AXLE WHEEL END AXIAL THRUST ASSEMBLY

Abstract

An axle assembly of a vehicle including a differential assembly, a first axle tube including a proximal end adjacent the differential assembly, an opposite distal end, and an axle bore extending therebetween, a first axle shaft rotatably received in the first axle tube, the first axle shaft including a proximal end disposed in the differential assembly, and an opposite distal end extending outwardly from the distal end of the first axle shaft, and a radial bearing assembly including an inner cup, an outer cup and a plurality of roller elements rotatably received therebetween, the outer cup being axially fixed within the axle bore of the first axle tube and the inner cup being axially fixed to the first axle shaft.

Claims

1. An axle assembly of a vehicle, comprising: a differential assembly; a first axle tube extending outwardly from a first side of the differential assembly, the first axle tube including a proximal end adjacent the differential assembly, an opposite distal end, and an axle bore extending therebetween; a first axle shaft rotatably received in the first axle tube, the first axle shaft including a proximal end disposed in the differential assembly, and an opposite distal end extending outwardly from the distal end of the first axle shaft; and a radial bearing assembly including an inner cup, an outer cup and a plurality of roller elements rotatably received therebetween, the outer cup being axially fixed within the axle bore of the first axle tube and the inner cup being axially fixed to the first axle shaft.

2. The axle assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of roller elements further comprises a plurality of needle rollers.

3. The axle assembly of claim 2, the inner cup further comprising an inner race, a first annular flange, and a second annular flange, the first annular flange and the second annular flange extending radially outwardly from opposing ends of the inner race.

4. The axle assembly of claim 3, the outer cup further comprising an outer race, a first annular flange, and a second annular flange, the first annular flange and the second annular flange extending radially inwardly from opposing ends of the outer race.

5. The axle assembly of claim 1, further comprising: an annular groove defined in the axle bore of the first axle tube between the radial bearing assembly and the distal end of the axle tube; and a snap ring received in the annular groove, wherein the snap ring is adjacent the outer cup of the radial bearing assembly.

6. An axle assembly of a vehicle, comprising: a differential assembly; a first axle tube extending outwardly from a first side of the differential assembly, the first axle tube including a proximal end adjacent the differential assembly, an opposite distal end, and an axle bore extending therebetween; a first axle shaft rotatably received in the first axle tube, the first axle shaft including a proximal end disposed in the differential assembly, and an opposite distal end extending outwardly from the distal end of the first axle shaft; an annular groove defined in the axle bore of the first axle tube; a snap ring received in the annular groove; and a radial bearing assembly including an inner cup, an outer cup and a plurality of roller elements rotatably received therebetween, the inner cup being axially fixed to the first axle shaft, wherein the snap ring is adjacent the outer cup of the radial bearing assembly.

7. The axle assembly of claim 6, wherein the plurality of roller elements further comprises a plurality of needle rollers.

8. The axle assembly of claim 7, the inner cup further comprising an inner race, a first annular flange, and a second annular flange, the first annular flange and the second annular flange extending radially outwardly from opposing ends of the inner race.

9. The axle assembly of claim 8, the outer cup further comprising an outer race, a first annular flange, and a second annular flange, the first annular flange and the second annular flange extending radially inwardly from opposing ends of the outer race.

10. The axle assembly of claim 9, wherein the snap ring is adjacent one of the first annular flange and the second annular flange of the outer cup.

11. The axle assembly of claim 6, wherein the outer cup of the bearing assembly is axially fixed within the bore of the first axle tube.

12. An axial thrust assembly for use with an axle assembly of a vehicle having an axle tube and an axle shaft rotatably received therein, comprising: a radial bearing assembly comprising: an inner cup having an inner race, a first annular flange, and a second annular flange, the first annular flange and the second annular flange extending radially outwardly from opposing ends of the inner race; an outer cup further comprising an outer race, a first annular flange, and a second annular flange, the first annular flange and the second annular flange extending radially inwardly from opposing ends of the outer race; and a plurality of roller elements disposed between the inner cup and the outer cup, wherein the outer cup is axially fixed within the axle bore of the first axle tube and the inner cup is axially fixed to the first axle shaft.

13. The axle assembly of claim 12, wherein the plurality of roller elements further comprises a plurality of needle rollers.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including the best mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth in the specification, which makes reference to the appended drawings, in which:

[0012] FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a wheel end section of a prior art solid axle assembly;

[0013] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the prior art axle shaft shown in FIG. 1 and a corresponding differential;

[0014] FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the prior art axle shaft and differential shown in FIG. 2, including a cross shaft of the differential;

[0015] FIG. 4 is a cut away side view of the prior art axle shaft and differential shown in FIG. 2;

[0016] FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a wheel end section of a solid axle assembly including an axial thrust assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the axial thrust assembly shown in FIG. 5; and

