior, across output port humidity sensor 74 of FIG. 7 and output port 54 of FIG. 6. This position is controlled by hall effect sensor or optical reflective sensor 78C which is aligned with position location magnet or optical signal reflection rivet 66. Airflow path 103 of FIG. 12B is now engaged via pressure-generating device 105 which pushes air through moisture-absorbing substance 107. As the airflow flows across the desiccant, the humidity of the airflow drops below 20% relative humidity. This closed loop drying path 103 produces a low-humidity environment at room ambient temperature and allows for consistent and reliable moisture uptake in any device within chamber 20 interior. The airflow on Airflow path 103 has a flow rate of at least 2 CFM and no more than 4 CFM. The combination of the flow rate, low relative humidity, and room ambient temperature maximizes evaporation of water. Any moisture entrained inside in any device within chamber 20 interior will migrate out through the device's plastic due to the hygroscopic quality of plastic. In some embodiments, the air volume within chamber 20 interior may be decreased while the static pressure generated by pressure-generating device 105 is increased to further expedite the moisture uptake.

[0083] Airflow path 103 of FIG. 12B produces humidity response curves 110 depicted in FIG. 12C which allows for moisture laden air being sampled on output port humidity sensor 74 response to be compared to input port humidity sensor 73 response and continues a drying sequence until output port humidity sensor 74 response converges to input port humidity sensor 73 response saved in memory during calibration. These response curves are compared to baseline response curves 109 of FIG. 10C which allows a drying endpoint to be calculated.

[0084] As best shown in FIG. 13, pressure-generating device and moisture-absorbing substance subassembly 28 is depicted in an exploded view. Pressure-generating device 130 utilizes seals 131 to provide an airtight seal against input header 135 and desiccator grill 132. Desiccator regenerative heater 134 is captivated between desiccator pouches 133 and held together by desiccator grill 132 and output header 136. Input header 135 utilizes suction plenum 44 to draw air in from drying chamber subassembly 16 of FIG. 1, while output header 136 incorporates pressure plenum 42 to push air into drying chamber subassembly 16 of FIG. 1. Suction plenum 44 and pressure plenum 42 utilize o-rings for air-tight sealing purposes and snap features to mechanically couple to valve input port 44 and valve output port 96 of FIG. 9. Once assembled, pressure-generating device and moisture-absorbing substance subassembly 28 is shown in FIG. 14 as an assembled stack utilizing fasteners 144 to compress input header 135 and pressure output 136 thus providing an airtight subassembly.

[0085] FIG. 15 describes the control code algorithms which allow the calibration, desiccant regeneration, and drying phases of the dryer. The process is started with moving the valve to the calibration position of FIG. 10, sampling the humidity sensors 73 and 74 of FIG. 7, and if the humidity is greater than 20%, moving the valve to the desiccant regeneration position of FIG. 11. During calibration, the humidity threshold may be adjusted to compensate for temperature increases in the humidity sensors 73 and 74 in order to increase the accuracy of humidity readings. Once position of FIG. 11A is achieved, the desiccator regenerative heater 134 of FIG. 13 is powered and the desiccant bakes out the moisture which has been entrained. Humidity sensors are constantly sampled until the humidity drops below 20% which signifies the desiccant is dried to a point whereby it can now produce an ultra-dry micro environment. In some embodiments, the dryer can be configured to maintain a different humidity level for purposes of maintaining products for which humidity level is critical for optimal usage, such as tobacco products, medical marijuana, and leather products like baseballs. Then, air valve and sensor subassembly 26 of FIG. 9 is moved to the position in FIG. 12A and humidity sensors 73 and 74 are once again constantly sampled. Once the humidity values are within +/1% of each other, the closed loop is not taking up any additional moisture and the device is dry.

[0086] As shown in FIG. 16, a perspective front view of a first exemplary embodiment of a dry and charge device 160, with outer heat transfer unit 161, drying chamber subassembly 162, lower housing base 163, start-stop switch 165, and LED indicator 167. In some embodiments, start stop switch 165 can be a tactical feel membrane switch with integrated LEDs for dryer condition visual feedback (e.g. drying mode, reactivation mode, or charging mode). Drying chamber subassembly 162 and lower housing base 163 are mated together through an elastomeric material 168 on the edge of drying chamber subassembly 162. In some embodiments, lower housing base 163 can be a flat elastomeric pad which is self-sealing against drying chamber subassembly 162.

[0087] As shown in FIG. 17, dry and charge device 160 is depicted with a cutaway of drying chamber subassembly 162 of FIG. 16, hearing aid charging case 172, and charging cord 170.

