COMPOSITION OF 5-NITROBENZOATE DERIVATIVES AS ANTI-METASTATIC AGENT THAT INHIBITS TUMOR CELL-INDUCED PLATELET AGGREGATION

Abstract

Disclosed are 5-nitrobenzoate derivatives of Formula I,

##STR00001##

and the preparation method therefor, wherein R is referred to hydrogen (H), unsubstituted, mono-substituted, di-substituted or tri-substituted benzoyl moiety. 5-Nitrobenzoare derivatives of Formula I do not affect the platelet aggregation, possesses the inhibitory activity related to the tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA), and further specifically inhibits podoplanin-induced platelet aggregation. Therefore, 5-nitrobenzoates of the invention are applicable in its therapeutic use as the novel therapeutic agent in preventing tumor metastasis.

Claims

1. A method of inhibiting tumor cells-induced platelet aggregation and/or metastasis of the tumor comprising administrating to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a 5-nitrobenzoate derivative of formula (I), ##STR00017## wherein, R is a benzoyl optionally having a substituent selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo and methyl.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is a mammal.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the subject is a human.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above objectives and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art after reviewing the following detailed descriptions and accompanying drawings.

[0023] FIGS. 1(a), 1(b), 1(c), 1(d) and 1(e) respectively depict the effect of compound 4 or the control compound 5 on (a) ADP-, (b) collagen-, (c) U46619-, (d) thrombin- and (e) A23187-induced wash platelet aggregation tests.

[0024] FIG. 2(a) depicts the effect of compound 4 and control compounds 5, 6 and 7 on ADP-induced platelet-rich plasma aggregation test, wherein group 1 is ADP (10 M, control), group 2 is compound 4 (20 M) pre-treatment+ADP (10 M), group 3 is compound 5 (20 M) pre-treatment+ADP (10 M), group 4 is compound 6 (20 M) pre-treatment+ADP (10 M), and group 5 is compound 7 (20 M) pre-treatment+ADP (10 M).

[0025] FIG. 2(b) depicts the effect of compound 4 and control compounds 5, 6 and 7 on collagen-induced platelet-rich plasma aggregation test, wherein group 1 is collagen (4 g/ml, control), group 2 is compound 4 (20 M) pre-treatment+collagen (4 g/ml), group 3 is compound 5 (20 M) pre-treatment+collagen (4 g/ml), group 4 is compound 6 (20 M) pre-treatment+collagen (4 g/ml), and group 5 is compound 7 (20 M) pre-treatment+collagen (4 g/ml).

[0026] FIG. 3(a) depicts the immunoblotting pattern showing the level of podoplanin of C6 tumor cell lines (including C6-LG, C6-Blood and C6-Lung).

[0027] FIG. 3(b) depicts the effect of compound 4 (20 M) on C6-Lung tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation.

[0028] FIG. 4 depicts the activation analysis of compound 4 (20 M) on recombinant fusion protein (i.e. recombinant podoplanin/Fc)-induced platelet aggregation test.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] The present invention will now be described more specifically with reference to the following Embodiments. It is to be noted that the following descriptions of preferred Embodiments of this invention are presented herein for purpose of illustration and description only; it is not intended to be exhaustive or to be limited to the precise form disclosed.

Embodiment 1: Preparation of N-(2-benzamidoethyl)-2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzamide

[0030] The preparation procedure of N-(2-benzamidoethyl)-2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzamide is represented by the following formula II.

##STR00011##

[0031] 1-Chloro-4-nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (2.0 mL, 13.3 mmole) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 12 mL), NaOH (1.6 g) was batchwise added at a temperature lower than 25 C., and the reaction solution was reacted at room temperature (RT) for 8 hours. After the reaction was terminated, the pH of the reaction solution was adjusted to 1.0 using concentrated HCl, and then the reaction solution was poured into the separatory funnel and extracted with CH.sub.2Cl.sub.2 for five times (each for 20 ml). The obtained CH.sub.2Cl.sub.2 solution was hydrated over MgSO.sub.4 and concentrated under vacuum. The obtained concentrate was subjected to the purification of silica gel column (50 g) and eluted with the system of CHCl.sub.3/n-hexane (2:1) to afford compound 1 (1.85 g), yield of about 67%.

[0032] Compound 1: .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): 8.48 (1H, d, J=2.4 Hz), 8.32 (1H, dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz), 7.14 (1H, d, J=8.8 Hz).

[0033] Compound 1 was nominated as 4-nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenol.

