Abstract
A pitch changer system for a string musical instrument, including a lever assembly, a rotating saddle assembly, a swing plate, and a lever tensioning assembly. Applying force to move the lever in a first direction forces a bell crank matingly coupled to the lever into rotation such that a coupling system of the lever tensioning assembly causes the swing plate to force a rotating saddle of the rotating saddle assembly into rotation to elongate and thereby temporarily change the pitch of a string coupled to the rotating saddle.
Claims
1. A pitch changer system for a stringed musical instrument having a body and a neck, comprising: a lever assembly, a lever tensioning system, and a rotating saddle each configured to be mounted to a body of said stringed musical instrument; said lever assembly including: a mounting plate having a bearing housing extending from a lower surface, a lever aperture, and an adjustment member aperture; a lever having a lever shaft and a lever arm, the lever shaft extending through said lever aperture and configured to be rotationally moved within the bearing housing of the mounting plate, and the lever arm extending from the lever shaft; and a rotation adjustment assembly to selectively adjust a rotational range of said lever, wherein said rotation adjustment assembly includes an adjustment member that extends through said adjustment member aperture of said mounting plate; and said lever tensioning system configured to adjust a tension level of said lever of said integrated lever assembly, wherein applying force to move said lever arm in a first direction forces said rotating saddle into rotation to elongate and thereby temporarily change the pitch of a string coupled to said rotating saddle.
2. The pitch changer system of claim 1, wherein said lever assembly includes at least one bearing assembly disposed within said bearing housing, wherein said at least one bearing assembly is configured to receive at least a portion of a bell crank shaft and at least a portion of said lever shaft.
3. The pitch changer system of claim 2, wherein said at least one bearing assembly of said lever assembly includes an upper bearing assembly and a lower bearing assembly each disposed within said bearing housing and configured to enable the rotation of said lever and said bell crank.
4. The pitch changer system of claim 2, wherein said at least one bearing assembly of said lever assembly is retained within said bearing housing via at least one retainer screw configured to be received within a threaded aperture formed in a side wall of said bearing housing.
5. The pitch changer system of claim 2, wherein at least one of said lever shaft and said bell crank shaft includes a threaded aperture dimensioned to receive a retainer screw for retaining said lever shaft in mating relation to said bell crank shaft within said at least one bearing assembly disposed within said bearing housing.
6. The pitch changer system of claim 1, wherein said adjustment member of said lever assembly includes a thumb wheel dimensioned to extend at least partially through said adjustment member aperture in said mounting plate so a user may manually adjust said rotational range of said lever from said upper surface of said mounting plate.
7. The pitch changer system of claim 1, wherein said adjustment member of said lever assembly includes a shaft extending from a thumb wheel dimensioned to engage with an adjustment block having a tuning stop.
8. The pitch changer system of claim 7, wherein said shaft of said adjustment member of said lever assembly includes a threaded section and an unthreaded section, said threaded section is dimensioned to be threadably received with a threaded aperture in said adjustment block, and said unthreaded section is dimensioned to engage with a set screw that is used to selectively apply friction to said adjustment member.
9. The pitch changer system of claim 1, wherein the rotation adjustment assembly of said lever assembly includes a fixed tuning stop and a movable tuning stop that collectively define the rotational range of said lever.
10. The pitch changer system of claim 9, wherein the fixed tuning stop of the rotation adjustment assembly of said lever assembly is positioned in a fixed location relative to said bearing housing and the movable tuning stop is positioned on a translating section forming part of the rotation adjustment assembly.
11. The pitch changer system of claim 2, wherein said bell crank of said lever assembly includes a plurality of mounting apertures dimensioned to be coupled to the lever tensioning system and thereby select a predetermined throw of said lever during use.
12. The pitch changer system of claim 1, wherein said bearing housing is: a) machined as an integral structural part of the mounting plate; or b) at least one of glued, welded, bolted or otherwise securely mounted to the lower surface of the mounting plate.
13. The pitch changer system of claim 1, further comprising a swing-plate assembly configured to cooperate with said lever tensioning system.