[0088] Referring now to FIG. 18, dry and charge device 160 is shown with a cutaway of drying chamber subassembly 162 of FIG. 16, smart phone 182, and charging cord 180. In other embodiments, any device other than smart phones or hearing aid charging cases can be housed within drying chamber subassembly 162 and be subjected to cool and dry recirculating air and power for charging. Charging cord 180 FIG. 18 and charging cord 170 of FIG. 17 are normally powered via USB-C receptacle which is universally recognized as a 5 V DC source, however, any USB receptacle could be contemplated for use.

[0089] FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view of a dry and charge system 160 of FIG. 16, showing an outer subassembly housing thermoelectric module 190, exterior heat sink 192, exterior pressure generator 194, thermal insulating pads 196, heat transfer plate 197, printed circuit board controller 198, and exterior housing 191. In preferred embodiments, heat transfer plate 197 is overmolded into drying chamber subassembly 162 to maintain an integral, airtight seal. Heat transfer plate 197 is preferably made from aluminium having a thickness in the range from 0.0625 to 0.1875 and a width to match the width of thermoelectric module 190. Heat transfer plate 197 could also be made from steel, copper, or any other metal or metal alloy which provides adequate heat transfer characteristics. In preferred embodiments, the width of heat transfer plate 197 is approximately 40 mm-60 mm, and heat transfer plate 197 mates with a 40 mm thermoelectric module 190 producing 40 W-60 W of thermal cooling. Exterior heat sink 192 has a length of approximately 70 mm-100 mm which provides adequate heat dissipation for 40 W-60 W thermoelectric module 190. In other embodiments, the dimensions of exterior heat sink 192 can vary depending on the drying capacity application. Exterior pressure generator 194 is preferably 2 CFM-10 CFM which transports air from exterior housing intake 195, across exterior heat sink 192, and exhausted through exterior housing exhaust port 199.

[0090] FIG. 20, an exploded perspective view of a dry and charge system 160, shows an interior subassembly housing interior heat sink 202, interior pressure generator 204, and interior housing 206. Interior pressure generator 204 is preferably matched to exterior pressure generator 194 of FIG. 19 which is 2 CFM-10 CFM in capacity. Interior pressure generator 204 collects air through interior housing intake 207, forces the air across interior heat sink 202, and exhausts the air out of inner exhaust port 208. Interior housing 206, which is preferably plastic injection molded from high temperature plastic such as Ultem 1000, provides a tight fit over interior pressure generator 204 and interior heat sink 202 such that air can be channelled efficiently across interior heat sink 202.

[0091] As shown in FIG. 21, thermal conductivity paths 212, 214, and 216 are provided when thermoelectric module 190 of FIG. 19 is energized. When thermoelectric module 190 is energized in the forward conducting scheme, thermoelectric module exterior side 210 is heated while thermoelectric module interior side 211 is cooled. Heat energy 212 is transferred to exterior heat sink 192, while cooling energy 214 is transferred to heat transfer plate 197 which transfers cooling energy 216 to interior heat sink 202. Desiccant 218 which is embedded within interior heat sink 202 cools down based on cooling capacity and heat transfer paths 214 and 216.

[0092] Referring now to FIG. 22, exterior airflow path 220 and interior airflow path 222 are generated when the dry and charge system is operating. Exterior airflow path 220 is enabled through exterior pressure generator 194 being energized while interior airflow path 222 is enabled through interior pressure generator 204 being energized.

[0093] FIG. 23A is a schematic diagram depicting electronic controls of a preferred embodiment for the dry and charge system 160. Half bridge driver 230 is controlled via a microcontroller in such a manner as to allow transistors 231A and 232A to conduct (ON state) while transistors 233A and 234A are non-conducting (OFF state). This permits thermoelectric device 190 of FIG. 19 to run in the forward conducting electrical path and enables heating of thermoelectric module exterior side 210 while cooling of thermoelectric module interior side 211.

[0094] Referring now to FIG. 23B, a schematic diagram depicts electronic controls of a preferred embodiment for dry and charge system 160. Half bridge driver 230 is controlled via microcontroller in such a manner as to allow transistors 233B and 234B to conduct (ON state) while transistors 231B and 232B are non-conducting (OFF state). This permits thermoelectric device 160 to run in the reverse conducting electrical path and enables thermoelectric module exterior side 210 to cool while thermoelectric module interior side 211 heats.

[0095] FIG. 24 describes the control code algorithms which allow the charging, drying, and desiccant reactivation/regeneration phases of the dry and charge system.

[0096] FIG. 25 shows the water absorption capacity of various desiccants with slopes of absorption over time at room temperature. These curves, which manufacturers of desiccants specify, demonstrate that desiccants have the highest efficiencies at lower temperatures, which is the ideal conditions to utilize said desiccants for drying. Silica gel desiccant provides the fastest and highest water absorption rate while molecular sieve provides equally fast absorption rates within the first 2 hours.

