Method for Treating Arsenic-Containing Flue Gas

Abstract

A method for treating arsenic-containing flue gas is disclosed. In the method, the arsenic-containing flue gas is subjected to a dry pre-dedusting treatment, and the dedusted flue gas is pre-cooled and then introduced into a vortex quenching system. The arsenic-containing flue gas is divided into high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas through the vortex quenching system. The outlet temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is dropped below the desublimation temperature of gaseous arsenic trioxide. The low-temperature flue gas is subjected to a gas-solid separation to obtain solid arsenic trioxide and treated flue gas.

Claims

1. A method for treating arsenic-containing flue gas, comprising subjecting the arsenic-containing flue gas to a dry pre-dedusting treatment, to obtain dedusted flue gas; pre-cooling the dedusted flue gas and introducing the pre-cooled flue gas into a vortex quenching system to obtain high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas; and subjecting the low-temperature flue gas to a gas-solid separation to obtain treated flue gas and arsenic trioxide.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry pre-dedusting treatment is performed in a high temperature-resistant pre-dedusting system.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein pre-cooling the dedusted flue gas comprises introducing the dedusted flue gas into a heat energy utilization system and cooling.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-cooled flue gas has a residence time of 1 to 3 seconds in the vortex quenching system, and the low-temperature flue gas has a temperature of <150° C.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vortex quenching system comprises a gas inlet pipe (1), a gas inlet spray nozzle (2), a vortex chamber (3), a low-temperature gas outlet (4), a high-temperature gas buffer chamber (5), a gas outlet adjustment valve (6), and a high-temperature gas outlet (7), wherein the gas inlet spray nozzle (2) is arranged at the top of the vortex chamber (3); the gas inlet pipe (1) is connected to the gas inlet spray nozzle (2); the low-temperature gas outlet (4) is arranged on one side of the vortex chamber (3); the high-temperature gas buffer chamber (5) is arranged on the other side of the vortex chamber (3); the high-temperature gas outlet (7) is arranged in one end, far away from the vortex chamber (3), of the high-temperature gas buffer chamber (5); and the high-temperature gas outlet (7) is provided with the gas outlet adjustment valve (6).

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the gas inlet spray nozzle (2) is arranged in the tangential direction of the vortex chamber (3).

7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the relationship between the length L of the high-temperature gas buffer chamber (5) and the diameter H of the vortex chamber (3) is represented by L/H=20-40.

8. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the high-temperature flue gas is recycled to the heat energy utilization system.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas-solid separation is performed in a bag-type dust collector.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the treated flue gas has an arsenic element content of 0.15 to 0.35 mg/m.sup.3, and a dust content of 16 to 20 mg/m.sup.3.

11. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the vortex quenching system comprises a gas inlet pipe (1), a gas inlet spray nozzle (2), a vortex chamber (3), a low-temperature gas outlet (4), a high-temperature gas buffer chamber (5), a gas outlet adjustment valve (6), and a high-temperature gas outlet (7), wherein the gas inlet spray nozzle (2) is arranged at the top of the vortex chamber (3); the gas inlet pipe (1) is connected to the gas inlet spray nozzle (2); the low-temperature gas outlet (4) is arranged on one side of the vortex chamber (3); the high-temperature gas buffer chamber (5) is arranged on the other side of the vortex chamber (3); the high-temperature gas outlet (7) is arranged in one end, far away from the vortex chamber (3), of the high-temperature gas buffer chamber (5); and the high-temperature gas outlet (7) is provided with the gas outlet adjustment valve (6).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a vortex quenching system.

[0026] FIG. 2 shows an A-A sectional view of FIG. 1.

[0027] In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 represents a gas inlet pipe, 2 represents a gas inlet spray nozzle, 3 represents a vortex chamber, 4 represents a low-temperature gas outlet, 5 represents a high-temperature gas buffer chamber, 6 represents a gas outlet adjustment valve, and 7 represents a high-temperature gas outlet.

