Abstract
We have described herein a method and associated apparatus that can halt global warming with significant economic benefits. They include (1), re-scrub half the carbon dioxide emitted from calcining baking soda into soda ash to produce twice as much soda ash and twice as much ammonium chloride as comparing with the standard Solvay ammonia soda ash process; Use the ammonium chloride as sugarcane fertilizer producing fuel ethanol, and bagasse, a photosynthesized bio-fuel from carbon dioxide already presented in the earth atmosphere for power generation, and (2), expand the sugarcane plantation areas into desert oasis using desert heat to produce distilled water for irrigation, pumped by solar heated hydraulic press pumps to supplement insufficient rain forest resources on earth's continents to accelerate reaching carbon neutral on capture annually twenty five billion tons of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from earth atmosphere economically.
Claims
1. To further enlarge regions suitable for sugarcane plantation beyond areas having heavy nature rainfall, to an extend large enough to reach carbon neutral by capturing twenty five billion tons of carbon dioxide annually from atmosphere, a distill water producing apparatus as depicted in FIG. 3, to produce fresh water from seawater to irrigate desert land into oasis suitable for growing sugarcane. Said distilling apparatus is designed to take advantage of greenhouse effect under desert-hot weather condition, further comprising: A. A multitude of sealed off segments of enclosures with outer, larger diameter steel tube 302 painted black outside and inside, and an inner, smaller diameter stainless steel tube 303 painted black outside, sealed off on the two ends by segment partition plates 304 and 305 to prevent hot air from escaping; B. A multitude of parabolic troughs with foci lines coincide with said inner tub; C. A separation tank that separates distilled water vapor from concentrated salt solution; D. A heat exchange unit that condenses the water vapor with external evaporation chilling. And E. A pump that pumps seawater through said smaller diameter stainless steel tube 303.
2. A pump as recited in claim 2E, as depicted in FIG. 2, able to use solar heating as a free source of energy to pump water from one dry region to another dry region to enlarge areas where are short of rainfall but after receiving the pumped water, become suitable to grow sugarcane for fuel ethanol and cellulose bagasse bio-fuel, further comprising: A. Two reservoirs 202a and 202b that house the bi-component working medium consists of one-to-one mole ratio of carbon dioxide dissolved into water, while heated by solar heating via a heat exchange 203a associated with reservoir 202a, and a heat exchange 203b associated with reservoir 202b, creates large pressure increment that powers said pump via hydraulic pressure difference; B. In association of reservoir 202a, a movable piston 202c, and in association of reservoir 202b, a movable piston 202d; C. A rigid connecting rod 205 connects pistons 202b and 202d, on rod 205, one marker pin 206a is mounted on the side of piston 202c, away from the midpoint of rod 205 by the stroke distance that piston 202b travels, another marker pin 206b is mounted on the side of piston 202d by the stroke distance that piston 202d travels; D. A location sensor 207 mounted at the midpoint of the frame 208 of the hydraulic press 201; E. An onboard electronic controller with storage battery pack and battery charging photovoltaic cell modules. F. A plastic lens 204 pivoted through the lens' center of gravity axis to save power consumption of moving the lens 204, as the location sensor 207 made contact with the marker pin 206a or 206b, said electronic controller shall rotate the plastic lens 204 away from focusing over the current heat exchange, and focus upon the heat exchange associated with the compressed reservoir; And G. An on-board software able to locate the location of the sun as a function of the date and time of the on board electronic watch, and pointing the lens 204 accordingly.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
[0020] FIG. 1 shows the flow-diagram of total carbon dioxide capture scrubbing system.
[0021] FIG. 2 shows the structure of solar powered hydraulic pump;
[0022] FIG. 3 shows the distilled-water producing tube heater device.
