CONTACTLESS HIGH POWER RF CONNECTOR

Abstract

A RF connector includes a first conductor and a symmetrical second conductor. Each conductor has an elongated structure of a flat conductive material with a length corresponding to of a nominal frequency of a signal to be coupled and is connected at a first end to a coaxial connector and at a second end to the housing. The RF connector can be switched between an ON state and an OFF state. In the OFF state, the first conductor is distant from the second conductor and in the ON state the first conductor is in close contact with the second conductor such that open sides of their respective housings are oriented against each other, and the conductors are facing each other.

Claims

1.-15. (canceled)

16. An RF connector comprising a first coupler section, a second coupler section symmetrical to the first coupler section, and at least one housing, wherein the first coupler section comprises a first conductor, and the second coupler section comprises a second conductor, wherein each of the first conductor and the second conductor: comprises an elongated structure of a flat conductive material, is recessed against an outer surface of the at least one housing, has a length corresponding to or a multiple of of a nominal wavelength of a signal to be coupled, is connected at a first end thereof to a coaxial connector, and is connected at a second end thereof to the at least one housing, wherein the RF connector is configured to be switched between an ON state and an OFF state by moving one of the first conductor and the second conductor against the other of the first conductor and the second conductor, wherein in the OFF state, the first conductor is distant from the second conductor and in the ON state the first conductor is in close proximity to the second conductor such that the first and second conductors are facing each other, and wherein the RF connector comprises a mechanical support structure to guide a relative movement of the first and second conductors between respective on-positions corresponding to the ON state and respective off-positions corresponding to the OFF state and to hold the first and second conductors in said positions.

17. An RF connector according to claim 16, comprising at least one actuator configured to move the first conductor.

18. An RF connector according to claim 16, wherein both the first and second conductors are contained in the at least one housing holding both the first and second conductors.

19. An RF connector according to claim 18, further comprising at least one capacitive short circuit element located at an off-position of at least one of the first and second conductors and configured to provide capacitive coupling between the at least one of the first and second conductors and the at least one housing.

20. An RF connector according to claim 18, further comprising at least one galvanic short circuit element located at an off-position of at least one of the first and second conductors and configured to provide a galvanic short circuit between the at least one of the first and second conductors and the at least one housing.

21. An RF connector according claim 16, wherein the first and second conductors are arranged slidable sidewards and parallel against each other and/or the first and second conductors are arranged slidably perpendicular to straight sections of the first and second conductors.

22. An RF connector according to claim 16, wherein in the ON state: each of the first and second conductors is arranged in a separate corresponding plane, the separate corresponding planes of the first and second conductors are parallel and the first and second conductors are mirror-symmetrical about a symmetry plane between the separate corresponding planes, wherein the symmetry plane is parallel to the separate corresponding planes and/or the first and second conductors are separated by a constant distance.

23. An RF connector according to claim 16, wherein in the ON state: the first and second conductors are separated by a distance that is smaller than 1/10 of a nominal wavelength of a signal to be coupled.

24. An RF connector according to claim 23, wherein each of the first and second conductors has a curved shape.

25. An RF connector according to claim 16, wherein each of the first and second conductors has an I shape or a U shape.

26. An RF connector according to claim 16, wherein each of the first and second conductors is a flat conductor and has a first straight section and at least one second straight section parallel to the first straight section wherein each of present straight sections is interconnected to a neighboring straight section by a traverse section.

27. An RF connector according to claim 16, further comprising a sealing strip and/or gasket at an open side of the at least one housing to improve electrical contact.

28. An RF connector according to claim 16, further comprising a cover dimensioned to cover at least one open side of a coupler section of the first and second coupler sections in an OFF state.

29. An RF connector according to claim 16, further comprising at least one matching plate between the at least one housing and a conductor of the first and second conductors, the at least one matching plate being adjustable to change a distance separating the at least one matching plate from said conductor.

30. An RF connector according to claim 16, further comprising at least one tuning rod configured to bend at least one of the first and second conductors to modify a distance between first and second the conductors.

