Fault control for a wind farm with prioritization of the external setpoint-value specifications

Abstract

A method for controlling a wind farm, which is operated by means of a wind farm control unit and comprises a multiplicity of wind power installations having wind power installation controllers and being connected to one another via a common wind farm grid, which is connected to an electrical power supply grid of a grid operator by means of a wind farm transformer, comprising the following steps: reception of at least one fault bit at the wind farm control unit, in particular at least one fault bit of the grid operator, deactivation of all external setpoint value specifications at the wind farm control unit apart from those of the grid operator after reception of the fault bit, activation of a closed-loop fault case control implemented in the wind farm control unit after successful deactivation of all external setpoint value specifications apart from those of the grid operator.

Claims

1. A method comprising: controlling a wind farm using a wind farm controller, the wind farm comprising a plurality of wind power installations having wind power installation controllers, respectively, and being connected to one another via a common wind farm grid, which is connected to an electrical power supply grid of a grid operator by a wind farm transformer, the controlling comprising: receiving a fault bit at the wind farm controller; deactivating external setpoint value specifications at the wind farm controller, apart from setpoint value specifications received from the grid operator, after receiving the fault bit; and activating a closed-loop fault case control implemented in the wind farm controller after successful deactivation of the external setpoint value specifications.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wind farm controller has control range limitation, controlling further comprising: deactivating the control range limitation after receiving the fault bit.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wind farm controller has an active power setpoint value specification for the plurality of wind power installations, wherein the controlling further comprises: setting of the active power setpoint value specification to a value equal to zero.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: requesting a status of the wind power installations.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising transmitting warning signals from the wind power installation controllers to the wind farm controller.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fault bit is received when the electrical power supply grid has gone into a blackout.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the closed-loop fault case control is activated when the wind farm injects an electrical power into the electrical power supply grid which is zero.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wind farm controller has a startup time that is less than a startup time of the plurality of wind power installations.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fault bit is from the grid operator.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising transmitting one or more warning signals from the wind farm controller to the grid operator.

11. A wind farm comprising: a plurality of wind power installations; a wind farm grid coupled to the plurality of wind power installations; and a wind farm controller configured to: receive a fault bit; in response to receiving the fault bit, deactivate all external setpoint value specifications except setpoint value specifications received from a grid operator; and activate a closed-loop fault case control.

12. The wind farm as claimed in claim 11, wherein the wind farm controller comprises: an operator interface configured to receive external setpoint value specifications; and a grid operator interface configured to receive the fault bit.

13. The wind farm as claimed in claim 11, further comprising: an uninterruptible voltage supply configured to supply electrical power to the wind farm controller and the plurality of wind power installations for a predetermined time period in such a way that the wind farm has suitable time to perform a black start even when an electrical power supply grid coupled to the wind farm has no voltage.

14. The wind farm as claimed in claim 13, wherein the predetermined time period is four or more hours.

15. The wind farm as claimed in claim 14, wherein the wind power installations each have a wind power installation controller configured to: be operated at least with a set of operational parameters and a set of fault case parameters; and change over the wind power installation controller between the set of operational parameters and the set of fault case parameters in response to a signal from the wind farm controller.

16. The wind farm as claimed in claim 15, wherein the wind farm controller is configured to: detect at least one variable of the electrical power supply grid which indicates a fault case on the electrical power supply grid in order to generate the fault bit, and generate the fault bit.

17. The wind farm as claimed in claim 13, wherein the predetermined time period is eight hours.

18. The wind farm as claimed in claim 11, wherein one of the plurality of wind power installations comprises a wind power installation controller configured to: be operated at least with a set of operational parameters and a set of fault case parameters; and change over the wind power installation controller between the set of operational parameters and the set of fault case parameters in response to a signal from the wind farm controller.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The present invention will now be explained in more detail below by way of example and using exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached figures, wherein the same reference symbols are used for similar or functionally identical components.

