Abstract
An anti-climbing protection apparatus for a rail vehicle includes at least one buffer supported by an energy absorption element connected to a rail vehicle frame. In order to permit such a protection apparatus to be produced economically, to reliably prevent overriding and to be comparatively easy to retrofit, a bearing element is fastened to an end of the energy absorption element facing away from the vehicle frame. The bearing element supports an anti-climbing protection device at an end thereof protruding in a vertical direction from the buffer. In the event of a crash, a horizontally oriented stop, in cooperation with the front of the rail vehicle, permits an anti-climbing protection element of the anti-climbing protection device to be brought from the stop into an anti-climbing protection position extending outward over the buffer.
Claims
1. An anti-climbing protection apparatus for a rail vehicle, the anti-climbing protection apparatus comprising: an energy absorption element connected to a vehicle frame of the rail vehicle and having an end facing away from the vehicle frame; at least one buffer supported by said energy absorption element; a bearing element fastened to said end of said energy absorption element facing away from the vehicle frame, said bearing element having an end projecting vertically from said at least one buffer; an anti-climbing protection device supported by said end of said bearing element projecting vertically from said at least one buffer, said anti-climbing protection device including an anti-climbing protection element; and a horizontally aligned stop moving said anti-climbing protection element interacting with the front of the rail vehicle into an anti-climbing protection position extending over said at least one buffer in the event of a crash.
2. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stop is fastened in a vicinity of the front of the rail vehicle.
3. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stop is fastened to said anti-climbing protection device.
4. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stop and said anti-climbing protection device are disposed above said energy absorption element.
5. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: said bearing element includes a rocker joint disposed below said energy absorption element and an end disposed above said energy absorption element; said anti-climbing protection device includes a pivoting bracket having two bracket arms and being pivotably mounted via one of said bracket arms on said rocker joint of said bearing element; and said pivoting bracket is supported at said end of said bearing element disposed above said energy absorption element permitting the other of said bracket arms to be moved into said anti-climbing protection position by said stop on the rail vehicle in the event of a crash.
6. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said stop and said anti-climbing protection device are disposed below said energy absorption element.
7. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said anti-climbing protection device includes a guide, and said anti-climbing protection element is a slider being held in said guide, being horizontally displaceable in said guide and having an end facing said stop and projecting from said guide.
8. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said slider is arrested against unwanted slipping in an initial operating position.
9. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 7, which further comprises a break-off connection holding said slider in said guide.
10. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said slider has an end facing away from said stop and a horizontal rib at said end facing away from said stop.
11. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said slider or said slider element has an end facing away from said stop and a catch at said end.
12. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 1, which further comprises: a slider part facing said stop; said anti-climbing protection element being a slider element connected in a longitudinally offset manner through one rated break point to said slider part; said slider part being connected through a further rated break point to said guide; and said one rated break point being stronger than said further rated break point.
13. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said slider element and said slider part have a constant thickness over their length and are correspondingly wedge-shaped in sections.
14. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said slider part widens in a wedge shape towards said stop and said slider element widens in a wedge shape away from said stop.
15. The anti-climbing protection apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said slider or said slider element has an end facing away from said stop and a catch at said end.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
(1) The invention is further explained in the drawings, in which:
(2) FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first exemplary embodiment of the inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus comprising a slider arranged above the energy absorption element, in various positions during different stages of a crash,
(3) FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus comprising a stop on the slider, inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus comprising an additional horizontal rib on that end of the slider which faces away from the stop,
(4) FIGS. 6 to 8 show a further exemplary embodiment of the inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus comprising a slider arranged below the energy absorption element, during different stages of a crash,
(5) FIGS. 9 to 12 show a further exemplary embodiment of the inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus comprising a slider part and a slider element having constant thickness,
(6) FIGS. 13 to 16 show an exemplary embodiment comprising a wedge-shaped slider element and a wedge-shaped slider part,
(7) FIGS. 17 to 19 show an exemplary embodiment comprising a pivoting bracket as an anti-climbing protection element, and
(8) FIG. 20 shows a further exemplary embodiment comprising a pivoting bracket which is embodied with an additional horizontal rib at that end of the pivoting bracket which faces away from the stop.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(9) FIGS. 1 to 3, in which corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference signs, schematically show a vehicle frame 1 of a rail vehicle which is not shown in further detail. Attached to the vehicle frame 1 is an energy absorption element 2 having a bearing element 4 at its end 3 which faces away from the vehicle frame 1. The bearing element 4 supports an anti-climbing protection device 5 that has a guide 6 in which a slider 8 is held by means of a break-off connection 7. At its left-hand end in FIGS. 1 to 3, the slider 8 is located directly in front of or abuts a stop 9 which is fastened to the vehicle frame 1.