[0023] FIG. 4 shows the prior art kiln arrangement that carries out the reaction of Equation (b);
[0024] In the prior art practice as shown in FIG. 4, Equation (b) is carried out in a kiln 401 slightly tilted with an angle from upper, inlet end 402 toward lower, outlet end 403. It is well known from skilled operators in the art, if freshly centrifuged baking soda is fed into the inlet of the kiln, Equation (b) will be carried out in a very unsatisfactory manner that the newly formed soda ash at above 350 degree Centigrade will form a cake with wet baking soda in mixture of small percentage of soda ash, rendering the reaction of Equation (b) incomplete thus the product is not sellable.
[0025] To remediate this problem, small percentage of freshly centrifuged baking soda is mixed with large percentage of soda ash powder previously obtained from outlet 403, charged into inlet 402, then a sellable product of soda ash powders are thus obtained.
BEST EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
[0026] In FIG. 1, the upper exhaust 101 of the calcining kiln containing one-half of the carbon dioxide captured by the conventional Solvay process is pumped into the bottom inlet 102 of the scrubbing tower 103, The baking soda, after separated from the centrifuge, is converted into soda ash as usual according to the prior art descriptions of FIG. 4.
[0027] For the purpose of collecting pure form of CO.sub.2+H.sub.20 usable as bi-component working medium to power a hydraulic press unit used either as a pump or as a shipping vessel, the baking soda to soda ash conversion kiln 104 is equipped with a vacuum pump to remove air in the kiln 104 and the CO.sub.2+H.sub.20 mixture so produced can be collected through a three way valve 105 whose outlet 105a is connected to the bottom inlet 102 of the scrubbing tower, and the other outlet 105b is connected to a CO.sub.2+H.sub.20 storage tank 106 for future use as the working medium of said hydraulic press.
[0028] In FIG. 2, the hydraulic press 201 is consisting of two CO.sub.2+H.sub.20 reservoirs 202a associated with moveable piston 202c, and reservoir 202b associated with moveable piston 202d, each reservoir is equipped with its own heat exchange unit 203a or 203b, obtaining its heat alternatively from the sunray condensing lens 204 pivoted through the lens' center of gravity axis to save power consumption of moving the lens 204. As the pressure at reservoir 202a increases, a rigid connecting rod 205 connecting pistons 202c and 202d pushes the lower pressure reservoir 202b into contraction. The connection rod 205 has two marker pins 206a and 206b mounted each at a fixed distance from the midpoint of the connection rod. A location sensor 207 at the midpoint location relative to the frame 208 of the hydraulic press 201 detected either the marker pin 206a or the marker pin 206b has made a contact with the location sensor 207, the electronics on board of hydraulic press 201 rotates the condensing plastic lens 204 from the heat exchange being heated to the heat exchange that was not heated. The process will go on continuously as long as the sunray is able to move the marker pin 206a or 206b passing through location sensor 207. The movement stops when the cloud covers the hydraulic press 201 until the cloud escapes, than the movement resumes. The hydraulic press 201 is equipped with enough photovoltaic solar panels 208 and storage battery 209 to support on board electronics, which also can locate the location of the sun as a function of the date and time of the on board electronic watch, and pointing the lens 204 accordingly.
[0029] In FIG. 3, 301A shows the side view of a section of the distilled-water producing tube heater device. 301B shows the cross-sectional view of the distilled-water producing tube heater device. And 301C shows the overall layout of the water distiller.
[0030] In both 301A and 301B, 302 is the outer, large diameter steel tube, and 303 is the inner, smaller diameter stainless steel tube. Between the outer tube and the inner tube, segment partition plates 304 and 305 are welded solid-tie to form a closed enclosure avoiding the escaping leakage of hot air. In order to heat the inner tube to a temperature higher than the equilibrium temperature of a blackbody radiation enclosure, a multitude of reflective troughs 306 whole foci line are coincide with the inner tube, focusing the infrared radiation onto the inner tube.
[0031] The inner tubes from the segments are connected together in sequence to allow seawater passing through. After certain distance, the seawater inside the inner tube is feed into a separation tank wherein the steam and highly concentrated salt solution are separated, avoiding salt crystallizing inside the inner tube. The separated vapor is allowed to condense into distilled water inside a heat exchange using external evaporation cooling.
