Door device with pressure difference mitigating mechanism

Abstract

A door is formed into a folding door by dividing the door into two parts to left and right, that is, a hanging door and a door-end door pivotally supported by the hanging door, and the door-end door is used as the pressure difference mitigating mechanism, and the two doors are integrally operated in a normal time, while if a pressure difference is generated, the door-end door can be first opened in order to reduce an opening force, and the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism with excellent operability is provided. A handle position, a latch position, and a torque are adjusted for a handle for door opening/closing, a door closer, a hinge closer for rotating the door-end door with respect to the hanging door, a latch A of the door-end door to a door frame, and a latch B of the door-end door to the hanging door.

Claims

1. A door device with pressure difference mitigating mechanism, comprising: a door divided into a hanging door portion and a door-end door portion pivotally supported by the hanging door portion; a handle for opening and closing the door; a door closer; a hinge closer for supporting and rotating the door-end door portion with respect to the hanging door portion and having a pressure in a closing direction, a first latch for latching the door-end door portion to a door frame; and a second latch for latching a left side of the door-end door portion to a right side of the hanging door portion, wherein relationships
D.sub.H<A.sub.H+LB.sub.H
PA.sub.H+D.sub.HC>PB.sub.H+A.sub.H+LB.sub.H are satisfied in which D.sub.H is a door opening force at a handle position required to overcome a door closing force of the door closer, D.sub.HC is the door closing force at the handle position required to overcome the door opening force of the door closer, A.sub.H is the door opening force at the handle position required to overcome the door closing force of the hinge closer, LB.sub.H is a force at the handle position required to overcome a releasing force of the latch B, PA.sub.H is a load acting in the closing direction on the door at the handle position by a pressure difference, and PB.sub.H is a load acting in the closing direction on the door-end door portion at the handle position by the pressure difference, and wherein one side of the hanging door portion defines a notched opening and upper and lower bearing portions, a stepped contracted portion of the door-end door portion is fitted in the notched opening and the door-end door portion is pivotally supported by the hinge closer, and a rotating shaft of the door-end door portion pivotally supported by the hanging door portion is not made eccentric but is set at a center of the door-end door portion, and the second latch is a roller catch or a magnet catch.

2. The door device with pressure difference mitigating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein relationships
D.sub.S>LA.sub.S,
A.sub.ST+PB.sub.ST>LA.sub.ST+LB.sub.ST,
A.sub.ST+PB.sub.ST>LA.sub.ST and
A.sub.ST+PB.sub.ST>LB.sub.ST are satisfied in which D.sub.S is a door closing force at a first latch position of the door closer, LA.sub.S is an input load of the first latch, A.sub.ST is a door closing force of the hinge hinge closer, PB.sub.ST is a rotating force acting on the door-end door portion by an air pressure difference, LA.sub.ST is a rotation resistance of the door-end door portion by an input load of the first latch, and LB.sub.ST is a rotation resistance of the door-end door portion by an input load of the second latch.

3. The door device with pressure difference mitigating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a height of about a half of the door-end door portion is the same as the height of the hanging door portion.

4. The door device with pressure difference mitigating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a door stop piece is extended so as to cover a gap between the hanging door and the door-end door from the hanging door and/or the door-end door.

5. The door device with pressure difference mitigating mechanism according to claim 4, wherein an airtight rubber is attached to the door stop piece.

6. The door device with pressure difference mitigating mechanism according to claim 5, wherein a dent is provided on the door frame side, and the airtight rubber is disposed therein so as to form the door with a semi-airtight specification.

7. The door device with pressure difference mitigating mechanism according to claim 6, wherein corners of upper and lower rotating portions on the hanging door side are rounded, and the door-end door side is recessed so as to provide a covering.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a transverse plan view illustrating an embodiment of a door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating the embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(3) FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating the embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(4) FIG. 4 are explanatory views illustrating an operation and an action of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(5) FIG. 5 is a front view illustrating a second embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(6) FIG. 6 is a front view illustrating a third embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(7) FIG. 7 is a front view illustrating a fourth embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(8) FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating the fourth embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(9) FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a fifth embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(10) FIG. 10 is a plan view of an essential part illustrating the fifth embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(11) FIG. 11 is a front view illustrating the fifth embodiment of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(12) FIG. 12 is an explanatory view illustrating an operation of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention.

