FULL APERTURE BEVERAGE END

Abstract

A full aperture beverage end has a center panel, a countersink surrounding the centre panel, a main score arranged in proximity to the countersink to define a removable aperture panel and a vent score. The beverage end is adapted for use with products that are pressurized to over 30 psi (200 kPa) when opened, and during opening the vent score is adapted to sever first, controlling the pressure differential between the external surface and internal surface of the centre panel, thereby allowing the main score to tear in a controlled and reliable manner.

Claims

1. A full aperture beverage end comprising a center panel, a countersink surrounding the centre panel, a main score arranged in proximity to the countersink to define a removable aperture panel, and a vent score, whereby the end is adapted for use with products that are pressurized to over 30 psi (200 kPa) and such that during opening the vent score is adapted to sever first, controlling the pressure differential between the external surface and internal surface of the centre panel, thereby allowing the main score to tear in a controlled and reliable manner.

2. A full aperture beverage end according to claim 1 adapted for use with products held under pressure of between 30 and 90 psi (200 and 600 kPa).

3. A full aperture beverage end according to claim 1, wherein the beverage end further includes a tab having a nose and a handle, which is lifted by a user to initiate sequential rupture of the vent score and then the main score.

4. A full aperture beverage end according to claim 3, wherein the tab is solid and has no hinge.

5. A full aperture beverage end according to claim 3, wherein the tab is positioned so that the tab nose is within the main score or proximate to the main score upon initial actuation of the tab.

6. A full aperture beverage end according to claim 1, wherein the main score has an asymmetric score profile.

7. A full aperture beverage end according to claim 6, wherein the asymmetric score profile is designed to ensure that the score land portion remains with the aperture panel after the aperture panel is detached.

8. A full aperture beverage end according to claim 1, wherein the center panel further includes a second, anti-fracture score positioned radially inside the main score.

9. A full aperture beverage end according to claim 1, wherein the height from the base of the countersink to the end panel is greater than 1.5 mm.

10. A full aperture beverage end of claim 1 wherein main score is positioned to within 0.020 inches (0.5 mm) radially of the panel fillet so as to maximise cut edge safety.

11. A full aperture beverage can having rated for internal pressure of over 30 psi (200 kPa), the beverage can comprising: a can body; an end, seamed onto the can body, including a center panel, a countersink surrounding the center panel, a tab attached to the center panel by a rivet; a main score that defines a removable aperture panel, a vent score formed in the aperture panel, the main score having an outer wall proximate a lip of the end, an inner wall proximate the aperture panel, and a land at the base of the main score, the land having a thickness that is smaller proximate the main score outer wall than the land thickness proximate the main score inner wall, whereby the land remains affixed to the aperture panel after detachment of the aperture panel.

12. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein the can is rated for internal pressure of at least 70 psi.

13. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein the can is rated for internal pressure of at least 85 psi.

14. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein the can is rated for internal pressure of at least 90 psi.

15. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein the centerline of the main score is located between 0.000 inches and 0.020 inches from a center of a transition radius between the countersink and the center panel.

16. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein the centerline of the main score is located between 0.000 inches and 0.010 inches from a center of a transition radius between the countersink and the center panel.

17. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein the centerline of the main score is located between 0.000 inches and 0.006 inches from a center of a transition radius between the countersink and the center panel.

18. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein the centerline of the main score is located between 0.000 inches and 0.004 inches from a center of a transition radius between the countersink and the center panel.

19. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein the centerline of the main score is located between 0.000 inches and 0.002 inches from a center of a transition radius between the countersink and the center panel.

20. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein a nose of the tab in its rest state is radially inwardly spaced apart from an inner edge of the main score by between approximately 0.000 inches and 0.008 inches, measured horizontally.

21. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein a nose of the tab in its rest state is radially inwardly spaced apart from an inner edge of the main score by between approximately 0.000 inches and 0.005 inches, measured horizontally.

22. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein a nose of the tab in a partially actuated state, in which the tab nose contacts the center panel, is approximately between the centerline of the main score and 0.005 inches radially inboard from an inner edge of the main score.

23. The full aperture beverage can of claim 11 wherein a nose of the tab in a partially actuated state, in which the tab nose contacts the center panel, is within 0.002 inches of an inner edge of the main score.

