SURFACE LAYER, OPTICAL MEMBER, EYEGLASSES, AND MATERIAL FOR FORMING SURFACE LAYER
20250035822 ยท 2025-01-30
Inventors
Cpc classification
C09D123/025
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
G02B1/18
PHYSICS
International classification
G02B1/18
PHYSICS
Abstract
A surface layer comprising at least a component A and a component B, wherein the component A has a siloxane segment containing a siloxane bond, the component B is an alkyl compound having an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond, and having a structure represented by a specific general formula, and compositional ratio of the component B to the component A in the surface layer is from 0.04 to 3.00.
Claims
1. A surface layer comprising at least a component A and a component B, wherein the component A has a siloxane segment containing a siloxane bond, the component B is an alkyl compound having an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond, and having a structure represented by a following general formula (3):
2. The surface layer according to claim 1, wherein the siloxane segment containing a siloxane bond is at least one segment selected from the group consisting of dimethylsiloxane segment, diphenylsiloxane segment, methylphenylsiloxane segment, methylhydrogensiloxane segment, and phenylhydrogensiloxane segment.
3. The surface layer according to claim 1, wherein the component A is a compound having a structure represented by a following general formula (2):
4. The surface layer according to claim 1, wherein the segment represented by Y comprises a segment containing at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a following formulae (Y-1) to (Y-10): ##STR00029## the k.sub.1, k.sub.2, k.sub.3, k.sub.4, k.sub.8, k.sub.6, k.sub.7, k.sub.8, k.sub.9, and k.sub.10 satisfy 8k.sub.1+k.sub.2+k.sub.3+k.sub.4+k.sub.5+k.sub.6+k.sub.7+k.sub.8+k.sub.9+k.sub.10180, and the k.sub.1, k.sub.2, k.sub.3, k.sub.4, k.sub.5, k.sub.6, k.sub.7, k.sub.8, k.sub.9, and k.sub.10 are each independently an integer of 0 or more.
5. The surface layer according to claim 1, wherein the component B has an organic segment having an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, and the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond is derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,2-polybutadiene, 1,4-polybutadiene, 1,2-polyisoprene, 1,4-polyisoprene, 1,2-polychloroprene, and 1,4-polychloroprene.
6. The surface layer according to claim 1, wherein the component B has a polyolefin having, in a side chain, an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
7. The surface layer according to claim 1, wherein the component A has a dimethylsiloxane segment, the component B has an organic segment having an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, and the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond is derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,2-polybutadiene and 1,2-polyisoprene.
8. An optical member comprising the surface layer according to claim 1.
9. Eyeglasses comprising the optical member according to claim 8.
10. A material for forming a surface layer comprising at least a component A and a component B, wherein the component A has at least a siloxane segment containing a siloxane bond, the component B is an alkyl compound having an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond, and having a structure represented by a following general formula (3):
11. The material for forming the surface layer according to claim 10, wherein the siloxane segment containing a siloxane bond is at least one segment selected from the group consisting of dimethylsiloxane segment, diphenylsiloxane segment, methylphenylsiloxane segment, methylhydrogensiloxane segment, and phenylhydrogensiloxane segment.
12. The material for forming the surface layer according to claim 10, wherein the component A is a compound having a structure represented by a following general formula (2):
13. The material for forming the surface layer according to claim 10, wherein the segment represented by Y comprises a segment containing at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a following formulae (Y-1) to (Y-10): ##STR00030## the k.sub.1, k.sub.2, k.sub.3, k.sub.4, k.sub.5, k.sub.6, k.sub.7, k.sub.8, k.sub.9, and k.sub.10 satisfy 8k.sub.1+k.sub.2+k.sub.3+k.sub.4+k.sub.5+k.sub.6+k.sub.7+k.sub.8+k.sub.9+k.sub.10180, and the k.sub.1, k.sub.2, k.sub.3, k.sub.4, k.sub.5, k.sub.6, k.sub.7, k.sub.8, k.sub.9, and k.sub.10 are each independently an integer of 0 or more.
14. The material for forming the surface layer according to claim 10, wherein the component B has an organic segment having an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, and the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond is derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,2-polybutadiene, 1,4-polybutadiene, 1,2-polyisoprene, 1,4-polyisoprene, 1,2-polychloroprene, and 1,4-polychloroprene.
15. The material for forming the surface layer according to claim 10, wherein the component B has a polyolefin having, in a side chain, an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
16. The material for forming the surface layer according to claim 10, wherein the component A has a dimethylsiloxane segment, the component B has an organic segment having an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, and the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond is derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,2-polybutadiene and 1,2-polyisoprene.
17. A surface layer formed of the material for forming the surface layer according to claim 10.
18. An optical member comprising the surface layer according to claim 17.
19. Eyeglasses comprising the optical member according to claim 18.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030]
[0031]
[0032]
[0033]
[0034]
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0035] Hereinbelow, embodiments of a surface layer according to the present disclosure, an optical member comprising the surface layer, and spectacles comprising the optical member as well as an embodiment of a material for forming a surface layer according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described below.
[0036] Throughout the present disclosure, the recitation of numerical ranges such as from XX to YY or XX to YY indicate the numerical ranges including the upper and lower endpoints of the range, unless otherwise stated. Additionally, if a plurality of numerical ranges are described in a stepwise manner, any upper endpoint of the indicated numerical ranges may be combined with any lower endpoint of the indicated numerical ranges.
[0037] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress slipping of a base material or an optical member when a high load is applied to the surface layer of the base material or the optical member, by maintaining the frictional force generated on the surface layer at a higher level, thereby allowing secure holding of the base material or the optical member during machining thereof. Furthermore, when the load applied to the surface layer of the base material or the optical member is within the range typically applied by users during normal daily use of the base material or the optical member, the frictional force generated on the surface layer becomes low, while simultaneously allowing the surface layer to exhibit stain-repellent properties. As a result of that, a surface layer that exhibits both machinability and stain-repellent properties, an optical member comprising the surface layer, and spectacles comprising the optical member can be provided. Furthermore, a material for forming a surface layer that provides the aforementioned properties to the surface layer can also be provided.
[0038] The present inventors believe that the surface layer according to the present disclosure and the optical member comprising the surface layer achieve both immovability during machining and stain-repellent properties through the following mechanism.
[0039] As component A contained in the surface layer, a compound having a siloxane segment containing a siloxane bond is chosen. In addition to that, as component B, a compound having an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond is chosen.
[0040] Component A, which has a siloxane segment containing siloxane bonds, provides stain-repellent properties, but at the same time tends to lower the frictional force under load. The present inventors believe that this occurs by the following reasons: as described in Technology outlook series: Silicone outlook (Gijutu-taizen series: Silicone Taizen), pp. 10-11, the siloxane bond consists of a silicon atom and an oxygen atom and is represented by the following chemical formula (1):
SiOSi(1).
[0041] The bond between the silicon and the oxygen in the above formula (1) has flexible characteristics as the energy required to rotate the bond between the silicon and the oxygen is as low as 0.8 kJ/mol or lower. Due to this characteristics, it is believed that when a load is applied to a surface having a siloxane segment having a siloxane bond in an attempt to hold the surface tightly, the siloxane segment having the siloxane bond deforms, thereby allowing the applied force to be diverted, resulting in the reduction in the frictional force.