(13) FIG. 13 is a front view illustrating a prior-art example.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(14) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail by referring to the attached drawings. FIG. 1 is a transverse plan view illustrating an embodiment of a door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the same, in which a door 15 is afire door and is installed capable of being opened/closed on a door frame 22. Reference numeral 23 in the figure is a hinge.

(15) The present invention is constituted as a folding-door type by dividing the door 15 into two parts to left and right, that is, a hanging door 16 and a door-end door 17 pivotally supported by the hanging door 16.

(16) In this embodiment, one side of the hanging door 16 is made a notched opening while portions constituting upper and lower bearing portions 24a and 24b are left, a stepped contracted portion 17a of the door-end door 17 is fitted in this notched opening, and this door-end door 17 is pivotally supported by the hinge closer 20. The door-end door 17 becomes a balance folding door. In the one side of the hanging door 16, upper and lower side portions constituting the upper and lower bearing portions 24a and 24b are constituted as through frames (frame).

(17) The remaining approximately half 17b of the door-end door 17 has the same upper and lower widths as those of the hanging door 16, and this portion is surrounded on an outer side by the door frame 22.

(18) A door opening/closing handle 18 is provided on the door-end door 17, and a door closer 19 is attached to the hanging door 16 (see FIG. 3).

(19) Here, the door opening/closing handle 18 is a collective name of an operation part for door opening/closing such as a lever handle, a door knob, a grip ball, a handle and the like and includes those not in a form of a handle such as a pressing plate, for example.

(20) On the door-end door 17, a latch A (21a) to the door frame 22 and a latch B (21b) to the hanging door 16 are provided. For the latch A (21a), a normal latch using a lock claw is suitable, and for the latch B (21b), a roller catch (roller latch), a magnet catch type latches and the like are suitable. If the latch B is a roller catch, a balance folding door constituted by combining the door-end door with the hanging door can be held during operation, but some rattling occurs, while if the roller catch is used, there is a concern that a holding force is not sufficient. If the ball catch is used, it has a holding force but there is a concern that the ball catch is easily removed. By using the magnet catch type latches, those nonconformities are solved, and a suitable latch can be obtained.

(21) An operation and an action of the door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the invention will be explained by referring to FIG. 4. FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) illustrate the normal time and FIGS. 4(c) and 4(d) illustrate occurrence of a pressure difference. FIG. 4(a) illustrates a door during an opening operation, FIG. 4(c) illustrates the door during the opening operation, and FIGS. 4(b) and 4(d) illustrate a door-closed state.

(22) In the normal time and in a door-open state,

(23) assuming that:

(24) a door opening force required against a door closing force of the door closer (handle position): D.sub.H

(25) a door opening force required against a door closing force of the hinge closer (handle position): A.sub.H

(26) a force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H, the following relationship is formed so that the hanging door and the door-end door are integrally opened/closed (FIG. 4(a)):
D.sub.H<A.sub.H+LB.sub.H

(27) In the normal time and in a door-closed state,

(28) assuming that:

(29) a door closing force of the door closer (latch A position): D.sub.S

(30) an input load of the latch A: LA.sub.S, the following relationship is formed so that the door is self-closed (FIG. 4(b)):
D.sub.S>LA.sub.S

(31) When a pressure difference is generated and in the door-open state,

(32) assuming that:

(33) a load acting on the entire door by an air pressure difference (assumed to act in a closing direction) (handle position): PA.sub.H

(34) a door opening force required against a door closing force of the door closer (handle position): D.sub.HC

(35) a load acting on the door-end door by the air pressure difference (acting in the closing direction) (handle position): PB.sub.H,

(36) a door opening force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H

(37) a door opening force required against a door closing force of the hinge closer (handle position): A.sub.H, the following relationship is formed so that only the door-end door is opened first (FIG. 4(c)):
PA.sub.H+D.sub.HC>PB.sub.HLB.sub.HA.sub.H

(38) When the pressure difference is generated, and in the door-closed state,

(39) assuming that:

