Organic compounds

Abstract

meta-Substituted 3-phenylpropanal derivatives useful in providing watery-marine, floral-aldehydic notes.

Claims

1. A compound of the formula (I) ##STR00004## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl with the proviso that at least either R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is methyl; R.sup.3 is selected from prop-2-yl, propen-2-yl and cyclopropyl; and n is 1 or 2.

2. The compound according to claim 1 selected from 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)-propanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)butanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropyl ethyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)butanal, and 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal.

3. The compound according to claim 1 wherein R.sup.2 is methyl.

4. The compound according to claim 1 enriched in the (5) enantiomer.

5. A method comprising utilizing as a fragrance the compound of formula (I) ##STR00005## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl with the proviso that at least either R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is methyl; R.sup.3 is selected from prop-2-yl, propen-2-yl and cyclopropyl; and n is 1 or 2.

6. A method for improving, enhancing or modifying a consumer product base by means of the addition thereto a compound of formula (I), or a mixture thereof ##STR00006## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl with the proviso that at least either R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is methyl; R.sup.3 is selected from prop-2-yl, propen-2-yl and cyclopropyl; and n is 1 or 2.

7. A fragrance composition comprising a. at least one compound of formula (I) ##STR00007## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl with the proviso that at least either R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is methyl; R.sup.3 is selected from prop-2-yl, propen-2-yl and cyclopropyl; and n is 1 or 2; b. and at least one other odorant.

8. A fragranced article comprising a. at least one compound of formula (I) ##STR00008## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl with the proviso that at least either R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is methyl; R.sup.3 is selected from prop-2-yl, propen-2-yl and cyclopropyl; and n is 1 or 2; b. and a consumer product base.

9. The method according to claim 5 wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)-propanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)butanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropyl ethyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)butanal, and 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal.

10. The method according to claim 6 wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)-propanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)butanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)butanal, and 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal.

11. The fragrance composition according to claim 7 wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)-2-methyl propanal, 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)-propanal, 3-(3-isopentyl phenyl)butanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)butanal, and 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal.

12. The fragranced article according to claim 8 wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)-propanal, 3-(3-isopentylphenyl) butanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal, 3-(3-(2-cyclopropyl ethyl)phenyl)butanal, and 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

3-(3-(4-Methylpentyl)pheyl)butanal

(1) Magnesium turnings (5.91, 243 mmol) was added to 20 mL of anhydrous ether in a 250 mL three-necked flask. Under argon atmosphere, initially 5 mL of a solution of 1-bromo-3-methylbutane (36.7 g, 243 mmol) in either (100 mL) was added with occasional heating to 40 C. to initiate the reaction. After the reaction had started, the mixture was allowed to cool to 5 C. in an ice-water bath, and the rest was added dropwise with vigorous stirring within 30 min. After complete addition, the reaction was refluxed for 30 min.

(2) Under argon atmosphere, the prepared Grignard reagent was transferred into a 500 mL-dropping funnel, and, at 5 C. in an ice-water bath added with vigorously stirring within 60 min to a solution of 3-bromobenzaldehyde (30 g, 162 mmol) in ether (50 mL) in a 500 mL three-necked flask, keeping the temperature below 15 C. After completion of the addition, the reaction was reflux for 10 min, and the allowed to cool to 5 C., prior to quenching by dropwise addition of sat. aq. NH.sub.4Cl (150 mL). The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous one extracted with ether (50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL) once, and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 43.0 g (91%) of 1-(3-bromophenyl)-4-methylpentan-1-ol as a slightly yellowish liquid.

(3) The prepared 1-(3-bromophenyl)-4-methylpentan-1-ol (43 g, 88% purity, 147 mmol) was taken up in toluene (150 mL) in a 250 mL round-bottomed flask, and toluene sulfonic acid hydrate (2.80 g, 14.71 mmol) was mmol) was added. Under argon atmosphere, the resulting colorless solution was refluxed via a Dean-Stark water separator (oil bath: 135 C.). After 2 h of refluxing, no further water was separated, and GC analysis indicated the completion of the conversion. The heating was this removed, and the reaction mixture allowed to coold down to room temperature. A slurry of NaHCO.sub.3 (10.0 g) in a little amount of water was then added with vigorously stirring. After 10 min, of stirring, the insoluble mater was filtered off, and rinsed twice with toluene. The filtrate was collected and concentrated to afford 39.8 g of a yellowish liquid, which was further purified by Kugelrohr distillation to provide 34.7 g (99%) of (E)-1-bromo-3-(4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl)benzene as a colorless liquid.

(4) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.95 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 1.63-1.80 (m, 1H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2CH), 2.08 (dd, J=6.4 Hz, 6.4 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2), 6.14-6.35 (m, 2H, ArCHCH), 7.08-7.33 (m, 3H, 3 ArH), 7.48 (s, 1H, ArH). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3); =22.4 (q), 28.5 (d), 42.4 (t), 122.7 (s), 124.7 (d), 128.8 (d), 129.5 (d), 129.6 (d), 129.9 (d), 131.6 (d), 140.1 (s), MS: m/z (%)=43 (5), 69 (5), 89 (4), 116 (100), 182 (31), 184 (31), 195 (14), 197 (14), 238 (17), 240 (17) [M.sup.+].

(5) A 1.6 M solution of butyl lithium in hexane (52 mL, 83 mmol) was added at 78 C. in an actetone-dry ice bath dropwise to a solution of (E)-1-bromo-3-(4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl)benzene (18.0 g, 75.3 mmol in THF (80 mL) in such a way as to keep the reaction temperature below 60 C. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was stirred at 78 C. for 30 min, before a solution trimethyl borate (8.6 g, 83 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added dropwise with stirring at the same temperature. After the addition was complete, the temperature was allowed to raise to 0 C. in the period of 1 h. The reaction was then quenched by addition of 2 N aq hydrogen chloride (75 mL, 150 mmol). The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous one was extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether (250 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, and then dried with MgSO.sub.4, the solvent was removed in a rotatory evaporator, and the resulting residue was dried under vacuum to give 15.0 g of a yellow solid. This was re-crystalized from isohexane and tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) to afford 10.5 g (68% of (E)-(3-(4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)boronic acid as a white solid (Melting point: 113.4-116.7 C.

(6) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.99 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 1.72-1.87 (m, 1H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2CH), 2.16 (dd, J=6.8 Hz, 6.8 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2), 6.26-6.39 (m, 1H, ArCHCH), 6.50 (d, J=15.8 Hz, 1H, ArCHCH), 7.44 (dd, J=7.6 Hz, 7.2 Hz, 1H, ArH); 7.59 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H, ArH), 8.06 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H, ArH), 8.16 (s, 1H, ArH). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =22.5 (q), 28.7 (d), 42.5 (t), 128.2 (d), 129.9 (d), 130.2 (d), 130.7 (d), 133.4 (d), 134.1 (d), 137.5 (s).