14. A pitch changer system for a stringed musical instrument having a body, a neck, and a saddle mounting plate attached to the body, the pitch changer system comprising: a lever assembly configured to be mounted to said body of said stringed musical instrument, said lever assembly including a lever rotatably coupled to a mounting plate; a reversable saddle assembly configured to be mounted to a saddle mounting plate, said reversable saddle assembly including: a saddle block including a static saddle and a hinge block, said saddle block being at least one of height adjustable and longitudinally adjustable relative to said saddle mounting plate, wherein said static saddle is dimensioned to have a first string of said instrument extending thereover during use; and a rotating saddle configured to be hingedly coupled to said hinge block, said rotating saddle including a string aperture dimensioned to receive a second string of said instrument, wherein said rotating saddle may be selectively reversed relative to said hinge block such that said saddle block may be reversed to thereby use said static saddle for said second string of said instrument and said rotating saddle for said first string of said instrument; and a lever tensioning system configured to be mounted to said body of said stringed musical instrument, wherein applying force to move said lever in a first direction forces said rotating saddle into rotation to elongate and thereby temporarily change the pitch of a string coupled to the rotating saddle.
15. The pitch changer system of claim 14, further comprising a swing-plate assembly configured to extend into a swing plate recess formed in the body of the stringed musical instrument, said swing plate assembly including a recess configured to receive said third region of said lever tensioning system.
16. The pitch changer system of claim 14, wherein said hinge block includes a first pair of apertures dimensioned to receive a hinge pin to maintain said rotating saddle in a first position relative to said hinge block, and a second pair of apertures dimensioned to received said hinge pin to maintain said rotating saddle in a second position relative to said hinge block.
17. The pitch changer system of claim 14, wherein said hinge block includes a recess for accessing a first side of said first and second pair of apertures to facilitate selectively removing said hinge pins to selectively reverse said rotating saddle relative to said hinge block.
18. The pitch changer system of claim 14, wherein a force of said first string extending over said static saddle helps create contact between a height adjustment screw of saddle block and said bridge mounting plate.
19. The pitch changer system of claim 14, wherein said saddle block is height adjustable via a first screw dimensioned to be received in a threaded aperture formed generally vertically in said static saddle relative to said saddle mounting plate and a second screw dimensioned to be received in a threaded aperture formed generally vertically in said hinge block relative to said saddle mounting plate.
20. The pitch changer system of claim 14, wherein said saddle block is longitudinally adjustable via a screw dimensioned to be received in a threaded aperture formed generally horizontally in said hinge block relative to said saddle mounting plate to simultaneously intonate said first and second strings of said instrument.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Many advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art with a reading of this specification in conjunction with the attached drawings, wherein like reference numerals are applied to like elements and wherein:
[0027] FIGS. 1-2 are front and back views, respectively, of an electric guitar equipped with a bridge assembly and a lever assembly of a pitch changer system according to one aspect of the present invention;
[0028] FIG. 3 is a front view of a swing plate assembly forming part of the pitch changer system according to one aspect of the present invention;
[0029] FIG. 4 is a side view of a lever tensioning assembly forming part of the pitch changer system according to one aspect of the present invention;
[0030] FIG. 5 is a side view of a lever assembly coupled to a lever tensioning assembly of the pitch changer system according to aspects of the present invention;
[0031] FIGS. 6-7 are front and back views, respectively, of an electric guitar showing the various recesses and bores required to house and/or receive the components forming the pitch changer system according to one aspect of the present invention;
[0032] FIGS. 8-9 are perspective views of a lever assembly forming part of the pitch changer system according to one aspect of the present invention (unmounted in FIG. 8 and mounted in FIG. 9);
[0033] FIGS. 10-11 are top and side perspective views, respectively, of a lever assembly forming part of the pitch. changer system according to one aspect of the present invention;
[0034] FIG. 12 is a side view of a lever rotation assembly forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0035] FIGS. 13-14 are top views of a rotation adjustment assembly (disassembled in FIG. 13, assembled in FIG, 14) forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0036] FIGS. 15-16 are perspective and bottom views, respectively, of a mounting plate forming part of the lever assembly according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0037] FIGS. 17A-17B are top views of a saddle assembly respectively with and without a saddle finger assembly forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0038] FIGS. 18-19 are perspective and exploded views, respectively, of a rotating saddle assembly (including saddle block and rotating saddle) forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0039] FIG. 20 is a side view of a rotating saddle assembly (including rotating saddle and extension arm) forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0040] FIG. 21 is a front view of a swing plate assembly (including hinge base, swing plate, hinge pin, and mounting screws) forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0041] FIGS. 22-23 are perspective views, respectively, of the swing plate and hinge base of the swing plate assembly forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0042] FIGS. 24A-24D include a variety of views of an upper coupler of a spring assembly of the lever tensioning assembly forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention;