[0018] FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a wheel end section of a solid axle assembly including an axial thrust assembly in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Repeat use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent same or analogous features or elements of the invention according to the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Reference will now be made in detail to presently preferred embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation, not limitation, of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit thereof. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment may be used on another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0021] Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, in order to eliminate C Locks 18 (FIGS. 2 and 3) from the differential 17 of prior art axle assemblies, an axial thrust assembly 100 for use with a solid axle assembly in accordance with the present disclosure includes a radial bearing assembly 102 having flanged inner cup 110, a flanged outer cup 130, and a plurality of rolling elements 140 (needle rollers) disposed therebetween. Note, the full complement of needle rollers 140 is not shown in FIG. 6. Inner cup 110 and outer cup 130 are axially fixed to axle shaft 120 and axle tube 150, respectively, by way of a press-fit. The press-fit between inner cup 110 and axle shaft 120, and outer cup 130 and axle tube 150 also provide shaft retention within axle tube 150.

[0022] As noted above, radial bearing assembly 102 includes inner cup 110, outer cup 130 and needle rollers 140 disposed therebetween. Inner cup 110 defines a cylindrical inner race 112 for needle rollers 140. Additionally, a first annular flange 114 and a second annular flange extend radially-outwardly from opposite ends of inner race 112. Preferably, inner cup 110 is a machined and ground component made from a carburized grade of steel to enhance control of the press-fit, bearing clearances, and increase allowable hoop stresses. As noted, inner cup 110 is axially fixed to the wheel end of axle shaft 120 in a press-fit.

[0023] Outer cup 130 defines a cylindrical outer race 132 for needle rollers 140. A first annular flange 134 and second annular flange 136 extend radially-inwardly from opposite ends of outer race 132. As with inner cup 110, outer cup 130 is preferably a machined and ground component made from a carburized grade of steel to enhance control of the press-fit, bearing clearances, and increase allowable hoop stresses. As best seen in FIG. 5, outer cup 130 is preferably received in an enlarged portion 154 of axle tube 150, as compared to bore 152 of the remainder of the tube. Because enlarged portion 154 has a greater diameter than bore 152, a larger complement of needle rollers 140, both in size and number, may be utilized in radial bearing assembly 102 than in standard prior art wheel end radial bearings 10 (FIG. 1), which are typically received in portions of the corresponding axle tube 12 that are the same diameter as the remainder of the tube's bore. The increased roller complement allows for radial bearing assembly 102 to yield dynamic load ratings equivalent to current wheel end bearing arrangements that handle radial loading only.

[0024] Each needle roller 140 includes a cylindrical rolling surface extending between a first end face 142 and a second end face 144 thereof. Each first and second end face 142 and 144 is transverse to a longitudinal center axis of the corresponding needle roller 140. As such, when needle rollers 140 are disposed between inner cup 110 and outer cup 130, first end faces 142 and second end faces 144 are parallel to first annular flanges 114 and 134 and second annular flanges 116 and 136, respectively, of inner and outer cups 110 and 130, respectively. As shown in FIG. 5, an oil seal 160 is press-fit into enlarged portion 154 of axle tube 150 to help maintain lubricating fluids therein.

[0025] As best seen in FIG. 5, during vehicle operations, axial thrust forces on axle shaft 120 are transferred to inner cup 110 of radial bearing assembly 102 due to the press-fit between the two components. When the axial thrust force is directed outwardly, the axial thrust force is transferred from inner cup 110 to needle rollers 140 by way of first annular flange 114 abutting their first end faces 142. As such, second end faces 144 of rollers 140 abut second annular flange 136 of outer cup 130, which transfers the outward axial thrust force to axle tube 150 by way of the press-fit therebetween. As shown in FIG. 7, in an alternate embodiment of axial thrust assembly 100a, a snap ring 170 may be provided in an annular groove 172 outboard of radial bearing assembly 102 to transfer outward axial thrust loads from outer cup 130 to axle tube 150. When snap ring 170 is utilized, outer cup 130 need not be press-fit into axle tube 150. In some alternate embodiments, one or more annular washers may be disposed, one each, between first and second end faces 142 and 144 of the plurality of needle rollers 140 and first annular flanges 114 and 134 and second annular flanges 116 and 136 of the bearing cups, respectively, to provide a more uniform bearing surface between the rollers and flanges.

[0026] When the axial thrust force caused by vehicle operations is directed inwardly, the axial thrust force is transferred to inner cup 110 of radial bearing assembly 102 due to the press-fit between the two components. In turn, the inward axial thrust force is transferred from inner cup 110 to needle rollers 140 by way of second annular flange 116 abutting their second end faces 144. As such, first end faces 142 of rollers 140 abut first annular flange 134 of outer cup 130, which transfers the inward axial thrust force to axle tube 150 by way of the press-fit therebetween.

[0027] While one or more preferred embodiments of the invention are described above, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit thereof. It is intended that the present invention cover such modifications and variations as come within the scope and spirit of the appended claims and their equivalents.