(7) To a solution of potassium phosphate (8.32 g, 39.2 mmol) in dioxane (60 mL) and water (10 mL) in a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added with stirring [RhCl(cod)].sub.2 (0.0097 g, 0.020 mmol) and cycloocta-1,5-diene (0.328 g, 3.53 mmol), followed by (E)-(3-(4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)boronic acid (8.00 g, 39.2 mmol) and crotonaldehyde (3.30 g, 47.0 mmol). Under an atmosphere of argon, the resulting reaction mixture was then heated to 55 C. for 12 h, and allowed to cool to room temperature. After dilution with water (50 mL), the product was extracted with MTBE (250 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed on the rotatory evaporator, and the crude product was purified by column chromatography (isohexane:MTBE, 20:1) and Kugelrohr distillation to provide 7.30 g (81%) of (E)-3-(3-(4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal as a colorless odoriferous liquid.

(8) Odor description; aldehydic, watery-marine, metallic facets:

(9) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.94 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 1.31 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 3H, CH.sub.3), 167-1.81 (m, 1H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2CH), 2.09 (dd, J=6.8 Hz, 6.8 Hz, 2H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2CHCH.sub.2CHCHAr), 2.60-2.81 (m, 2H, CH.sub.2CHO), 3.27-3.41 (m, 1H, ArCH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2), 6.15-6.27 (m, 1H, ArCHCH), 6.35 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H, ArCHCH), 7.03-7.08 (m, 1H, ArH), 7.17-7.27 (m, 3H, ArH), 9.69-9.73 (m, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =22.1 (q), 22.4 (q), 28.6 (d), 34.3 (d), 42.4 (t), 551.7 (t), 124.1 (d), 124.5 (d), 125.2 (d), 128.8 (d), 130.1 (d), 130.7 (d), 138.3 (s), 145.6 (s), 201.9 (d), MS: m/z (%)=91 (7), 115 (16), 128 (24), 143 (100), 159 (5), 174 (8), 188 (5), 230 (27) [M.sup.+].

(10) In a 250 mL round-bottomed flask, (E)-3-(3-(4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal (6.00 g, 26 mmol) was dissolved in ethyl acetate (50 mL). The resulting colorless solution was degased, and purged with argon. 10%-Palladium on charcoal (500 mg, 0.470 mmol) was added, and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere for 2 h until GC control indicated completion of the conversion. The insoluble material was removed by filtration through a small pad of silica gel, and rinsed with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was collected and concentrated under reduced pressure on a rotatory evaporator. The resulting residue was purified by Kugelrohr distillation to provide 5.40 g (89%) of 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal as a colorless odoriferous liquid.

(11) Odor description: watery-marine, floral-aldehydic, slightly metallic and reminiscent of green lemon.

(12) IR (neat): 2954, 2929, 1725, 1606, 1488, 1459, 792, 705 cm.sup.1, .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.80 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 1.10-1.19 (m, 2H, ArCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2), 1.23 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 3H, CH.sub.3), 1.44-1.58 (m, 3H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2CHCH.sub.2CH.sub.3). 2.49 (dd, J=7.9H, 7.9 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2Ar), 2.51-2.71 (m, 2H, CH.sub.2CHO), 3.18-3.28 (m, 1H, ArCH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2), 6.92-6.98 (m, 3H, ArH), 7.10-7.17 (m, 1H, ArH), 9.60-9.65 (m, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =22.2 (q), 22.6 (q), 27.9 (d), 29.4 (t), 34.3 (d), 36.3 (t), 38.7 (t), 51.8 (t), 123.9 (d), 126.6 (d), 126.9 (d), 128.6 (d), 143.4 (s), 145.4 (s), 202.0 (d). MS: m/z (%)=43 (37), 77 (9), 91 (63), 105 (60), 119 (68), 129 (14), 147 (100), 161 (6), 173 (8), 190 (33), 217 (16), 232 (73) [M.sup.+].

(13) The (R)- and (S)-enantiomer of 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal were synthesized by Hayashi-Miyaura reaction according to [R. Itooka, Y. Iguchi, N. Miyaura, J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 6000-6004] from (E)-3-(4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)boronic acid (2.0 g, 9.80 mmol) and (E)-but-2-enal (0.69 g, 9.80 mmol) employing [Rh(S-BINAP) (nbd)]BF.sub.4 (0.132 g, 0.147 mmol) or [Rh(R-BINAP)(nbd)]BF.sub.4 (0.132 g, 0.147 mmol) as catalyst, respectively, followed by a hydrogenation procedure analogous to that described above. The following data were obtained:

(14) (R)-3(3-(4-Methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal (1.0 g, 44% yield, 84% ee). [].sub.D.sup.22=21.1 (c=1.062 in EtOH).

(15) Odor description: floral-aldehydic, fatty-buttery, sweet-fruity in melon direction, less marine and less powerful than the (S)-isomer.

(16) (S)-3-(3-(4-Methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal (0.70 g, 31% yield, 87% ee). [].sub.D.sup.22=+21.6 (c=1.065 in EtOH).

(17) Odor description: watery-marine, floral-aldehydic, fatty-buttery, slightly metallic, green citrus.

EXAMPLE 2

3-(3-Isopentylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal and 2-Methyl-3(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)propanal

(18) Under argon atmosphere, 3-chloro-2-methylprop-1-ene (10.0 g, 0.110 mol) was added to a stirred suspension of magnesium powder (48.3 g, 200 mol) in anhydrous THF (600 mL). After the reaction had started, further 3-chloro-2-methylprop-1-ene (170 g, 1.88 mol) was added dropwise with stirring and occasional cooling in an ice-bath at such a rate as to keep the temperature between 30-50 C. After complete addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at 60 C. for further 30 min, and then allow to cool down to 25 C. 1-Chloro-3-(chloromethyl)benzene (213 g, 1.32 mol) was added dropwise within 1 h with cooling in an ice-water bath to keep the temperature below 30 C. After complete addition, the reaction was stirred at 70 C. for 1 h, and quenched by pouring the mixture into 1 L of said. q. ammonium chloride in an ice-water bath. The mixture was stirred for 1 h, the organic layer separated and the aqueous one extracted with MTBE (500 mL). The combined organic layers were washed once with brine, and then dried with magnesium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated in a rotatory evaporator, and the crude product dried at 50 mbar/40 C. for 30 min to afford 235 g of a colorless liquid, which was distilled over a 10 cm-glass column with Ar capillary to provide 109 g (45%) of 1-chloro-3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)benzene as a colorless liquid.

(19) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.75 (s, 3H, CH.sub.3), 2.29 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2Ar), 2.72 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2AR), 4.69 (s, 1H, CH.sub.2,a), 4.74 (s, 1H, CH.sub.2,b), 7.03-7.08 (m, 1H, ArH), 7.12-7.22 (m, 3H, ArH), .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =22.6 (q), 33.9 (t), 39.3 (t), 110.6 (t), 126.0 (d), 126.6 (d), 128.5 (d), 129.5 (d), 134.1 (s), 144.2 (s), 144.8 (s). MS: m/z (%)=39 (5), 51 (3), 77 (5), 89 (14), 99 (4), 115 (3), 125 (100), 145 (56), 165 (3), 180 (9) [M.sup.+].

