Collar bearing for a telescopic boom as well as telescopic boom and crane

Abstract

The invention relates to a collar bearing for a telescopic boom for the sliding support of two telescopic sections in the collar region of the outer telescopic section, wherein the collar bearing includes fixing means, whereby the collar bearing selectively is releasably connectable with the outer or inner telescopic section.

Claims

1. A telescopic boom (2), comprising a collar bearing situated upon an outer hollow articulation section (3) and arranged for sliding support of two inner telescopic sections (5a, 5b) in a collar region of the outer hollow articulation section (3) arranged to receive the telescopic sections (5a, 5b) therein, wherein the collar bearing includes a collar (13) situated at an end of the articulation section (3), a guide frame (50) concentrically arranged between the outer articulation section (3) and an outermost telescopic section (5a) of said two telescopic section (5a, 5b), a first guide bolt (53) arranged to couple the guide frame (50) to the outermost telescopic section (5a) and reciprocatingly seating in a matching bore on an outer circumference of the outermost telescopic section (5a), and a second guide bolt (52) mounted at the collar (13) and arranged to reciprocatingly seat in a matching bore on the guide frame (50).

2. The telescopic boom (2) according to claim 1, wherein the guide frame has one or more sliding means.

3. The telescopic boom (2) according to claim 2, wherein the sliding means are in the form of one or more bearing shoes.

4. The telescopic boom (2) according to claim 1, wherein the first and second guide bolts are actuated hydraulically.

5. The telescopic boom (2) according to claim 1, wherein the first and second guide bolts are operated automatically.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Further advantages and properties of the invention will be explained in detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1: shows the telescopic boom according to the invention during the individual assembly steps of the assembly method,

(3) FIG. 2: shows a detail view of the telescopic boom according to the invention,

(4) FIG. 3: shows a perspective detail view of the guide frame according to the invention, and

(5) FIG. 4: shows various sectional representations through the guide frame according to the invention during different assembly steps.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(6) FIG. 1 shows a crane 1 with telescopic boom 2, which includes an articulation section 3, a telescopic cylinder 4 and at least one telescopic section 5. The telescopic boom 2 is transported to the site of use separate from the crane 1. For weight reasons, at least one telescopic section 5 or a telescopic section package consisting of a plurality of telescopic sections in addition is traveled separate from the articulation section 3 and subsequently mounted at the site of use by means of an auxiliary crane 9.

(7) After the crane transport, the crane thus is brought into the operable condition at the construction site. For this purpose, the crane uppercarriage 1a is put onto the crane undercarriage 1b. Subsequently, the articulation section 3 is connected with the crane uppercarriage 1a. The articulation section 3 alone can represent a transport unit or alternatively also can already contain one or more telescopic sections 5. In any case, the telescoping cylinder 4 is present in the articulation section.

(8) At its lower end, the telescoping cylinder 4 is connected with the foot of the articulation section 3. The opposite end of the telescoping cylinder 4 is exposed and can be extended in direction of the boom head.

(9) To keep the harmful moment away from the telescoping cylinder 4 during the push-out movement of the piston rod of the cylinder 4, the telescoping cylinder 4 is supported against the inside of the articulation section 3 by means of the active prop 6 (see FIG. 2). The prop 6 is variable in length and is actuated hydraulically. The hydraulic supply is effected via the hydraulic supply of the telescoping cylinder 4.

(10) At the beginning of the assembly operation (see FIG. 1a), the articulation section 3 is kept horizontal by the guying 7 and the stay rack 8. The telescoping cylinder 4 is completely retracted and supports on the prop 6. A telescopic section package 5 to be mounted with the two telescopic sections 5a, 5b is fastened to the auxiliary crane 9 and brought into the assembly position in collar vicinity of the articulation section 3. The section 5a forms the outer telescopic section of the package 5. Both sections 5a, 5b are bolted to each other.

(11) For the accommodation of the telescopic section package 5, in particular the outer telescopic section 5a, by the telescoping cylinder 4 the same must a little bit protrude into the interior space of the articulation section 3 at the end. To simplify this operation, insertion aids in the form of slopes are provided both at the articulation section 3 and at the telescopic section 5a. Furthermore, the telescopic section package 5 is accommodated by the auxiliary crane 9 with a small diagonal pull. The telescopic section package 5 thereby is pressed against the articulation section 3 and the provided slopes come to bear.

(12) By introducing the package 5, a first centering is achieved and the first bearing point of the outer telescopic section 5a comes to bear.

(13) As is known from the prior art, there is provided a connection system in the form of several bolt connections between adjacent telescopic sections. For example, this can be a quadruple boltingaccording to the not pre-published patent application DE 10 2012 002 122or also any other bolting, for example a bottom chord bolting according to the not pre-published patent application DE 10 2013 006 259. In the assembly position, the outer telescopic section 5a with its end piece 11 protrudes into the interior space of the articulation section 3 to such an extent that the bolt or bolts 12 of the telescopic section 5a rest against the collar 13 of the articulation section 3 (FIG. 1a). The overlap of the sections 3, 5a still is extremely small at this time.

(14) In the following step, the telescoping cylinder is extended, until the auxiliary mounting head 14 according to the invention is in the actuating position for the actuatable bolt 12. The auxiliary mounting head 14 can connect itself with the telescopic section 5a and thereafter unlock the bolt 12, i.e. retract it in direction of the longitudinal axis of the telescopic section 5a, in order to eliminate a possible bolt connection or blockage of a relative movement. The telescopic section package 5 now is shiftable in the interior space of the articulation section 3.