[0028] FIG. 3 shows a process flowchart of a method for treating arsenic-containing flue gas according to the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The present disclosure provides a method for treating arsenic-containing flue gas, including the following steps:

[0030] subjecting the arsenic-containing flue gas to a dry pre-dedusting treatment, to obtain dedusted flue gas;

[0031] pre-cooling the dedusted flue gas and introducing the pre-cooled flue gas into a vortex quenching system to obtain high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas; and

[0032] subjecting the low-temperature flue gas to a gas-solid separation to obtain treated flue gas and arsenic trioxide.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the arsenic-containing flue gas is subjected to a dry pre-dedusting treatment to obtain dedusted flue gas. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the arsenic-containing flue gas is arsenic-containing smelting flue gas. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the arsenic-containing flue gas has an arsenic element content of not more than 10 g/m.sup.3, and preferably 1.53 g/m.sup.3 to 2.384 g/m.sup.3. In some embodiments, the arsenic-containing flue gas has a dust content of not more than 30 g/m.sup.3, and preferably 12.25 g/m.sup.3 to 18.53 g/m.sup.3. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the arsenic-containing flue gas has a temperature of 950° C. to 1100° C.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dry pre-dedusting treatment is performed in a high temperature-resistant pre-dedusting system. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the high temperature-resistant pre-dedusting system includes a ceramic filter or an electric dedusting equipment. In the present disclosure, there is no special requirement on a specific process of the dry pre-dedusting treatment, and process well known to those skilled in the art may be adopted. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dust removal rate of the dry pre-dedusting treatment is not less than 95%, and preferably not less than 99%.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dedusted flue gas has a dust content of 0.12 g/m.sup.3 to 0.143 g/m.sup.3.

[0036] In the present disclosure, the dry pre-dedusting treatment is adopted to reduce the content of the smoke and dust in the flue gas, which is beneficial to stable operation of a subsequent heat energy utilization system and improved treatment effect of the vortex quenching system.

[0037] After the dedusted flue gas is obtained, the dedusted flue gas is pre-cooled and then introduced into an vortex quenching system, so as to obtain high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, pre-cooling the dedusted flue gas includes introducing the dedusted flue gas into a heat energy utilization system and cooling. In the present disclosure, the dedusted flue gas is cooled by using the heat energy utilization system, which could realize the utilization of the heat energy of the flue gas. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat energy utilization system includes a waste heat boiler, a heat pipe heat exchanger, or a heat pump.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, by pre-cooling, the temperature of the dedusted flue gas is reduced to 300-350° C., and preferably 300-330° C. In the present disclosure, the operation efficiency of the vortex quenching system could be improved by pre-cooling the dedusted flue gas.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pre-cooled flue gas is pressurized first and then fed into the vortex quenching system. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the equipment for pressurizing the pre-cooled flue gas includes a gas inlet spray nozzle or a booster fan. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pressure of the pre-cooled flue gas is increased to 0.45-1 MPa by pressurizing. In the present disclosure, the velocity of the flue gas entering the vortex quenching system is increased by pressurizing, thereby improving the vortex cooling efficiency.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the flue gas has a residence time of 1 to 3 seconds in the vortex quenching system. In some embodiments, the low-temperature flue gas has a temperature of not higher than 150° C., and preferably 130-145° C.

[0041] In the present disclosure, the vortex quenching system is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The vortex quenching system is described in detail in the present disclosure with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vortex quenching system is a vortex tube. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vortex tube is made of 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vortex quenching system includes a gas inlet pipe 1, a gas inlet spray nozzle 2, a vortex chamber 3, a low-temperature gas outlet 4, a high-temperature gas buffer chamber 5, a gas outlet adjustment valve 6, and a high-temperature gas outlet 7. The gas inlet spray nozzle 2 is arranged at the top of the vortex chamber 3. The gas inlet pipe 1 is connected to the gas inlet spray nozzle 2. The low-temperature gas outlet 4 is arranged on one side of the vortex chamber 3. The high-temperature gas buffer chamber 5 is arranged on the other side of the vortex chamber 3. The high-temperature gas outlet 7 is arranged at one end, far away from the vortex chamber 3, of the high-temperature gas buffer chamber 5. The high-temperature gas outlet 7 is provided with the gas outlet adjustment valve 6.

[0044] As one embodiment of the present disclosure, the gas inlet spray nozzle 2 is arranged in the tangential direction of the vortex chamber 3, and the gas inlet direction is tangent to the vortex chamber 3.

[0045] In the present disclosure, the relationship between the length L of the high-temperature gas buffer chamber 5 and the diameter H of the vortex chamber 3 is represented by L/H=20-40. In the present disclosure, different length-diameter ratios leads to different effects. In the present disclosure, the length-diameter ratio is defined as above, which could ensure that the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is not higher than 150° C., thereby improving efficiency of producing the low-temperature flue gas.