24. A method of opening a full aperture beverage can having rated for internal pressure of over 30 psi (200 kPa), the method comprising the steps of: providing a can having a can body and an end, seamed onto the can body, including a center panel, a countersink surrounding the center panel, a tab attached to the center panel by a rivet; a main score that defines a removable aperture panel, a vent score formed in the aperture panel, the main score having an outer wall proximate a lip of the end, an inner wall proximate the aperture panel, and a land at the base of the main score, the land having a thickness that is smaller proximate the main score outer wall than the land thickness proximate the main score inner wall, whereby the land remains affixed to the aperture panel after detachment of the aperture panel; raising a heel of a tab to pivot the tab relative to the rivet to rupture the vent score; after the raising step, continuing to raise the heel of the tab to rupture the main score and propagate the score rupture around the center panel to completely detach the aperture panel, thereby providing a full aperture from which a user a drink.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0016] FIG. 1 shows a plan view of can having a beverage end (tab not shown) according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] FIG. 2 shows a 3-dimensional view of a container incorporating the beverage end according to the invention, including a tab in a vented position (after the vent score has been severed);

[0018] FIG. 3 shows a 3-dimensional view of the container and beverage end shown in FIG. 2, from a rear angle;

[0019] FIG. 4 shows a 3-dimensional view of the container and beverage end shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (from the same angle as shown in FIG. 2) after the vent score has been broken and as the main score starts to sever;

[0020] FIG. 5 shows a 3-dimensional view of the container and beverage end shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (from the same angle as shown in FIG. 3) after the vent score has been broken and as the main score starts to sever;

[0021] FIG. 6 shows a 3-dimensional view of the container and beverage end after the main score has completely severed allowing the aperture to be exposed and the aperture panel to be removed;

[0022] FIG. 7A (Prior Art) is a cross sectional sketch showing a standard (symmetrical) score profile used on conventional beverage ends;

[0023] FIG. 7B is a cross sectional sketch showing the (asymmetric) score profile used for the main score on ends according to the invention;

[0024] FIG. 8 is a cross section view of a portion of the can end according to the invention fixed to a can body;

[0025] FIG. 9 is a top view of the can shown in FIG. 2;

[0026] FIG. 10A is a cross section view of a can illustrating a can end with the removable aperture panel removed according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG. 10B is a cross section view of a can illustrating a can end with the removable aperture panel removed according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] FIG. 10C is a cross section view of a can illustrating a can end with the removable aperture panel removed according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] FIG. 10D is a cross section view of a can illustrating a can end with the removable aperture panel removed according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention

[0030] FIG. 11 is a top view of the can of FIG. 2, with the tab shown as transparent to illustrate the vent score;

[0031] FIG. 12 is a top view of a punch for forming the vent score shown in FIG. 1; and

[0032] FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion of the punch of FIG. 11.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] A can assembly 10 includes a one-piece can body 12 and a can end 14 that are joined together at a seam 16. Preferably, can body 12 and seam 16 are conventional according to commercial carbonated beverage standards.

[0034] FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment end 14 with the tab omitted for clarity. End 14 includes an wall portion 20, a countersink 22, and a center panel 30. The shell configuration (that is, the end without the tab, having the structure as it leaves the shell press) has a configuration, including wall 20, countersink 22, and center panel 30, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, that preferably is a conventional SuperEnd end as supplied by Crown Cork & Seal in a commercially popular size, such as 202, 204, or 206.

[0035] Countersink 22 extends from the lower part of wall 20 and includes a curved bottom portion 24 and an inner wall 26 that extends up from bottom 24. Inner wall 26, in the first embodiment (FIG. 1) has a straight portion that merges into center panel 30 via transition 28 having a radius R. The origin of radius R is point C, as best shown in FIG. 8. For embodiments having a curved transition that does not have a single radius and a single origin, averages may be used.

[0036] Center panel 30 includes a rivet 34, a moustache score 46, a main score 50, and an anti-fracture score 52. Rivet 34 preferably is conventional. A tab 36 is attached to center panel 30 by rivet 34. Tab 36 preferably is a solid tabthat is, without an integral hinge. Center panel 30 preferably is approximately planar in its unseamed or unpressurized state.

[0037] Moustache score 46 is configured to enable venting of pressurized can assembly 10. For internal pressures greater than 30 psi, the vent score described in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/796,972, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, is preferred. As tab 36 is lifted by its handle or heel 38, moustache score 46 is designed to break before main score 50 to vent the internal pressure in can 10.