(20) Under argon atmosphere, lithium (2.84 g, 410 mmol) was suspended in THF (35 mL) in a 250 mL in rounded-bottomed flask. The colorless suspension was stirred with cooling in an acetone-dry ice bath at 40 C. A solution of 1-chloro-3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)benzene (36.1 g. 200 mmol) and trimethyl borate (20.8 g, 200 mmol) in THF (25 mL) was added dropwise within 30 min, and the reaction was initiated by allowing occasional warming. After initiation, the reaction temperature was kept below 20 C. for 4 h, prior to removal of the cooling bath and allowing the temperature to raise to room temperature overnight. With most of the lithium metal consumed, the reaction mixture was cooled to 0 C. and carefully quenched by dropwise addition of 5.8% aq. hydrogen chloride (120 mL) with vigorous stirring. Stirring was continued at 5 C.-10 C. for 30 min, before the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with MTBE (50 mL each). The combined organic extracts were washed once with brine (50 mL) and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed in a rotatory evaporator, and drying at 50 mbar/40 C. for 30 min, provided 36.6 g (67%) of (3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)boronic acid as a yellowish oil (NMR purity; 70%). The crude material was sufficiently pure to be used in the next steps without further purification.

(21) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.77 (s, 3H, CH.sub.3), 2.34 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2AR), 2.79 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2Ar), 4.72 (s, 1H, CH.sub.2,a), 4.73 (s, 1H, CH.sub.2,b), 7.05-7.75 (m, 4H, ArH). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =22.7 (q), 34.4 (t), 39.8 (t), 110.4 (t), 127.9 (d), 131.1 (d), 132.4 (d), 134.8 (d), 141.6 (s), 145.3 (s).

(22) [RhCl(cod)].sub.2 (30.0 mg, 0.061 mmol), (1Z,5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene (33.0 mg, 0.303 mmol) and potassium phosphate (12.8 g, 60.5 mmol) were added in turn to a stirred solvent mixture of dioxane (180 mL) and water (30 mL) in a 250 mL round-bottomed flask. (3-(3-Methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)boronic acid (16.4 g, 70% purity, 60.5 mmol) and methacryl aldehyde (6.36 g, 91 mmol) were added to the yellow solution, and the reaction mixture was heated to 90 C. under argon atmosphere for 4 h. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature, diluted with water (75 mL), and extracted with MTBE (275 mL). The combined organic layer were washed once with brine, and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed on the rotatory evaporator and the crude product was purified by column chromotography (iso-hexane/MTBE, 20:1) and subsequent Kugelrohr distillation to provide 5.50 g (42%) of 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)propanal as a colorless odoriferous liquid.

(23) Odor description: floral-aldehydic, watery-marine, sl. metallic.

(24) IR (neat): 2929, 1724, 1450, 886, 786, 703 cm.sup.1, .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.07 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H, CHCH.sub.3), 1.76 (s, 3H, CH.sub.3), 2.30 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2Ar), 2.52-2.68 (m, 2H, ArCH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 2.73 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2Ar), 3.02-3.10 (m, 1H, CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 4.69 (s, 1, CH.sub.2,a), 4.73 (s, 1H, CH.sub.2,b), 6.96-7.08 (m, 3H, ArH), 7.16-7.25 (m, 1H, ArH), 9.69-9.73 (m, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =13.2 (q), 22.6 (q), 34.2 (t), 36.7 (t), 39.7 (t), 48.1 (d), 110.3 (t), 126.4 (d), 126.5 (d), 128.5 (d), 129.1 (d), 138.8 (s), 142.5 (s), 145.3 (s), 204.4 (d). MS: m/z (%)=41 (9), 55 (9), 65 (7), 77 (13), 91 (64), 105 (100), 117 (24), 133 (33), 143 (17), 158 (30), 173 (8), 183 (5), 201 (8), 216 (41) [M.sup.+].

(25) A solution of 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)propanal (8.50 g, 39 mmol) in ethyl acetate (100 mL) in a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was degased, and purged with argon. 10%-Palladium on charcoal (800 mg, 0.75 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere for 2 h until GC-monitoring indicated completion of the conversion. The reaction mixture was filtered through a small pad of silica gel, and the insoluble material was rinsed with ethyl acetate. The filtrates were combined and concentrated on a rotatory evaporator. The resulting residue was distilled in a Kugelrohr apparatus to afford 6.30 g (74%) of 3-3-isopentylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal as a colorless odoriferous liquid.

(26) Odor description: floral-aldehydic, water-marine, sl. fatty-metallic.

(27) IR (neat): 2954, 2869, 1725, 1607, 1487, 1455, 1367, 785, 702 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.93 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 1.07 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH.sub.3), 1.43-1.65 (m, 3H), 2.52-2.73 (m, 4H), 3.01-3.10 (m, 1H, ArCH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2), 6.94-7.05 (m, 3H, ArH), 7.15-7.23 (m, 1H, ArH), 9.71 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =13.2 (q), 22.6 (q), 27.8 (d), 33.8 (t), 36.7 (t), 40.9 (t), 48.1 (d), 126.2 (d), 126.5 (d), 128.4 (d), 129.1 (d), 138.8 (s), 143.4 (s), 204.5 (d). MS: m/z (%)=43 (14), 55 (5), 65 (6), 77 (13), 91 (55), 105 (100), 117 (28), 134 (35), 144 (21), 162 (41), 175 (2), 190 (3), 203 (2), 218 (57[M.sup.+].

EXAMPLE 3

Alternative route to 2-Methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)propanal

(28) Under argon atmosphere, in a 750 mL reaction flask, triphenylphosphine (2.00 g, 7.63 mmol), Pd(OAc).sub.2 (500 mg, 2.23 mmol) and copper(I) iodide (400 mg, 2.1 mmol) were dissolved in degassed toluene (300 mL). With vigorous stirring, 3-bromo benzaldehyde (55.5 g, 300 mmol) was added, followed, after 15 min of stirring, by triethylamine (45.0 g, 445 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 45 C., upon which an exothermic reaction set in, and the temperature rose to 75 C. within 60 min, with precipitation of (Et).sub.3NHBr. When the exothermic reaction was over, and the temperature started to drop again, the reaction mixture was heated to 90 C. for 10 min., and 2-methylbut-3-yn-2-ol (25.2 g, 300 mmol) was added dropwise over a period of 2 keeping the reaction temperature between 90-95 C. After further 2.75 h of heating to 90-95 C. with stirring, the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and MTBE (300 mL) and water (300 ml) were added cautiously during a period of 10 min. The organic layer was separated, the aqueous one extracted with ether. The combined organic layers were washed with 25% citric acid solution (2100 mL), washed to pH neutrality, and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 76.0 g of crude 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)benzaldehyde as a brownish-orange colored liquid. A 15 g sample of this material was purified by Kugelrohr distillation to provide 8.9 g of 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)benzaldehyde as an orange-yellowish liquid that was further purified by Kugelrohr distillation to provide 7.2 g (63%) of 3-3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)benzaldehyde as yellowish liquid.

