Offshore S-lay pipelaying vessel

Abstract

An offshore S-lay pipelaying vessel for laying a pipeline on the seabed, the vessel includes a hull and an elongated stinger having a hull end and a free end, the stinger being adapted to support the pipeline to be laid from the vessel. The stinger includes a stinger frame, possibly composed of one or more rigid stinger frame sections, possibly articulated sections. And, distributed over the length of the stinger, multiple pipeline support assemblies are mounted to the stinger frame that provide support for the pipeline.

Claims

1. An offshore S-lay pipelaying vessel for laying a pipeline on the seabed comprising: a hull; an elongated stinger having a rigid stinger frame structure with a hull end extending a horizontal distance from the hull of the vessel and a free end, said stinger being adapted to support the pipeline to be laid from the vessel; and a detachable stinger mounting unit comprising: a frame which is detachably mounted to the hull of the vessel; and a stinger suspension device connected to the stinger and the frame allowing the stinger to be pivoted to the frame of the stinger mounting unit forming a compact ensemble of stinger and stinger mounting unit for transport purposes, and pivoted into the water to support the pipeline to be laid from the vessel, wherein the hull end of the stinger is pivotally attached to the frame of the detachable stinger mounting unit, wherein the combination of the stinger and the detachable stinger mounting unit, including the stinger suspension device is configured to be mounted to the hull of the vessel via the frame of the detachable stinger mounting unit, and wherein said compact ensemble of the stinger and the detachable stinger mounting unit, in which the stinger is pivoted to the frame of the stinger mounting unit, is configured to be detached from the hull of the vessel without requiring the stinger suspension device to be disconnected from the stinger or the frame of the detachable stinger mounting unit.

2. The vessel according to claim 1, wherein the stinger is composed of at least two articulated stinger frame sections, a hull end section and a distal section which are connected to each other via at least one connection assembly.

3. The vessel according to claim 1, wherein the stinger suspension device comprises a stinger suspension winch, cable and sheaves, wherein at least a sheave is mounted to the stinger remote from the hull end of the stinger.

4. A method for S-lay pipelaying of an offshore pipeline, including the installation and removal of a stinger, with the vessel according to claim 1.

5. The vessel according to claim 1, furthermore comprising a sea fastening rod to fixate the stinger to the stinger mounting unit.

6. The vessel according to claim 1, furthermore comprising a heavy lift crane.

7. The vessel according to claim 1, wherein the detachable stinger mounting unit is detachably mounted to the stern of the vessel.

8. A method for S-lay pipelaying of an offshore pipeline, including the installation and removal of a stinger, wherein use is made of a vessel according to claim 1.

Description

(1) The aspects of the invention will now be explained with reference to the appended drawings. In the drawings:

(2) FIG. 1 shows schematically in cross-section a portion of a hull of a vessel with a stinger including pipeline support assemblies according to the first aspect of the invention;

(3) FIGS. 2a-c show schematically in cross-section an example of a stinger and pipeline support assembly according to the first aspect of the invention,

(4) FIGS. 3a-3b schematically illustrate the launching of a pipeline with an intermediate accessory in said pipeline according to the first aspect of the invention;

(5) FIGS. 4a-4c schematically illustrate an alternative launching of a pipeline with an intermediate accessory in said pipeline according to the first aspect of the invention;

(6) FIGS. 5a-5d schematically illustrate the launching of a pipeline with an intermediate accessory in said pipeline according to the second aspect of the invention;

(7) FIGS. 6a-6b schematically illustrate an alternative launching of a pipeline with an intermediate accessory in said pipeline according to the second aspect of the invention;

(8) FIG. 7 schematically illustrates in cross-section a portion of a hull of a vessel with a stinger including a stinger mounting unit, connection elements and a stinger suspension cable tensioning system according to various aspects of the invention;

(9) FIG. 8 shows a preferred embodiment of the stinger suspension cable tensioning system in more detail;

(10) FIGS. 9a, b shows an alternative embodiment of the connection assembly in more detail.

(11) The stinger 1 is an S-lay stinger for use with an offshore S-lay pipelaying vessel for laying a pipeline on the seabed. Such a vessel comprises a hull 2, the elongated stinger having a hull end 1a and a free end 1b, said hull end 1a here being attached to the hull 2 of the vessel, commonly pivotally, said stinger being adapted to support a pipeline 10 to be laid from the vessel.

(12) The stinger comprises a stinger frame 3, which is in this embodiment composed of three pivotally interconnected rigid stinger frame sections 3, 3 and 3, which are possibly articulated sections.

(13) Distributed over the length of the stingermultiple pipeline support assemblies 5 are mounted that provide support for the pipeline.

