Abstract
An electric motor includes a motor winding interconnection for operating an electrosurgical instrument with exactly one motor platform that is designed to operate the motor at a first operating voltage and a second operating voltage different from the first operating voltage. The motor platform includes a circuit, preferably a delta circuit or a star circuit, formed in each case by three phases with a respective phase coil. At least one phase coil is formed from N>1 interconnected individual coils. At the first operating voltage, the N individual coils of each phase coil are connected in parallel. At the second operating voltage, the N individual coils of each phase coil are connected in series. At least one short-circuiting mechanism per phase coil switches over between the first and second operating voltage.
Claims
1.-11. (canceled)
12. An electric motor with a motor winding interconnection for operating an electrosurgical instrument with exactly one motor platform, which is provided and configured to operate the motor at a first operating voltage and at a second operating voltage different from the first operating voltage, and a circuit is provided on the motor platform, which is formed in each case by three phases with in each case one phase coil each, and at least one phase coil is formed from N>1 interconnected individual coils, wherein, in the first operating voltage, the N individual coils of each phase coil are connected in parallel and in the second operating voltage, the N individual coils of each phase coil are connected in series, and the switching between the first and second operating voltages via at least one short-circuiting means per phase coil is provided, wherein the at least one short-circuiting means is configured as a passive component and wherein the motor platform is provided and designed in such a way that the motor characteristic and the characteristic values of the motor are identical during operation in the first and second operating voltages, which are different from each other.
13. The electric motor according to claim 12, wherein each phase coil has individual coils and the first operating voltage for operating the motor with a battery is in a ratio of 1/N to the second operating voltage for operating the motor via a mains connection.
14. The electric motor according to claim 12, wherein the first operating voltage and the second operating voltage are in a ratio of 1/3.
15. The electric motor according to claim 12, wherein the at least one short-circuiting means is mounted on a first insertion disk, with which the N individual coils are short-circuited or with which connections between the N individual coils are interrupted in such a way that the N individual coils are connected in parallel with each other in order to operate the motor at the first operating voltage.
16. The electric motor according to claim 15, wherein the at least one short-circuiting means is mounted on a second insertion disk, with which connections between the N individual coils are interrupted or with which the N individual coils are short-circuited in such a way that the N individual coils are connected in series with each other in order to operate the motor at the second operating voltage.
17. The electric motor according to claim 16, wherein the first insertion disk is provided and configured to be inserted between the motor and the battery and/or the second insertion disk is provided and configured to be inserted between the motor and the mains connection.
18. The electric motor according to claim 16, wherein the first insertion disk is provided and configured to be inserted between the motor and the battery and/or the second insertion disk is provided and configured to be inserted between the motor and the mains connection.
19. The electric motor according to claim 12, wherein the motor platform has four output conductors per phase, which are directed towards the battery or the mains connection and can be plugged into the short-circuiting means.
20. A motor platform, which carries an entire motor winding interconnection for operating an electrosurgical instrument, comprises a circuit, which is formed by three phases with one phase coil each, and at least one phase coil is formed from N>1 interconnected individual coils, wherein, in the first operating voltage, the N individual coils of each phase coil are connected in parallel and in the second operating voltage, the N individual coils of each phase coil are connected in series, and switching between the first and second operating voltages is provided via at least one short-circuiting means per phase coil, wherein the at least one short-circuiting means is configured as a passive component and wherein the motor platform is provided and designed in such a way that the motor characteristic and the characteristic values of the motor are identical during operation in the first and second operating voltages, which are different from each other.
21. A surgical instrument comprising the electric motor according to claim 12.
22. A system comprising the electric motor according to claim 12, wherein the electric motor is provided and adapted to be driven by two different voltage sources.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES
[0039] FIG. 1 is a representation of a motor winding interconnection in a delta connection with the second operating voltage;
[0040] FIG. 2 is a representation of a motor winding interconnection in a delta connection with the first operating voltage;
[0041] FIG. 3 is a representation of a motor winding interconnection in a star connection with the second operating voltage;
[0042] FIG. 4 is a representation of a motor winding interconnection in a star connection with the first operating voltage;
[0043] FIG. 5 is a simplified representation of a circuit according to FIG. 4 with two short-circuiting means 9 for the drive with a first operating voltage;
[0044] FIG. 6 is a simplified representation of a circuit according to FIG. 3 with two short-circuiting means 9 for the drive with a second operating voltage;
[0045] FIG. 7 is an exploded view of an electric motor with the first operating voltage and the first insertion disk;
[0046] FIG. 8 is an exploded view of an electric motor with the second operating voltage and the second insertion disk;
[0047] FIG. 9 is a representation of the electric motor and its motor platform; and
[0048] FIG. 10 is a representation of the motor winding interconnection of the three individual coils of a phase coil in mains operation and in battery operation.
