FABRIC AND GARMENT INCLUDING COMPRESSION ZONES AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A FABRIC

Abstract

A pocket fabric and a method for producing such a fabric, include elastic warp threads and elastic weft threads, and include one or more pockets having at least two stacked layers of fabric in which the warp threads result from the division of the warp threads of a single warp. The at least two layers of fabric are connected to one another by one or more woven joining areas in which the warp thread or threads result from joining the layers of fabric into a single warp, one or more of the at least two layers of fabric including a plurality of weaves with different elasticities, the weaves defining areas having different elasticities in the woven pocket fabric. A garment made of the fabric or including the fabric is also disclosed.

Claims

1. A pocket fabric comprising elastic warp threads and elastic weft threads, one or more pockets comprising at least two superimposed layers of the fabric, the warp threads of which result from the division of the warp threads of a single warp, the at least two layers of the fabric being connected together by one or more woven joining areas in which the warp threads result from joining of the fabric layers again in a single warp, one of and/or the at least two layers of the fabric comprising a plurality of weaves with different elasticities, the weaves defining areas with different elasticities in the woven pocket fabric.

2. The pocket fabric according to claim 1, wherein one of the at least two layers of the fabric comprises a plurality of weaves having elasticities different from those of the plurality of the weaves of another of the at least two layers of the fabric.

3. The pocket fabric according to claim 1, wherein one and/or the at least two superimposed layers of the fabric comprise a combination of a plain weave with a twill weave.

4. The pocket fabric according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of the weaves with different elasticities of one and/or the at least two layers of the fabric, and/or the woven joining area or areas, comprise a joining weave that comprises a combination of the weaves to be joined.

5. The pocket fabric according to claim 1, wherein the at least two superimposed layers of the fabric and/or the joining area or areas between the at least two layers of the fabric comprise one or more weaves with different elasticities embedded in a base weave.

6. The pocket fabric according to claim 1, wherein the woven joining area or areas serves or serve as finishing for the edges of the pocket fabric.

7. The pocket fabric according to claim 1, wherein the elastic threads are threads based on elastothane.

8. A method for obtaining a pocket fabric comprising: (a) taking elastic warp threads and elastic weft threads; (b) dividing the warp threads at least once into at least two secondary warps; (c) weaving the threads of the at least two secondary warps in a first weave with a given elasticity, and then; (d) without interrupting the weaving, weaving the threads of the at least two secondary warps in a second weave, or a plurality of other weaves, having one or more elasticities different from the first weave in order to form areas with different elasticities at defined points on the pocket fabric; and (e) at least once joining the threads of the at least two secondary warps in a single warp in order to form at least one woven joining area and to form at least one pocket.

9. The method according to claim 8, in which the first weave, the second weave or the plurality of other weaves of one of the at least two secondary warps comprise an elasticity different from that of the first weave, the second weave or the plurality of other weaves, of another one of the at least two secondary warps.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the joining of the first weave to the second weave or to the plurality of weaves is done by weaving the elastic threads in accordance with a joining weave that comprises a combination of the weaves to be joined.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the weaving of the first weave, of the second weave or of the plurality of other weaves is done in accordance with a predetermined pattern.

12. A garment made from a woven fabric, or comprising a woven pocket fabric, the fabric comprising elastic warp threads and elastic weft threads, one or more pockets comprising at least two superimposed layers of the fabric, the warp threads of which result from the division of the warp threads of a single warp, the at least two layers of the fabric being connected together by one or more woven joining areas in which the warp threads result from joining of the fabric layers again in a single warp, one of and/or the at least two layers of the fabric comprising a plurality of weaves with different elasticities, the weaves defining areas with different elasticities in the woven pocket fabric.

13. The garment according to claim 12, being an article of clothing for practising a sport.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0026] FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the so-called plain ground weave.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the so-called twill ground weave.

[0028] FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the so-called satin ground weave.

[0029] FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the gassed derived weave.

[0030] FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the honeycomb derived weave.

[0031] FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of joining weaves a) to i) for passing from a first weave A to a weave B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The fabric according to the present invention is a pocket fabric, woven from a single piece, obtained by weaving elastic Warp threads and elastic weft threads. In the present description of the invention, the term elastic must be understood as covering materials that are extensible in the direction of stressing and allowing return to their initial shape. The elastic threads forming the fabric are made from elastic fibres, such as for example elastothane fibres, or made from a natural or synthetic non-elastic fibre covered with a material or composition for conferring elasticity properties, or comprising non-elastic fibres assembled or twisted with elastic fibres or non-elastic fibres covered with an elastic material, in order to form a thread having elasticity properties.