[0042] On the other hand, since the component B has an organic segment having at least one bond selected from a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond and a carbon-nitrogen double bond, the component B is less deformable under load compared to the siloxane bond in component A, thereby showing a tendency to generate a higher frictional force.
[0043] Thus, when the surface layer containing at least component A and component B is brought into contact with an object that applies a high load to the surface layer, the molecules of component B resist deformation, whereas the molecules of component A may deform. Therefore, if the proportion of component B that comes into contact with the object is higher, the surface layer in contact with the object can exhibit a higher frictional force. Furthermore, if component B has an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond, component B is even less deformable under load, generating a higher frictional force, and is therefore preferable.
[0044] With consideration of the foregoing, by adjusting the compositional ratio of component B to component A in the surface layer within a predetermined range, it is possible to achieve a high stain-repellent properties when the load applied by the object coming into contact with the surface layer is low.
[0045] Surface layer refers to the interface in contact with both of the base material and other solid, liquid or gas. In other words, surface layer as used herein refers to the surface of the base material, and therefore, the present specification also discloses the base material having such a surface.
[0046] As the base material, any solid material may be used as long as undercoat layer 12, surface layer 13, intermediate layer 14, or hard coating layer 15 described in detail below can be formed on the base material; however, glass, ceramic, resin, or metal, or films made from materials such as glass or resin may be preferred.
[0047] Optical member refers to an optical member that comprises a base material having the aforementioned surface layer. Examples of the optical member include optical filters, optical lenses, spectacle lenses, photographic lenses, display cover glasses, display touch panels, and various films.
[0048] Spectacles refer to spectacles that have the aforementioned optical member. The spectacles are not limited to ordinary vision correction spectacles, but also encompass all devices worn around the eyes, including non-prescription glasses, protective goggles, head-mount displays, sunglasses, and smart glasses.
[0049] Component A according to the present disclosure will be described hereinbelow.
[0050] Component A has a siloxane segment containing a siloxane bond. The siloxane segment containing the siloxane bond is preferably at least one segment selected from the group consisting of dimethylsiloxane segment, diphenylsiloxane segment, methylphenylsiloxane segment, methylhydrogensiloxane segment, and phenylhydrogensiloxane segment, and more preferably at least one segment selected from the group consisting of dimethylsiloxane segment, diphenylsiloxane segment and methylphenylsiloxane segment.
[0051] Specifically, component A is, for example, a compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (2):
and is preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimethylsiloxane compounds, diphenylsiloxane compounds, methylphenylsiloxane compounds, methylhydrogensiloxane compounds and, phenylhydrogensiloxane compound, and is more preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimethylsiloxane compounds, diphenylsiloxane compounds and methylphenylsiloxane compounds.
[0052] In a preferred aspect, the segment represented by X in the formula (2) comprises at least one segment or any combination thereof selected from the segments listed in Table 1 below.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 [SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.m1 [SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.m2 [SiC.sub.7H.sub.8O].sub.m3 [SiCH.sub.4O].sub.m4 [SiC.sub.6H.sub.6O].sub.m5
[0053] In the table above, SiC.sub.2H.sub.6 denotes Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2, SiC.sub.7H.sub.8 denotes Si(CH.sub.3)Ph, SiC.sub.6H.sub.6 denotes SiHPh-, SiC.sub.12H.sub.10 denotes Si(Ph).sub.2-, and SiCH.sub.4 denotes Si(CH.sub.3)H. Ph denotes phenyl group.
[0054] In Table 1, m.sub.1, m.sub.2, m.sub.3, m.sub.4, and m.sub.5 preferably satisfy 2m.sub.1+m.sub.2+m.sub.3+m.sub.4+m.sub.5150. A more preferred range of m.sub.1+m.sub.2+m.sub.3+m.sub.4+m.sub.5 is 5m.sub.1+m.sub.2+m.sub.3+m.sub.4+m.sub.5120, and further preferred range is 10m.sub.1+m.sub.2+m.sub.3+m.sub.4+m.sub.550.
[0055] In Table 1, m.sub.1, m.sub.2, m.sub.3, m.sub.4, and m.sub.5 are each independently an integer of 0 or more. That is, the values of m.sub.1, m.sub.2, m.sub.3, m.sub.4, and m.sub.5 in Table 1 may vary from segment to segment.
[0056] Here, when any of m.sub.1, m.sub.2, m.sub.3, m.sub.4, and m.sub.5 is 0, the corresponding segment in Table 1 is absent in the segment represented by X in the formula (2). In Table 1, O denotes an oxygen atom that forms the siloxane bond.
[0057] In addition, the side chains of the segment represented by X may be partially substituted with an organic group such as an amino group, an epoxy group, a thiol group, a carboxy group, a polyether group, a long-chain alkyl group, and fluoroalkyl group.
[0058] The R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 in the general formula (2) are preferably each independently a hydrolyzable group, a silanol group, a hydroxy group, a reactive organic group, an organic group containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group, an alkylsilyl group, or a hydrogen atom. Examples of hydrolyzable groups include alkoxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group and butoxy group; alkoxyalkoxy groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as methoxymethoxy group and methoxyethoxy group; acyloxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as acetoxy group; alkenyloxy groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as isopropenoxy group; halogen groups such as chloro group, bromo group and iodo group; and an amino group. Among these, methoxy group, ethoxy group, isopropenoxy group, and chloro group are particularly suitable. Examples of reactive organic groups include methacryl group, carboxy group, epoxy group, thiol group, and the like. Among these, methacryl group and carboxy group are particularly suitable.
[0059] The organic group containing hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group is, for example, an organic group in which a hydrolyzable group is directly or indirectly bonded to the silicon atom. Examples of hydrolyzable groups include alkoxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group and butoxy group; alkoxyalkoxy groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as methoxymethoxy group and methoxyethoxy group; acyloxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as acetoxy group; alkenyloxy groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as isopropenoxy group; halogen groups such as chloro group, bromo group and iodo group; and an amino group. The number of hydrolyzable groups in the organic group containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group is preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 2 or 3, even more preferably 3. The organic group containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group may have an alkylsilyl group described below. Namely, examples of the organic groups containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group include trimethoxysilyl group, dimethoxymethylsilyl group, ethyldimethoxysilyl group, methoxydimethylsilyl group, diethylmethoxysilyl group, ethylmethoxymethylsilyl group, triethoxysilyl group, diethoxyethylsilyl group, diethoxymethylsilyl group, ethoxydiethylsilyl group, and ethoxyethylmethylsilyl group.
[0060] Examples of the alkylsilyl groups include alkylsilyl groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the numbers of carbon atoms in the alkylsilyl group is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, and particularly preferably 1. The number of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, further preferably 3. Therefore, examples of the alkylsilyl group include trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, ethyldimethylsilyl group, and diethylmethylsilyl group.
[0061] Specific examples of component A may include compounds listed in Table 2-1 and Table 2-2, but are not limited to these compounds.