31. An RF connector according to claim 30, wherein the at least one tuning rod includes a dielectric material.

32. An RF connector according to claim 29, wherein the at least one matching plate includes a dielectric material or a conductive material that is electrically connected to the at least one housing.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In the following the invention will be described by way of example, without limitation of the general inventive concept, on examples of embodiment with reference to the drawings.

[0029] FIG. 1 shows a coupler section of a first embodiment.

[0030] FIG. 2 shows a full RF connector.

[0031] FIG. 3 shows a side view of a first coupler section and a second coupler section in a mated state.

[0032] FIG. 4 shows a basic topology of a twofold coupler.

[0033] FIG. 5 discloses a single-line coupler.

[0034] FIG. 6 shows a threefold coupler.

[0035] FIG. 7 shows a fourfold coupler.

[0036] FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment in an OFF state

[0037] FIG. 9 shows the second embodiment in an ON state

[0038] FIG. 10 shows a side view of the second embodiment.

[0039] FIG. 11 shows a basic topology of a twofold coupler.

[0040] FIG. 12 discloses a single-line coupler.

[0041] FIG. 13 shows a threefold coupler.

[0042] FIG. 14 shows a fourfold coupler.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] FIGS. 1 to 7 relate to a first embodiment.

[0044] In FIG. 1, a coupler section 200 is shown. In a full connector, two preferably identical sections are arranged symmetrically. Here, a first coupler section 200 is described in detail. The coupler section 200 includes a housing 210 holding a conductor 220. The conductor is in an open cavity 212 slightly recessed below the surface of the housing 210, such that it does not protrude outside of the housing. The housing may be of solid metal or any other suitable conductive material, forming the cavity 212 for the conductor. In the embodiment shown in this Figure, the cavity 212 has a U-shape for holding a U-shaped conductor. This U-shape has been selected to reduce the length of the housing. Therefore, the conductor has a first straight section 222 and a second straight section 224 coupled by a traverse section 223. The traverse section 223 may have chamfered edges to minimize reflections. The conductor 220 has a total length including the first straight section 222, traverse section 223, and second straight section 224. All sections having a total length of about or multiple of of the wavelength of the wavelength of a signal to be transmitted. The conductor 220 has a short circuit at its short circuit end 228 at one end to the section housing 210. At the opposing end, it has a connector section 221 which may be connected to a coaxial connector 240.

[0045] Further, matching components may be provided, like a first matching plate 231 and/or a second matching plate 233. These matching plates are optional and may be adjusted such that the coupler provides a desired impedance like 50 Ohm in a desired frequency range. The coupler may be designed for an operating frequency anywhere in a range between 10 Megahertz and 10 Gigahertz. The length of the conductor has to be matched accordingly. The relative operating bandwidth may be between 2% and 20% of the nominal bandwidth, for which the length of the conductor has been designed.

[0046] FIG. 2 shows a full RF connector 100 including a first coupler section 200 and a second coupler section 300. The internal structure of the first coupler section 200 and the second coupler section 300 is the same. Therefore, they have the same cavity 212, the same conductor 220, and they may also have the same matching plates 231, 233. Both couplers may be mechanically coupled by a housing (not shown) or by a guiding system or by any other suitable coupling means. Here, for example, a first guide rail 170 and a second guide rail 180 are shown. The guide rails may basically be the same. Here, the second guide rail 180 has a first guide slot 182 and a second guide slot 184. The first guide rail 170 may have the same slots. Further, the second coupler section 300 may have a pair of pins including a first guide pin 382 which may be guided by the first guide slot 182, and a second guide pin 384 which may be guided by the second guide slot 184. This pin and slot mechanism allows sliding of the second coupler section 300 in a direction 190 towards and over the first coupler section, such that it may cover the first coupler section completely. In the configuration as shown, the first coupler section 200 and the second coupler section 300 are distant from each other, such that there is no coupling between these coupler sections. After the second coupler section 300 has been moved in direction 190 over the first coupler section 200, such that it fully covers the first coupler section 200, there is a good coupling with very low coupling losses.