[0049] In the figures, identical reference signs denote identical or at least equivalent parts and components. For practical purposes, multiple redundant descriptions of such parts and components are omitted.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0050] The invention is explained in more detail below by means of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures. For the sake of clarity, only one phase coil 7 has been replaced by the corresponding individual coils 8 in the figures.
[0051] FIG. 1 is a representation of a motor winding interconnection 1 in a delta connection with the second operating voltage 5. On the left side of FIG. 1, a delta connection known from the prior art can be seen. The delta connection consists of three phases 6, each with a phase coil 7. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the three phase coils 7 is replaced by three individual coils 8.
[0052] The three individual coils 8 can be seen on the right side of FIG. 1. The three individual coils 8 are connected in series between a phase input 6a and a phase output 6b. The arrows on the right side of FIG. 1 indicate the direction of the current flow.
[0053] Such a motor winding interconnection 1 is provided for mains operation and has the following optimum configuration for the second operating voltage 5:
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Magnetic flux Φ = constant Voltage U (e.g. 36 volts) Number of turns N Coil current I Wire cross section A Resistance R
[0054] FIG. 2 is a representation of a motor winding interconnection 1 as a delta connection with the first operating voltage 4. On the left side of FIG. 2, a delta connection known from the prior art can be seen. The delta connection consists of three phases 6, each with a phase coil 7. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the three phase coils 7 is replaced by three individual coils 8.
[0055] The right side of FIG. 2 is almost identical to the right side of FIG. 1, with the difference that two short-circuiting means 9 short-circuit the three individual coils 8 connected in series in such a way that the three individual coils 8 are now connected in parallel between the phase input 6a and the phase output 6b. The arrows shown on the right side of FIG. 2 again indicate the direction of the current flow.
[0056] Such a motor winding interconnection 1 is provided for battery operation and has the following optimum configuration for the first operating voltage 4:
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Magnetic flux Φ = constant Voltage U/3 (e.g. 12 volts) Number of turns N/3 Coil current 3I Wire cross section 3A Resistance R/3
[0057] FIG. 3 is an illustration of a motor winding interconnection 1 as a star connection with the second operating voltage 5. On the left side of FIG. 3, a star connection known from the prior art can be seen. The star connection consists of three phases 6, each with a phase coil 7. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the three phase coils 7 is replaced by three individual coils 8, as in FIG. 1.
[0058] The three individual coils 8 can be seen on the right side of FIG. 3. The three individual coils 8 are connected in series between the phase input 6a and the phase output 6b. The arrows on the right side of FIG. 3 indicate the direction of the current flow.
[0059] Such a motor winding interconnection 1 is provided for mains operation and has the same optimum configuration for the second operating voltage 5 according to preceding table 1. In contrast to the motor winding interconnection 1 according to FIG. 1, the motor winding interconnection 1 according to FIG. 3 already has two short-circuiting means 9 which enable the three individual coils 8 to be connected in series between the phase input 6a and the phase output 6b.
[0060] FIG. 4 is an illustration of a motor winding interconnection 1 as a star connection with the first operating voltage 4. On the left side of FIG. 4, a star connection known from the prior art can be seen. The star connection consists of three phases 6, each with a phase coil 7. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the three phase coils 7 is replaced by three individual coils 8.
[0061] The right side of FIG. 4 corresponds almost completely to the right side of FIG. 3, with the difference that two short-circuiting means 9 short-circuit the three series-connected individual coils 8 in such a way that the three individual coils 8 are now connected in parallel between the phase input 6a and the phase output 6b. The arrows shown on the right side of FIG. 4 again indicate the direction of the current flow.
[0062] Such a motor winding interconnection 1 is provided for battery operation and has the same optimal configuration for the first operating voltage 4 according to preceding table 2 above. In contrast to the motor winding interconnection 1 according to FIG. 2, the motor winding interconnection 1 according to FIG. 4 has other short-circuiting means 9 which enable the three individual coils 8 to be connected in parallel with each other between the phase input 6a and the phase output 6b.
[0063] Based on these above configurations and the motor winding interconnections 1 when operating the electric motor 2 in the first operating voltage 4 according to FIGS. 2 and 4 or respectively in the second operating voltage 5 according to FIGS. 1 and 3, it is possible to obtain the same power characteristics for the first as well as for the second operating voltage 4 and 5. Therefore, according to the following formulas, the following relationship applies between the series connection according to FIG. 1 or 2 and the parallel connection according to FIG. 2 or 4:
U.sub.series=U.sub.1+U.sub.2+U.sub.3=3U(≙36 volts)
U.sub.paranel=U.sub.1=U.sub.2=U.sub.3=U(≙12 volts)
[0064] Thus, the ratio of the first operating voltage 4 to the second operating voltage 5 is one to three.
[0065] In an alternative embodiment, only two individual coils 8 can be used for each phase coil 7, with the result that the ratio of the first operating voltage 4 to the second operating voltage 5 is one to two. Accordingly, N>1 interconnected individual coils 8 can be used, resulting in a one to N ratio.