[0043] FIG. 25 includes a plurality of views of the mounting plate of the lever assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0044] FIGS. 26-28 include a plurality of views of the lever assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0045] FIGS. 29-30 include a plurality of views of the lever of the lever assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0046] FIGS. 31-32 include a plurality of views of the bell crank of the lever assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0047] FIGS. 33-34 include a plurality of views of the thumbwheel and shaft of the rotation adjustment assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0048] FIGS. 35-36 include a plurality of views of the adjustment block of the rotation adjustment assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0049] FIG. 37 includes a plurality of views of the rotating saddle assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0050] FIG. 38 includes a plurality of views of the rotating saddle member of the rotating saddle assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0051] FIG. 39 includes a plurality of views of the saddle block of the rotating saddle assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0052] FIG. 40 includes a plurality of views of the swing plate of the swing plate assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention;
[0053] FIG. 41 includes a plurality of views of the hinge base of the swing plate assembly forming part of the pitch changer system of the present invention; and
[0054] FIGS. 42A-42D are top, bottom, side and end view, respectively, of an alternate saddle block forming part of the pitch changer system according to an aspect of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0055] illustrative embodiments of the invention are described below. in the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure. The pitch changer system disclosed herein boasts a variety of inventive features and components that warrant patent protection, both individually and in combination.
[0056] FIGS. 1-4 show a pitch changer system 10 of the present invention installed for use on a stringed instrument which, by way of example only, is an electric guitar 4 consisting of a body 6 and neck 8 as shown in FIGS. 1-2. It will be appreciated that the pitch changer system 10 may be employed with any of a variety of stringed musical instruments beyond an electric guitar (much less the type of electric guitar shown) without departing from the scope of the present invention. The pitch changer system 10 includes a lever assembly 12 mounted to the back of the body 6 at the junction with the neck 8 (FIG, 2), a bridge/saddle assembly 1.4 mounted to the bridge area on the front of the body 6 (FIG. 1), as well as a swing plate assembly 16 (FIG. 3) and lever tensioning system 18 (FIG. 4). While each assembly forming the pitch changer system 10 will be described in detail below, a preliminary explanation follows
[0057] The lever assembly 12 (FIG. 2) is designed to transfer rotational mechanical force exerted on a lever 20 via a guitar strap (not shown) to an internally disposed bell crank (as will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 8-16), The bridge/saddle assembly 14 (FIG. 1) includes a rotating saddle assembly 22 (as will described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 17-20) designed to cooperate with the swing plate assembly 16 of FIG. 3 to change the pitch of a select string upon rotation of the swing plate assembly 16 according to the present invention. The swing plate assembly 16 (FIG. 3) is mounted under the bridge/saddle assembly 14 and includes a hinge base 24 hingedly coupled to a swing plat 26 designed to physically rotate the rotating saddle assembly 22 of FIG. 2 when the lever tensioning system 18 of FIG. 4 is moved in response to the rotation of the lever 20 of the lever assembly 12 (as will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 21-23). As showing 4, the lever tensioning system 18 includes a cable assembly 28, a spring assembly 30, and a spring adjustment assembly 32. The cable assembly 28 includes a cable 34 with an upper loop 36 and a lower loop 38. The spring assembly 30 includes a spring 40, an upper coupler 42, and a lower coupler 44. The spring adjustment assembly 32 includes a flanged bushing 46 and an adjustment screw 48. When installed, the upper loop 36 of the cable assembly 28 is coupled to the bell crank (not shown) of the lever assembly 12, the lowerloop 38 is coupled to the upper coupler 42 of the spring assembly 30, and the lower coupler 44 has an internal threaded lumen that threadedly receives the adjustment screw 48 such that, upon clockwise rotation, the lower coupler 44 advances towards the bushing 46 to increase the tension exerted by the spring 40 on the lever 22 of the lever assembly 12 (and vice versa via counter-clockwise rotation). FIG. 5 illustrates the lever assembly 12 coupled to the lever tensioning assembly 18 according to an aspect of the present invention.
