HYBRID DISPERSION AND USE THEREOF

Abstract

The invention relates to a dispersion comprising a dispersion medium (phase I) and a disperse liquid phase II, the dispersion being characterized in that both phases I and II comprise a further dispersed phase III and this dispersed phase III comprises a release-active agent; to a process for preparing the dispersion, and to the use as or for the production of paints, inks, polymer dispersions and release agents.

Claims

1. A dispersion comprising a dispersion medium (phase I) and a disperse liquid phase II, wherein both phases I and II comprise a further dispersed phase III and this dispersed phase III comprises a release-active agent.

2. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the two phases I and II at room temperature are soluble in one another to an extent of not more than 0.5 wt %, based on the respective other phase.

3. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of phase I to phase II is from 0.1:100 to 100:0.1.

4. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein phase II consists of water to an extent of more than 75 wt %.

5. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein phase I consists of a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture to an extent of more than 75 wt %.

6. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of phase III in phase I is from 0.1 to 20 wt %, based on the sum of phase I and phase III.

7. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of phase III in phase II is from 1 to 40 wt %, based on the sum of phase II and phase III.

8. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein said release-active agent in phase III comprises one or more microwaxes, polyethylene waxes and/or ethoxylated polyethylene waxes.

9. A process for preparing a dispersion according to claim 1, wherein a phase I and a phase II are provided, a release-active agent is dispersed as phase III into both of phases I and II, and subsequently phases I and II are mixed with one another.

10. The process according to claim 9, wherein the two phases I and II at room temperature are soluble in one another to an extent of not more than 0.5 wt %, based on the respective other phase.

11. The process according to claim 9, wherein a molten wax is used as release-active agent.

12. Use of a dispersion according to claim 1 as or for the production of paints, inks, polymer dispersions and release agents.

13. The dispersion according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of phase I to phase II is from 0.1:100 to 100:0.1.

14. The dispersion according to claim 2, wherein phase II consists of water to an extent of more than 75 wt %.

15. The dispersion according to claim 2, wherein phase I consists of a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture to an extent of more than 75 wt %.

16. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of phase III in phase I is from 1 to 7.5 wt %, based on the sum of phase I and phase III.

17. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of phase III in phase II is from 5 to 20 wt %, based on the sum of phase II and phase III.

18. The dispersion according to claim 2, wherein the fraction of phase III in phase I is from 1 to 7.5 wt %, based on the sum of phase I and phase III.

19. The dispersion according to claim 2, wherein the fraction of phase III in phase II is from 5 to 20 wt %, based on the sum of phase II and phase III.

20. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein said release-active agent in phase III comprises one or more microwaxes and/or ethoxylated polyethylene waxes.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0069] List of substances used: [0070] Polyethylene wax=wax from Evonik Industries AG with a solidification temperature of 60 C. [0071] Hydrocarbons=petroleum fraction from Shell with a flash point of 56 C. [0072] Cosmos 19=dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL); manufacturer: Evonik Industries AG [0073] Microwax=Microwax HEI from Paramelt, with a solidification temperature of 70 C. [0074] Tegostab B8443=polyethersiloxane, manufacturer: Evonik Industries AG [0075] Marlipal 1618/11, manufacturer: Sasol Olefin & Surfactants GmbH [0076] Genamin 16R; manufacturer: TerHell [0077] Acetic acid, supplier: Brenntag [0078] Desmophen PU 50REII =polyether polyol, manufacturer: Bayer [0079] Tegoamin TA 33, manufacturer: Evonik Industries AG [0080] Diethanolamine, manufacturer: Bayer MaterialScience [0081] Tegostab B4113, manufacturer: Evonik Industries AG [0082] Suprasec X 2412, manufacturer: Huntsman [0083] List of apparatus used: [0084] Stirring was carried out using the RW 20 digital agitator from IKA, with a two-blade paddle stirrer. [0085] The rotor-stator dispersing assembly utilized was a T50 digital Ultra-Turrax with an S 50 N -G 45 G dispersing tool. [0086] The bead mill used was a DISPERMAT SL from VMA-GETZMANN GMBH. [0087] The high-pressure homogenizer used was the 2000/04-SH5 from IKA. [0088] For the rundown tests, steel plates of type R 64 Q-Panel from Q-Lab were utilized.