[0047] As this RF connector 100 is symmetrical, either coaxial connector at the first coupler section 200 or the second coupler section 300 may be used as an input whereas the other may be used as an output.

[0048] This configuration basically allows for two different states, an ON-state, where the coupler sections cover each other, and an OFF state, where the coupler sections are distant. This may be used for switching signals and/or RF power. As the coupling is without galvanic contact, switching is also without interrupting a mechanical contact. Therefore, there is no contact and no arcing. Further, the connection has a very low passive intermodulation.

[0049] FIG. 3 shows a side view of a first coupler section 200 and a second coupler section 300 in a mated state, where the coupler sections cover each other. Here it is shown that due to the symmetrical arrangement, above the location of the second coaxial connector 340 of the second coupler section 300 is the short circuit at the short circuit end 228 of conductor 220 of the first coupler section 200. Further, it is shown that the conductor 220 of the first coupler section 200 is slightly distant from the conductor 320 of the second coupler section 300. Due to the recessed position of the conductors in the cavity, there remains a gap between the conductors. This results in a contactless coupling between the coupler sections. Here, the coupler sections are held by a housing 110 which may also allow sliding them against each other. The matching plates may have a support like support 234 at matching plate 233. This support may allow height adjustment, such to move the matching plate closer or more distant to the conductor 220. Support 234 may include a dielectric material. It may further include a thread.

[0050] Further, at least one tuning rod may be included, like a first tuning rod 235 at the first conductor 220 and a second tuning rod 236 at the second conductor 320. There may be multiple tuning rods. A tuning rod may be configured to bend at least one of the conductors to modify the distance between the conductors.

[0051] FIG. 4 schematically shows a basic topology of a twofold coupler 420, as described above.

[0052] In FIG. 5, a single-line coupler 410 which is a modification of the twofold coupler 420 shown above but based on the same coupling principle. Such a coupler may be used at shorter wavelengths corresponding to higher frequencies, where it is not necessary to fold the line to reduce the length of the coupler.

[0053] FIG. 6 shows a threefold coupler 430, where the line is folded into three sections. This allows further reduction of space, specifically for lower frequencies.

[0054] FIG. 7 shows the basic concept of a fourfold coupler 440 which is similar to the couplers shown before, but with a line folded four times to further reduce size of the coupler.

[0055] FIGS. 8 to 14 relate to a second embodiment which is very similar to the first embodiment, such that only differences are explained.

[0056] In FIG. 8, the second embodiment is shown in an OFF state. In this embodiment, a first coupler section 200, a symmetrical second coupler section 300 are held in a common housing 510. For switching between an OFF state and an ON state, at least one of the coupler sections is moved relative to the other coupler section within the common housing. In the OFF state shown in this figure, the first coupler section 200 is displaced e.g., upwards, such that the first conductor 220 of first coupler section 200 is distant from, e.g., not overlapping the second conductor 320 of second coupler section 300. Further, at least one of the conductors may be in proximity of a short circuit element 230, such that there is a capacitive coupling between the common housing 510 and the at least one of the conductors via the short circuit element 230. There may be multiple short circuit elements which may be arranged close to multiple sections, which may be the straight sections of a conductor in the position of an OFF state.

[0057] The first conductor 220 includes first straight section 222, traverse section 223, and second straight section 224. All sections having a total length of about of the wavelength or multiple of of the wavelength of a signal to be transmitted. The first conductor 220 has a short circuit at its short circuit end 228 to the housing 510. At the opposing end, it has a connector section 221 which may be connected to a coaxial connector 240.

[0058] For operating the switch, the first conductor 220 may be relatively movable against the second conductor 320. As long as such a relative movement is provided, it is not relevant which conductor is actually moved and which conductor is at a fixed position. Even both conductors may be moved at the same time.

[0059] To make the first conductor 220 movable against the fixed second conductor 320, the connector section 221 may include a telescopic line, which may be variable in length. Such a telescopic line may have a first circular conductor which is slidably within a larger second circular conductor. There may be radial contact springs between the first circular conductor and the second circular conductor. A telescopic line may also include two flat conductors slidably against each other, which may be in galvanic or capacitive contact. Further, a sliding contact 239 may be provided for a short circuit connection to the housing 510 at the short circuit end 228 of the first conductor 220. The sliding contact may include at least one contact spring which may include a contact material like brass or steel or any other suitable material and may have a conductive surface which may include a contact material like silver or gold.