(14) In the shown situation, the pipeline is held by tensioners 50, provided on the hull of the vessel. Also, a clamp 20 is provided to alternatively support the weight of the suspended pipeline.

(15) A gantry construction 21 is provided on the hull, which in the shown embodiment supports the hull end stinger frame section 3.

(16) In FIGS. 2a-c a preferred embodiment of the stinger 1 and pipeline support assembly 5 are shown in more detail. In FIG. 2a the pipeline support assembly 5 supports an accessory 19 in an accessory support position, in FIG. 2b the pipeline support assembly supports a pipeline 10 in a lowered pipeline support position, and in FIG. 2c the pipeline support assembly 5 supports a pipeline 10 in an elevated pipeline support position.

(17) In this example two pivotal arms 6 each support one or more rollers 7, the rollers 7 being arranged in a V-shape when supporting a pipeline 10 as visible in FIGS. 2B and 2C.

(18) The arms 6 are pivotally mounted on a vertically movable base member 8 mounted on top of the rigid stinger structure 3. In the shown embodiment vertical guides 12 are provided between which the base 8 vertically translated. Alternatively, not shown, a hydraulic actuator is provided to effect vertical motion. In this situation, the vertical guides 12 may be dispensed with.

(19) For each arm 6 a corresponding actuator 11 is provided, allowing to pivot the arm with respect to the base member 8, e.g. by hydraulics. This allows to bring these rollers 7 from the V-shaped pipeline supporting position as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C into an accessory support position as shown in FIG. 2A, here by tilting downwards, e.g. to a position wherein the rollers contact the bottom side, e.g. guide rails on the bottom side, of the accessory.

(20) As is preferred the actuators are remotely operable from the vessel, preferably a control system being provided controlling the operation of all position actuators.

(21) The mobility of the arms 6 and base member 8 in this example allows to move the pipeline support rollers 7 away from the pipeline 10 supported by the stinger to allow for the passage of an accessory mounted on said pipeline having a cross-section greater than said pipeline diameter and after said accessory has passed the pipeline support assembly moving said assembly back to the position wherein it supports the pipeline.

(22) It is noted that in FIG. 2A the size of the accessory 19 is so small that it fits between guides 12, and that it is being supported while the base 8 is at the lowest position. In FIG. 2C the pipeline is supported with the base 8 in the elevated position. It is conceivable that when larger accessories are to be handled, the arms 6 are in the accessory support position as indicated in FIG. 2A, while the base is in the elevated position as in FIG. 2C. As such, the accessory is allowed to extend over the guides 12. Hence, the pipeline support assembly is in the accessory support position when the rollers are in the horizontal position, and the base can be either in the elevated or the lowered position. The pipeline support assembly can be in the pipeline support position also with the base 8 at a lowered or elevated position.

(23) Preferably the vessel has a control system adapted to perform this operation in automated manner, e.g. based on input representative of the actual position of the accessory along the stinger.

(24) This procedure is schematically depicted in the sequence of FIGS. 3a-3b.

(25) In FIGS. 1 and 3a all pipeline support assemblies 5 are in the pipeline supporting position.

(26) In FIG. 3a it is depicted that the pipeline is held by a clamp 20, at, near or upstream of the hull side end of the stinger 1; the pipeline has been severed, and an accessory 30 is fitted to the pipeline end held by the clamp. It is now visible that in the shown embodiment the hull end 1a of the stinger is pivotally attached to the stern of the vessel via pivot axis 25.

(27) As can be seen in FIG. 3b the pipeline held by tensioners 50 is fitted to the other end of the accessory 30 and the clamp 20 is released from the pipeline as the weight of the suspended pipeline is now absorbed by the tensioners 50. It is clear that in this embodiment the accessory 30 is an intermediate accessory, connected with both ends to a pipeline.

(28) In FIG. 3b the accessory 30 moves onto and over the stinger 1 as explained with respect to FIGS. 2a-2c. Upon arrival of the accessory 30 at a pipeline support assembly 5, said assembly 5 is operated, here such that the rollers 7 are brought down to a position wherein the form a planar support surface for the accessory, vertically spaced from the pipeline, the vertical spacing possibly also being set by vertical motion of base member 8.

(29) After the accessory 30 has passed an assembly 5, the rollers 7 are brought back into pipeline engaging position. This results in a somewhat peristaltic effect of the assemblies 5 on the stinger 1 as the accessory passes over the stinger when the pipeline is lowered under control of the tensioners 50, until the accessory is into the sea.

(30) As is preferred the pipeline support assemblies 5 can be brought into an accessory position wherein axis are aligned, or at least in a same plane, said plane being at a distance below the pipeline, e.g. of at least 1 meter below the centerline of the pipeline, possibly between 1,5 and 3 meters.