(40) a door closing force (torque) of the hinge closer: A.sub.ST

(41) a rotating force (torque) acting on the door-end door by an air pressure difference (assumed to act in a closing direction): PB.sub.ST

(42) rotation resistance (torque) of the door-end door by an input load of the latch A: LA.sub.ST, and

(43) rotation resistance (torque) of the door-end door by an input load of the latch B: LB.sub.ST, and if the latch A and the latch B are operated simultaneously, the following relationship is formed so that only the door-end door is self-closed:
A.sub.ST+PB.sub.ST>LA.sub.ST+LB.sub.ST

(44) Similarly, if the latch A and the latch B are not operated simultaneously, the following relationship is formed so that the door-end door is self-closed:
A.sub.ST+PB.sub.ST>LA.sub.ST
A.sub.ST+PB.sub.ST>LB.sub.ST

(45) By setting as above, the hanging door and the door-end door can be integrally opened/closed in the normal time, and the door can be self-closed by the door closer. When the pressure difference is generated, an air pressure difference can be mitigated by opening only the door-end door first, and the door-end door can be reliably self-closed both when the latch A and the latch B are operated simultaneously and when the latch A and the latch B are not operated simultaneously.

(46) Moreover, as illustrated in FIG. 12, the door-end door 17 pivotally supported by the hanging door 16 with respect to the hanging door 16 is assumed to be closed slowly after the hanging door 16 is closed. Normally, in the case of a single door, assuming that it takes approximately 40 seconds for the door to be closed from the open state by 90 degrees, in the case of the present invention, assuming that (A) illustrates a state of 0 start, (B) illustrates a state after two seconds have elapsed, (C) illustrates a state after four seconds have elapsed, and the hanging door 16 is fully closed, while the door-end door 17 which is a balance door is still open.

(47) (D) illustrates a state after 10 seconds have elapsed, the hanging door 16 has been closed, and the door-end door 17 which is a balance door is slowly closed. By configuring as above, slow closing of the door-end door 17 can reduce a frame/door sandwiching pressure, and risk of a finger-caught accident or the like can be reduced to approximately 1/10, whereby safety is improved.

(48) FIG. 5 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention, in which one side of the hanging door 16 is made a notched opening 25 while portions constituting the upper and lower bearing portions 24a and 24b are left, the stepped contracted portion 17a of the approximately half side of the door-end door 17 is fitted in this notched opening 25, but with respect to a width of the notched opening 25 made from the one side of the hanging door 16 while the portions constituting the upper and lower bearing portions 24a and 24b are left, a width of a main body portion 16a of the hanging door 16 juxtaposed with this opening 25 is made as small as possible.

(49) By configuring as above, a width at the center of the door-end door 17 with respect to the hanging door 16 can be made large. The width of the door-end door 17 which is a balance folding door becomes large, and a rotation angle of the folding door can be set small.

(50) FIG. 6 illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention, and a door device with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention in which the door 15 is divided into two parts to left and right, that is, the hanging door 16 and the door-end door 17 pivotally supported by the hanging door 16 is formed as a side door to an all-time open fire door 26.

(51) A spot is generated where opening/closing of door is made difficult upon receipt of a pressure in a state in which a smoke evacuator is operated even in the all-time open fire door, but even in such a case, the difficulty in opening/closing can be solved by applying the present invention to the side door portion.

(52) Moreover, as a fourth embodiment, corners of ends 27 of the portions constituting the upper and lower bearing portions 24a and 24b of the hanging door 16 in upper and lower rotating portions of the door are rounded to be chamfered as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8. In correspondence with that, the door-end door 17 side is recessed, and a covering 28 is provided.

(53) By configuring as above, if ends of the portions constituting the upper and lower bearing portions are perpendicular, the one side of the hanging door 16 can be looked through in the upper and lower rotating portions of the door-end door 17, but by rounding the corners on the hanging door 16 side, by recessing the door-end door 17 side and by providing the covering 28, a state that the other side cannot be looked through can be ensured, and a condition to be approved as a fire door can be satisfied.