[0038] Main score 50 extends about the periphery of center panel 30 and defines a removable aperture panel 54. As shown in the Figures, tab 36 is attached to aperture panel 54. As is conventional, anti-fracture score 52 is also located on aperture panel 54 radially inside of main score 50 to reduce stress and take up slack metal. Upon removal of aperture panel 54, a lip 32 is left behind. Lip 32 is the portion of end 14 that extends radially inwardly from the inside edge of the seam 16. Further, aperture panel 54 may include debosses and embosses, as explained more fully below.

[0039] The inventors have identified the importance of configuring end 14 in such a way that main score 50 is in a location on end 14 that is sufficiently stiff to promote initial rupture of score 50 upon initial actuation of tab 36. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a first embodiment of end 14 and illustrates the relationship between main score 50 and countersink 22, which stiffens end 14 in the region of end 14.

[0040] Preferably, the centerline of main score 50 is near countersink 22 at the location of contact between tab nose 40 and center panel 30 such that the structural stiffness of countersink 22 prevents excessive panel deflection to promote initial score fracture. For example, the horizontal distance between transition curve origin C and the vertical center of main score 50 may be as low as 0.000 inches (that is, falling on the same vertical axis). Preferably, the centerline of main score 50 does not extend radially outside of point C so that the main score does not interfere with the structural performance of countersink 22. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the centerline of main score 50 preferably is within approximately 0.020 inches, more preferably is within approximately 0.010 inches, more preferably approximately 0.0060 inches, more preferably approximately 0.004 inches, and even more preferably approximately 0.002 inches (measured horizontally) of point C to get the benefit of countersink stiffening. The upper limit of distance between the main score centerline and point C may also be determined by aesthetics or the functional aspects of drinking. Alternatively, main score 50 may be spaced apart from countersink 22 and preferably located near a structural stiffener, such as an emboss, deboss, or like ridge. The configuration and distance of the main score and countersink may be chosen according to parameters that will be understood by persons familiar with beverage can end engineering and design upon considering this specification.

[0041] FIG. 7A illustrates a symmetrical score profile 130 currently used for the aperture score of conventional beverage ends. Symmetric score 130 has a generally trapezoidal shape that includes a pair of identical but oppositely oriented sidewalls 130a and 130b and a generally flat land 130c. In practice, it is difficult to control or predict exactly where (in its cross section) score 130 severs. Land 130c, when severed and extending at the base of either sidewall 130a or 130b, makes the edge sharp. This edge is more likely to cut a user than the fillet. The fillet is the score sidewall from which land the score residual of land 130c breaks cleanly (that is, the part of the score sidewall to which no portion or an insignificant part of the score residual of land 130c remains attached).

[0042] FIG. 7B illustrates the asymmetrical main score 50 used on the beverage end 14 according to an aspect of the present invention. Asymmetric main score 50 has a pair of sidewalls 51x and 51y that extend to two different depths X and Y relative to the top surface of center panel 30. Main score 50 also has a land 56. In this specification, the term land refers generally to top surface or width and the term score residual refers to the thickness. Ends of the land 56x and 56y (in cross section as shown in FIG. 7B) are defined as the points at which the land merges into or transitions into the score sidewalls 51x and 51y. In its opened state, the thickness at land ends 56x and 56y have score residual thicknesses T.sub.a and T.sub.b.

[0043] Thicknesses T-a and T-b may be chosen according to the desired parameters of end 14, such as proximity of score 50 to countersink 22, end thickness and material, desired pressure rating, tab configuration, and the like. For the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the thickness of center panel 30 is between 0.0075 inches and 0.013 inches, the width of score 50 at its top is approximately 0.007 inches, the width of score land 56 is approximately between 0.001 inches and 0.003 inches. T-a is approximately between 0.002 inches and 0.004 inches and T-b is approximately between 0.0025 inches and 0.045 inches. The present invention is not limited to the particular dimensions provided in this specification unless expressly stated in the claims. Rather, the invention encompasses other dimensions in accordance with the broad disclosure of its inventive aspects.

[0044] The score residual at thinner end 56x of score land 56 tends to fracture more readily than that at thicker end 56y. This tendency is an advantage in controlling the location of the fracture within main score 50. In this regard, the cross sectional structure of score 50 is configured such that the score residual of land 130c remains attached to aperture panel 54 rather than to lip 32 (that is, because the score residual at land outer end 56x is thinner than that at land inner end 56y), therefore leaving lip 32 having a fillet configuration.