(29) IR (neat): 2954, 1693, 1598, 1576, 1375, 1362, 1281, 1205, 1164, 1138, 1205, 1164, 1138, 973, 937, 870, 790, 774, 682, 646 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.65 (s, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 3.13 (s, 1H, OH), 7.46 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.63 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.78 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.87 (s, 1H, ArH), 9.95 (s, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =31.3 (2 q), 65.4 (s), 80.5 (s), 95.7 (s), 124.0 (s), 128.9 (d), 129.0 (d), 132.9 (d), 136.2 (s), 137.2 (d), 191.7 (d). MS: m/z (%)=29 (2), 39 (3), 43 (49), 51 (6), 58 (3), 63 (5), 75 (10), 86 (7), 91 (5), 101 (18), 115 (20), 130 (23), 145 (5), 159 (12), 173 (100), 188 (12) [M.sup.+]

(30) Palladium on charcoal (10%, 2.00 g, 1.88 mmol) was added to a solution of 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)benzaldehyde (15.0 g, 79.7 mmol) and 10 drops of triethylamine in MTBE (45 mL). After 2.5 h of stirring under hydrogen atmosphere at 8 bar/50 C., the catalyst was removed by filtration, and the reaction mixture concentrated in a rotatory evaporator to afford 16.5 g of crude 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)benzaldehyde. Purification by flash chromatography (hexane:MTBE, 2:1) provided 7.20 g (42%) of 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)benzaldehyde. A further flash chromatography (hexane:MTBE, 4:1.fwdarw.3:1) furnished 2.40 g (16%) of pure 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)benzaldehyde.

(31) IR (neat: 2968, 1687, 1585, 1377, 1364, 1238, 1211, 1141, 911, 805, 783, 688, 650 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.31 (s, 6H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2C), 1.66 (br. s, 1H, OH), 1.82 (dt, J=7.7, 5.0 Hz, 2H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2C(OH)CH.sub.2), 2.81 (dt, J=8.7, 5.0 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2Ar), 4.44 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.48 (dt, J=7.4, 1.9 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.70 (dt, J=7.4, 1.9 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.73 (br. s, 1H, ArH), 9.99 (s, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =29.4 (2 q), 30.4 (t), 45.4 (t), 70.7 (s), 127.6 (d), 129.0 (d), 129.2 (d), 134.6 (d), 136.6 (s), 143.8 (s), 192.6 (d). MS: m/z (%)=27 (2), 31 (5), 39 (7), 43 (15), 51 (8), 59 (100), 65 (16), 77 (20), 91 (88), 105 (56), 115 (7), 119 (84), 131 (52), 145 (30), 159 (17), 174 (85), 177 (23), 192 (6), [M.sup.+].

(32) To a solution of 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)benzaldehyde (4.90 g, 25.5 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) was added 2 drops of 15% aq. NaOH solution, which resulted in pH 7.5. Propionaldehyde (2.0 mL, 27.5 mmol) was added, followed by 8 drops of 15% aq. NaOH solution to give pH 9.5 and to initiate and exothermic reaction with the temperature rising to 35 C. After stirring for 20 min. at this temperature another portion of propionaldehyde (2.0 mL, 27.5 mmol) was added, followed by 5 drops of 15% aq. NaOH solution. After stirring for further 35 min., the reaction mixture was neutralized with aq. citric acid, and the product extracted with MTBE. The combined organic layers were washed to pH neutrality, and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 7.9 of crude products as a yellow-brownish viscous oil, which was further purified by flash chromatography (hexane:MTBE, 2:1) and distillation to provide at 240 C./100 mbar 3.90 g (66%) of (E)-3-(3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)phenyl)-2-methylacrylaldehyde as a yellowish oil.

(33) IR (neat): 2967, 1672, 1622, 1580, 1377, 1360, 1190, 1151, 1017, 913, 700 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): 1.31 (s, 6H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2C), 1.76 (S, 1H, OH), 1.82 (dt, J=7.5, 4.8 Hz, 2H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2C(OH)CH.sub.2), 2.08 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 3H, CCCH.sub.3), 2.77 (dt, J=9.1, 4.8 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2Ar), 7.25-7.28 (m, 2H, 2 ArH), 7.37 (br. s, 2H, 2 ArH), 7.38 (br. s, 1H, ArH), 9.57 (s, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =11.0 (q), 29.4 (2 q), 30.6 (t), 45.6 (t), 70.7 (s), 127.4 (s), 128.7 (d), 129.7 (d), 130.1 (d), 135.2 (s), 138.2 (s), 143.2 (s), 150.1 (d), 195.6 (d). MS: m/z (%)=43 (8), 59 (32), 65 (5), 77 (6), 91 (20), 115 (29), 129 (24), 145 (48), 158 (100), 171 (8), 181 (5), 199 (15), 214 (21), 232 (2) [M.sup.+]

(34) Palladium on charcoal (1.00 g, 0.940 mmol) was added to a solution of (E)-3-(3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)phenyl)-2-methylacrylaldehyde (3.0 g, 12.9 mmol) in MTBE (20 mL), and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h under hydrogen atmosphere at 1 bar. The catalyst was removed by filtration, and the solvent removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 3.4 g of crude product, which was purified by distillation to provide at 240 C./80 mbar 2.95 g (98%) of 3-(3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal as a colorless oil.

(35) IR (neat): 3375, 2968, 2931, 2872, 1717, 1607, 1487, 1455, 1375, 1275, 1208, 1147, 1123, 1092, 1035, 924, 909, 782, 703 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.09 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H, CHCH.sub.3), 1.28 (s, 6H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2C). 1.79 (dt, J=7.6, 4.8 Hz, 2H, (CH.sub.3).sub.2C(OH)CH.sub.2), 1.98 (br. S, 1H, OH), 2.57 (dd, J=13.4, 8.1 Hz, 1H, CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 2.65-2.72 (m, 3H, ArCH.sub.2, CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 3.06 (dd, J=13.4, 5.8 Hz, 1H, CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CHO, 7.00 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.03 (s, 1H, ArH), 7.07 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.21 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 1H, ArH), 9.69 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =13.2 (q), 29.3 (q), 30.7 (t), 36.6 (t), 45.7 (t), 48.0 (d), 70.8 (s), 126.4 (d), 126.4 (d), 128.5 (d), 129.1 (d), 138.9 (s), 142.9 (s), 204.6 (s). MS: m/z (%)=31 (5), 43 (14), 59 (70), 65 (6), 173 (19), 176 (18), 183 (12), 188 (5), 201 (17, 216 (63) [M.sup.+]

(36) para-Toluenesulfonic acid (100 mg, 0.526 mmol) was added to a solution of 3-(3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal (2.80 g, 11.9 mmol) in toluene (40 mL). The reaction mixture was then refluxed under nitrogen atmosphere for 1.5 h with the water being separated in a Dean-Stark trap, allowed to cool to room temperature, and extracted with hexane. The combined organic extracts were washed with aq. NaHCO.sub.3 to pH neutrality and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 3.0 g of crude product as a yellowish oil, which was further purified by Kugelrohr distillation to provide at 200 C./0.1 mbar 1.40 g (54% of 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)propanal as a colorless odoriferous liquid.

