Device for forming metals

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for processing a workpiece, said device including the following features: a punch on one side of the workpiece, a die on the opposite side of the workpiece, and a conductive electric heating system for generating an electric current that flows through the workpiece starting from a component situated on one side of the workpiece outside of the punch to a component situated on the opposite side of the workpiece outside of the die.

Claims

1. A device for processing a workpiece, the device comprising: a punch on one side of the workpiece; a die on a side of the workpiece opposite the punch; a first component situated on one side of the workpiece outside of the punch, the first component, a sleeve, is made of an electrically well-conducting material surrounding the punch and operable to be placed on the workpiece, the sleeve serving as a blank holder and at the same time as an electrode; a second component situated within the die on an opposite side of the workpiece, the second component, a counterholder, is made of an electrically well-conducting material insertable into a bore of the die; and a conductive electric heating system operatively connected to said first component and said second component for generating an electric current which flows one of completely and predominantly through the workpiece, starting from the first component to the second component, thereby heating up the workpiece but not the punch.

2. A device for processing a workpiece, the device comprising: a punch on one side of the workpiece; a die on a side of the workpiece opposite the punch; a first component situated on one side of the workpiece outside of the punch, the first component, a sleeve, is made of an electrically well-conducting material surrounding the punch and operable to be placed on the workpiece, the sleeve serving as a blank holder and at the same time as an electrode; a second component situated within the die on an opposite side of the workpiece, the second component, a counterholder, is made of an electrically well-conducting material insertable into a bore of the die; and a conductive electric heating system operatively connected to said first component and said second component for generating an electric current which flows one of completely and predominantly through the workpiece, starting from the first component to the second component, wherein an inner face of the bore of the die is lined with at least one of an electrically insulating material and a heat insulating material.

3. A device for processing a workpiece, the device comprising: a punch on one side of the workpiece; a die on a side of the workpiece opposite the punch; a first component situated on one side of the workpiece outside of the punch, the first component, a sleeve, is made of an electrically well-conducting material surrounding the punch and operable to be placed on the workpiece, the sleeve serving as a blank holder and at the same time as an electrode; a second component situated within the die on an opposite side of the workpiece, the second component, a counterholder, is made of an electrically well-conducting material insertable into a bore of the die; and a conductive electric heating system operatively connected to said first component and said second component for generating an electric current which flows one of completely and predominantly through the workpiece, starting from the first component to the second component, wherein an inner face of the sleeve is lined with at least one of an electrically insulating material and a heat insulating material.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the device further includes a rotary drive that drives the punch around its longitudinal axis and includes a thread molder on said punch for forming a thread in an inner face of the workpiece.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention will be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention with a punch, a die and a workpiece, a sleeve surrounding the punch, and a counterholder in the die;

(3) FIG. 2 shows an alternate embodiment of the device of FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 3 shows another alternate embodiment of the device of FIG. 1; and

(5) FIG. 4 illustrates the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3 after forming the collar.

(6) Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplifications set out herein illustrates embodiments of the invention, and such exemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(7) Referring now to FIG. 1, the illustrated device includes a punch 1 as well as a die 2. Further included is a conductive electric heating system with a power supply 3. Punch 1 is surrounded by a sleeve-shaped blank holder 5. A sheet metal plate 4 made of high-strength steel is placed on the die 2.

(8) The punch 1 consists of a high-strength material. The punch 1 includes a tip 1.1. Said tip penetrates a bore 4.1 in the sheet metal plate 4. The bore may have been formed in the sheet metal plate 4 prior to the forming process. However, it is also possible for the sheet metal plate 4 to not have a bore, so that only the punch 1 forms the bore when impressing the sheet metal plate 4. The punch 1 may also be blunt. The shape of the front punch end may also be adapted to the requirements of the forming process. Punch 1 is surrounded by a blank holder 5.

(9) As illustrated, there is a current flow 3.1, starting from the electric power source 3 through the electrically well-conductive blank holder 5, further through a certain forming region of the sheet metal plate 4 and then to a counterholder 6 which consists of an electrically well-conducting material such as copper.

(10) In the illustration according to FIG. 1, the forming process is in an initial stage. Upon completion of the forming process, the bore 4.1 is widened in order to have the shape of the desired collarnot shown here. Then, the collar has an interior width that is equal to the diameter of the punch 1. This can be seen in FIG. 4.

(11) Blank holder 5 has three functions at once. On the one side, it serves as a blank holder, on the other side as a current conductor, and finally as a stripper.

(12) Punch 1 is completely free of current flow and is thus not actively heated. Thus it may be a tool steel of common quality, or hot-work steel. An air gap may be present between the punch 1 and the blank holder 5. However, this is not obligatory.

(13) There is no need for the blank holder 5 to have a great strength. It may be made of copper. In any case, it should consist of an electrically well-conducting material. The same applies to the counterholder 6.

(14) In this case, the material of the die 2 is insignificant. It may be any materialsteel or copper, preferably however a less heat-conducting material so that the heat generated by the current remains restricted to the actual forming region.

(15) The alternate embodiment of FIG. 2 again shows the punch 1, die 2, and sheet metal plate 4. Here, illustration and effect of an electric heating system are not discussed. Nevertheless, such a heating system is present. The significant component in FIG. 2 is an insulating coating 7. Said insulating coating 7 may be a sleeve or a coat.

(16) The forming process is performed as follows: first, the sheet metal plate 4 is placed on the die 2. The blank holder 5 moves down and rests on the sheet metal plate 4 so that a current flow is activated and the forming zone is heated. Then, the punch 1 moves farther down and the blank holder 5 springs inward. Just before the punch touches the sheet metal plate 4, the power is switched off and the counterholder 6 is controlled away. The collar is raised while being formed.

(17) The significant component in the alternate embodiment according to FIG. 3 is a thread molder 1.2 on the punch 1. Punch 1 is equipped with a schematically shown rotary drive. As it travels downward, punch 1 and thus the thread molder 1.2 are put in rotation. As a result, the developing collar (not shown) is formed with a thread through which a screw may be guided.

(18) As shown in FIG. 4, one may discern the collar 4.2 for the first timebeing formed integrally with the remaining sheet metal plate 4. As illustrated, a thread molder 1.2 may again be discerned as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, and an insulating coating 7 as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2.

(19) If the forming capability of an existing collar for forming the thread is not sufficient, said collar may also actively be heated. For all embodiments described, either direct current (DC) or a low-frequency alternating current (AC) may be used for heating.

(20) In all illustrations, individual elements of the device may be replaced by one another, e.g. the punch 1 and the die 2. The working direction of the punch is not limited to the vertical.

(21) The basic idea underlying the invention is that exclusively or predominantly the workpiece is heated. In contrast, the tool is not heated, or heated only to a minor extent, so that its strength is reduced only insignificantly.

(22) While this invention has been described with respect to at least one embodiment, the present invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.

REFERENCE NUMERAL LIST

(23) 1. punch 1.1 punch tip 1.2 thread molder 2. die 2.1 die bore 3 power source 3.1 current flow 4 sheet metal plate 4.1 bore 4.2 collar 5 blank holder 6 counterholder 7 insulating coating