[0062] As component A, the compound having a siloxane segment having a siloxane bond may be used alone or in combination of two or more of such compounds.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2-1 No. Structure of component A A-1 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.2Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-2 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.10Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-3 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.18Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-4 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.30Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-5 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.50Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-6 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.150Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-7 (EtO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.5Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-8 (EtO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.18Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-9 (EtO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.30Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-10 (EtO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.120Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-11 HO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.18Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-12 HO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.120Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-13 H[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.30Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-14 C.sub.4H.sub.5O.sub.2[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.30Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-15 C.sub.4H.sub.5O.sub.2[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.150Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 A-16 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.2Si(MeO).sub.3 A-17 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.10Si(MeO).sub.3 A-18 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.30Si(MeO).sub.3 A-19 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.120Si(MeO).sub.3 A-20 HO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.30SiOH
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2-2 No. Structure of component A B-1 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.8[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.2Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 B-2 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.25[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.5Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 B-3 HO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.16[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.2Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 B-4 HO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.40[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.10Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 B-5 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.15[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.3Si(MeO).sub.3 B-6 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.125[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.25Si(MeO).sub.3 B-7 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.100[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.20Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 C-1 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.7[SiC.sub.7H.sub.8O].sub.3Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 C-2 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.40[SiC.sub.7H.sub.8O].sub.10Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 C-3 C.sub.4H.sub.5O.sub.2[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.15[SiC.sub.7H.sub.8O].sub.3C.sub.4H.sub.5O.sub.2 D-1 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.8[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.2Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 D-2 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.45[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.5Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 D-3 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.5O].sub.130[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.20Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 D-4 C.sub.4H.sub.5O.sub.2[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.22[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.8Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 D-5 C.sub.4H.sub.5O.sub.2[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.110[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.10Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 D-6 (EtO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.15[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.3Si(EtO).sub.3 D-7 (EtO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.140[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.10Si(EtO).sub.3 E-1 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.13[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.3[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.2Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 E-2 (MeO).sub.3SiO[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.35[SiC.sub.6H.sub.6O].sub.10[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.5Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 E-3 HOOC[SiC.sub.2H.sub.6O].sub.22[SiC.sub.12H.sub.10O].sub.5[SiCH.sub.4O].sub.3Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3
[0063] In Table 2-1 and Table 2-2, SiC.sub.2H.sub.6 denotes Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2, SiC.sub.7H.sub.8 denotes Si(CH.sub.3)Ph-, SiC.sub.6H.sub.6 denotes SiHPh-, SiC.sub.12H.sub.10 denotes Si(Ph).sub.2-, SiCH.sub.4 denotes Si(CH.sub.3)H, and C.sub.4H.sub.5O.sub.2 denotes methacryl group. Me denotes methyl group, Et denotes ethyl group, and Ph denotes phenyl group.
[0064] Component B according to the present disclosure will be described hereinbelow.
[0065] Component B has an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
[0066] Preferably, component B has an organic segment having an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, and the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond is derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,2-polybutadiene, 1,4-polybutadiene, 1,2-polyisoprene, 1,4-polyisoprene, 1,2-polychloroprene, and 1,4-polychloroprene. More preferably, the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond is derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,2-polybutadiene and 1,2-polyisoprene.
[0067] Here, the expression the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond is derived from the aforementioned at least one compound means that the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond contained in the organic segment corresponds to the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond contained in the aforementioned at least one compound.
[0068] In another preferred aspect, component B has a polyolefin, in a side chain, an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond and a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
[0069] More specifically, component B is, for example, an alkyl compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (3):
[0070] Herein, when component B is the compound having a structure represented by the above general formula (3), the segment referred to as an organic segment containing at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond corresponds to the segment represented by Y in the above general formula (3).
[0071] The segment represented by Y in the above general formula (3) contains one or more segments containing at least one bond selected from the group consisting of saturated hydrocarbon bonds, unsaturated hydrocarbon bonds, carbon-oxygen double bonds, and carbon-nitrogen double bonds shown in Table 3. Additionally, the saturated hydrocarbon bond, the unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, the carbon-oxygen double bond, and the carbon-nitrogen double bond may be present in the segment either as a single bond or as a combination of two or more of the bonds of the same or different types.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 3 [C.sub.iH.sub.2i2].sub.j1 [C.sub.i+1H.sub.2i1Cl].sub.j4 [C.sub.3H.sub.6N].sub.j7 [C.sub.iH.sub.2i].sub.j2 [C.sub.iH.sub.iCl].sub.j5 [C.sub.4H.sub.6O.sub.2N].sub.j8 [C.sub.6H.sub.4].sub.j3 [C.sub.5H.sub.4O.sub.3].sub.j6
[0072] In this table, C.sub.6H.sub.4 represents phenylene group.
[0073] In Table 3, i and j.sub.1, j.sub.2, j.sub.3, j.sub.4, j.sub.5, j.sub.6, j.sub.7, and j.sub.8 preferably satisfy 32i(j.sub.1+j.sub.2+j.sub.3+j.sub.4+j.sub.5+j.sub.6+j.sub.7+j.sub.8)750, and more preferably satisfy 40i(j.sub.1+j.sub.2+j.sub.3+j.sub.4+j.sub.5+j.sub.6+j.sub.7+j.sub.8)180.
[0074] In Table 3, i is each independently an integer of 1 or more, and the value of i in one segment may be different from the value in another segment.
[0075] In Table 3, j.sub.1, j.sub.2, j.sub.3, j.sub.4, j.sub.5, j.sub.6, j.sub.7, and j.sub.8 are each independently an integer of 1 or more. In other words, in Table 3, the respective value of j.sub.1, j.sub.2, j.sub.3, j.sub.4, j.sub.5, j.sub.6, j.sub.7, and j.sub.8 in one segment may be different from the respective ones in another segment.
[0076] Here, when any of j.sub.1, j.sub.2, j.sub.3, j.sub.4, j.sub.5, j.sub.6, j.sub.7, and j.sub.8 is 0, the corresponding segment in Table 3 is absent in the segment represented by Y in formula (3).
[0077] As long as the above: i(j.sub.1+j.sub.2+j.sub.3+j.sub.4+j.sub.5+j.sub.6+j.sub.7+j.sub.8) lies within the possible range, the segment represented by Y may be branched in the middle of the main molecular chain to have a side chain which is composed of a segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
[0078] In Table 3, C.sub.5H.sub.4O.sub.3 denotes a bond formed through grafting maleic anhydride onto a part of side chains of a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
[0079] Furthermore, in Table 3, C.sub.3H.sub.6N denotes a bond in which a part of side chains of a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene is substituted with an amino group.
[0080] Furthermore, in Table 3, C.sub.4H.sub.6O.sub.2N denotes a bond in which a part of side chains of a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene is substituted with an isocyanate group.
[0081] The segment represented by Y in the above general formula (3) preferably contains one or more segments containing at least one bond selected from the group consisting of the saturated hydrocarbon bonds, the unsaturated hydrocarbon bonds, the carbon-oxygen double bonds, and the carbon-nitrogen double bonds shown in Table 4.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 4 No. Segment Y-1
[0082] In Table 4, k.sub.1, k.sub.2, k.sub.3, k.sub.4, k.sub.5, k.sub.6, k.sub.7, k.sub.8, k.sub.9, and k.sub.10 preferably satisfy 8k.sub.1+k.sub.2+k.sub.3+k.sub.4+k.sub.6+k.sub.7+k.sub.8+k.sub.9+k.sub.10180, and more preferably satisfy 40k.sub.1+k.sub.2+k.sub.3+k.sub.4+k.sub.6+k.sub.7+k.sub.8+k.sub.9+k.sub.10120.