(37) Odor description: floral-aldehydic, watery-marine, sl. metallic.

(38) IR (neat): 2929, 1724, 1450, 886, 786, 703 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.07 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H, CHCH.sub.3), 7.76 (s, 3H, CH.sub.3), 2.30 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2Ar), 2.52-2.68 (m, 2H, ArCH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 2.73 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2Ar), 3.02-3.10 (m, 1H, CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 4.69 (s, 1H, CH.sub.2,a), 4.73 (s, 1H, CH.sub.2,b), 6.96-7.08 (m, 3H, ArH), 7.16-7.25 (m, 1H, ArH), 9.69-9.73 (m, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =13.2 (q), 22.6 (q), 34.2 (t), 36.7 (t), 39.7 (t), 48.1 (d), 110.3 (t), 126.4 (d), 126.5 (d), 128.5 (d), 129.1 (d), 138.8 (s), 142.5 (s), 145.3 (s), 204.4 (d). MS: m/z (%)=41 (9), 55 (9), 65 (7), 77 (13), 91 (64), 105 (100), 117 (24), 133 (33), 143 (17), 158 (30), 173 (8), 183 (5), 201 (8), 216 (41) [M.sup.+].

EXAMPLE 4

3-(3-Isopentylphenyl)butanal

(39) At 30 C., a solution of potassium tert-butoxide (7.73 g, 68.8 mmol) in THF (25 mL) was added to a solution of isobutyl triphenylphosphonium bromide (25.0 g, 62.6 mmol) in THF (100 mL). After 2 h of stirring at this temperature, 3-bromobenzaldehyde was added at 25 C., the cooling bath was removed and the reaction mixture allowed to warm to room temperature. After 3 h of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was poured onto ice-water (1:1). The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous one extracted with ether/The combined organic extracts were washed with water and brine, and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 39.9 g of crude product as an orange-brownish liquid, which was further purified by flash chromatography (pentane) to provide 11.1 g (78% of (Z)-1-bromo-3-(3-methylbut-1-enyl)benzene.

(40) IR (neat): 2959, 1592, 1559, 1475, 1069, 886, 788, 746, 712, 699, 680, 664 cm.sup.1, .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.03 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 2.80-2.86 (m, 1H, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2), 5.51 (dd, J=11.6, 10.4 Hz, 1H, CHCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2), 6.22 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H, ArCHC), 7.17-7.20 (m, 2H, 2 ArH), 7.33-7.35 (m, 1H, ArH), 7.39 (br s, 1H, ArH). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =23.0 (2 q), 27.1 (d), 122.2 (s), 125.1 (d), 127.2 (d), 129.4 (d), 129.6 (d), 131.5 (d), 140.0 (s), 141.7 (d). MS: m/z (%)=27 (3), 39 (7), 51 (11), 63 (10), 77 (9), 91 (8), 102 (8), 115 (27), 129 (35), 130 (100), 145 (59), 169 (3), 209 (5), 224 (9) [M.sup.+].

(41) A solution of Pd(OAc).sub.2 (88.0 mg, 0.185 mmol), triphenylphosphine (97.0 mg. 0.370 mmol) in DMPU (6.5 mL) was stirred for 10 min., prior to addition of a solution of (Z)-1-bromo-3(3-methylbut-1-enyl)benzene (5.00 g, 22.2 mmol) in DMPU (2.5 mL). After 5 min. of stirring, (E)-but-2-en-1-ol (1.41 g, 18.5 mmol) and sodium hydrogencarbonate (1.90 g, 22.2 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was heated to 130 C. overnight, and then poured onto ice-water (1:1). After stirring for 5 min. and filtration over Celite, the aqueous phase was extracted with ether. The combined organic extracts were washed with water and brine, and then dried with MgSO.sub.4. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 3.90 g (44%) of (Z)-3-(3-(3-methylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal.

(42) Odor description: floral, marine-watery, aldehydic.

(43) IR (neat): 3001, 1723, 897, 807, 750, 704 cm.sup.1, .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =1.05 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 1.32 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H, ArCHRCH.sub.3), 2.65 (ddd, J=16.7, 6.8, 2.0 Hz, 1H, CH.sub.2CHO), 2.75 (ddd, J=16.7, 6.8, 2.0H, 1H, CH.sub.2CHO), 2.82-2.91 (m, 1H, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2), 3.35 (sext, J=7.1 Hz, 1H, ArCHRCH.sub.3), 5.47 (dd, J=11.6, 10.4 Hz, 1H, CHCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2), 6.28 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H, ArCHC), 7.07 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.10 (br s, 1H, ArH), 7.12 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.26 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H, ArH), 9.72 (t, J=2.0 Hz, 1H, CHO), .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =22.1 (q), 23.2 (2 q), 27.2 (d), 34.2 (d), 51.7 (t), 124.9 (d), 126.3 (d), 126.8 (d), 127.1 (d), 128.5 (d), 138.2 (s), 140.6 (d), 145.3 (s), 201.8 (d). MS: m/z (%)=29 (4), 41 (11), 69 (7), 77 (9), 91 (25), 105 (13), 115 (33), 129 (5), 145 (22), 157 (100), 172 (20), 183 (7), 201 (3), 216 (27) [M.sup.+].

(44) To a solution of (z)-3-(3-(3-methylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal (950 mg, 4.39 mmol) in ethyl acetate (20 mL) was added 10% palladium on charcoal (100 mg, 0.094 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere overnight at ambient pressure. After evacuation of the reaction flask and flushing with argon, the insoluble materials were filtered off, and the solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 0.70 g (73%) of 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)butanal, which was purified by flash chromatography (pentane:ether, 19.1; R.sub.t 0.21) to provide 605 mg (60%) of 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)butanal as a colorless, odoriferous liquid.

(45) Odor description: watery-marine, floral, aldehydic, with some ozone-like character.

(46) IR (neat): 2955, 2929, 1724, 1456, 759, 705 cm.sup.1, .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.94 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 6H, 2 CH.sub.3), 1.30 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H, ArCHRCH.sub.3), 1.46-1.52 (m, 2H, ArCH.sub.2CH.sub.2R), 1.59 (nonet, J=6.8 Hz, 1H, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2), 2.57-2.61 (m, 2H, ArCH.sub.2CH.sub.2R), 2.65 (dd, J=16.4, 6.8, 2.0 Hz, 1H, CH.sub.2CHO), 2.73 (ddd, J=16.4, 6.8, 2.0 Hz, 1H, CH.sub.2CHO), 3.32 (sext, J=7.1 Hz, 1H, ArCHRCH.sub.3), 7.01-7.04 (m, 3H, ArH), 7.21 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H, ArH), 9.70 (t, J=2.0 Hz, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =22.2 (q), 22.5 (2 q), 27.8 (d), 33.8 (t), 34.3 (d), 40.8 (t), 51.8 (t), 123.9 (d), 126.5 (d), 126.9 (d), 128.6 (d), 143.5 (s), 145.4 (s), 201.9 (d). MS: m/z (%)=29 (6), 43 (17), 55 (4), 65 (5), 71 (7), 77 (10), 91 (56), 105 (53), 118 (100), 129 (17), 134 (11), 147 (69), 162 (12), 175 (14), 176 (23), 203 (9), 218 (49) [M.sup.+].