(54) Furthermore, as a fifth embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11, a dent 29 is provided on the door frame 22 side, and an airtight rubber 30 which is a rubber seal packing is disposed thereon so as to form that with a semi-airtight specification and to prevent air from going back and forth. An SAT rubber is used for the airtight rubber 30. Since the airtight rubber 30 is soft and easily collapsed by being pressed by an air pressure, hard rubber (not shown) is attached on the door frame 22 side in order to keep the hanging door 16 and the door-end door 17 straight even if they are pressed by the air pressure and to obtain favorable tightness.

(55) Moreover, a door stop piece 31 is extended so as to cover a gap between the hanging door 16 and the door-end door 17 from the hanging door 16 and/or the door-end door 17.

(56) By extending the door stop piece 31 as above, reverse rotation of the door-end door 17 can be prevented. Moreover, by covering the gap, looking through the gap from behind the door can be made difficult.

(57) The dent 29 is provided also in the door stop piece 31, and the airtight rubber 30 is disposed therein so as to make also the relationship between the hanging door 16 and the door-end door 17 the semi-airtight specification. As a result, drop of airtightness caused by the split constitution of the door can be suppressed.

(58) A portion in the door-end door 17 on the door tail side from the hinge is not overlapped with the upper and lower parts of the door frame 22 in a vertical direction so that rotation of the door-end door 17 to a door opening direction side with respect to the hanging door 16 is not limited by the door frame 22. As a result, the door-end door 17 can be opened first when the pressure difference is generated.

(59) Subsequently, an instance in which the handle for opening/closing the door, the door closer, the latch A of the door-end door to the door frame, and the latch B of the door-end door to the hanging door are provided but the hinge closer is not provided will be explained.

(60) In this case,

(61) the door is divided into two parts to left and right, that is, the hanging door and the door-end door pivotally supported by the hanging door;

(62) the handle for opening/closing the door, the door closer, the latch A of the door-end door to a door frame, and the latch B of the door-end door to the hanging door are provided; and the relationship of the following:

(63) a door opening force required against a door closing force of the door closer (handle position): D.sub.H

(64) a door closing force required against a door opening force of the door closer (handle position): D.sub.HC

(65) a force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H

(66) a load acting on the entire door by an air pressure difference (acting in a closing direction) (handle position): PA.sub.H and

(67) a load acting on the door-end door by the air pressure difference (acting in the closing direction) (handle position): PB.sub.H,

(68) is set as follows:
D.sub.H<LB.sub.H (the door-end door is not rotated, and the coupled door is opened in the normal time)
D.sub.S>LA.sub.S (the latch A is pushed in by the closing force of the door closer)
PA.sub.H+D.sub.HC>PB.sub.H+LB.sub.H (door-end door is opened at pressure difference).

(69) Since the door opening force required against a door closing force of the door closer (handle position): D.sub.H is smaller than the force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H, the hanging door and the door-end door can be integrally opened by applying the required door opening force against the door closing force of the hinge closer in the normal time.

(70) Moreover, since the door closing force of the door closer (latch A position): D.sub.S is larger than the input load LA.sub.S of the latch A, the door can be self-closed in the normal time.

(71) Moreover, since a sum of the load acting on the entire door by an air pressure difference (assumed to act in a closing direction) (handle position): PA.sub.H and the door opening force required against a door closing force of the door closer (handle position): D.sub.H is larger than a sum of the load acting on the door-end door by the air pressure difference (acting in the closing direction) (handle position): PB.sub.H and the door opening force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H, only the door-end door can be opened first when the pressure difference is generated.

(72) If the hinge closer is omitted, the rotation angle is preferably limited so that the door-end door 17 is not rotated by approximately 90 degrees or more with respect to the hanging door 16 in order to prevent closing nonconformity.

(73) On the other hand, in an instance in which the handle for opening/closing the door, the hinge closer supporting/rotating the door-end door with respect to the hanging door and having a pressure in a closing direction, the latch A of the door-end door to the door frame, and the latch B of the door-end door to the hanging door are provided but the door closer is not provided, the following configuration is employed.