[0034] Next, compound 1 (500 mg, 2.4 mmole) and tert-butyl 2-aminoethylcarbamate (769 mg, 4.8 mmole) were transferred in a reaction bottle, 1 M aqueous NaOH solution (7.2 mmole) and dioxane (10 mL) were added, and then the mixture solution were heated to 100 C. and reacted for 24 hours. After the reaction was terminated, the pH of the reaction solution was adjusted to 1.0 using 1 N HCl solution, and then the reaction solution was poured into the separatory funnel and extracted with CH.sub.2Cl.sub.2 for five times (each for 20 ml). The obtained CH.sub.2Cl.sub.2 solution was hydrated over MgSO.sub.4 and concentrated under vacuum. The obtained concentrate was subjected to the purification of silica gel column (50 g) and eluted with the system of CHCl.sub.3/n-hexane (19:1) to afford compound 2 (600.0 mg), yield of about 77%.

[0035] Compound 2: .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, Acetone-d6): 8.96 (1H, s), 8.74 (1H, d, J=2.4 Hz), 8.30 (1H, dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz), 7.10 (1H, d, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz), 6.32 (1H, s), 3.58 (2H, m), 3.39 (2H, m).

[0036] Compound 2 was nominated as tert-butyl 2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzamido) ethylcarbamate.

[0037] Next, compound 2 (600 mg) was installed in the reaction bottle, the CH.sub.2Cl.sub.2 solution containing 20% TFA was added, and the reaction solution was reacted at RT for 2 hours to form the reaction mixture. After the reaction was terminated, the reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The obtained concentrate was subjected to the purification on silica gel column (45 g) and eluted using the system of CHCl.sub.3/n-hexane (4:1) to afford compound 3 (390 mg), yield of about 95%.

[0038] Compound 3: .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CD.sub.3OD): 8.79 (1H, d, J=1.6 Hz), 8.21 (1H, dd, J=9.2, 1.6 Hz), 7.01 (1H, d, J=9.2 Hz), 3.72 (2H, m), 3.21 (2H, m).

[0039] Compound 3 was nominated as N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzamide.

[0040] Subsequently, compound 3 (390 mg) was dissolved in 2 N NaOH solution (10 ml) and reacted with benzoyl chloride at RT for 16 hours, and then the mixture concentrated under vacuum after the reaction was terminated. The residue was subjected to the purification on silica gel column (50 g) and eluted using the system of CHCl.sub.3/n-hexane (30:1) to afford compound 4 (325 mg), yield of about 57%.

[0041] Compound 4: .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, C.sub.5D.sub.5N): 12.65 (1H, s), 10.14 (1H, s), 9.48 (1H, s), 9.09 (1H, s), 8.11 (3H, m), 7.40 (3H, m), 7.05 (1H, J=8.8 Hz), 3.95 (4H, m). ESI-MS m/z 330 (100) [M+H].sup.+, 352 (32) [M+Na].sup.+. HRESI-MS m/z 352.0911 (calc: 352.0909; C.sub.16H.sub.15N.sub.3O.sub.5Na).

[0042] Compound 4 was nominated as N-(2-benzamidoethyl)-2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzamide.

Embodiment 2: Preparation of Other 5-nitrobenzoate Derivatives

[0043] For affording other 5-nitrobenzoate derivatives, compound 3 may be reacted with benzoyl chlorides bound with a various of substituted groups, such as mono-substituted benzoyl chloride, di-substituted benzoyl chloride or tri-substituted benzoyl chloride

##STR00012##

respectively), and each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 may be fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide or methyl group, and R.sub.1 to R.sub.6 may be bound to the para-, meta- or ortho-position of the benzoyl moiety. That is, the benzoyl moiety of the prepared compound 4 may be substituted as mono-substituted benzoyl moiety, di-substituted benzoyl moiety or tri-substituted benzoyl moeity

##STR00013##

respectively).

Embodiment 3: Preparation of 4-O-benzoyl-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene (Compound 5)

[0044] trans-4-Hydroxyl 3-methoxyl--nitrostyrene and benzoyl chloride, were dissolved in a mixture solution of pyridine (1 ml) and CH.sub.2Cl.sub.2 (10 ml), and reacted at RT for 24 hours. After the removal of solvent, the obtained concentrate was subjected to the purification of silica gel column (90 g) and eluted with the system of n-hexane/acetone (3:1) to afford 4-O-benzoyl-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene (compound 5; as represented by formula III).