[0083] In Table 4, k.sub.1, k.sub.2, k.sub.3, k.sub.4, k.sub.5, k.sub.6, k.sub.7, k.sub.8, k.sub.9, and k.sub.10 are each independently an integer of 0 or more. In other words, in Table 4, the respective value of k.sub.1, k.sub.2, k.sub.3, k.sub.4, k.sub.5, k.sub.6, k.sub.7, k.sub.8, k.sub.9, and k.sub.10 in one segment may be different from the respective ones in another segment.
[0084] Here, when any of k.sub.1, k.sub.2, k.sub.3, k.sub.4, k.sub.5, k.sub.6, k.sub.7, k.sub.8, k.sub.9, and k.sub.10 is 0, the corresponding segment in Table 4 is absent in the segment represented by Y in formula (3).
[0085] As long as the above: k.sub.1+k.sub.2+k.sub.3+k.sub.4+k.sub.6+k.sub.7+k.sub.8+k.sub.9+k.sub.10 lies within the possible range, the segment represented by Y may be branched in the middle of the main molecular chain to have a side chain which is composed of a segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
[0086] In preferred structures of component B, any one of an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, or a carbon-nitrogen double bond, or any combination thereof, is present in the side chain of component B. More preferably, either an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond or a carbon-oxygen double bond, or any combination thereof, is present in the side chain.
[0087] The R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 in the general formula (3) may each independently be a hydrolyzable group, a silanol group, a hydroxy group, a reactive organic group, an organic group containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group, an alkylsilyl group, or a hydrogen atom. An organic group containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group, a hydroxy group, and a hydrogen atom are preferred. A hydroxy group and a hydrogen atom are more preferred. Examples of hydrolyzable groups include alkoxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group and butoxy group; alkoxyalkoxy groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as methoxymethoxy group and methoxyethoxy group; acyloxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as acetoxy group; alkenyloxy groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as isopropenoxy group; halogen groups such as chloro group, bromo group, and iodo group; and an amino group. Among these, methoxy group, ethoxy group, isopropenoxy group, and chloro group are particularly suitable. Examples of reactive organic groups include methacryl group, carboxy group, epoxy group, thiol group, and the like. Among these, methacryl group and carboxy group are particularly suitable.
[0088] Examples of the organic group containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group include those in which a hydrolyzable group is directly or indirectly bonded to the silicon atom. Examples of hydrolyzable groups include alkoxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group and butoxy group; alkoxyalkoxy groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as methoxymethoxy group and methoxyethoxy group; acyloxy groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as acetoxy group; alkenyloxy groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as isopropenoxy group; halogen groups such as chloro group, bromo group, and iodo group; and an amino group. The number of hydrolyzable groups in the organic group containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group is preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 2 or 3, even more preferably 3. The organic group containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group may have an alkylsilyl group described below. Namely, examples of the organic groups containing a hydrolyzable group-containing silyl group include trimethoxysilyl group, dimethoxymethylsilyl group, ethyldimethoxysilyl group, methoxydimethylsilyl group, diethylmethoxysilyl group, ethylmethoxymethylsilyl group, triethoxysilyl group, diethoxyethylsilyl group, diethoxymethylsilyl group, ethoxydiethylsilyl group, and ethoxyethylmethylsilyl group.
[0089] Examples of the alkylsilyl groups include alkylsilyl groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the numbers of carbon atoms in the alkylsilyl group is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, and particularly preferably 1. The number of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, further preferably 3. Therefore, examples of the alkylsilyl group include trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, ethyldimethylsilyl group, and diethylmethylsilyl group.
[0090] Specific examples of component B include the compounds listed in Table 5, but are not limited to these compounds. Additionally, as component B, a compound containing one or more segments containing at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond may be used either alone or in combination of two or more of such compounds.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 5 No. Structural formula of component B a-1 H[CH.sub.2CHCHCH.sub.2].sub.8H a-2 HO[CH.sub.2].sub.2[CH.sub.2CHCHCH.sub.2].sub.8[CH.sub.2].sub.2OH a-3 H[CH.sub.2CHCHCH.sub.2].sub.22H a-4
[0091] Specific examples of component B may also include compounds listed in Table 6, but are not limited to these compounds.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 6 No. Structural formula of component B d-1
[0092] The compounds listed in Table 6 are alkyl compounds having either a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, or a carbon-nitrogen double bond. The compounds d-1 to d-4 are modified polyolefins, in which some of their side chains are substituted with different segments. Examples of the substituent segments include imino segments, vinyl segments, carboxylic acid segments, carboxylic acid anhydride segments, ketene segments, isocyanate segments, and the like.
[0093] The compositional ratio of component B to component A in the surface layer of the present disclosure is such that P.sub.B/P.sub.A ranges from 0.04 to 3.00, where P.sub.A is the peak intensity attributed to component A as determined by a micro-Raman spectrometry performed on the surface layer, and P.sub.B is the peak intensity attributed to component B. The compositional ratio of component B to component A in the surface layer of the present disclosure may be controlled by adjusting the mass ratio of component B to component A in the material for forming the surface layer of the present disclosure. The compositional ratio is preferably from 0.10 to 1.00, and more preferably from 0.20 to 0.60.
[0094] When the compositional ratio of component B to component A is lower than 0.04, although stain-repellent properties may be achieved, the frictional force generated on the base material under a high load during machining cannot be increased, resulting in insufficient suppression of slipping of the base material, which makes it difficult to machine the base material. Whereas when the compositional ratio of component B to component A is more than 3.00, not only are the stain-repellent properties decreased, but a higher frictional force is also generated even when the load is within the range typically applied by users during normal daily use, which cause problems such as cleaning cloth snagging on the surface layer, making the surface layer uncomfortable to use.
[0095] The compositional ratio of component B to component A may be determined in the following manner:
[0096] First, a target area in the surface layer to be measured with the micro-Raman spectrometer is determined. This area is determined according to the magnification power of the objective lens attached to the spectrometer, the wavelength of the excitation laser, and the aperture diameter. Hereinbelow, the area determined is also referred to as the measurement area.
[0097] Next, the measurement area is irradiated by the excitation laser, and the emitted scattered light is measured to determine the Raman spectrum. The measuring conditions are as follows: [0098] Instrument: micro-Raman spectrometer manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. [0099] Objective lens magnification power: 10 [0100] Excitation laser wavelength: 532 nm [0101] Aperture diameter: 25 m [0102] Measurement area: 2 m
[0103] In the obtained Raman spectrum, the peak attributed to the siloxane bond is defined as that derived from component A, and the intensity thereof is expressed as P.sub.A. If any peak attributed to CC bond, CO bond, or CN bond is observed in the Raman spectrum, the peak attributed to CC bond, CO bond, or CN bond is defined as that derived from component B, and the intensity thereof is expressed as P.sub.B.
[0104] If any peak attributed to CC bond, CO bond, or CN bond is not observed in the Raman spectrum, the peak attributed to CC bond is defined as that derived from component B, and the intensity thereof is expressed as P.sub.B.