Example 1

Preparation of the (Release Agent) Dispersions

Example 1a

Non-Inventive Release Agent

[0089] 2.5 parts by weight of polyethylene wax (solidification point 60 C.) and 2.5 parts by weight of microwax (solidification point 70 C.) are melted and admixed with 45 parts by weight of hydrocarbon (flash point 56 C.). 48.5 parts by weight of hydrocarbon (flash point 56 C.) are admixed with 0.5 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1 part by weight of Tegostab B 8443 and added to the wax dispersion.

Example 1b

Non-Inventive Release Agent

[0090] 2.5 parts by weight of polyethylene wax (solidification point 60 C.) and 2.5 parts by weight of microwax (solidification point 70 C.) are melted and admixed with 5 parts by weight of ethoxylated polyethylene wax, 0.9 part by weight of Genamin 16R and 0.2 part by weight of acetic acid. Subsequently the melt is added at 90 C. to 88.9 parts by weight of water, followed by intensive stirring.

Example 1c

Inventive Release Agent

[0091] 50 wt % of the release agent from Example 1a and 50 wt % of the release agent from Example 1b were placed in a glass beaker and stirred intensively at room temperature for 20 minutes.

Example 1d

Non-Inventive Release Agent

[0092] 2.5 parts by weight of polyethylene wax (solidification point 60 C.) and 2.5 parts by weight of microwax (solidification point 70 C.) are melted and admixed with 15 parts by weight of hydrocarbon (flash point 56 C.). Then 0.9 part by weight of Genamin is added and the mixture is subsequently introduced into 78.5 parts by weight of water, followed by intensive stirring. Lastly, 0.5 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1 part by weight of Tegostab B 8443 are incorporated into the dispersion with stirring.

Example 1e

Non-Inventive Release Agent

[0093] 2.5 parts by weight of polyethylene wax (solidification point 60 C.) and 2.5 parts by weight of microwax (solidification point 70 C.) are melted and admixed with 35 parts by weight of hydrocarbon (flash point 56 C.). Then 0.9 part by weight of Genamin is added and the mixture is subsequently introduced into 58.5 parts by weight of water, followed by intensive stirring. Lastly, 0.5 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1 part by weight of Tegostab B 8443 are incorporated into the dispersion with stirring.

Example 1f

Non-Inventive Release Agent

[0094] 2.5 parts by weight of polyethylene wax (solidification point 60 C.) and 2.5 parts by weight of microwax (solidification point 70 C.) are melted and admixed with 55 parts by weight of hydrocarbon (flash point 56 C.). Then 0.9 part by weight of Genamin is added and the mixture is subsequently introduced into 38.5 parts by weight of water, followed by intensive stirring. Lastly, 0.5 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1 part by weight of Tegostab B 8443 are incorporated into the dispersion with stirring.

Example 1g

Inventive Release Agent

[0095] 50 wt % of the release agent from Example 1a and 50 wt % of the release agent from Example 1b were placed into a glass beaker and dispersed intensively at room temperature for 30 minutes using an Ultra-Turrax at 5000 revolutions/min.

Example 1h

Inventive Release Agent

[0096] 50 wt % of the release agent from Example 1a and 50 wt % of the release agent from Example 1b were dispersed intensively at room temperature for 45 minutes in a bead mill (rotor-split tube separating apparatus, zirconium beads 2 micrometers).

[0097] Example 1i

Inventive Release Agent

[0098] 50 wt % of the release agent from Example 1a and 50 wt % of the release agent from Example 1b were dispersed intensively at room temperature for 45 minutes using a high-pressure homogenizer (1000 bar, 20 l/h).

Example 1j

Inventive Release Agent

[0099] 30 wt % of the release agent from Example 1a and 70 wt % of the release agent from Example 1b were dispersed intensively at room temperature for 45 minutes with an agitator with two-blade paddle stirrer.