[0097] Now referring to FIG. 26, a graphical representation of battery charging efficiencies is depicted at various temperatures over time. Based on the data, it can be understood the maximum charge efficiency occurs with lower temperatures, thus allowing faster charge times.

[0098] In general, the dry and charge system works as follows: a user places a hearing aid case/charger 172 or a smart phone 182 under drying chamber subassembly 162 and connects charging cord 170 or charging cord 180. The user depresses start/stop button 165 and LED indicator light 167 lights up with microcontroller control and indicates drying and charging is underway. The microcontroller biases thermoelectric module 190 in the forward conducting scheme and allows cooling of interior heat sink 202 while heating exterior heat sink 192. Simultaneously, exterior pressure generator 194 and interior pressure generator 204 energize and generate air path 220 and air path 222. Airpath 222 recirculates cool air which is generated from interior heat sink 192 which also cools desiccant 218. This cooling of desiccant 218 of FIG. 21 produces the highest capacity to absorb water as depicted in the H2O Capacity of Common Desiccants. In preferred embodiments, silica gel or molecular sieve are utilized for the greatest absorption efficiency capacity within the first 2 hours at room temperature. As drying commences, power to charging cord 170 of FIG. 17 or charging code 180 is energized via turning on a 5V regulator. The hearing aid case/charger 172 or smart phone 182 are now subjected to a room temperature environment which permits the maximum charging efficiency possible. Once drying and charging is completed, the user disconnects the device being dried and charged. Microcontroller schematic senses this disconnection vis--vis current monitor circuitry. Microcontroller commands half bridge controller to provide power to thermoelectric module 190 in a reverse conducting scheme. This now reverses the heat and cooling of thermoelectric module 190 as shown in FIG. 23B. This reversal of heating and cooling allows interior heat sink 202 to heat to 190 F.-225 F. and thus bakes out (reactivates) the desiccant for future drying/moisture absorption.

[0099] The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. application Ser. No. 18/228,504 (filed on Jul. 31, 2023 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES). U.S. application Ser. No. 18/228,504 is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/134,492. The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/134,492 (filed on Dec. 27, 2020, entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 11,713,924). U.S. application Ser. No. 17/134,492 is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/854,862. The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/854,862 (filed on Apr. 21, 2020, entitled METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,876,792). U.S. application Ser. No. 16/854,862 is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/575,306. The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/575,306 (filed on Sep. 18, 2019, entitled METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,690,413). U.S. application Ser. No. 16/575,306 is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/363,742. The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/363,742 (filed on Mar. 25, 2019, entitled METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,928,135). U.S. application Ser. No. 16/363,742 is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/979,446. The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/979,446 (filed on May 14, 2018, entitled METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,240,867). U.S. application Ser. No. 15/979,446 is a continuation in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/811,633.

[0100] The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/811,633 (filed on Nov. 13, 2017 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES), and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,970,708, for all purposes. U.S. application Ser. No. 15/811,633 is a continuation in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/688,551.

[0101] The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/688,551 (filed on Aug. 28, 2017 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES), and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,816,757, for all purposes. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/688,551 is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/478,992. The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/478,992 (filed on Apr. 4, 2017 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES), and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,746,241, for all purposes. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/478,992 is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/369,742, which as indicated below, is also incorporated by reference for all purposes. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/478,992 is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/369,742, filed on Dec. 5, 2016, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,644,891, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/213,142, filed Mar. 14, 2014 issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,513,053, which claims priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/782,985, filed Mar. 14, 2013, which are all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, for all purposes. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/369,742 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/665,008, filed Mar. 23, 2015, which is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/756,879, filed Feb. 1, 2013, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/638,599, filed Apr. 26, 2012, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/593,617, filed Feb. 1, 2012, all of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety, for all purposes.

[0102] U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/213,142 is a non-provisional application of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/782,985 (filed Mar. 14, 2013 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES), which are all incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.

[0103] The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/213,142 (filed on Mar. 14, 2014 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES) for all purposes. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/213,142 is a non-provisional application of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/782,985 (filed Mar. 14, 2013 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES), which is also incorporated by reference in entirety for all purposes.

[0104] The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/665,008 (filed on Mar. 23, 2015 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES) for all purposes. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/665,008 is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/756,879 (filed Feb. 1, 2013 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES). The present application incorporates by reference the entirety of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/756,879 (filed Feb. 1, 2013 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING ELECTRONIC DEVICES). The U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/756,879 is a non-provisional application of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/638,599 (filed Apr. 26, 2012 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING AND DISINFECTING PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES) and 61/593,617 (filed Feb. 1, 2012 and entitled, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DRYING PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES), which are all also incorporated by reference in entirety for all purposes.