(15) By slowly retracting the telescoping cylinder 4, the telescopic section 5 is retracted into the articulation section 3. Since the essential part of the weight force of the telescopic section 5 is held by the auxiliary crane 9 and the first bearing point in the end region 11 of the telescopic section 5a already is in engagement with the articulation section 3, the auxiliary mounting head 14 can be designed very lightweight. Besides, not all safety functions need to be contained, since the auxiliary mounting head 14 exclusively operates in the unloaded state, i.e. in the setup state. Retracting the telescopic section package 5 is effected very slowly, since there is no complete support and exact guidance between the telescopic sections, i.e. the articulation section 3 and the telescopic section package 5. What is missing is the necessary second bearing point in the region of the collar 13 of the articulation section 3.

(16) To ensure a simultaneous installation of the collar bearing during the installation of the telescopic section package 5, the guide frame 50 according to the invention (see FIG. 2), which is fixed on the outer circumference of the telescopic section 5a, also is pulled in direction of the collar 13 of the articulation section 3 together with the telescopic section 5a. This guide frame 50 contains the known and required second bearing point between the articulation section 3 and the telescopic section 5a. This bearing point also can be provided with the insertion aids already described above, whereby its assembly is simplified. The mode of operation of the guide frame 50 according to the invention will be referred to at a later time of the description and will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

(17) The telescoping cylinder 4 retracts the telescopic section package 5 into the interior space of the articulation section 3 (see FIG. 1c), until the bolts 12 of the telescopic section 5a reach the matching counterpoints of the articulation section 3. After reaching the target position, the assembly head 14 releases the bolts 12 which then automatically are put into matching bores 10 of the counterelements 10 at the articulation section 3. At the same time or timely, the connection between mounting head 14 and telescopic section 5a is separated automatically.

(18) On reaching the target position, the guide frame 50 has arrived at the collar 13 of the articulation section 3, whereby the second bearing point between articulation section 3 and telescopic section 5a is operable. The telescopic boom 2 now is ready for operation. If necessary, it is possible to in the same way mount further telescopic sections at the respective innermost telescopic section 5b by repeating the assembly operation. This target position can be reached already before reaching the bolting position between the telescopic sections.

(19) Since the end piece 11 has a guide for the telescoping cylinder 4, the prop 6 can be retracted after assembly. The same no longer represents an obstacle and the telescoping cylinder 4 can easily be extended into the interior region of the inner telescopic section 5b (FIGS. 1c/1d). If necessary, the prop 6 can again be extended in the cavity of the telescopic section 5b and support against its inner wall, for example for mounting possibly existing additional telescopic sections.

(20) After the assembly of the telescopic boom 2 is completed, the guying 7 is connected with the mounted telescopic section package 5, which is extended for the lifting work to be done. The hydraulic supply of the auxiliary mounting head 14 is effected by the already existing hydraulic supply of the telescoping cylinder 4. A supply of the active prop 6 also can be effected in this way.

(21) Demounting the crane boom 2 analogously is effected in the reverse order. In general, the telescopic boom 2 can be designed in sheet-metal construction like in the illustrated exemplary embodiment. The method can however be applied without restrictions to telescopic booms in lattice construction or to boom systems which are composed of a mixed form of said types of construction.

(22) By means of the representations of FIGS. 3 and 4, the basic mode of operation of the guide frame 50 according to the invention will be discussed in detail below. At the beginning of the procedure, the guide frame 50 is sitting on the outer circumference of the telescopic section 5a (see FIGS. 1a, 1b and 2) and in this position is firmly connected with the telescopic section 5a via the connecting bolt 53, which is put into a matching bore on the outer circumference of the telescopic section 5a. The connection can be made via one or more bolt connections of the illustrated type. What is expedient is a quadruple bolting with one bolt connection each per frame corner.

(23) The bolt mechanism of the connecting bolts 53 is automatic, so that after actuation the same remain in the respective position also without steady supply of energy.

(24) When the telescopic section 5a is retracted into the interior space of the articulation section 3 by means of the telescoping cylinder 4, the guide frame 50 also moves in direction of the collar 13 of the articulation section 3, until the same reaches the intended position (FIG. 3 and from FIG. 4b) in the collar region of the articulation section 3. At the collar region a bolt mechanism with a strongly dimensioned bolt 52 is installed, which can be put into the matching bore of the guide frame 50. This bolt connection 52 ensures that the telescoping cylinder 4 does not inadvertently push out the guide frame 50. The guide frame 50 hence is firmly connected with the articulation section 3 and the telescopic section 5a (see FIG. 4c).

(25) Subsequently, the at least one connecting bolt 53 is removed, in order to release the bolt connection between the guide frame 50 and the telescopic section 5a. The telescopic section 5a now can slide over the second bearing point stationarily connected with the collar 13 of the articulation section 3. The bearing point at the guide frame 50 is formed by the illustrated bearing shoe 54, which is arranged on the bottom side of the frame.

(26) The supply lines, in particular hydraulic lines, preferably are guided outside the articulation section 3 in longitudinal direction of the boom. For supplying the further telescopic sections 5 according to the presented method, hydraulic connections between the sections are created manually by the crane operator and released again after assembly. It is therefore necessary that the respective connecting bolts 53 independently remain in the current bolt position also without hydraulic supply.

(27) For monitoring the bolt position of the connecting bolts 53 and of the bolt 52, corresponding sensors can be arranged at the telescopic boom 2. What is particularly suitable is the integration of one or more proximity switches which detect the respective bolt position and communicate the same to the crane controller.