(74) The door is divided into two parts to left and right, that is, the hanging door and the door-end door pivotally supported by the hanging door;

(75) the handle for opening/closing the door, the hinge closer supporting/rotating the door-end door with respect to the hanging door and having a pressure in a closing direction, the latch A of the door-end door to a door frame, and the latch B of the door-end door to the hanging door are provided; and

(76) the relationship of the following:

(77) a door opening force required against a door closing force of the hinge closer (handle position): A.sub.H

(78) a force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H

(79) a load acting on the entire door by an air pressure difference (acting in a closing direction) (handle position): PA.sub.H and

(80) a load acting on the door-end door by the air pressure difference (acting in the closing direction) (handle position): PB.sub.H is set as follows:
PA.sub.H+D.sub.HC>PB.sub.H+LB.sub.H+A.sub.H (door-end door is opened at pressure difference)
A.sub.ST>LB.sub.ST (so that the door-end door returns to an integral opening/closing state with the hanging door).

(81) Since the load acting on the entire door by an air pressure difference (assumed to act in a closing direction) (handle position): PA.sub.H is larger than a sum of the load acting on the door-end door by the air pressure difference (acting in the closing direction) (handle position): PB.sub.H, the door opening force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H, and the door opening force required against a door closing force of the hinge closer (handle position): A.sub.H, only the door-end door can be opened first when the pressure difference is generated.

(82) Moreover, since the door closing force (torque) A.sub.ST of the hinge closer is larger than the rotation resistance (torque) of the door-end door by an input load of the latch B: LB.sub.ST, the door-end door can return to the integral opening/closing state with the hanging door.

(83) On the other hand, the instance in which the door is divided into two parts to left and right, that is, the hanging door and the door-end door pivotally supported by the hanging door, and the handle for opening/closing the door, the latch A of the door-end door to the door frame, and the latch B of the door-end door to the hanging door are provided but the door closer and the hinge closer for rotating the door-end door to the hanging door are not provided will be as follows.

(84) The door is divided into two parts to left and right, that is, the hanging door and the door-end door pivotally supported by the hanging door; and

(85) the handle for opening/closing the door, the latch A of the door-end door to the door frame, and the latch B of the door-end door to the hanging door are provided, and

(86) the relationship of the following:

(87) a force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H

(88) a load acting on the entire door by an air pressure difference (acting in a closing direction) (handle position): PA.sub.H and

(89) a load acting on the door-end door by the air pressure difference (acting in the closing direction) (handle position): PB.sub.H is set as follows:
PA.sub.H>PB.sub.H+LB.sub.H (the door-end door is opened when the pressure difference is generated).

(90) Since the load acting on the entire door by an air pressure difference (assumed to act in a closing direction) (handle position): PA.sub.H is larger than a sum of the load acting on the door-end door by the air pressure difference (acting in the closing direction) (handle position): PB.sub.H and the door opening force required against a releasing force of the latch B (handle position): LB.sub.H, only the door-end door can be opened first when the pressure difference is generated.

(91) If the latch A is omitted, the following relational equation is not necessary:
D.sub.S>LA.sub.S (the latch A is pushed in by the closing force of the door closer)
A.sub.ST+PB.sub.ST>LA.sub.ST+LB.sub.ST (door-end door is closed with the entire door at pressure difference)
A.sub.ST+PB.sub.ST>LA.sub.ST (door-end door itself is closed).

(92) In the above embodiments, the fire door with a pressure difference mitigating mechanism of the present invention is installed in a passage of a fire control area is explained, but the present invention can be applied not only to such fire doors but also instances with an air pressure difference such as an entrance of a machine room and the like.

(93) Moreover, the door can be applied to a door of a building with a concern of inundation. In the normal time, a door is opened/closed as a door with a door closer in which two doors are integrally operated, while if the building submerges in water due to tsunami, flood or the like, and a water pressure difference is generated between an inside and an outside of a room to such a degree that the integral single-panel door cannot be opened easily, the door-end door 17 can be opened first, whereby the water pressure can be solved, and the door 15 can be opened easily for evacuation.

(94) In this case, in the above relational equations, PA.sub.R reads a load acting on the entire door by a water pressure difference (acting in a closing direction) (handle position), and PB.sub.H reads a load acting on the door-end door by a water pressure difference (acting in a closing direction) (handle position).