[0105] If the frictional force measured under the condition of the load applied to the surface layer of 14 kgf and the sliding speed of 2.5 mm/sec is defined as X, and the frictional force measured under the condition of the load applied to the surface layer of 70 kgf and the sliding speed of 2.5 mm/sec is defined as Y, the percent change in the frictional force, expressed as [YX]/X100, is preferably from 50% to 200%, and more preferably from 80% to 140%.
[0106] The percent change can be controlled by varying the type of component A, type of component B, and the compositional ratio of component B to component A.
[0107] The surface layer may contain any compound other than component A and component B, as long as the beneficial effect according to the present disclosure is not impaired.
First Embodiment
[0108]
[0109]
[0110] Note that
(Base Material 11)
[0111] As the base material 11, any solid material may be used as long as the undercoat layer 12, the surface layer 13, or an intermediate layer 14 or a hard coating layer 15 described below can be formed on the base material, and examples thereof include glasses, ceramics, resins, and films made from materials such as glasses or resins. If any of the material mentioned above is used to form the base material for the optical member comprising the surface layer of the present disclosure, the resulting base material preferably is capable of transmitting visible light or light of a specific wavelength.
[0112] The thickness of the base material is not particularly limited, but may be appropriately set in accordance with the application thereof.
(Undercoat Layer 12)
[0113] An undercoat layer may be formed as needed. The undercoat layer 12 serves as a substratum for the surface layer 13 formed thereon and enhances the adhesion between the base material 11 and the surface layer 13.
[0114] In the present embodiment, the undercoat layer 12 is formed on the base material 11, and the surface layer 13 is formed on the undercoat layer 12, so that the adhesion between the base material 11 and the surface layer 13 is further enhanced. The method for forming the undercoat layer is not particularly limited, but the examples include vapor deposition method, dipping method, coating method, spraying method, and spin-coating method.
[0115] The thickness of the undercoat layer 12 is not particularly limited, but ranges from 2 nm to 150 nm, and preferably from 5 nm to 125 nm.
[0116] The material to form the undercoat layer 12 preferably have surface hydroxy groups. Examples thereof include metal oxides such as SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 having surface hydroxy groups, and alkyl compounds having hydroxy groups.
(Surface Layer 13)
[0117] The surface layer 13 corresponds to the surface layer of component A and component B of the present disclosure described above.
[0118] The thickness of the surface layer 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably ranges from 4 nm to 20 nm. The thickness of 4 nm or more is sufficient to obtain stain-repellent properties, whereas the thickness of 20 nm or less is sufficient to obtain a good transparency. The method for forming the surface layer is not particularly limited, but the examples include vapor deposition method and coating method. Examples of the coating method include spin-coating, dip-coating, bar-coating, and spray-coating. The surface layer of component A and component B can be formed by using component A and component B in the method for forming the surface layer. The surface layer is, for example, a vapor-deposited layer. Alternatively, the surface layer is, for example, a coated layer.
Second Embodiment
[0119]
[0120] In
[0121] Note that
(Intermediate Layer 14)
[0122] As shown in
[0123] In the present embodiment, the undercoat layer 12 stacked on the intermediate layer 14 is also made of a material with a low refractive index, and the undercoat layer 12, together with the intermediate layer 14, exhibits an anti-reflective function. In the present embodiment, since the intermediate layer 14 shown as an example consists of four layers, and the undercoat layer 12 is formed on top of the intermediate layer 14d which has a material with a high refractive index, the undercoat layer 12 is preferably made of a material with a low refractive index. When the intermediate layer 14 consists of, for example, three layers and the undercoat layer 12 is formed on top of the intermediate layer 14b with a material with a high refractive index, the undercoat layer 12 is preferably made of a material with a low refractive index.
[0124] The intermediate layer 14 is not limited to the present embodiment, and a layer made of a material with a medium refractive index may be stacked as appropriate.
[0125] Examples of materials with low refractive indices include SiO.sub.2 (silicon dioxide) and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 doped SiO.sub.2 (alumina-doped silicon dioxide). However, the materials with low refractive indices are not limited thereto.
[0126] Examples of materials with high refractive indices include alumina-containing titanium oxide-lanthanum oxide-based mixed material, titanium oxide, other mixed oxides containing titanium oxide as a main component, zirconium oxide, mixed materials containing zirconium oxide as a main component, niobium oxide, mixed materials containing niobium oxide as a main component, tantalum oxide, mixed materials containing tantalum oxide as a main component, tungsten oxide, and mixed materials containing tungsten oxide as a main component. However, the materials with high refractive indices are not limited thereto.
[0127] Examples of materials with medium refractive indices include aluminum oxide, other mixed compounds containing aluminum oxide as a main component, magnesium oxide, other mixed compounds containing magnesium oxide as a main component, yttrium fluoride, and cerium fluoride. However, the materials with medium refractive indices are not limited thereto.
[0128] The thickness of the intermediate layer 14 and each layer constituting the intermediate layer 14 (14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d in
[0129] Although the intermediate layer 14 described in the present embodiment consists of four layers, the present disclosure is not limited thereto in any way, and any number of layers may be employed.
[0130] The embodiment described above comprises the intermediate layer 14, which is formed by alternately stacking layers with low refractive indices and layers with high refractive indices, acting as part of an anti-reflective film; however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, at least one layer having a specific function selected from other filter or mirror, antistatic, anti-scratch hard coating, and the like may be formed between the base material 11 and the intermediate layer 14.
[0131] The base material, the undercoat layer, and the surface layer in the second embodiment of the surface layer may be the same as those in the first embodiment of the surface layer.
<Optical Member>
[0132]
[0133] The present embodiment is an optical member that may be used for spectacle lenses.
[0134] In the optical member shown in
[0135] Examples of the materials that may be used for the hard coating layer 15 include melamine resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, or a blend of the above resins, and silane compounds. However, the materials used for the hard coating layer are not limited to those mentioned above.
[0136] The optical member with the configuration shown in the first embodiment is not limited to spectacle lenses, but may be used for other known applications.
[0137]
[0138] The present embodiment is an optical member that may be used as optical lenses used in devices such as cameras.
[0139] In the optical member shown in
[0140] The optical member with the configuration shown in the second embodiment is not limited to optical lenses for cameras, but may also be used in optical filters, touch panels for displays, various films, and the like.
<Eyeglasses>
[0141]
[0142] The present embodiment is constituted by a spectacle lens 31, which is the optical member of the present disclosure described above, and a spectacle frame 32.
[0143] The material for forming the surface layer of the present disclosure is a material for forming a surface layer comprising at least component A and component B, wherein [0144] the component A has at least a siloxane segment containing a siloxane bond, [0145] the component B is an alkyl compound having an organic segment having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon bond, an unsaturated hydrocarbon bond, a carbon-oxygen double bond, and a carbon-nitrogen double bond, and having a structure represented by the following general formula (3):
[0152] Hereinbelow, the material for forming the surface layer according to the present disclosure will be described.
[0153] Component A and component B constituting the material for forming the surface layer of the present disclosure are the same as component A and component B constituting the surface layer of the present disclosure.
[0154] The mass ratio between component A and component B in the material for forming the surface layer of the present disclosure is such that the mass of component B ranges from 0.04 to 3.00 relative to the mass of component A as 1. In other words, the mass ratio of component B to component A in the material for forming the surface layer is from 0.04 to 3.00. The mass ratio is preferably from 0.10 to 1.00, and more preferably from 0.20 to 0.60.