[0058] In use, the guitar 4 will be equipped with a guitar strap (not shown) having a first end coupled to a first strap button 50 on the end of the body 6, a second end coupled to the end of the lever 20 of the lever assembly 12, and a strap section extending therebetween positioned diagonally over the back and left shoulder of the player for the right-handed guitar 4 shown in FIGS. 1-2 (reverse for left-handed guitars). Collectively, the components of the pitch changer system 10 allow a player of the guitar 4 to change the pitch of a selected string by moving the guitar 4 (e.g. tipping the neck 8 downward while playing) such that the guitar strap will force the lever 22 into clockwise rotation. This rotational force increases the length of the selected string during such lever rotation to effectuate a desired pitch change. When the rotational force is removed (e.g. the neck 8 is tipped back up while playing), the lever 22 rotates counter-clockwise under spring tension of the lever tensioning system 18 to return to a starting position, during which rotation the string length decreases to bring the selected string back to its index or normal pitch. By way of example only, the selected string may be the G string and the pitch changer system 10 may be employed to temporarily change the pitch to G#, A or A# or to another desired increment. As will be described below, the pitch changer system 10 may also be used with any number of other guitar strings, including but not limited to the B string in order to temporarily change the pitch to C, C# or D or to another desired increment. Moreover, although described above in use with a guitar strap, it will be appreciated that the pitch changer system 10 of the present invention may actuated with any strap, cord, band or other means anchored or wrapped about the player's shoulder, waist, foot or other stationary part that may be used to exert resistive force.
[0059] FIGS. 6-7 are front and back views, respectively, of the guitar body 6 without the pick-guard and hardware (e.g. control knobs, pick-up sectors, etc . . . ) of FIGS. 1-2 in order to explain the recesses and bores required to accommodate the various components forming the pitch changer system 10 of the present invention. A lever assembly recess 52 extends from the back surface of the body 6 (FIG. 7) and is dimensioned to accommodate various components forming part of the lever assembly 12. A swing plate recess 54 extends from the front surface of the body 6 (FIG. 6) and includes an upper recess 54a dimensioned to accommodate the hinge base 24 and a lower recess 54b dimensioned to receive the swing plate 26 and a saddle finger extension (not shown) that projects downward from the saddle finger assembly 22. A lower longitudinal bore 56 (shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 6-7) extends from a point adjacent to the strap button 50 to the swing plate recess 54 and is dimensioned to receive the spring assembly 30 and spring adjustment assembly 32 forming part of the lever tensioning system 18 of FIG. 4. An upper longitudinal bore 58 (shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 6-7) extends from the swing plate recess 54 and is dimensioned to receive the cable assembly 28 forming part of the lever tensioning system. 18 of FIG. 4. Although lower and upper longitudinal bores 56, 58 are shown at slight angles relative to one another in FIGS. 6-7, it will be appreciated that these may be provided any suitable arrangements, including but not limited to straight. The remainder of the recesses are known and common to these prior art guitars, namely in addition to the typical bridge pick up recess 60, a neck pickup recess 62, control assembly recess 64, string bores 66 and a neck recess 68 with bores 70 for bolting the neck 8 to the body 4 as is known in the art.
[0060] The lever assembly 12 will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 8-16. As shown in FIGS. 8-9, the lever assembly 12 includes a mounting plate 80 with a plurality of apertures 82 for receiving screws 84 which, in turn, extend through the apertures 70 formed in the body 6 to accomplish the dual purposes amounting the lever assembly 12 to the body 6 aid mounting the neck 8 to the body 6. In this embodiment, the mounting plate 80 may replace the factory-installed neck plate used to mount the neck 8 to the body 6 during manufacture. Alternatively, the mounting plate 80 may be a dedicated plate used solely for mounting the pitch changer system 10 to the guitar for use and/or may be positioned elsewhere on the back of the guitar 4 other than as shown in FIGS. 8-9. As will be described in greater detail below, the lever assembly 12 also includes a thumb wheel 86 extending through an aperture formed in the mounting plate for the purpose of manually adjusting the degree of rotation of the lever 20 relative to the mounting plate 80, as well as an aperture 88 formed in the distal end of the lever 20 for the purpose of attaching the lever 20 to a guitar strap via any known means (e.g. strap button, strap lock, etc.).