[0046] In the present disclosure, the high-temperature flue gas is recycled to the heat energy utilization system. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the high-temperature flue gas has a temperature of 585-650° C., and preferably 610-630° C.

[0047] In the present disclosure, the flue gas is pressurized and then fed into the vortex chamber in a tangent shape along the wall of the vortex chamber. Gas flow in the vortex chamber is subjected to a vortex exchange and then an energy conversion occurs. The gas flow is divided into a cold gas flow and a hot gas flow. At a terminal of the high-temperature gas buffer chamber, a part of compressed air is vented in a manner of hot air through the gas outlet adjustment valve, so as to obtain the high-temperature flue gas. The remaining compressed air returns at a lower speed through the center of rotating gas flow in the high temperature gas buffer chamber. The cold gas flow passes through the center of the vortex chamber to form ultra-low-temperature cold gas that is collected and discharged at the low-temperature gas outlet, so as to obtain the low-temperature flue gas.

[0048] In the present disclosure, a vortex quenching system is adopted to divide the flue gas into the high-temperature flue gas and the low-temperature flue gas. Arsenic could be recovered from the low-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas could be recycled to a heat energy utilization system for further utilization of heat energy, which improves the utilization rate of the heat energy of the flue gas. In the present disclosure, a vortex tube is used as a flue gas quenching facility, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, strong resistance to gas fluctuation impact, safe and reliable operation, and easiness in maintenance.

[0049] After the low-temperature flue gas is obtained, the low-temperature flue gas is subjected to a gas-solid separation in the present disclosure, so as to obtain treated flue gas and arsenic trioxide. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas-solid separation is performed in a bag-type dust collector. In the present disclosure, there is no special requirements for the structure and process parameters of the bag-type dust collector, and any bag-type dust collector well known in the art may be used.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the treated flue gas has an arsenic element content of 0.15-0.35 mg/m.sup.3. In some embodiments, by the method according to the present disclosure, the arsenic removal rate is not less than 99%. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the recovery rate of arsenic element in the arsenic-containing flue gas is in the range of 99 to 99.99%.

[0051] Technical solutions of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below with reference to examples of the present disclosure. It is apparent that the described examples are only part of the examples of the present disclosure rather than all of the examples. On the basis of the examples of the present disclosure, all other examples obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0052] In the present disclosure, the vortex quenching system used in the examples below is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The vortex quenching system is a vortex tube. The vortex tube includes a gas inlet pipe 1, a gas inlet spray nozzle 2, a vortex chamber 3, a low-temperature gas outlet 4, a high-temperature gas buffer chamber 5, a gas outlet adjustment valve 6, and a high-temperature gas outlet 7. The gas inlet spray nozzle 2 is arranged at the top of the vortex chamber 3. The gas inlet pipe 1 is connected to the gas inlet spray nozzle 2. The low-temperature gas outlet 4 is arranged on at the left end of the vortex chamber 3. The high-temperature gas buffer chamber 5 is arranged at the right end of the vortex chamber 3. The high-temperature gas outlet 7 is arranged at the right end of the high-temperature gas buffer chamber 5. The high-temperature gas outlet 7 is provided with the gas outlet adjustment valve 6. The gas inlet spray nozzle 2 is arranged in the tangential direction of the vortex chamber 3, and the gas inlet direction is tangent to the vortex chamber 3. The vortex tube is made of 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel.

Example 1

[0053] Smelting furnace flue gas of a certain copper smelting plant was treated according to the process flowchart shown in FIG. 3.