[0033] The pocket fabric according to the invention comprises one or more pockets, each pocket comprising at least two layers of fabric, the Warp threads of which come from threads of the same single main Warp that has been divided into at least two secondary warps, the secondary warps being woven concomitantly. The pockets thus woven are closed again by joining the layers of fabric to each other by weaving, joining the threads of the secondary warps into a single Warp. The pocket fabric according to the invention may comprise a multitude of pockets alongside one another. Moreover, the pockets may, independently of one another, comprise 2, 3 or a multitude of layers of fabric, which makes it possible to obtain a fabric, one or more portions of which comprise pockets superimposed on one another, or pockets overlapping. For this, the threads of the main Warp are divided into a plurality of secondary warps, which are woven concomitantly, and then joined to one another, by weaving, joining the threads of a secondary Warp to another secondary Warp and/or joining all the threads of the secondary warps in a single Warp.

[0034] In the pocket fabric according to the invention, one and/or the at least two layers, advantageously a multitude of layers, comprise one or a multitude of areas with different elasticities, obtained using different weaves having different elasticities, this using identical or different elastic threads, for the weft and the Warp of these various weaves. The areas with different elasticities may be disposed symmetrically, or asymmetrically, unilaterally or bilaterally, from one layer of fabric to one or more others. It is thus possible to modulate the elasticity of a pocket fabric in different areas. Preferably, the areas with different elasticities, and therefore the weaves having different elasticities, are disposed in a predetermined scheme according to the garment that will be made from such a fabric, and in particular according to the predetermined localised compression areas.

[0035] A first layer of fabric forming a pocket may comprise one type of weave or a succession of weaves with different elasticities, the second layer, or the other layers of fabric, comprising the same type of weave or succession of weaves with different elasticities, or another type of weave or succession of weaves with different elasticities having one or more elasticities different from that of those of the first layer of fabric. By way of example, the elasticity of various weaves, comprising elastic threads of the same type, for example elastothane threads known by the trade name Lycra (registered trade mark) from the company DuPont, has been studied and the results are given in Tables 1 and 2.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Plain Twill weave weave Modulus Maximum % Modulus Maximum % at 40% deformation at 40% deformation Test no. (N) (%) Test no. (N) (%) Warp 1 9.26 52.1 1 6.31 76.5 2 9.43 52.2 2 5.93 78.7 3 9.35 51.1 3 5.87 79.2 Weft 4 8.14 55.1 4 5.29 82.8 5 8.01 56.2 5 5.20 81.0 6 7.60 57.2 6 5.45 79.7 Mean 8.63 53.8 5.68 79.7 Standard 0.80 2.7 0.43 2.1 deviation

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Satin Gassed weave weave Modulus Maximum % Modulus Maximum % at 40% deformation at 40% deformation Test no. (N) (%) Test no. (N) (%) Warp 1 4.18 112.9 1 5.58 84.3 2 4.53 108.0 2 5.35 87.0 3 4.58 106.3 3 5.43 86.3 Weft 4 6.33 105.9 4 5.01 89.8 5 4.51 108.3 5 5.50 101.6 6 4.67 104.4 6 4.71 92.2 Mean 4.80 107.6 5.26 90.2 Standard 0.77 3.0 0.33 6.2 deviation

[0036] The tests were carried out on a fabric woven by means of threads known by the trade name Lycra (registered trade mark) of 44 decitex (or dtex), that is to say 4410-7 kg/m, the Warp of which has a density of 74 threads to the centimetre and the weft 66 threads to the centimetre. The tests consist firstly of measuring the force necessary for obtaining 40% elongation of the Warp or weft, and secondly measuring the maximum elongation (% of maximum deformation) obtained for two cycles of stretching the Warp or weft with a force of 15 newtons. The elasticity of a fabric certainly results from the use or not of elastic Warp and/or weft threads, but it also appears that the type of weave used influences the final elasticity of the fabric.

[0037] By way of example, the fabric according to the invention may comprise a succession of plain weaves and twill weaves, or a succession of plain weaves, twill weaves and honeycomb weaves. In the woven fabric, the areas with different elasticities follow one another and are disposed adjacent to one another, the passage from one to another taking place continuously, directly on the loom, or by means of a joining weave in order to produce a joining fabric area, which has the advantage of allowing gradual transition from one elasticity to another. Preferably, the joining weave between weaves comprises a combination of the weaves with different elasticities that are to be joined.

[0038] By way of example, as shown in FIG. 6, the passage from a portion of the fabric comprising a weave B having a given elasticity, for example a plain weave, to a fabric comprising a weave A having another given elasticity, for example a satin weave, is done by weaving a fabric according to a weave comprising the weave B and also the weave A. Preferably, the area of fabric forming the junction between two portions of fabric comprises a combination of 0% (FIG. 6 a), 25%, 50%, 75% and then 100% of weave A (FIG. 6 i). The layers forming the pocket or pockets are joined by weaving, preferably by means of a joining weave, which may be one of the weaves of one of or at least two of the layers of fabric of the pocket or pockets, or a particular joining weave.