[0060] The first conductor 220 may have a support by a guide block 237 which may have a means for slidably guiding the first conductor 220. The guide block 237 may have a groove in which the first conductor 220 may slide. The guide block 237 may further support and stabilize the second conductor 320. The guide block may include dielectric material to prevent a short circuit between the conductors and to the ground. The short circuit end 228 of the first conductor 220 may be slidably guided in a groove 238 at or within the housing 510. For movement of the first conductor 220, an actuator 250 may be provided. This may be a rod of dielectric material. The actuator 250 may allow to move the first conductor 220, e.g., in a linear movement. The actuator 250 may be operated manually or driven by a motor (not shown). When the motor does not move, it may hold the first conductor at its actual position. The actuator may also include a gear or geared rod or any other suitable means for performing a linear movement.

[0061] The first conductor 220 may be positioned at any position between the off-position shown in FIG. 8, where the conductors are distant from each other and the on-position as shown in FIG. 9, where conductors are close to each other.

[0062] The second conductor 320 includes first straight section 322, traverse section 323, and second straight section 324. All sections having a total length of about of the wavelength or multiple of of the wavelength of a signal to be transmitted. The second conductor 320 has a short circuit 328 at one end to the housing 510. At the opposing end, it has a connector section 321 which may be connected to a coaxial connector 340. The connector section 321 may be variable in length.

[0063] In FIG. 9, the second embodiment is shown in an ON state. In this state, the first coupler section 200 is in close proximity to the second coupler section 300 such that the conductors 220, 320 are facing each other.

[0064] FIG. 10 shows a side view of the second embodiment. It shows the conductors 220, 320 facing each other in an ON state, resulting in a small gap between the conductors.

[0065] FIG. 11 schematically shows a basic topology of a twofold coupler 520, as described above. Here, for clarity only one conductor is shown. The second conductor is symmetrical thereto. In the following also only one conductor is shown.

[0066] In FIG. 12, a single-line coupler 510, which is a modification of the twofold coupler 520 shown above but based on the same coupling principle. Such a coupler may be used at shorter wavelengths corresponding to higher frequencies, where it is not necessary to fold the line to reduce the length of the coupler.

[0067] FIG. 13 shows a threefold coupler 530, where the line is folded into three sections. This allows further reduction of space, specifically for lower frequencies.

[0068] FIG. 14 shows the basic concept of a fourfold coupler 540, which is similar to the couplers shown before, but with a line folded four times to further reduce size of the coupler.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0069] 100 RF connector [0070] 110 housing [0071] 170 first guiderail [0072] 180 second guiderail [0073] 182 first guide slot [0074] 184 second guide slot [0075] 190 direction of movement [0076] 200 first coupler section [0077] 210 first section housing [0078] 212 cavity [0079] 220 first conductor [0080] 221 connector section [0081] 222 first straight section [0082] 223 traverse section [0083] 224 second straight section [0084] 228 short circuit end of conductor [0085] 230 short circuit element [0086] 231 first matching plate [0087] 233 second matching plate [0088] 234 matching plate support [0089] 235 tuning rod at first conductor [0090] 236 tuning rod at second conductor [0091] 237 guide block [0092] 238 guide groove [0093] 239 sliding contact [0094] 240 first coaxial connector [0095] 250 actuator [0096] 300 second coupler section [0097] 310 second section housing [0098] 320 second conductor [0099] 321 connector section [0100] 322 first straight section [0101] 323 traverse section [0102] 324 second straight section [0103] 328 short circuit [0104] 340 second coaxial connector [0105] 382 first guide pin [0106] 384 second guide pin [0107] 410 single line coupler [0108] 420 two fold coupler [0109] 430 three fold coupler [0110] 440 four fold coupler [0111] 510 common housing [0112] 512 cavity