[0061] The lever assembly 12 also includes a bearing housing 90 extending generally perpendicularly from the back surface of the mounting plate 80 as shown in FIGS. 10-11, as well as a lever rotation assembly 92 shown in FIG. 12 and a rotation adjustment assembly 94 shown in FIGS. 13-14. The mounting plate 80 and bearing housing 90 may be machined from a singular aluminum block but one or both parts may be made of metal, plastic or other suitable material. The bearing housing 90 may be an integral structural part of the mounting plate 80 or, if not, it inlay be glued, welded, bolted or otherwise securely joined with the mounting plate 80.
[0062] The lever rotation assembly 92 (FIG. 12) includes the lever 20, a bell crank 96, and lower and upper bearings 98, 100. The lever 20 includes a cylindrical shaft 102 extending perpendicularly therefrom with a half-shaft 104 extending from the cylindrical shalt 102. The bell crank 96 includes an extension arm 106 with a plurality of holes 108 formed therein and a half-shaft 110 extending generally perpendicularly from the extension arm 106. The half-shaft 104 of the lever 20 and half-shaft 110 of the bell crank 96 are configured to be positioned in mating contact and disposed within the lower bearing 98 and upper bearing 100 within the bearing housing 90 to effectively form a cylindrical shaft within the bearing housing 90. The lower and upper bearings 98, 100 are of identical construction and each includes outer and inner races 112, 114 capable of rotation relative to one another. The outer races 112 are dimensioned to be received within (and in physical abutment with) the bearing housing 90. The inner races 114 are dimensioned to be in contact with exterior surfaces of the half-shafts 104, 110 of the lever 20 and bell crank 96, respectively, when mated and. disposed within the lower and upper bearings 98, 100 within the bearing housing 90. In so doing, the lower and upper bearings 98, 100 hold together the half-shafts 104, 110 and allow them to rotate as one with respect to the mounting plate 80 and guitar 4, effectively forming an axle on which the lever 20 and bell crank extension 106 rotate. The bearings 98, 100 may be ball bearings, bushings or an integral part of one or both of the half shafts 104, 110 and can be a variety of different inner and outer diameters to accommodate the shaft and housing configurations.. The bell crank 96 may be equipped with two concentric bell crank bearing stops (not shown) which press against the inner races 114 of the lower and upper bearings 98, 100 to maintain the desired spacing of the extension arm 106 of the bell crank 96 and the lower and upper bearings 98, 100 so as to eliminate or minimize friction with the outer race 112 of either or both bearings 98, 100.
[0063] To accomplish this, the half-shaft 104 of the lever 20 is advanced into the lumen through an aperture (not shown) from the front of the mounting plate 80 and the lower bearing 98 is installed within a lower portion of the bearing housing 90 with the half-shaft 104 of the lever 20 extending through the inner lumen of the lower bearing 98. The half shaft 110 of the bell crank 96 is then positioned in mating relationship with the half-shaft 104 of the lever 20 and the upper bearing 100 is installed within an upper portion of the bearing housing 90 such that upper sections of the half-shaft 104 of the lever 20 and the half-shaft 110 of the bell crank 96 are disposed in mating relationship within the lumen of the upper bearing 100. As best shown in FIGS. 10-11, with the lower and upper bearings 98, 100 and half-shafts 104, 110 introduced into the bearing housing 90 in this manner, first and second retainer screws 116, 118 are then used to secure these components relative to the mounting plate 80. The first retainer screw 116 is inserted into a threaded hole (not shown) formed in the upper surface of the half-shaft 104 of the lever 20 such that the screw head presses against the upper surface of the half-shaft 110 of the bell crank 96 to prevent the lever 20 from being removed from the bearing housing 90 during use. The second retainer screw 118 is inserted into a threaded hole (not shown) formed in the upper surface of the bearing housing 90 such that the screw head presses against the outer race 112 of the upper bearing 100 to retain the bearings 98, 100, and prevent the entire lever rotation assembly 92 from being pushed beyond its desired depth in the bearing housing 90. The exterior surfaces of the half-shafts 104, 110 are in abutment with. the inner races 114 of the lower and upper bearings 98, 100. The mated half-shafts 104, 110 may then rotate within the bearing housing 90 as though constructed as a single shaft or axle.