[0054] The smelting furnace flue gas of the certain copper smelting plant had a temperature of 1100° C. at the outlet, an arsenic element content of 2.384 g/m.sup.3, and a dust content of 15.72 g/m.sup.3. The flue gas was subjected to an electric dedusting treatment, thereby achieving a dust content of 0.143 g/m.sup.3, and then fed into a waste heat boiler. The flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler had a temperature of 330° C. The flue gas was then fed into a pressurization system and pressurized therein. The pressurized flue gas was then fed into a vortex tube made of 316 stainless steel (in which, the relationship between the length L of a high-temperature gas buffer chamber and the diameter H of a vortex chamber was represented by L/H=30). The residence time of the flue gas in the vortex tube was 2 seconds. The temperature of the low-temperature flue gas generated from the vortex tube was 145° C., and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas was 610° C. The high-temperature flue gas was recycled to the waste heat boiler for the utilization of heat energy and then fed into the vortex tube. Gaseous arsenic trioxide in the low-temperature flue gas was converted into solid arsenic trioxide, and the solid arsenic trioxide was collected in a bag-type dust collector. The flue gas treated by the bag-type dust collector had an arsenic element content of 0.35 mg/m.sup.3, and a dust content of 20 mg/m.sup.3. The treated flue gas was discharged to a subsequent acid production work section. The solid arsenic trioxide was recovered, and the recovery rate of arsenic element was 99.98%.

Example 2

[0055] Roasting furnace flue gas of a certain zinc smelting plant was treated according to the process flowchart shown in FIG. 3.

[0056] The roasting furnace flue gas of the certain zinc smelting plant had a temperature of 950° C. at the outlet, an arsenic element content of 1.53 g/m.sup.3, and a dust content of 12.25 g/m.sup.3. The flue gas was subjected to an electric dedusting treatment, thereby achieving a dust content of 0.12 g/m.sup.3, and then fed into a waste heat boiler. The flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler had a temperature of 300° C. The flue gas was then fed into a pressurization system and pressurized therein. The pressurized flue gas was then fed into a vortex tube made of 304 stainless steel (in which, the relationship between the length L of a high-temperature gas buffer chamber and the diameter H of a vortex chamber was represented by L/H=40). The residence time of the flue gas in the vortex tube was 3 seconds. The temperature of the low-temperature flue gas generated from the vortex tube was 130° C., and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas was 650° C. The high-temperature flue gas was recycled to the waste heat boiler for the utilization of heat energy and then fed into the vortex tube. Gaseous arsenic trioxide in the low-temperature flue gas was converted into solid arsenic trioxide, and the solid arsenic trioxide was collected in a bag-type dust collector. The flue gas treated by the bag-type dust collector had an arsenic element content of 0.15 mg/m.sup.3, and a dust content of 18 mg/m.sup.3. The treated flue gas was discharged to a subsequent acid production work section. The solid arsenic trioxide was recovered, and the recovery rate of arsenic element was 99.99%.

Example 3

[0057] Smelting furnace flue gas of a certain copper smelting plant was treated according to the process flowchart shown in FIG. 3.

[0058] The smelting furnace flue gas of the certain copper smelting plant had a temperature of 1000° C. at the outlet, an arsenic element content of 2.13 g/m.sup.3, and a dust content of 18.53 g/m.sup.3. The flue gas was subjected to an electric dedusting treatment, thereby achieving a dust content of 0.12 g/m.sup.3, and then fed into a waste heat boiler. The flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler had a temperature of 310° C., The flue gas was then fed into a pressurization system and pressurized therein. The pressurized flue gas was then fed into a vortex tube made of 316 stainless steel (in which, the relationship between the length L of a high-temperature gas buffer chamber and the diameter H of a vortex chamber was represented by L/H=20). The residence time of the flue gas in the vortex tube was 1 second. The temperature of the low-temperature flue gas generated from the vortex tube was 150° C., and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas was 585° C. The high-temperature flue gas was recycled to the waste heat boiler for the utilization of heat energy and then fed into the vortex tube. Gaseous arsenic trioxide in the low-temperature flue gas was converted into solid arsenic trioxide, and the solid arsenic trioxide was collected in a bag-type dust collector. The flue gas treated by the bag-type dust collector had an arsenic element content of 0.28 mg/m.sup.3, and a dust content of 16 mg/m.sup.3. The treated flue gas was discharged to a subsequent acid production work section. The solid arsenic trioxide was recovered, and the recovery rate of arsenic element was 99.98%.

[0059] The method according to the present disclosure is simple, convenient to operate, strong in gas fluctuation impact resistance, safe and reliable in operation, and easy to maintain, and makes it possible to realize collaborative recovery of arsenic and heat energy in the flue gas.

[0060] The foregoing descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that those of ordinary skill in the art may make a number of improvements or refinements without departing from the principle of the present disclosure. These improvements or refinements should also fall within the scope of the present disclosure.