[0100] Example 1k

Inventive Release Agent

[0101] 70 wt % of the release agent from Example 1a and 30 wt % of the release agent from Example 1b were dispersed intensively at room temperature for 45 minutes with an agitator with two-blade paddle stirrer.

Example 2

Release Experiments

[0102] The release agents of Examples 1a, 1b and 1c were applied in amounts of 30 g/m.sup.2 to metal plates, using a nozzle. Thereafter a polyurethane system consisting of 100 parts by weight of Desmophen PU 50REII, 3.5 parts by weight of water, 0.5 part by weight of Tegoamin 33, 1.5 parts by weight of diethanolamine, 1 part by weight of Tegostab B4113, and 78 parts by weight of Suprasec X 2412 was foamed at 55 C. in a box mold formed from the plates, the box mold being covered with a metal plate sprayed with release agent, and assessments being made of the release force and the foam surface after the end of foam formation. The results are reported in Table 1.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Evaluation of release agent experiments Force for removing the metal Assessment of foam Release agent plate from the foam [Kg] surface 1a 1.5 very uneven, in part greatly open-pored 1b 1.8 very uneven, in part greatly open-pored 1c 0.3 very even, only minimally open-pored

Example 3

Dispersion Stability

[0103] The dispersion stability was appraised visually. For this purpose, the samples were checked daily and compared with freshly produced samples. The results are listed in Table 2.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 evaluation of dispersion stability: Separation at room temperature Release agent beginning visibly after 1a >20 days 1b >10 days 1c >50 days 1d 5 days 1e 2 days 1f 1 day 1g >50 days 1h >50 days 1i >50 days 1j >50 days 1k >50 days

Example 4

Electrical Conductivity of the Dispersions

[0104] The specific resistance of the dispersions was measured using a Voltcraft 96 from METEX. For this purpose, the measuring head of the instrument was immersed at room temperature into the dispersion until it was possible to read off a constant measurement value. The results are reproduced in Table 3.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Conductivity of the dispersions: Release agent Specific resistance [Mohm/cm] 1a >5 1b 0.03 1c >5 1d 0.02 1e 0.01 1f 0.01 1g >5 1h >5 1i >5 1j 0.01 1k >5

Example 5

Film-Forming of the Dispersions

[0105] The film-forming of the dispersions was determined by measuring the length of the rundown of 0.5 ml of dispersion on a metal plate heated at 60 C. For this purpose, the metal plate was positioned at an angle of 45. The length of the run was measured after the solvent had dried off. The results are reported in Table 4.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Rundown lengths determined Release agent Length of rundown in cm 1a 5.1 1b 2.3 1c 5.3 1d 2.5 1e 2.2 1f 2.4 1g 2.3 1h 2.2 1i 2.3 1j 2.5 1k 2.2

Example 6

Separation Behaviour After Centrifuging

[0106] For the stability analysis, the LUMiFuge stability analyser from LUM GmbH was used, and was operated with the parameters described above in the description. Samples analysed were those of the inventive dispersion of Example 1c and of the non-inventive dispersion 1d.

[0107] Analysis of the inventive dispersion from Example 1c resulted, after separation by centrifuging, in at least 3 phases, which were discernible as phases with different transmittances (T):

[0108] Separating out as the upper phase was phase 1. This phase is transparent to slightly hazy (T.sub.1). Beneath it was the non-translucent phase 3 with the lowest transmittance (T.sub.3). Within phase 3 in turn a phase boundary was visible. The transmittances of the two sub-phases of phase 3 are similar. Below this, down to the base of the container, was phase 2, which had a higher transmittance (T.sub.2) by comparison with phase 3.

[0109] The transmittances of phase 1 and 2 were virtually identical, and in each case the transmittance was substantially higher than that of phase 3, having the following relationship: T.sub.1T.sub.2 >T.sub.3,a, T.sub.3,b.

[0110] Analysis of the non-inventive dispersion from Example 1d gave, after separation by centrifuging, the deposition of an upper phase having the lowest transmittance (T.sub.i). Located immediately beneath it was a phase which showed a higher transmittance than phase i (T.sub.ii), and so the relationship was as follows: T.sub.i<T.sub.ii.