[0045] The inventors have found also that for a given score, the structure and operation of the tab affects the reliability and predictability of the main score fracture. In this regard, if tab nose 40 is too far from main score 50, end 14 may fracture between main score 50 and anti-fracture score 52 or within anti-fracture score 52, rather than solely in main score 50. Measured upon actuation of tab 36 when tab nose 40 first contacts end 14 and before main score fracture, tab nose 40 preferably does not span across main score 50 to touch the outer score wall 51x. Preferably, tab nose 40, upon contact with end 14, is at the centerline of main score 50 or on aperture panel 54 within 0.005 inches radially inboard of the inner edge 60 of main score 50 (FIG. 7B). More preferably, tab nose 40 is within 0.002 inches on either side of the inner edge 60.

[0046] The location of tab nose 40 may also be measured with the tab in its at-rest state before actuation by a user. In this regard, tab nose 40 preferably is between approximately 0.000 inches and 0.008 inches from the inner edge 60 of main score 50, and more preferably between 0.000 inches and 0.005 inches, as measured radially inwardly from edge 62. The difference in location of tab nose 40 relative to main score 50 between its initial contact state and its at-rest state is to account for shunting during the tab actuation process. Tab 36 shunts forward in the end shown in FIG. 1 during the actuation and opening process by about 0.003 inches mostly because of deflection of panel 30 near rivet 34 and opening of vent score 46. The magnitude of tab nose shunting also depends on internal can pressure. In general, higher pressure creates shunting of a corresponding greater magnitude. For simplicity, the dimensions provided for tab nose location relative to main score 50 are measured with a microscope looking straight down on end 14, as shown for example in FIG. 9.

[0047] The location of tab nose 40 relative to main score 50 may be chosen according to the design parameters of the particular end, such as main score configuration, tab design, vent score design, can internal pressure, and other factors that will be understood by persons familiar with can end engineering and design upon considering the present specification.

[0048] FIGS. 2 through 6 show different 3-dimensional views of the first embodiment beverage end 14 applied to a filled can 10 (product level not shown). FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the operation of end 14. A user first lifts heel 38 of tab 36, which pivots around the rivet 34. The force and moment applied to rivet 34, and the corresponding local deflection of center panel 30, severs the vent score 46 creating a vent hole 48 (see FIG. 3). Preferably, vent score 46 is in the form of a flap such that internal pressure of the can causes the fracture of vent score 46 to rupture without arresting, thereby deflecting the flap to vent pressures of greater than 30 psi, such as 70 psi, 85 psi, and 90 psi and above.

[0049] FIGS. 11-13 illustrate the components of the end 14. To aid in the description of center panel 30, primary or center reference line P.sub.L is defined as extending through the center of rivet 34 and through the longitudinal centerline of tab 36. For the vast majority of commercial tabs, primary reference line P.sub.L will extend through the point of initial contact between the nose of tab 36 and its point of initial contact on the center panel. Transverse reference line T.sub.L is defined as extending through the center of rivet 34 and perpendicular to the primary reference line P.sub.L. The plane defined by lines P.sub.L and T.sub.L is parallel to the plane defined by the top of the seam and parallel to center panel 30, to the extent that center panel 30 defines a plane in its seamed or unseamed state. Primary reference line P.sub.L divides can end 14 into a front portion on the side of the tab nose and a rear portion on the side of the tab heel.

[0050] Vent score 46 includes a central portion 42, a pair or lateral portions 45a and 45b, and a pair of side portions 49a and 49b. As best shown in FIG. 5, central portion 42 of vent score 46 is rounded as it extends around the rear center portion of rivet 34. Opposing ends of central portion 42 extend forward about the rivet toward transverse reference line T.sub.L. Ends of central portion 42 yield to corresponding inner ends of lateral portions 45a and 45b through transitions 43a and 43b, which preferably are approximately straight and angled from primary reference line P.sub.L by an angle B that is approximately 45 degrees. Lateral portions 45a and 45b extend generally laterally (that is, generally parallel to transverse reference line T.sub.L) and outwardly relative to rivet 34. Side portions 49a and 49b extend generally rearward from outer ends of lateral portions 45a and 45b through transitions 47a and 47b. Side portions 49a and 49b end at terminations 53a and 53b. The vent score terminations may be curved, curled, or angled relative to the side portions of the vent score, or they may simply be the ends of straight side walls, as shown in the figures.