##STR00014##

[0045] Compound 5: .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): 8.25 (1H, s), 8.24 (1H, s), 8.02 (1H, d, J=13.6 Hz), 7.68(1H, d, J=7.6 Hz), 7.61(1H, d, J=13.6 Hz), 7.56(1H, d, J=7.6 Hz), 7.55(1H, d, J=7.6 Hz), 7.28(1H, d, J=8.2 Hz), 7.24(1H, d, J=8.2 Hz), 7.17 (1H, d , J=1.2 Hz), 3.88 (3H, s). ESI-MS m/z 322 (100) [M+Na].sup.+.

[0046] Compound 5 was nominated as 4-O-benzoyl-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene).

Embodiment 4: Preparation of 4-O-nicotinoyl-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene (Compound 6)

[0047] trans-4-Hydroxyl 3-methoxyl--nitrostyrene and nicotinoyl chloride hydrochloride, were dissolved in a mixture solution of pyridine (1 ml) and CH.sub.2Cl.sub.2 (10 ml), and reacted at RT for 16 hours. After the removal of solvent, the residue was subjected to the purification of silica gel column (60 g) and eluted with the system of n-hexane/CHCl.sub.3 (1:3) to afford 4-O-nicotinoyl-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene (compound 6; as represented by formula IV).

##STR00015##

[0048] Compound 6: .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): 9.40 (1H, br.s), 8.87 (1H, d, J=4.8 Hz), 8.45 (1H, d, J=8.4 Hz), 8.00 (1H, d, J=13.6 Hz), 7.59 (1H, d, J=8.0, 2.0 Hz), 7.49 (1H, dd, J=4.8, 8.0 Hz), 7.24 (2H, m), 7.15(1H, s), 3.88 (3H, s).

[0049] Compound 6 was nominated as 4-O-nicotinoyl-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene.

Embodiment 5: Preparation of 4-O-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene (Compound 7)

[0050] trans-4-Hydroxyl 3-methoxyl--nitrostyrene and 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, were dissolved in a mixture solution of pyridine (1 ml) and CH.sub.2Cl.sub.2 (10 ml), and reacted at RT for 24 hours. After the removal of solvent, the residue was subjected to the purification of (a) silica gel column (100 g) and eluted with the system of n-hexane/CHCl.sub.3 (1:2) and (b) silica gel column (60 g) and eluted with the system of n-hexane/acetone (4:1) twice to afford 4-O-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene (compound 7; as represented by formula V).

##STR00016##

[0051] Compound 7: .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): 8.07 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz), 7.98 (1H, d, J=13.6 Hz), 7.57 (1H, d, J=13.6 Hz), 7.55 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz), 7.39 (1H, dd, J=8.0, 2.0 Hz), 7.25 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz), 7.20 (1H, dd, J=8.0, 1.2 Hz), 7.14 (1H, d, J=1.2 Hz), 3.88 (3H, s).

[0052] Compound 7 was nominated as 4-O-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-3-methoxy--nitrostyrene.

[0053] Experiment 1: Preparation of Human Platelets

[0054] The venous blood was collected from 18 to 35 year-old healthy volunteer donors (who didn't take any anti-platelet medicine or other anti-inflammation medicine within two weeks before blood draw), sufficiently mixed with anticoagulant (venous blood: anticoagulant=9:1), and then centrifuged at 200 g at RT for 15 minutes. The upper layered platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was collected, and centrifuged at 1000 g for 10 minutes after mixing with anticoagulant (the final concentration: 0.5 M prostacyclin and 10 U/ml heparin). The supernatant was removed, and the platelet pellets were resuspended in Tyrode's solution and further centrifuged at 1000 g for 10 minutes. Finally, the wash platelets without plasma proteins were resuspended in the Tyrode's solution containing calcium and magnesium ions (this sample is wash platelets). The number of platelets were calculated using the coulter counter before use, and the density of platelets was adjusted to 310.sup.8 cells/ml and stored at RT for use.

[0055] Experiment 2: Human Platelet Aggregation Test

[0056] Experiment 2 was performed to determine the variations of light transmission upon the aggregation of platelets (the platelet-rich plasma sample and the wash platelet sample) by using platelet aggregometer (Model 570VS, Chrono-log Corp., U.S.). Firstly, the platelets (310.sup.8 cells/ml) prepared in Experiment 1 was pre-heated with stir at 900 rpm at 37 C. for 1 minute, and the prepared 5-nitrobenzoate derivative (compound 4 or other control compounds 5, 6 and 7) was added to react for 3 minutes. The separate platelet activation stimulator (includes but not limit to ADP, collagen, U46619, thrombin and A23187) was added to observe the effect of 5-nitrobenzoate derivative on the platelet aggregation activation.