(10) FIGS. 1 to 3 also show that a buffer 10 is held in the energy absorption element 2 in a conventional manner, wherein said buffer 10 faces a buffer 11 of an opposing vehicle in the event of a crash. This buffer 11 is guided and/or held in an energy absorption element 12 directly in the opposing vehicle.
(11) FIG. 1 shows a state in which the buffers 10 and 11 of two rail vehicles abut with a vertical offset, as occurs during operation when rail vehicles come together in a normal manner.
(12) If the rail vehicle having the vehicle frame 1 and the buffer 10 are pressed against the buffer 11 of the opposing vehicle in the event of a crash, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the energy absorption element 2 is first compressed and thereby shortened in length. At the same time, the stop 9 is pushed against the slider 8 of the anti-climbing protection device 5, the break-off connection 7 being severed and the slider 8 being shifted in the direction of the arrow 13. In this way, the slider 8 is moved into an anti-climbing protection position, this being produced by virtue of the slider 8 sliding over the buffer 11 of the opposing vehicle and thereby preventing any overriding of the buffer 11 and the opposing vehicle connected thereto.
(13) FIG. 3 shows that during the course of the crash the energy absorption element 2 is compressed even further than is illustrated in FIG. 2, whereby the vehicle frame 1 comes even closer to the vehicle frame of the opposing vehicle (not shown) and the buffer 11, the stop 9 being then deformed or broken off depending on the design.
(14) In the case of the exemplary embodiment of the inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus according to FIG. 4, an anti-climbing protection device 20 is used which again features a slider 21 in a guide 22. The slider 21 is again connected to the guide 22 by means of a rated break point 23. Unlike the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, a stop 24 is attached to the slider 21 in this exemplary embodiment and, in the event of a crash, is pushed against a front region 25 of the vehicle frame 26 of the rail vehicle, which is likewise not illustrated in detail here.
(15) The operation of this anti-climbing protection device otherwise corresponds exactly to that explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, and a detailed description thereof is therefore omitted here in order to avoid repetition.
(16) This applies likewise to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, which differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 only in that a slider 27 features an additional horizontal rib 28 by means of which the slider 27 can also interlock (in a manner which is not shown) with a correspondingly embodied vehicle front of the opposing vehicle.
(17) The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6 to 8 corresponds largely to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, differing in that an anti-climbing protection device 30 here is located vertically below an energy absorption element 31 or a buffer 32. A stop 33 here is likewise attached to the vehicle frame 34 in a different, low region. FIG. 6 illustrates the anti-climbing protection apparatus in the normal state.
(18) FIGS. 7 and 8 show the various states in the event of a crash, wherein the states according to FIGS. 7 and 8 correspond analogously to FIGS. 2 and 3.
(19) The exemplary embodiment of the inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus illustrated in various states in FIGS. 9 to 12 has an anti-climbing protection device 40 which is again supported by a bearing element 41. The bearing element 41 is in turn attached to that end 43 of an energy absorption element 44 which faces away from a vehicle frame 42.
(20) The anti-climbing protection device 40 here has an anti-climbing protection element in the form of a slider element 45 which is guided in a guide 46. As shown in the magnified illustration of the anti-climbing protection device 40 according to FIG. 10, the slider element 45 is connected in a longitudinally offset manner by means of a rated break point 47 to a slider part 48, which itself is fastened via a further rated break point 49 to the guide 46. At its left-hand end as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the slider part 48 is located directly in front of or abuts a stop 50 which is fastened to the vehicle frame 42. The slider part 48 is so designed as to be sectionally wedge-shaped relative to the slider element 45. A buffer 51 is held in a sprung manner in the energy absorption element 44.
(21) If a crash with an opposing vehicle having a buffer 52 as shown in FIG. 9 occurs, a compression of the energy absorption element 44 initially takes place here again, the distance of the bearing element 41 from the vehicle frame 42 being shortened. The slider part 48 is thereby pushed in the direction of the arrow 53 by means of the stop 50, severing the further rated break point 49, and the slider element 45 is carried along with it. In this case, the latter slides into the anti-climbing protection position over the buffer 52, its catch 55 behind the buffer 52 of the opposing vehicle which is not otherwise illustrated (cf. FIGS. 10 and 12), and is arrested in this position by its stop 54.