(31) As shown here in combination with tiltability of the rollers from said V-shape arrangement, the rollers are movable translatory in vertical direction, so at right angles to the pipeline to increase the distance from the pipeline for assuming a position wherein the accessory can pass, preferably said position being such that the accessory is supported by said rollers.

(32) FIG. 4a schematically illustrates an S-lay pipelaying vessel 100 with stinger 110.

(33) In more detail use is made here of a stinger 110 having rails 111 contacting rollers or glide shoes of an accessory support frame 120, supporting accessory 80, here as preferred a first end accessory of the pipeline 101 to be laid.

(34) The rails 111 are arranged at a fixed, non-adjustable position on the stinger 110 (e.g. formed by longitudinal girder of the stinger structure), even when the result is that the trailing part of the pipeline is not supported in optimal fashion by the pipeline support assemblies of the stinger as the fixed position rails may cause the pipeline to follow a trajectory our of reach of the pipeline support assemblies.

(35) The FIGS. 4b and 4c depict the passage of the frame 120 and accessory 80 over the stinger. It is envisaged that the frame 120 is disconnected from the accessory upon or after reaching the end of the stinger, the frame 120 then being retrieved, e.g. via a cable.

(36) FIG. 5a illustrates schematically an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention. The S-lay vessel 200 with pivotal stinger 210 (via pivot attachment 212) has tensioners 50, clamp 20, and tiltable accessory support device 240. An A&R system is provided (not shown), and an additional A&R sheave 250 for A&R cable 251 is mounted at an elevated position above and in the vicinity of the hull end of the stinger.

(37) When fitting a second end accessory 270 to the pipeline 205, the method to pass the accessory over the stinger involves tilting the stinger in direction P to a downward directed orientation, see FIG. 5b.

(38) In order to maintain the accessory 270 aligned with the pipeline 205, the accessory support device 240 also is tilted. During the tilting of the stinger, the clamp 20, which is also tilted, holds the pipeline. Thereafter the A&R cable 251 is fastened to the accessory 270 and the weight taken over by the A&R cable and A&R winch so that the clamp 20 is released.

(39) The clamp 20 is mounted on the stinger in this example. It is foreseen that the clamp 20 is mounted to be displaceable under load to bring the pipeline and accessory away from the stinger, e.g. on support structure 290. However, this is not a prerequisite when the A&R sheave is mounted moveable along a gantry.

(40) A suitable arrangement of the sheave 250, possibly mobile in direction R as shown in FIG. 5c, displacement under load to a further outward position with respect to the vessel is allowed, which causes the pipeline and accessory to be moved away from the stinger. After subsequent retraction of the clamp 20, the pipeline can be lowered as is visible in FIG. 5d.

(41) FIG. 6a depicts a further embodiment wherein the additional A&R sheave 250 is fitted in the device 240.

(42) In FIG. 6b the additional A&R sheave 250 is shown to be brought, with the device 240, into overboarding position.

(43) In FIG. 7 a portion of an offshore S-lay pipelaying vessel 300 for laying a pipeline (not shown) on the seabed is shown. The vessel 300 comprises a hull 301, of which only the stern portion is shown.

(44) The vessel 300 further comprises an elongated stinger 310, of which only a portion is shown. The stinger comprises a hull section 311, comprising the hull end 310a of the stinger, which is connected to the hull. The stinger further comprises a distal section 312, comprising a free end (not shown) of the stinger. Multiple pipeline support assemblies 315 are mounted to the stinger frame, which provide support for the pipeline.

(45) The hull section and distal section are connected to each other via at least one connection assembly 340, which is suitable to fixate the stinger frame sections 311 and 312 in at least two different orientations. The hull section 311 and distal section 312 are also connected to each other via pivot axis 380.

(46) In FIG. 7 one connection assembly 340 is visible, as this is a side view. In a perspective view one would notice that in this embodiment two parallel connection assemblies are provided.

(47) The shown connection assembly 340 comprises two overlapping connection elements 345, 346, which are each provided with six holes 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356 and 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366. Each of the holes is adapted to removably receive a pin. The connection assembly 340 comprises four such pins 371, 372, 373, 374. The pattern of the holes of the connection elements 345, 346 is such that: two pins 371, 372 through two primary holes 351, 361 pivotably connect the connection elements 345, 346 to stinger holes 381, 382 in the stinger frame sections 311 and 312 respectively; a pin 373 through two secondary holes 355, 365 pivotably connect the connection elements 345, 346 to each other; a pin 374 through two tertiary 356, 366 holes fixates the connection elements 345, 346 to each other in a first orientation; alternatively, when pin 373 is inserted through two quaternary holes 354 and 364 the connection elements 345, 346 are fixed to each other in a second orientation; alternatively, when pin 373 is inserted through two quinary holes 352 and 362 the connection elements 345, 346 are fixed to each other in a third orientation; alternatively, when pin 373 is inserted through two senary holes 353 and 363 the connection elements 345, 346 are fixed to each other in a fourth orientation.