[0039] Preferably, the layers of fabric forming the pockets and/or the joining areas between the pockets comprise a base weave in which one or more other weaves with different elasticities is or are embedded. These weaves are preferably incorporated according to a defined location. The base weave and the weaves with different elasticities are ground weaves, derived weaves or compound weaves.

[0040] The method for manufacturing the fabric according to the invention comprises the weaving of elastic threads of a single Warp which, after a first weaving in a first weave, is periodically divided into at least two secondary warps, in order to form one or more pockets. The weaving of the at least two warps is concomitant and is done according to a first weave having a given elasticity, and then, without interrupting the weaving, according to a second weave, or a plurality of other weaves, having one or more elasticities different from said first weave. The weaving of the weaves with different elasticities can be done on one or other or both or a plurality of the at least two warps symmetrically, asymmetrically, unilaterally or bilaterally, from one layer of fabric to the other or others.

[0041] The passage from one weave with different elasticities to another may be done, on one or other or both or a plurality of the at least two warps, by means of a joining weave in order to produce a joining weave area, which has the advantage of affording a gradual transition from one elasticity to another. Preferably, the joining weave between weaves comprises a combination of the weaves with different elasticities that are to be joined.

[0042] The method for manufacturing the fabric according to the invention comprises the joining again, at least once, preferably periodically, of the Warp threads in a single Warp, in order to form one or more woven joining areas and thus form at least one pocket, preferably a plurality of pockets. Preferably, the woven joining area or areas comprise a joining weave that comprises a combination of the weaves to be joined. The method for manufacturing the fabric according to the invention has the advantage of affording total freedom in the placing of the areas with different elasticities upstream of the process of manufacturing the fabric or of the garment, as well as perfect integration in the fabric of the areas with different elasticities.

[0043] The garment according to the present invention comprises, or is made from, the woven fabric according to the present invention. The garment has the advantage of comprising compression areas, advantageously located in the garment to make it possible to improve the blood circulation and/or reduce fatigue and to ensure better physical and physiological recovery while maintaining the muscular masses and the joints, during the practice of a physical activity, while having improved comfort because of the absence of stitches between the various areas with different elasticities.

[0044] The garment is elastic in the direction of the Warp and weft. It is elastic in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the body wearing it or body element in question, a limb or torso for example. It further comprises areas with different elasticities, transverse and/or longitudinal, according to the areas of the body or body element wearing the article. Body elements means the head, the torso, a lower and/or upper limb, the thigh, leg, feet, arms, forearms and hands.

[0045] The garment comprises a main part having a given elasticity made from or comprising a woven fabric comprising elastic Warp threads and elastic weft threads according to one or more ground, derived or compound weaves, and compression areas comprising a woven fabric comprising elastic Warp threads and elastic weft threads according to one or more ground, derived or compound weaves having elasticities different from those of the main part. Preferably, the garment comprises one or more openings to allow passage of the body intended to wear it or of one or more body elements. Preferably, these openings comprise means for closing the garment around the body or body elements obtained by weaving the elastic Warp and weft threads in a weave having an elasticity different from the plurality of weaves from which the garment is made. It is, for example for shorts, a belt woven in a weave having elasticity different from the plurality of weaves making up the garment, enabling the shorts to grip the waist of the person wearing the shorts.

[0046] Preferably, the edges of the garment are made from or comprise a woven weave known as an edge finishing weave, advantageously having elasticity different from the weaves used for the main part of the garment, and even more advantageously having elasticity identical to that of the means for closing the garment around the body or body elements. By way of example, the main part of the garment comprises the plain weave and the twill weave, whereas the belt and the edges of the legs in the case of shorts or the neck and the edges of the sleeves in the case of a t-shirt, comprise a honeycomb weave. The fabric according to the invention has the additional advantage of having the pocket-joining weave that serves as an edge finishing. By way of example, this joining weave may be a plain or twill weave.

[0047] Preferably, the garment is an item of clothing, preferably clothing for the bottom and/or top of the body, for example a lingerie article, a long- or short-sleeved t-shirt, a tank top, shorts, a leotard, a swimsuit, tights, or a ski, skating or bobsleigh combination, but it may also be a case of gloves, a bonnet, a mask, a cagoule or socks. Advantageously, it is a garment for practising a sport, such as for example swimming, surfing, cycling, walking or running. Preferably, the garment is a t-shirt or a combination comprising areas with different elasticities at the pectorals and/or vertebral column. Preferably, the garment is shorts comprising areas with different elasticities at the thighs and/or genital parts and/or the crotch.