EXAMPLE 5

3-(3-(2-Cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal

(47) At 22 C., a solution of potassium tert-butoxide (1.38 g, 12.3 mmol) in THF (12 mL) was added to a stirred solution of cyclopropyl triphenylphosphonium bromide (4.90 g, 12.3 mmol) in THF (24 mL), upon which the reaction temperature increased to 15 C., and the color cooled to 25 C. and a solution of 3-bromobenzaldehyde (2.28 g, 12.33 mmol) in THF (12 mL) was added, upon which the reaction temperature increased to 4 C. and the color changed to beige. The cooling bath was removed, and the reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min. at room temperature, prior to being poured onto ice-water (1:1). The product was extracted with ether twice, and the combined organic extracts were washed with water, and dried with sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 5.79 g of crude product, which was purified by flash chromatography (ether:pentane, 1:100) to provide 1.75 g (61%) of (Z)-1-bromo-3-(2-cyclopropylvinyl)benzene as a yellowish oil.

(48) IR (neat): 1590, 937, 812, 787, 770, 737, 706, 694, 680, 663 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.46-0.52 (m, 2H, cyclopropyl CH.sub.2,a). 0.81-0.87 (m, 2H, cyclopropyl CH.sub.2,b), 1.77-1.87 (m, 1H, cyclopropylCH), 5.09 (dd, J=11.5, 10.1H, 1H, ArCHCH), 6.25 (d, J=11.5 Hz, 1H, ArCHCH), 7.19 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H, ArH). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =8.1 (2 l), 11.0 (d), 122.3 (s), 126.0 (d), 127.2 (d), 129.3 (d), 129.7 (d), 131.5 (d), 138.2 (d), 140.1 (s). MS: m/z (%)=27 (2), 39 (4), 51 (4), 57 (2), 63 (7), 70 (3), 75 (5), 89 (6), 102 (5), 115 (29), 128 (100), 143 (55), 193 (2), 207 (2), 222 (10) [M.sup.+].

(49) Triphenylphosphine (40.0 mg, 0.152 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of Pd(OAc).sub.2 (36.0 mg, 0.076 mmol) in DMPU (5 mL). After 10 min. of stirring, the color of the clear reaction mixture changed from yellowish to brown. 1-Bromo-3-(2-cyclopropylvinyl)benzene (1.70 g, 7.62 mmol) was added, followed after 3 min. of stirring by sodium hydrogencarbonate (0.768 g, 9.14 mmol) and 2-methylprop-2-en-1-ol (0.659 g, 9.14 mmol). The reaction mixture was refluxed with stirring overnight, allowed to cool to room temperature, poured into ice-water (1:1) and filtered. The filtrate was extracted with ether, and the combined organic extracts were washed with sodium hydrogencarbonate, and dried with magnesium sulfate. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 1.31 g of crude product, which was purified by flash chromatography (pentane:ether, 98:2) to afford 555 mg (33% of (Z)-3-(3-(2-cyclopropylvinyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal as a colorless odoriferous oil.

(50) Odor description: marine, watery floral, green-aldehydic, creamy: slightly reminiscent of egg white.

(51) IR (neat): 1722, 933, 910, 797, 700 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.45-0.49 (m, 2H, cyclopropyl CH.sub.2,a), 0.79-0.85 (m, 2H, cyclopropyl CH.sub.2,b), 1.09 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 1.81-1.89 (m, 1H, cyclopropylCH), 2.60 (dd, J=13.3, 8.3 Hz, 1H, ArCH.sub.2,aCH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 2.67 (qddd, J=8.3, 6.8, 5.5, 1.5 Hz, 1H, ArCH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 3.08 (dd, J=13.3, 5.5 Hz, 1H, ArCH.sub.2,bCH(CH.sub.3CHO), 5.05 (d, J=11.6, 9.8 Hz, 1, ArCHCH), 6.31 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H, ArCHCH), 7.18 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.21 (br. s, 1H, ArH), 7.26 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.29 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H, ArH), 9.72 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =8.0 (2 t), 11.1 (d), 13.2 (q), 36.6 (t), 48.0 (d) 126.2 (d), 127.0 (d), 127.2 (d), 128.3 (d), 129.3 (d), 137.0 (d), 138.2 (s), 138.6 (s), 204.3 (d). MS: m/z (%)=29 (4), 39 (8), 51 (6), 67 (9), 77 (15), 91 (27), 102 (6), 115 (51), 128 (80), 141 (100), 156 (76), 165 (3), 171 (4), 181 (5), 186 (4), 196 (2), 214 (19), [M.sup.+].

(52) Platinum on charcoal (10%, 107 mg, 0.0548 mmol) was added to a solution of 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylvinyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal (2.14 g, 10 mmol) in ethanol (40 mL). The reaction flask was evacuated and flushed with argon, evacuated again and flushed with hydrogen. After vigorous stirring overnight at room temperature, the insoluble materials were removed by filtrated over a pad of Celite, which was thoroughly rinsed with ethanol. The solvent was removed on a rotatory evaporator to afford 2.25 g of crude product, which was purified by flash chromatography (pentane:ether, 99:1) to provide 550 mg (22%) of 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylethyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropanal as a colorless odoriferous liquid.

(53) Odor description: floral-aldehydic, watery-marine, slightly metallic.

(54) IR (neat): 2922, 1724, 1487, 1014, 780, 702 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3); =0.01-0.03 (m, 2H, cyclopropyl CH.sub.2,a), 0.37-0.41 (m, 2H, cyclopropyl CH.sub.2,b), 0.64-0.88 (m, 1H, cyclopropyl CH), 1.05 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 1.43-1.50 (m, 2H, CHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2), 2.52-2.68 (m, 4H, ArCH.sub.2,aCH(CH.sub.3)CHO, ArCH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3) CHO, ArCH.sub.2CH.sub.2), 3.03 (dd, J=13.6, 6.4 Hz, 1H, ArCH.sub.2,bCH(CH.sub.3)CHO), 6.95 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H, ArH), 6.97 (s, 1H, ArH), 7.02 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.17 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 1H, ArH), 9.69 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =4.5 (2 t), 10.7 (d), 13.2 (q), 35.9 (t), 36.7 (t), 36.7 (t), 48.0 (d), 126.3 (d), 126.5 (d), 128.4 (d), 129.2 (d), 138.7 (s), 142.9 (s), 204.4 (d). MS: m/z (%)=29 (11), 41 (19), 55 (60), 65 (11), 77 (22), 91 (85), 105 (100), 117 (72), 129 (64), 143 (33), 158 (51), 159 (51), 173 (7), 183 (5), 188 (9), 198 (4), 215 (7), 216 (4) [M.sup.+].