(2) FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a wind power installation of a wind farm,

(3) FIG. 2 shows a schematic design of a wind farm according to the invention in one embodiment, and

(4) FIG. 3 shows a schematic sequence of a method for controlling a wind farm, in particular the activation of the closed-loop fault case control of a wind farm controller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(5) FIG. 1 shows a wind power installation 100 according to the invention of a wind farm according to the invention.

(6) The wind power installation 100 for this purpose has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104. An aerodynamic rotor 106 having three rotor blades 108 and a spinner 110 is arranged on the nacelle 104. The rotor 106 is set in rotary motion by the wind during operation and thereby drives a generator in the nacelle 104.

(7) Hereby, the generator generates a current, which is passed to a wind power installation transformer by means of a full-power converter, said wind power installation transformer being connected to a wind farm grid.

(8) For this purpose, the wind power installation has a wind power installation controller, which is designed to drive the full-power converter, in particular with a set of operational parameters and a set of fault case parameters.

(9) FIG. 2 shows a schematic design of a wind farm 1000 according to the invention in one embodiment.

(10) The wind farm 1000 comprises a plurality of wind power installations 1100, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, which are connected to one another via a common wind farm grid 1200.

(11) The wind farm grid 1200 is connected to an electrical power supply grid 2000 by means of a wind farm transformer 1300 in order to inject an electrical wind farm power P.sub.farm, which is composed of a sum of the individual electrical wind power installation powers P.sub.wpi.

(12) In addition, the wind farm 1000 has a wind farm controller 1400 for controlling the wind farm 1000.

(13) The wind farm controller 1400 comprises an operator interface 1410, a grid operator interface 1420 and a wind power installation interface 1430.

(14) The operator interface 1410 is designed to receive external setpoint value specifications S.sub.own, which are preset, for example, by a wind farm operator 3000.

(15) The grid operator interface 1420 is designed to receive at least one fault bit S.sub.1/0 from a grid operator 4000.

(16) The wind power installation interface 1430 is designed to transmit setpoint values, for example reactive power setpoint values Qs, to the wind power installations 1100 of the wind farm 1000 in order to control the wind farm 1000 and in particular the electrical wind farm power P.sub.farm.

(17) In addition, the wind farm controller 1400 is designed to detect at least one variable of the electrical power supply grid, in particular the grid voltage U.sub.grid, which indicates a fault case on the electrical power supply grid 2000, in particular in order to generate the fault bit S.sub.1/0 itself.

(18) The wind farm controller 1400 is therefore also designed to trigger the closed-loop fault case control itself, and in particular automatically.

(19) In addition, an uninterruptible voltage supply 1500 is provided, which is designed to supply electrical power P.sub.uvs to the wind farm controller 1400 and optionally the plurality of wind power installations 1100 for a predetermined time period in such a way that the wind farm 1000 can perform a black start even when the electrical power supply grid 2000 has no voltage. The predetermined time period is in this case at least 8 hours, for example.

(20) In addition, the wind power installations 1100 each have a wind power installation controller 1180, which receive the setpoint values Qs from the wind farm controller 1400 and are designed to be operated at least with a set of operational parameters and a set of fault case parameters in order to control the wind power installations 1100 correspondingly as described above or below.

(21) The wind power installation controllers 1180 are further designed to change over between the set of operational parameters and the set of fault case parameters in response to a signal S.sub.n/s from the wind farm controller 1400 in order to operate the wind power installations 1100 correspondingly as described above or below.

(22) FIG. 3 shows a schematic sequence of a method 5000 for controlling a wind farm, in particular as shown in FIG. 2.

(23) In a first step 5100, the fault bit Sim of the grid operator is received at the wind farm controller 1400.

(24) Hereupon, in a second step 5200, all external setpoint value specifications S.sub.own are deactivated at the wind farm controller 1400.

(25) Then, in a third step 5300, a closed-loop fault case control implemented in the wind farm control unit 1400 is activated, which closed-loop fault case control preferably deactivates the control range limitation of the wind farm controller 1400.

(26) Finally, in a last step 5400, the wind farm 1000, and in particular the wind power installations 1100 of the wind farm 1000, is operated in an operating mode: closed-loop fault case control, which has at least one of the above functions.