[0155] When the mass ratio of component B to component A is less than 0.04, the surface layer formed by using the material for forming the surface layer can exhibit stain-repellent properties; however, the frictional force under high load during machining the base material having the surface layer or the optical member having the surface layer cannot be increased, resulting in insufficient suppression of slipping, which makes the machining the base material or the optical member difficult. Whereas when the mass ratio of component B to component A is more than 3.00, not only are the stain-repellent properties of the surface layer formed using the material for forming the surface layer decreased, but a higher frictional force is also generated even when the load is within the range typically applied by users during normal daily use, which cause problems such as cleaning cloth snagging on the surface layer, making the surface layer uncomfortable to use.
[0156] The mass ratio of component B to component A in the material for forming the surface layer may be determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Alternatively, it is possible to determine the mass ratio between component A and component B by weighing them using a balance at the time when the material for forming the surface layer is prepared.
[0157] The material for forming the surface layer according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited as long as the mass ratio of component B to component A is within the range from 0.04 to 3.00, and the material for forming the surface layer may also contain materials other than component A and component B. The material for forming the surface layer may be solid or liquid. For example, component A and component B may be dissolved in an organic solvent such as hexane or toluene to yield a solution, that is a liquid. When the surface-forming material is a liquid, the surface layer may be formed by a coating method.
[0158] The surface-forming material may contain organic solvents. The organic solvents are not particularly limited, but the examples include at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of ketone-based solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ether-based solvents such as dimethylether, diethylether, tetrahydrofuran; aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvents such as benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, xylene; and aliphatic hydrocarbon-based solvents such as isohexane (i.e., 2-methylpentane), 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, and 2,3-dimethylbutane, normal hexane, heptane, cyclohexane.
[0159] The content of the organic solvent in the material for forming the surface layer is not particularly limited, but, for example, it may be from 50 to 150 parts by mass relative to the total content of component A and component B as 100 parts by mass.
EXAMPLES
[0160] The present disclosure will be described more specifically by way of examples hereinbelow; however, the present disclosure is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
(Preparation of Material for Forming the Surface Layer)
[0161] The compound (A-3) listed in Table 2-1 as component A and the compound (a-3) listed in Table 5 as component B were blended in a metal container in a mass ratio of component B to component A of 0.20, to yield a material for forming the surface layer 1.
(Preparation of Undercoat Layer)
[0162] On a borosilicate glass plate, which serves as the base material 11, with a thickness of 3 mm, an undercoat layer 12 of SiO.sub.2 with a thickness of 10 nm was formed by a vapor deposition method using a vacuum evaporator (dome diameter (D: 900 mm, deposition distance: 890 mm). The thickness of the undercoat layer 12 was determined using ellipsometry (ESM300, manufactured by JA WOOLLAM Company).
(Preparation of Surface Layer)
[0163] On the undercoat layer 12, a surface layer 13 of the present disclosure made of the material for forming the surface layer 1 was formed by a vapor deposition method using a vacuum evaporator (dome diameter (D: 900 mm, deposition distance: 890 mm), to thereby yield an optical member of Example 1. The thickness of the surface layer 13 was determined using ellipsometry (ESM300, manufactured by JA WOOLLAM Company), and was found to be 10 nm. Furthermore, the compositional ratio of component B to component A in the thus obtained surface layer was determined using a micro-Raman spectrometer, and was found to be 0.20, which agrees with the mass ratio of component B to component A in the material for forming the surface layer.
[0164] The configuration of the thus obtained optical member is the same as that of the optical member comprising the surface layer of the present disclosure shown in
(Evaluation of Frictional Force)
[0165] The frictional force generated on the surface layer of the thus obtained optical member was measured in accordance with the following method:
[0166] Automatic Friction Abrasion Analyzer, Triboster 500, manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. was used as the device for measuring the frictional force. A rubber pad (lens blocking pad, manufactured by 3M company) cut in size to 2 mm.sup.2 was used as a contact probe for measuring the frictional force. The frictional force was measured by bringing the rubber pad into contact with the surface layer of the optical member. During this test, the load applied to the surface layer was controlled by the device to be either 14 kgf or 70 kgf. This test was conducted under the condition of the sliding speed of 2.5 mm/sec. The results are shown in Table 7-1.
(Evaluation of Stain-Repellent Properties)
[0167] The stain-repellent properties of the surface layer of the prepared optical member were measured in accordance with the following method:
[0168] The degree of repellency and the ease of wiping off highlighter pen ink were used as measures for evaluating stain-repellent properties and were evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 7-1.
(Evaluation Criteria)
[0169] A: After the pen tip was brought into contact with the surface layer, the ink was repelled and gathered into spherical drops in 1 to 5 seconds and could be wiped off with a Clint paper. [0170] B: After the pen tip was brought into contact with the surface layer, the ink was not repelled for longer than 5 seconds and could only be wiped off by hard rubbing with a Clint paper.
Examples 2 to 214
[0171] Except that the compounds listed in Table 2-1 and Table 2-2 were used as component A, the compounds listed in Table 5 and Table 6 were used as component B, and the compositional ratio of component B to component A in the formed surface layer was altered as shown in Table 7-1, Table 7-2, Table 8-1, and Table 8-2, the same procedure as in Example 1, including blending in a metal container, preparation of the material for forming the surface layer, and the subsequent formation of the undercoat layer and the surface layer, was repeated, thereby producing the optical member having a surface layer of the present disclosure. The frictional force measurement and the evaluation of the stain-repellent performance were also conducted as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 7-1, Table 7-2, Table 8-1, and Table 8-2.
[0172] It was found that in Examples 2-214, as in Example 1, the compositional ratio of component B to component A in the obtained surface layer agreed with the mass ratio of component B to component A in the material for forming the surface layer.