[0051] Dimensional information of vent score 46 is provided with reference to the enlarged view of the tool 80 for forming the vent score in FIG. 13. Preferably, a portion of vent score 46 extends to (or approximately to) or forward of the transverse reference line T.sub.L to promote movement or hinging of the tab and rivet. For example, lateral portions 45a and 45b preferably extend forward of transverse line T.sub.L by a dimension D.sub.1. Preferably, D.sub.1 is positive and between 0 and 0.050 inches, and more preferably between 0.010 inches and 0.032 inches. In the embodiment shown in the figures, D.sub.1 is approximately 0.021 inches.

[0052] Side portions 49a and 49b are mutually spaced apart and extend rearwardly such that flap 57 creates sufficient area for venting. The vent hole is shown in FIG. 3 as reference numeral 48. In this regard, side portions 49a and 49b preferably extend rearwardly from transverse reference line T.sub.L by a distance D.sub.2 that preferably is between 0.15 and 0.4 inches, and more preferably is between 0.2 and 0.3 inches. In the embodiment shown in the figures, D.sub.2 is 0.238 inches. The ends of side portion terminations 53a and 53b are spaced apart by a distance of between 0.5 inches and 1.0 inches and preferably between 0.6 and 0.8 inches. In the embodiment shown, the distance between 53a and 53b is 0.742 inches.

[0053] Vent score sides may be curved or straight, and oriented at any angle A, measured relative to primary reference line P.sub.L. For example, A may be approximately zero (that is, the vent score sides may be approximately parallel to primary reference line P-L), between 10 degrees, between 20 degrees, or between 30 degrees. In the embodiment shown in the figures, angle A is 5 degrees. Central portion 42 and lateral portions 45a and 45b may be shapes other than as shown in the figures.

[0054] As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the user then continues to lift the tab 36, which causes the tab nose 40 to press on the center panel 30 close to the main score 50, as described above. Tab nose 40 severs main score 50 at land outer end 56x. The user then pulls up on the tab 36 to break the remainder of the main score 50. Preferably, the fracture propagates around aperture panel 54 at land outer end 56x such that the score residual of land 56 is attached to aperture panel 54. Lip 32 remains part of the can assembly 10 and ideally has the cross sectional structure of a fillet (that is, a cross-sectional structure wherein a significant portion of the score residual associated with land 56 does not remain attached).

[0055] Once the main score 50 has completely severed the resulting aperture panel 54 and it is discarded, a user can drink directly from opening 58.

[0056] FIG. 8, described above, shows the relative height and configuration of countersink 22 and the center panel 30, and the relative positions of the main score 50 and the anti fracture score 52. The present invention is not limited to the particular embodiment of the end shown in FIG. 8. For example, FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D illustrate additional embodiments of end structures 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d on which the present invention may be employed. To describe the embodiments shown in FIGS. 10A through 10D, reference numerals of the structure described above with respect to the first embodiment will be reused, but appended with a letter designation.

[0057] Each of ends 14a, 14, 14c, and 14d are seamed onto a can body 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d. FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D illustrate the cans having the aperture panel removed and ready for a user to drink from. The main scores, aperture panels, tabs, and all parts of the aperture panels for end embodiments 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d are as described above for first embodiment can end 14.

[0058] End 14a of FIG. 10A is a variation of the SuperEnd beverage can end described with respect to the first embodiment end 14. The location of the center C of the radius of transition wall 28a 50 is illustrated in FIG. 10A.

[0059] End 14b of FIG. 10B is cross sectional view of an end supplied commercially by Container Development Limited. End 14c of FIG. 10C is a cross sectional view of an end referred to as LOF supplied by Metal Container Corporation. Each of ends 14b and 14c have an inner wall portion 29b and 29c, respectively, at the base of transition 28b and 28c. The present invention encompasses locating main score 50b, 50c radially outside of transition radius center C-b and C-d such that the main score is located within portions 29b or 29c.

[0060] End 14d of FIG. 10D is a cross sectional schematic view of a conventional B64 end. The location of the center C of the radius of transition wall 28d is illustrated in FIG. 10D.

[0061] The present invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments, and it is understood that the present invention encompasses structure and function broader than the particular embodiments, even if labeled as preferred.