(22) During the further course of the supposed crash (see FIG. 12), the energy absorption element 44 is compressed even further as shown in FIG. 11. In this context, the slider part 48 is pushed further in the direction of the arrow 53 by means of the stop 50, severing the rated break point 47, until the slider part 48 and the slider element 45 are jammed together in the guide 46. The rated break point 47 is so designed as to be stronger than the rated break point 49.
(23) During the further course of a supposed crash, the stop 50 is deformed in a plastic manner or broken. The slider element 45 with its catch 55 prevents overriding of the opposing vehicle, and is secured in the guide 46 against backward displacement due to any possible horizontal force effects caused by the collision.
(24) The exemplary embodiment of the inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus shown in FIGS. 13 to 16 differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 12 in that a slider element 60 here is designed in the shape of a wedge, this decreasing in width towards a stop 61, and is securely connected to a slider part 63 via a rated break point 62. Said slider part 63 is likewise designed in the shape of a wedge, but increases in width towards the stop 61 and is connected via a further rated break point 64 to the guide 65.
(25) If a crash occurs, an energy absorption element 67 is compressed and the stop 61 is pressed against the slider part 63 in this case. The rated break point 64 is severed first in this case, because it is weaker than the further rated break point 62. The slider element 60 with its catch 69 is pushed as far as the stop 70, and slides over a buffer 68 of an opposing vehicle which is not illustrated further (see in particular FIG. 14 showing a magnified illustration of the anti-climbing protection apparatus 66).
(26) It can be seen from FIG. 15 that the energy absorption element 67 is compressed even further during the crash. In this context, the slider part 63 is pushed further in the direction of the arrow 71 by means of the stop 61, severing the rated break point 62, until it is jammed together with the slider element 60 in the guide 65. During the further course of the supposed crash, the energy absorption element 67 is further compressed as shown in FIG. 16. In this context, the stop 61 is deformed in a plastic manner or broken. The slider element 60 with its catch 69 prevents overriding of the opposing vehicle, and is secured in the guide 65 against backward displacement due to any possible horizontal force effects caused by the collision.
(27) FIGS. 17 to 19 show a further exemplary embodiment of the inventive anti-climbing protection apparatus in various positions during a crash.
(28) In this case, FIG. 17 shows the initial position, i.e. before the crash, of an anti-climbing protection apparatus, here comprising an anti-climbing protection device 80 which is again attached to that side 82 of an energy absorption element 83 which faces away from a vehicle frame 81. Specifically, a bearing element 84 is attached to this end of the energy absorption element 83 and has a rocker joint 85, by means of which a pivoting bracket 86 is pivotably mounted, below the energy absorption element. A locking wedge 87 is formed on the bearing element 84 above the energy absorption element 83, and is connected to said bearing element 84 in a flexionally elastic manner. A stop 88 which is fastened to the vehicle frame 81 is situated opposite the pivoting bracket 86.
(29) As shown in FIG. 18, compression of the energy absorption element 83 occurs in the event of a crash, whereby the stop 88 is pushed against the pivoting bracket 86 and tilts the latter at the rocker joint 85 into the anti-climbing protection position as far as a stop 91 at the locking wedge 87. In this case, a lever arm comprising the locking wedge 87 of the support element 84 is pushed up in an elastic manner and locks the pivoting bracket 86 as soon as the anti-climbing protection position is reached at the stop 91. In the anti-climbing protection position, the pivoting bracket 86 with its bracket arm 89 is positioned over a buffer 90 of an opposing vehicle which is not shown further.
(30) FIG. 19 shows that the energy absorption element 83 is compressed even further during the further course of the supposed crash. In this context, the stop 88 is deformed in a plastic manner or broken. The pivoting bracket 86 with its bracket arm 89 prevents the overriding of the opposing vehicle and is secured against backward displacement in its anti-climbing protection position by the locking wedge 87.
(31) The anti-climbing protection apparatus shown in FIG. 20 differs from the anti-climbing protection apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 17 to 19 in that additional horizontal ribbing 101 is provided on a pivoting bracket 100, by means of which vertical deviation is prevented in the event of a crash with a vehicle which is structurally identical or which has a vehicle front that is configured correspondingly.