(48) It is noted that the stinger frame sections 311 and 312 comprise auxiliary elements 385, 386 in which the stinger holes 381, 382 are provided.

(49) To adapt the stinger radius, the upper connection pin 373 is removed, and the distal segment is being held and lifted/lowered by a crane. The connection elements 345, 346 will pivot as a result of their own weight, or alternatively the pivoting is guided, to a position in which the next set of holes comes in line with each other, to receive the connection pin 373. The connection elements remain pivotably connected to each other at all times via pin a pin 374 through two secondary holes 366, 356.

(50) Stinger sheaves 400 are mounted to the stinger 310, remote from the hull end 310a of the stinger. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the stinger sheaves 400 are mounted to the auxiliary element 385 of the hull section 311, to which also the connection element 346 is mounted.

(51) According to an aspect of the invention the invention, a detachable stinger mounting unit 410 is provided, comprising a stinger suspension winch 420 and sheaves 430. The hull end of the stinger 310a, in this example the hull end 310a of the hull section 311, is pivotably attached via pivot axis 440 to the detachable stinger mounting unit 410.

(52) The detachable stinger mounting unit 410 is detachably mounted to the hull 301 of the vessel, here the stern of the vessel, via mountings 411, 412. Stinger suspension cables 450 are reeved between the winches 420, sheaves 430 of the stinger mounting unit and the stinger sheaves 400.

(53) The detachability allows installation and de-installation of the stinger, without requiring the tackle system to be disconnected. This is in particular advantageous when the vessel is also provided with a heavy lift crane, in particular a heavy lift mast crane.

(54) In the situation shown in FIG. 7, the stinger suspension cable 450 is hauled such that the stinger hull section 311 is pivoted close to the stinger mounting unit 410, ready for transport. To fixate the stinger to the stinger mounting unit in a more rigid way than via the stinger suspension cable 450 alone, a sea fastening rod 452 is provided.

(55) According to an aspect of the invention, the stinger mounting unit 410 is provided with a stinger suspension cable tensioning system 460, preferably comprising a resilient suspension system for the cable sheaves 430 of the stinger mounting unit 410.

(56) In FIG. 8 a preferred resilient suspension system 460 is shown in more detail. The resilient suspension system 460 comprises a pivotable connection member 461 which is pivotably attached to the stinger mounting unit 410 via pivot axis 462. The connection member 461 is shown in two positions in FIG. 8. The resilient suspension system 460 further comprises a spring 470. One end 471 of the spring is pivotably connected to the stinger mounting unit 410 via pivot axis 463, the other end 472 of the spring is pivotably attached to the connection member 461 via pivot axis 464, in FIG. 8 shown in two positions. The cable sheaves 430 of the stinger mounting unit 410 are pivotably connected to the connection member 461 via pivot axis 465, here also shown in two positions.

(57) In FIGS. 9a, b an alternative connection assembly 700 is shown in three different positions. The connection assembly 700 is suitable to fixate stinger frame sections in at least two different orientations.

(58) Only a portion of the stinger frame sections is visible: a distal section 710 and a hull section 720. The distal section 710 comprises two holes 711, 712. The hull section 720 comprises a hole 721, an auxiliary element 722, and a second auxiliary element 723 which is provided with a hole 724.

(59) The connection assembly 700 comprises two overlapping connection elements 730, 740, which are each provided with four holes 731, 732, 733, 734 and 741, 742, 743, 744. Each of the holes is adapted to removably receive a pin. The connection assembly 340 comprises four such pins 751, 752, 753, 754.

(60) The distal section and the hull section are pivotably connected to each other via holes 711, 721 and a pin 725.

(61) The pattern of the holes of the connection elements 730, 740 is such that: two pins 751, 752 through two primary holes 731, 741 pivotably connect the connection elements 730, 740 to stinger holes 712, 724 in the stinger frame sections and respectively; a pin 753 through two secondary holes 732, 742 pivotably connect the connection elements 730, 740 to each other; a pin 754 through two tertiary holes 733, 743 fixates the connection elements 730, 740 to each other in a first orientation, as is visible in FIG. 9a.

(62) In FIG. 9b, pin 754 is inserted through two quaternary holes 734, 744, fixing the connection elements 730, 740 in a second orientation to each other.