[0105] Some embodiments include one or more microprocessors (or one or more processors) which can be a microcontroller, general or specific purpose microprocessor, or generally any type of controller that can perform the requisite control functions. The microprocessor can reads its program from a memory, and may be comprised of one or more components configured as a single unit. Alternatively, when of a multi-component form, the microprocessor may have one or more components located remotely relative to the others. One or more components of the microprocessor may be of the electronic variety including digital circuitry, analog circuitry, or both. In one embodiment, the microprocessor is of a conventional, integrated circuit microprocessor arrangement, such as one or more CORE i7 HEXA processors from INTEL Corporation (450 Mission College Boulevard, Santa Clara, Calif. 95052, USA), ATHLON or PHENOM processors from Advanced Micro Devices (One AMD Place, Sunnyvale, Calif. 94088, USA), POWER8 processors from IBM Corporation (1 New Orchard Road, Armonk, N.Y. 10504, USA), or PIC Microcontrollers from Microchip Technologies (2355 West Chandler Boulevard, Chandler, Ariz. 85224, USA). In alternative embodiments, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), reduced instruction-set computing (RISC) processors, general-purpose microprocessors, programmable logic arrays, or other devices may be used alone or in combination as will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0106] Likewise, some embodiments include one or more memories or memory systems. A memory may include one or more types such as solid-state electronic memory, magnetic memory, or optical memory, just to name a few. By way of non-limiting example, a memory can include solid-state electronic Random Access Memory (RAM), Sequentially Accessible Memory (SAM) (such as the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) variety or the Last-In First-Out (LIFO) variety), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), or Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM); an optical disc memory (such as a recordable, rewritable, or read-only DVD or CD-ROM); a magnetically encoded hard drive, floppy disk, tape, or cartridge medium; or a plurality and/or combination of these memory types. Also, a memory may be volatile, nonvolatile, or a hybrid combination of volatile and nonvolatile varieties. A memory in various embodiments is encoded with programming instructions executable by a microprocessor to perform the automated methods disclosed herein.

[0107] While illustrated examples, representative embodiments and specific forms of the disclosure have been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive or limiting. The description of particular features in one embodiment does not imply that those particular features are necessarily limited to that one embodiment. Features of one embodiment may be used in combination with features of other embodiments as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, whether or not explicitly described as such. Exemplary embodiments have been shown and described, and all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the disclosure are desired to be protected.

[0108] Any transmission, reception, connection, or communication may occur using any short-range (e.g., Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, near field communication, Wi-Fi Direct, etc.) or long-range communication mechanism (e.g., Wi-Fi, cellular, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, any transmission, reception, connection, or communication may occur using wired technologies. Any transmission, reception, or communication may occur directly between systems or indirectly via one or more systems.

[0109] The term signal, signals, data, or information may refer to a single signal or multiple signals. Any reference to a signal may be a reference to an attribute of the signal, and any reference to a signal attribute may refer to a signal associated with the signal attribute. As used herein, the term real-time or dynamically in any context may refer to any of current, immediately after, simultaneously as, substantially simultaneously as, a few microseconds after, a few milliseconds after, a few seconds after, a few minutes after, a few hours after, a few days after, a period of time after, etc. In some embodiments, any operation used herein may be interchangeably used with the term transform or transformation.

[0110] The present disclosure provides several important technical advantages that will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the figures, descriptions, and claims. Moreover, while specific advantages have been enumerated above, various embodiments may include all, some, or none of the enumerated advantages. Any sentence or statement in this disclosure may be associated with one or more embodiments. Reference numerals are provided in the specification for the first instance of an element that is numbered in the figures. In some embodiments, the reference numerals for the first instance of the element are also applicable to subsequent instances of the element in the specification even though reference numerals may not be provided for the subsequent instances of the element.

[0111] While various embodiments in accordance with the disclosed principles have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and are not limiting. Thus, the breadth and scope of the disclosure(s) should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the claims and their equivalents issuing from this disclosure. Furthermore, the above advantages and features are provided in described embodiments, but shall not limit the application of such issued claims to processes and structures accomplishing any or all of the above advantages.

[0112] Additionally, the section headings herein are provided for consistency with the suggestions under 37 C.F.R. 1.77 or otherwise to provide organizational cues. These headings shall not limit or characterize the disclosure(s) set out in any claims that may issue from this disclosure. Specifically, a description of a technology in the Background is not to be construed as an admission that technology is prior art to any disclosure(s) in this disclosure. Neither is the Summary to be considered as a characterization of the disclosure(s) set forth in issued claims. Furthermore, any reference in this disclosure to disclosure in the singular should not be used to argue that there is only a single point of novelty in this disclosure. Multiple disclosures may be set forth according to the limitations of the multiple claims issuing from this disclosure, and such claims accordingly define the disclosure(s), and their equivalents, that are protected thereby. In all instances, the scope of such claims shall be considered on their own merits in light of this disclosure, but should not be constrained by the headings herein.