EXAMPLE 6

3-(3-(2-cyclopropylvinyl)phenyl)butanal

(55) A solution of 3-(3-(2-cyclopropylvinyl)phenyl)butanal (2.70 g, 12.6 mmol) in ethyl acetate (50 ml) was stirred in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd/C (10%) under a hydrogen atmosphere for 15 h. The solution was filtered over a pad of silica gel to yield 3-(3-(2-cycloproplethyl)phenyl)butanal (0.4 g, 13%) as a colorless oil.

(56) Odor description: aldehydic watery floral, marine, slightly buttery, creamy.

(57) IR (neat): 2999, 2924, 2717, 1723, 1605, 1454, 1014, 793, 705 cm.sup.1, .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.02-0.06 (m, 2H, cyclopropyl CH.sub.2,a). 0.38-0.44 (m, 2H, cyclopropyl CH.sub.2,b), 0.65-0.77 (m, 1H, cyclopropyl CH), 1.31 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2CHO), 1.47-1.53 (m, 2H, CHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2), 2.56-2.77 (m, 4H, ArCH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2CHO, ArCH.sub.2CH.sub.2), 3.24-3.33 (m, 1H, ArCH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2CHO), 7.01-7.05 (m, 3H, ArH), 7.19-7.24 (m, 1H, ArH), 9.70 (t, J=2.0 Hz, 1, CHO), .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =4.5 (2 t), 10.7 (d), 22.2 (q), 34.3 (d), 36.0 (t), 36.7 (t), 51.8 (t), 124.0 (d), 126.7 (d), 127.0 (d), 128.5 (d), 143.1 (s), 145.4 (s), 202.0 (d). MS: m/z (%)=29 (4), 41 (9), 55 (15), 77 (8), 91 (53), 105 (19), 117 (84), 119 (100), 143 (59), 157 (21), 159 (11), 173 (37), 187 (12), 201 (7), 216 (4) [M.sup.+].

EXAMPLE 7

2-Methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal

(58) A mixture of Pd(OAc).sub.2 (158 mg, 0.33 mmol) and triphenyl phosphine (173 mg, 0.66 mmol) in DMPU (20 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 10 min. 1-Bromo-3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)benzene (7.43 g, 33 mmol) was added to the dark but clear solution. The mixture was stirred for another 3 min and 2-methylbut-2-en-1-ol (5.69 g, 66 mmol) and NaHCO.sub.3 (3.33 g, 39.6 mmol) were added. The mixture was heated to 130 C. and left stirring for 15 h at this temperature. The reaction mixture was cooled and poured into ice water (200 ml). The mixture was filtered over a pad of celite and extracted three times with ether. The combined organic phases were washed with water and brine, dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel and distilled at 145 C./0.13 mbar to yield 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)butanal (0.75 g, 9%) as a mixture of 2 isomers in a ratio of 6:4 (colorless oil).

(59) Odor description: floral-aldehydic, watery-marine, slightly metallic, dihydro farnesal-like.

(60) IR (neat): 2966, 2931, 2702, 1722, 1751, 885, 780, 705 cm.sup.1. .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =0.91, 1.11 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.31, 1.34 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.76 (2s, 3H), 2.32-2.36 (2m, 2H), 2.53-2.68 (2m, 1H), 2.75-2.80 (2m, 2H), 2.97-3.19 (2m, 1H), 4.69 (2bs, 1H), 4.73 (2bs, 1H), 7.01-7.10 (2m, 3H), 7.24-7.28 (2m, 1H), 9.57, 9.68 (d, J=2.1, 3.3 Hz, 1H, CHO). .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3): =10.5, 12.5 (q), 17.5, 20.0 (q), 22.6 (2q), 34.2, 34.3 (t), 39.6 (2t), 40.2, 40.9 (d), 52.5, 52.9 (d), 110.3 (2t), 124.9, 125.0 (d), 126.6 (2d), 127.5, 127.7 (2d), 128.4, 128.5 (d), 142.4, 142.5 (s), 143.6, 144.1 (s), 145.2, 145.3 (s), 204.9 (2d). MS: m/z (%)=29 (6), 41 (11), 55 (7), 65 (4), 77 (9), 91 (47), 105 (15), 117 (99), 119 (100), 145 (23), 157 (10), 159 (11), 173 (56), 187 (8), 197 (4), 215 (2), 230 (6) [M.sup.+].

EXAMPLE 8

(61) Feminine Fruity-Floral Fine Fragrance

(62) TABLE-US-00001 parts per weight Compound/ingredient 1/900 1. ALLYL AMYL GLYCOLATE 1.00 2. AMBROFIX (dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl-naphthol[2,1-b]furan) 2.00 3. BENZYL SALICYLATE 100.00 4. CITRONELLYL ACETATE 10.00 5. 1,1-DIMETHYL-2-PHENYLETHYL BUTYRATE 3.00 6. DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL (DPG) 85.00 7. ETHYLENE BRASSYLATE 90.00 8. FLOROSA 85.00 (TETRAHYDRO-4-METHYL-2-(2-METHYLPROPYL)-2H-PYRAN-4-OL) 9. GARDENOL (METHYL PHENYL CARBINYL ACETATE) 5.00 10. GEORGYWOOD 200.00 (2-acetyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,2,8,8-tetramethylnaphthalene) 11. GRAPEFRUIT OIL COSMOS 70.00 12. CIS-3-HEXENOL 3.00 13. CIS-3-HEXENYL SALICYLATE 25.00 14. LEMON OIL ITALY ORPUR 45.00 15. LIFFAROME (3Z-HEXENYL METHYL CARBONATE), 10% DPG 8.00 16. LINALYL ACETATE 45.00 17. ORANGE OIL BRASIL 25.00 18. PEPPERWOOD (3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl dimethylcarbamate) 20.00 19. PETALIA (2-cyclohexylidene-2-(o-tolyl)-acetonitrile) 25.00 20. POMAROSE ((2E)-5,6,7-trimethylocta-2,5-dien-4-one), 10% DPG 3.00 21. SERENOLIDE 35.00 (2-(1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)-ethoxy)-2-methylpropyl cyclopropane- carboxylate) 22. 3-(3-(4-Methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal 15.00 Total: 900.00

(63) The introduction of 1.67% of 3(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal provides this feminine-fruity-floral fine fragrance composition with a watery, aquatic-floral effect and a unique marine, even slightly salty signature. In effect, the volume, thickness and olfactory density of the perfume are significantly increased, and the creaminess as well as floralcy is enhanced. Using the more potent (S)-configured isomer of 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanala (87% ee, Example 1) instead of the racemic material at the same quantity increases the floral-watery effect even further to a point where the composition turns completely into a buttery creaminess. This effect can however even be perceived as too dominant, and the weaker (R)-configured isomer of 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal (84% ee) with its watery, aquatic-floral note more in a sweet fruity, melon direction, might esthetically be preferred. Employing 15% of (R)-3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal (84% ee) instead of the racemic material also induces an aquatic floralcy, but keeps the transparency high, and adds rather a sweet fruity-marine melon-type twist to the composition. All three materials, the racemate of 3-(3-(4-methylpentyl)phenyl)butanal as well as its individual stereoisomers provide a distinct and characteristic marine, aquatic-flora signature to this modern, floral feminine fine fragrance.