[0066] FIG. 5 is a simplified representation of a circuit according to FIG. 4 with two short-circuiting means 9 for the drive with a first operating voltage 4. FIG. 5 shows the motor platform 3, which is directed towards the battery 10 or the mains connection 11. Four output conductors 14 emerge from the motor platform 3. Two of the four output conductors 14 are short-circuited to each other via one of the two short-circuiting means 9 and connected to the phase input 6a. The other two of the four output conductors 14 are short-circuited to each other via the other short-circuiting means 9 and connected to the phase output 6b. All connections of the output conductor 14, which are not visible on the motor platform 3, are provided as fixed connections on the other side, as explained below for a preferred embodiment in FIG. 10.
[0067] FIG. 6 is a simplified representation of a circuit according to FIG. 3 with two short-circuiting means 9 for the drive with a second operating voltage 5. FIG. 6 shows the motor platform 3, which is directed towards the battery 10 or the mains connection 11. Four output conductors 14 emerge from the motor platform 3. Two of the four output conductors 14 are short-circuited to each other via one of the two short-circuiting means 9. The other two of the four output conductors 14 are short-circuited to each other via the other short-circuiting means 9. All connections of the output conductor 14, which are not visible on the motor platform 3, are provided as fixed connections on the other side, as explained below for a preferred embodiment in FIG. 10.
[0068] FIG. 7 is an exploded view of an electric motor 2 with the first operating voltage and the first insertion disk 12. FIG. 7 shows the electric motor 2, the battery 10 and the first insertion disk 12. Three phases 6 emerge from the battery 10, which supply the electric motor 2 with power. The first insertion disk 12 is inserted between the electric motor 2 and the battery 10. The first insertion disk 12 has three phase holes 16. A phase 6 protruding from the battery 10 is inserted into each phase hole 16. On the motor support side 15, which is the side facing away from the battery 10, a plurality of short-circuiting means 9 are provided to short-circuit the individual coils 8 of FIGS. 2 and 4 together.
[0069] The electric motor 2 also has three phase holes 16, as shown in FIG. 9, into which the phases 6 of the battery 10 are inserted. Four output conductors 14 emerge from the motor platform 3 of the electric motor 2 for each individual coil 8 integrated in the electric motor 2. The four output conductors 14 are short-circuited accordingly when the first insertion disk 12 is inserted between the electric motor 2 and the battery 10.
[0070] FIG. 8 is an exploded view of an electric motor 2 with the second operating voltage and the second insertion disk 13. FIG. 8 shows the electric motor 2, the mains connection 11 and the second insertion disk 13. Three phases 6 emerge from the mains connection 11 and supply the electric motor 2 with power. The second insertion disk 13 is inserted between the electric motor 2 and the mains connection 11. The second insertion disk 13 has three phase holes 16. A phase 6 protruding from the mains connection 11 is inserted into each phase hole 16. On the motor support side 15, which is the side facing away from the mains connection 11, there are several short-circuiting means 9 which short-circuit the individual coils 8 from FIGS. 2 and 4 with each other.
[0071] As shown in FIG. 7, the electric motor 2 also has three phase holes 16, as shown in FIG. 9, into which the phases 6 of the mains connection 11 are inserted. Four output conductors 14 emerge from the motor platform 3 of the electric motor 2 for each individual coil 8 integrated in the electric motor 2. The four output conductors 14 are short-circuited accordingly when the second insertion disk 13 is inserted between the electric motor 2 and the mains connection 11.
[0072] FIG. 9 is a representation of the electric motor 2 and its motor platform 3. Four output conductors 14 emerge from the motor platform 3 for each individual coil 8 integrated in the electric motor 2. These are connected by inserting the first or second insertion disk 12 or 13 according to FIGS. 5 and 6 via short-circuiting means 9 (not shown). Thus, this motor platform can be used unchanged in the first operating mode 4 and in the second operating mode 5.
[0073] FIG. 10 is a representation of the motor winding interconnection 1 of the three individual coils 8 of a phase coil 7 in the electric motor 2 with the first operating voltage 4 and the second operating voltage 5. FIG. 10 shows on the left side the motor winding interconnection 1 of the three individual coils 8 and their connection to the respective four output conductors 14, which emerge from the motor platform 3 to operate the electric motor 2 via a mains connection 11 in the second operating voltage 5.
[0074] The right side of FIG. 10 again shows the motor winding interconnection 1 according to the left side and its four output conductors 14, which are plugged through the motor platform 3. Two respective ones of the four output conductors 14 are short-circuited to each other via a short-circuiting means 9 in order to operate the electric motor 2 via a battery 10 in the first operating voltage 4.
[0075] It should be noted that the motor platform 3 may be configured as a circuit board, which has the individual coil 8 and fixed connections on the side facing the electric motor 2 and on the other side correspondingly the output conductors 14 emerge, which are short-circuited via a first or second insertion disk 12 or 13.