[0057] Please refer to FIGS. 1(a), 1(b), 1(c), 1(d) and 1(e), which respectively depict the effect of compound 4 or control compound 5 on (a) ADP-, (b) collagen-, (c) U46619-, (d) thrombinand (e) A23187-induced wash platelet aggregation test. Compound 4 did not inhibit or interfere ADP-, collagen-, U46619-, thrombin- or A23187-induced platelet aggregation along with the increased dosage of compound 4.

[0058] Please refer to FIG. 2(a), which depicts the effect of compound 4 and control compounds 5 to 7 on the ADP-induced platelet-rich plasma aggregation test. The measured light transmission of platelet aggregation was enhanced depending on the increased reaction time (after 300 seconds) of compound 4 (group 2), indicating that compound 4 did not inhibit or interfere ADP-induced platelet-rich plasma aggregation. Please refer to FIG. 2(b), similarly, the measure light transmission of platelet-rich plasma aggregation test was enhanced depending on the increased reaction time (after 300 seconds) of compound 4 (group 2), indicating that compound 4 did not inhibit or interfere collagen-induced platelet aggregation.

[0059] Experiment 3: Tumor Cell-Induced Platelet Aggregation (TCIPA)

[0060] The purified platelets (110.sup.9 cells/ml) was preheated with stir at 900 rpm at 37 C. for 1 minute, and 5-nitrobenzoate derivative of the invention was added. After a 3-minute reaction, C6 tumor cells C6-Lung and C6-LG (110.sup.6 cells/ml, respectively) with different levels of podoplanin was added to react with platelets for 15 minutes, and the variations of light transmission upon the platelet aggregation were measured by using platelet aggregometer, to analyze the TCIPA effect.

[0061] Please refer to the immunoblotting pattern in FIG. 3(a), which depicts that C6-Lung tumor cells had the higher expression level of podoplanin relative to C6-LG or C6-Blood cells. -Actin is the control for immunoblotting test.

[0062] Please refer to FIG. 3(b), which depicts that compound 4 (20 M) can effectively inhibit C6-Lung tumor cell (with high expression level of podoplanin)-induced platelet aggregation along with the increased reaction time.

[0063] Experiment 4: Platelet Aggregation Induced by the Recombinant Podoplanin/Fc Fusion Protein

[0064] The purified wash platelets (110.sup.9 cells/ml) were preheated with stir at 1000 rpm at 37 C. for 1 minute, and 5-nitrobenzoate derivative of formula I of the invention was added. After a 3-minute reaction, the genetically engineering recombinant podoplanin/Fc fusion protein (abbreviated hereinafter PDPN/Fc, 2 g, Sino Biological Inc., Beijing, People's Republic of China) was added to react with platelets for 15 minutes, and the variations of light transmission upon the platelet aggregation were measured by using platelet aggregometer, to analyze the effect of 5-nitrobenzoate derivative on the recombinant PDPN/Fc-induced platelet aggregation.

[0065] Please refer to FIG. 4, which depicts that compound 4 can effectively inhibit the PDPN/Fc-induced platelet aggregation along with the increased reaction time. The recombinant Fc is the genetically engineering antibody Fc fragment and acts as the control.

[0066] In concluding the above experimental results, 5-nitrobenzoate derivatives or compounds of Formula I with mono-substituted benzoyl chloride, di-substituted benzoyl chloride or tri-substituted benzoyl chloride, of the invention do not influence platelet aggregation, can efficiently inhibit tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) and the TCIPA pathway, can specifically inhibit podoplanin-induced platelet aggregation and its pathway, in particular inhibit the recombinant podoplanin/fc fusion protein-induced platelet aggregation

[0067] Since podoplanin of tumor cells would be combined with CLEC-2 of platelets and 5-nitrobenzoate derivatives of the invention would inhibit TCIPA induced by podoplanin-expressing tumor cells, 5-nitrobenzoate derivatives of the invention can be used to block the interaction between CLEC-2 and podoplanin and can be applied as the targeted therapy medicine for inhibiting metastasis of tumor cells.

[0068] While the invention has been described in terms of what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred Embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention needs not be limited to the disclosed Embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, which are to be accorded with the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar structures.