EXAMPLE 9

Floral-Fruity Unisex Fragrance for Use as Perfume and in Cosmetics

(64) TABLE-US-00002 Parts per Weight Compound/Ingredient 1/900 1. CALONE 1951 (7-methyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]-dioxepin-3(4H)-one) 3.00 2. CASSYRANE 25.00 (2-(tert-butyl)-5-methyl-2-propyl-2,5-dihydrofuran), 10% DPG 3. CEPIONATE (methyl 2-(3-oxo-2-pentylcyclopentyl)-acetate) 280.00 4. CITRONELLYL ACETATE 10.00 5. CYCLAL C (2,4-dimethylcyclohex-3-ene-carbaldehyde) 4.00 8. DIHYDRO MYRCENOL 25.00 7. DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL (DPG) 77.00 8. ETHYLENE BRASSYLATE 45.00 9. FLOROSA (2-isobutyl-4-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol) 70.00 10. FLORYMOSS (1-(cyclooct-3-en-1-yl)propan-1-ol) 80.00 11. GALBANONE 10 8.00 (1-(3,3/5,5-dimethylcyclo-hex-1-en-1-yl)pent-4-en-1-one) 12. GARDENOL (METHYL PHENYL CARBINYL ACETATE) 15.00 13. CIS-3-HEXENOL 1.00 14. LINALOOL SYNTHETIC 45.00 15. MAGNOLIA FLOWER OIL CHINA ORPUR 1.00 16. MANDARINE OIL ITALY COLORLESS, MOL DIST 45.00 17. MAYOL ((4-isopropylcyclohexyl)methanol) 90.00 18. OKOUMAL 4.00 (2,4-dimethyl-2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)- 1,3-dioxolane) 19. PETALIA (2-cyclohexylidene-2-(o-tolyl)-acetonitrile) 10.00 20. ROSE OXIDE (2-isobutenyl-4-methyl-tetrahydropyran) 1.00 21. TROPIONAL (3-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2-methylpropanal) 35.00 22. VIOLET NITRILE (2,6-nonadienenitrile) 10% TEC, 1% DPG 1.00 23. 3-(3-Isopentylphenyl)-2-methyl-propanal 25.00 Total: 900.00

(65) The introduction of 2.78% of 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal much enhances the fruitiness and the floral lily-of-the-valley character of the composition. Thus, it provides a mouthwatering, transparent fruity-floral aquatic feeling as well as body, creaminess and volume to the composition. With the floral-marine aquatic note of 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal the fragrance formulation becomes less opaque, but instead appears fresh, light and watery. This highlights especially juicy fruity aspects, but also watery floralcy of this perfume composition.

EXAMPLE 10

Fresh Marine-Woody Masculine Fine Fragrance

(66) TABLE-US-00003 Parts per Weight Compound/Ingredient 1/900 1. BERGAMOT OIL ITALY ORPUR 25.00 2. CALYPSONE (6-Methoxy-2,6-dimethyloctanal) 20.00 3. CEPIONATE (methyl 2-(3-oxo-2-pentylcyclopentyl)-acetate) 150.00 4. CITRONELLOL EXTRA 25.00 5. DIPROPYLENE GLYGOL (DPG) 138.00 6. ETHYLENE BRASSYLATE 90.00 7. ETHYL SAFRANATE 8.00 (ethyl 2,6,6-trimethylcyclo-hexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylate), 10% DPG 8. FLORYMOSS (1-(cyclooct-3-en-1-yl)propan-1-ol) 45.00 9. GEORGYWOOD 20.00 (2-acetyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,2,8,8-tetramethylnaphthalene) 10. HERBOXANE (2-Butyl-4,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane) 75.00 11. CIS-3-HEXENYL SALICYLATE 25.00 12. ISORALDEINE CETONE ALPHA 45.00 (3-Methyl-4-(2,6,6-tri-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one) 13. LEMON OIL ITALY ORPUR 55.00 14. MANZANATE (Ethyl 2-methylpentanoate), 1% DPG 25.00 15. GAMMA-OCTALACTONE, 10% DPG 3.00 16. OSYROL (7-methoxy-3,7-dimethyloctan-2-ol) 20.00 17. ROSALVA (dec-9-en-1-ol), 10% DPG 8.00 18. ROSSITOL (1-methyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)-cyclohexanol) 35.00 19. SERENOLIDE 80.00 (2-(1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)-ethoxy)-2-methylpropyl cyclopropane- carboxylate) 20. 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)-propanal 8.00 Total: 900.00

(67) The introduction of only 0.89% of 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)propanal already induces a pleasant transparency and floralcy to this marine masculine perfume composition, and much enhances its freshness and aquatic marine character. One can even notice a salty character that is introduced, and very well accompanies the overall marine-watery feeling. Also the seed-like quality of the perfume composition is highlighted by the use of this minor amount of 2-methyl-3-(3-(3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenyl)propanal.

EXAMPLE 11

Green Lily-of-the-Valley Theme for Use as Perfume and in Cosmetics

(68) TABLE-US-00004 Parts per Weight Compound/Ingredient 1/900 1. BENZYL ACETATE EXTRA 40.00 2. CITRONELLYL ACETATE 75.00 3. CITRONELLOL 25.00 4. COSMONE (3-methyl-cyclotetradec-5-en-1-one) 10.00 5. DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL (DPG) 130.00 6. ETHYL LINALOOL 25.00 7. EVERNYL (methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate) 1.00 8. FLOROSA (tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methylpropyl)-2h-pyran-4-ol) 55.00 9. FLORYMOSS (1-(cyclooct-3-en-1-yl)propan-1-ol) 25.00 10. HEDIONE HIGH CIS (CIS-methyl 2-(3-oxo-2-pentyl-cyclopentyl)acetate) 55.00 11. 3-CIS-HEXENOL 7.00 12. HYDROXYCITRONELLAL 45.00 13. INDOL PURE, 10% DPG 8.00 14. JASMIN ABSOLUT EGYPT PURE 12.00 15. CIS-JASMONE 15.00 16. JASMOPYRANE FORTE ((3-pentyloxan-4-yl)acetate) 25.00 17. LEMON OIL ITALY ORPUR 10.00 18. PEPPERWOOD (3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl dimethylcarbamate) 10.00 19. PETALIA (2-cyclohexylidene-2-(o-tolyl)-acetonitrile) 45.00 20. 2-PHENYLETHANOL 200.00 21. ROSE OIL BULGARIA ORPUR 2.00 22. VIOLET NITRILE (2,6-nonadienenitrile) 10% TEC, 1% DPG 10.00 23. VIRIDINE (2,2-dimethoxyethylbenzene) 25.00 24. YLANG YLANG OIL MADAGASCAR 20.00 25. 3-(3-Isopentylphenyl)butanal 25.00 Total: 900.00

(69) The addition of 2.78% of 3-(3-isopentylphenyl)butanal provides this lily-of-the-valley fragrance formulation with a natural green, aquatic-floral freshness, highlighting the central floral theme. It also significantly enhances its volume and lends the perfume more body, thus making it appear more full, yet still transparent and light.