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 7-1 Component Combination of ratio on compounds of surface Frictional force evaluation component A and (Component Percent Stain Example No. component B A as 1) 14 kgf 70 kgf change (%) repellent Example 1 A-3 a-3 1:0.2 158 248 57 A Example 2 1:0.4 197 368 87 A Example 3 A-3 a-4 1:0.04 139 250 81 A Example 4 1:0.1 132 242 83 A Example 5 1:0.3 169 318 88 A Example 215 1:0.3 167 320 92 A Example 216 1:0.3 187 348 86 A Example 6 1:0.4 182 383 110 A Example 7 1:0.6 185 359 94 A Example 8 1:1.0 258 497 93 A Example 9 1:1.5 247 463 87 A Example 10 1:3.0 328 498 52 A Example 11 A-3 a-10 1:0.2 212 352 66 A Example 12 1:0.4 247 422 71 A Example 13 A-3 b-3 1:0.2 149 247 66 A Example 14 1:0.4 189 325 72 A Example 15 A-3 b-4 1:0.2 165 318 93 A Example 16 1:0.4 187 385 106 A Example 17 A-3 c-2 1:0.2 157 263 68 A Example 18 1:0.4 187 390 109 A Example 19 A-3 d-1 1:0.2 145 257 77 A Example 20 1:0.6 155 298 92 A Example 21 1:1.0 195 318 63 A Example 22 A-3 d-3 1:0.2 140 248 77 A Example 23 1:0.4 152 278 83 A Example 24 A-8 a-2 1:0.2 163 274 68 A Example 25 1:0.4 170 305 79 A Example 26 A-8 a-5 1:0.2 168 289 72 A Example 27 1:0.4 181 322 78 A Example 28 A-8 a-8 1:0.2 192 325 69 A Example 29 1:0.4 205 357 74 A Example 30 A-8 a-11 1:0.2 225 364 62 A Example 31 1:0.4 258 435 69 A Example 32 A-8 b-1 1:0.2 145 238 64 A Example 33 1:0.4 182 315 73 A Example 34 A-8 b-4 1:0.2 172 339 97 A Example 35 1:0.4 185 402 117 A Example 36 1:0.8 243 482 98 A Example 37 1:1.2 250 475 90 A Example 38 1:2.0 287 483 68 A Example 39 A-8 b-5 1:0.2 222 357 61 A Example 40 1:0.4 249 420 69 A Example 41 A-8 c-1 1:0.2 149 252 69 A Example 42 1:0.4 178 352 98 A Example 43 A-8 d-1 1:0.2 142 253 78 A Example 44 1:0.4 153 295 93 A
TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 7-2 Component Combination of ratio on compounds of surface Frictional force evaluation component A and (Component Percent Stain Example No. component B A as 1) 14 kgf 70 kgf change (%) repellent Example 45 A-11 a-3 1:0.2 157 249 59 A Example 46 1:0.4 195 372 91 A Example 47 A-11 a-4 1:0.2 158 287 82 A Example 48 1:0.4 180 379 111 A Example 49 A-11 b-2 1:0.2 149 238 60 A Example 50 1:0.4 182 362 99 A Example 51 A-11 b-4 1:0.2 166 315 90 A Example 52 1:0.4 185 390 111 A Example 53 A-11 d-4 1:0.2 141 250 77 A Example 54 1:0.4 151 280 85 A Example 55 A14 a-3 1:0.2 128 208 63 A Example 56 1:0.4 138 234 70 A Example 57 A-14 a-6 1:0.2 142 235 65 A Example 58 1:0.4 175 342 95 A Example 59 A-14 b-3 1:0.2 127 205 61 A Example 60 1:0.4 135 230 70 A Example 61 A-14 d-3 1:0.2 125 217 74 A Example 62 1:0.4 135 256 90 A Example 63 A-18 a-2 1:0.2 162 259 60 A Example 64 1:0.4 205 359 75 A Example 65 A-18 a-6 1:0.2 165 280 70 A Example 66 1:0.4 207 407 97 A Example 67 A-18 a-11 1:0.2 178 285 60 A Example 68 1:0.4 212 395 86 A Example 69 A-18 b-4 1:0.2 158 278 76 A Example 70 1:0.4 202 398 97 A Example 71 B-3 a-4 1:0.2 187 291 56 A Example 72 1:0.4 204 412 102 A Example 73 B-3 a-14 1:0.2 205 321 57 A Example 74 1:0.4 225 432 92 A Example 75 B-3 b-4 1:0.2 187 295 58 A Example 76 1:0.4 192 421 119 A Example 77 B-3 c-1 1:0.2 200 307 54 A Example 78 1:0.4 212 415 96 A Example 79 C-1 a-2 1:0.2 181 296 64 A Example 80 1:0.4 198 395 99 A Example 81 C-1 a-6 1:0.2 185 312 69 A Example 82 1:0.4 221 435 97 A Example 83 C-1 b-1 1:0.2 180 295 64 A Example 84 1:0.4 200 392 96 A Example 85 C-1 b-4 1:0.2 183 315 72 A Example 86 1:0.4 218 432 98 A Example 87 C-1 d-3 1:0.2 180 312 73 A Example 88 1:0.4 205 425 107 A
TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 8-1 Combination of Component ratio compounds of on surface Frictional force evaluation component A and (Component A Percent Stain Example No. component B as 1) 14 kgf 70 kgf change (%) repellent Example 89 A-1 a-1 1:0.4 192 351 83 A Example 90 A-1 a-4 195 401 106 A Example 91 A-2 a-2 190 374 97 A Example 92 A-2 b-4 198 402 103 A Example 93 A-4 a-6 189 411 117 A Example 94 A-4 c-1 196 390 99 A Example 95 A-5 a-4 192 405 111 A Example 96 A-5 a-7 189 357 89 A Example 97 A-5 b-2 195 408 109 A Example 98 A-5 d-1 153 286 87 A Example 99 A-6 a-12 200 421 111 A Example 100 A-6 a-14 225 440 96 A Example 101 A-6 d-4 151 295 95 A Example 102 A-7 a-1 189 357 89 A Example 103 A-7 a-4 194 402 107 A Example 104 A-7 d-1 187 302 61 A Example 105 A-9 a-3 188 365 94 A Example 106 A-9 a-6 192 408 113 A Example 107 A-9 a-7 193 378 96 A Example 108 A-9 d-3 196 408 108 A Example 109 A-10 a-13 202 459 127 A Example 110 A-10 b-5 199 376 89 A Example 111 A-10 d-2 206 389 89 A Example 112 A-12 a-5 198 349 86 A Example 113 A-12 a-10 190 452 138 A Example 114 A-12 a-11 187 375 101 A Example 115 A-12 b-5 191 407 113 A Example 116 A-12 d-2 187 400 114 A Example 117 A-13 a-2 190 374 97 A Example 118 A-13 a-4 201 443 120 A Example 119 A-13 b-2 200 434 117 A Example 120 A-13 d-1 196 365 86 A Example 121 A-15 a-2 189 369 95 A Example 122 A-15 a-12 214 456 113 A Example 123 A-15 a-14 208 396 90 A Example 124 A-15 d-4 201 375 87 A Example 125 A-16 a-1 192 375 95 A Example 126 A-16 b-1 191 374 96 A Example 127 A-16 d-1 195 389 99 A Example 128 A-17 a-1 193 377 95 A Example 129 A-17 a-4 201 406 102 A Example 130 A-17 a-13 212 396 87 A Example 131 A-17 b-2 194 399 106 A Example 132 A-17 d-3 193 395 105 A Example 133 A-19 a-3 187 364 95 A Example 134 A-19 a-11 190 372 96 A Example 135 A-19 c-1 191 368 93 A Example 136 A-20 a-5 184 352 91 A Example 137 A-20 a-9 187 370 98 A Example 138 A-20 c-2 185 369 99 A Example 139 B-1 a-2 204 386 89 A Example 140 B-1 b-3 200 384 92 A Example 141 B-1 c-2 201 384 91 A Example 142 B-1 d-1 192 395 106 A Example 143 B-2 a-4 206 420 104 A Example 144 B-2 a-5 199 397 99 A Example 145 B-2 b-2 195 425 118 A Example 146 B-2 d-3 187 395 111 A Example 147 B-4 a-1 200 386 93 A Example 148 B-4 a-6 198 427 116 A Example 149 B-4 a-7 195 388 99 A Example 150 B-4 a-10 192 432 125 A Example 151 B-4 d-2 187 415 122 A
TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 8-2 Combination of Component ratio compounds of on surface Frictional force evaluation component A and (Component A Percent Stain Example No. component B as 1) 14 kgf 70 kgf change (%) repellent Example 152 B-5 a-3 1:0.4 188 368 96 A Example 153 B-5 a-8 195 427 119 A Example 154 B-5 b-3 188 371 97 A Example 155 B-5 b-6 202 422 109 A Example 156 B-5 d-4 187 401 114 A Example 157 B-6 a-2 181 358 98 A Example 158 B-6 a-9 182 361 98 A Example 159 B-6 a-12 194 417 115 A Example 160 B-6 d-1 189 395 109 A Example 161 B-7 a-11 184 369 101 A Example 162 B-7 a-13 201 447 122 A Example 163 B-7 b-5 199 437 120 A Example 164 C-2 a-7 183 355 94 A Example 165 C-2 a-12 189 395 109 A Example 166 C-2 a-14 182 358 97 A Example 167 C-2 d-2 176 345 96 A Example 168 C-3 a-1 177 342 93 A Example 169 C-3 a-4 182 407 124 A Example 170 C-3 a-9 178 345 94 A Example 171 C-3 b-3 177 350 98 A Example 172 C-3 d-1 175 364 108 A Example 173 D-1 a-1 180 345 92 A Example 174 D-1 a-4 187 404 116 A Example 175 D-1 b-1 178 345 94 A Example 176 D-1 c-1 177 348 97 A Example 177 D-2 a-3 180 355 97 A Example 178 D-2 a-7 180 356 98 A Example 179 D-2 a-8 191 407 113 A Example 180 D-2 b-6 189 412 118 A Example 181 D-2 d-3 180 397 121 A Example 182 D-3 a-10 194 411 112 A Example 183 D-3 a-13 207 415 100 A Example 184 D-3 a-14 190 371 95 A Example 185 D-3 b-3 201 409 103 A Example 186 D-4 a-5 190 374 97 A Example 187 D-4 a-6 198 397 101 A Example 188 D-4 d-1 192 375 95 A Example 189 D-5 a-11 188 362 93 A Example 190 D-5 a-12 194 401 107 A Example 191 D-5 b-6 197 417 112 A Example 192 D-5 c-2 195 400 105 A Example 193 D-5 d-2 187 397 112 A Example 194 D-6 a-3 184 358 95 A Example 195 D-6 a-9 187 361 93 A Example 196 D-6 b-2 191 404 112 A Example 197 D-6 b-4 192 412 115 A Example 198 D-6 d-4 187 395 111 A Example 199 D-7 a-2 178 342 92 A Example 200 D-7 a-4 189 416 120 A Example 201 D-7 b-5 177 348 97 A Example 202 E-1 a-5 181 347 92 A Example 203 E-1 a-6 204 430 111 A Example 204 E-1 b-4 201 435 116 A Example 205 E-1 d-1 188 407 116 A Example 206 E-2 a-8 205 428 109 A Example 207 E-2 a-11 194 362 87 A Example 208 E-2 b-6 203 421 107 A Example 209 E-2 d-2 197 399 103 A Example 210 E-3 a-4 199 418 110 A Example 211 E-3 c-1 188 363 93 A Example 212 E-3 d-4 188 375 99 A Example 213 A-3 d-5 122 207 70 A Example 214 A-8 d-5 130 211 62 A
Comparative Example 1
[0173] The compound (A-3) listed in Table 2-1 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The frictional force measurement and the evaluation of the stain-repellent performance were also conducted as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 2
[0174] The compound (A-8) listed in Table 2-1 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The frictional force measurement and the evaluation of the stain-repellent performance were also conducted as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 3
[0175] The compound (B-3) listed in Table 2-2 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 4
[0176] The compound (C-1) listed in Table 2-2 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 5
[0177] The compound (D-1) listed in Table 2-2 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 6
[0178] The compound (a-3) listed in Table 5 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 7
[0179] The compound (a-4) listed in Table 5 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 8
[0180] The compound (b-3) listed in Table 5 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 9
[0181] The compound (b-4) listed in Table 5 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 10
[0182] The compound (c-1) listed in Table 5 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 11
[0183] The compound (c-2) listed in Table 5 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Example 12
[0184] The compound (d-1) listed in Table 6 was solely introduced into a metal container to prepare the material for forming the surface layer, and subsequently the undercoat layer and the surface layer were formed as in Example 1 to produce the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9.
Comparative Examples 13 and 14
[0185] Except that each compound listed in Table 2-1 was used as component A, each compound listed in Table 5 was used as component B, and the compositional ratio of component B to component A in the formed surface layer was altered as described in Table 9, the same procedure as in Example 1, including the formation of the undercoat layer and the surface layer, was repeated, thereby producing the optical member. The results are shown in Table 9. It was found that in Example 13 and 14, as in Example 1, the compositional ratio of component B to component A in the obtained surface layer agreed with the mass ratio of component B to component A in the material for forming the surface layer.
TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 9 Component Combination of ratio on compounds of surface Frictional force evaluation component A and (Component Percent Stain Example No. component B A as 1) 14 kgf 70 kgf change (%) repellent Comparative only A-3 144 189 31 A example 1 Comparative only A-8 145 187 29 A example 2 Comparative only B-3 168 213 27 A example 3 Comparative only C-1 147 188 28 A example 4 Comparative only D-1 168 213 27 A example 5 Comparative only a-3 O.L. O.L. B example 6 Comparative only a-4 O.L. O.L. B example 7 Comparative only b-3 O.L O.L. B example 8 Comparative only b-4 O.L O.L B example 9 Comparative onlyc-1 O.L. O.L B example 10 Comparative only c-2 O.L. O.L. B example 11 Comparative onlyd-1 O.L. O.L. B example 12 Comparative A-3 a-4 1:0.01 145 200 41 A example 13 Comparative 1:5.0 O.L. O.L. B example 14
[0186] In Table 9, O.L. indicates that the frictional force could not be measured due to overload.
Example 215
[0187] Eyeglasses were prepared by machining the optical members (i.e., glass lenses) prepared as described in Example 5 and mounting the machined optical members in a commercially available frame. The frictional force measurement and the evaluation of the stain-repellent performance were conducted as in Example 1 on the optical members in the prepared spectacles. The results are shown in Table 7-1.
Example 216
(Preparation of Material for Forming the Surface Layer)
[0188] The compound (A-3) listed in Table 2-1 as component A and the compound (a-3) listed in Table 5 as component B were blended in a glass container in a mass ratio of component B to component A of 0.30. Subsequently, isohexane (product name: isohexane, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) of the weight equal to the total weight of component A and component B was added into the glass container containing component A and component B, and the resulting mixture was stirred until component A and component B were no longer visibly identifiable in the glass container, to thereby obtain a material for forming the surface layer 2.
(Preparation of Surface Layer)
[0189] The optical member comprising the surface layer of the present disclosure was prepared by coating the material for forming the surface layer 2 on a borosilicate glass plate which serves as the base material 11 having a thickness of 3 mm using a bar coater, followed by drying at 25 C. for 24 hours. The frictional force measurement and the evaluation of the stain-repellent performance were also conducted as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 7-1. As in Example 1, the compositional ratio of component B to component A in the surface layer obtained in Example 216 agreed with the mass ratio of component B to component A in the material for forming the surface layer.
[0190] While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.