[0064] The rotation adjustment assembly 94 (FIGS. 13-14) includes the thumbwheel 86, a shaft 120 extending perpendicularly from the thumbwheel 86, and an adjustment block 122. The thumbwheel 86 is generally cylindrical in shape and includes notches along the outer periphery to facilitate rotation via manual engagement by a user. The shaft 120 includes a smooth cylindrical section 124 adjacent to the thumb heel 86 and a threaded section 126 extending in a coaxial manner therefrom. The adjustment block 122 includes a lower section 128 and an upper section 130. The lower section 128 is generally elongate and rectangular in shape with a longitudinally arranged threaded aperture 132 dimensioned for threaded engagement with the threaded section 126 of the shaft 120. The upper section 130 is generally square in shape and includes a generally cylindrical tuning stop 134 dimensioned to be a point of contact for the extension arm 106 of the bell crank 96 during rotation when the lever assembly 12 is in use pitch changing according to the present invention. The tuning stop 134 (also known as moving tuning stop 134) may be of manufactured from any of a variety of suitable materials, including plastic to avoid generating noise from said contact during use that may otherwise occur with metal-on-metal contact.
[0065] As shown in FIGS. 10-11, the rotation adjustment assembly 94 is coupled to the mounting plate 80 via a set screw 136 dimensioned to threadably engage within a threaded gap 138 formed between a first wall 140 and a second wall 142 extending colinearly from the left side of the bearing housing 90 (FIG. 10). To do so, with the bell crank 96 not vet disposed within the bearing housing 90, the rotation adjustment assembly 94 is positioned such that the smooth cylindrical section 124 rests within the threaded gap 138 and the lower section 128 of the adjustment block 122 is disposed within a channel 144 formed between (and extending slightly beyond) third and fourth walls 146, 148 which extend perpendicularly from the first and second walls 140, 142, respectively, albeit at a shorter height (see also FIGS. 15-16). The set screw 136 may then be rotationally introduced into the threaded gap 138 and tightened until a desired friction is established with the smooth cylindrical section 124 of the shaft 120 extending from the threaded thumbwheel 86. With the bell crank 96 thereafter mounted within the bearing housing 90, the thumbwheel 86 may be rotated in either direction to move the adjustment block 122 within the channel 144. During this travel, the upper section 130 of the adjustment block 122 is guided by a fifth wall 150 extending at an angle from the right side of the bearing housing 90 (FIG. 10), with the same approximate height as first and second walls 140, 142. The second wall 142 includes generally cylindrical tuning stop 152 dimensioned to be a point of contact for the extension arm 106 of the bell crank 96 during rotation when the lever assembly 12 is use pitch changing according to the present invention. The tuning stop 152 (also known as fixed tuning stop 152) may be of manufactured from any of a variety of suitable materials, including plastic to avoid generating noise from said contact during use that may otherwise occur with metal-on-metal contact.
[0066] In use, the rotational motion of the extension arm 106 of the bell crank 96 is limited in its extremes by the fixed tuning stop 152 and the movable tuning stop 134. The rotational range of the movable tuning stop 134 may be adjusted by rotating the thumbwheel 86. The thumb.sup.-wheel 86 may be any suitable material, such as stainless steel, and have a head diameter large enough for the thumbwheel shaft 120 to be mounted on the inner surface of the mounting plate 80 but project enough of the thumbwheel through the aperture (FIG. 16) to the outer surface of the mounting plate 80 so as to be easily adjustable from the outside of said mounting plate 80 (FIGS. 8-9).
[0067] The rotational. movement of the extension arm 06 of the bell crank 96 is transferred to the cable assembly 28 of the lever tensioning system 18 by virtue of a screw 154 which serves as an attachment point for the cable assembly 28. The screw 154 is threadably engaged within one of the plurality of threaded apertures 108 disposed along the extension arm 106. In this embodiment, the screw 154 is a machine screw with a head that retains the upper loop 36 of the cable assembly 28. An optional washer 156 (nylon or metal) may be used with the screw 154 to serve as an axle about which the upper loop 36 of the cable assembly 28 may be retained and rotate. Although shown as a cable, it will be appreciated that any suitable component may be used to create this mechanical connection between the extension arm 106 and the lever tensioning system 18, including but not limited to a pull rod, cord, wire or any other means of conveyance of the rotational product of the user's motion to the string finger of the saddle assembly to which the selected pitch bending string is connected.
[0068] The saddle assembly 14 will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 17-20. The saddle assembly 14 includes a mounting plate 160 (FIGS. 17A-17B) configured to be secured to the bridge area on the front of the body 6, a plurality of standard saddle assemblies 162, and the saddle finger assembly 22 of the present invention. The mounting plate 160 includes a plurality of string holes 164 dimensioned to pass strings upwards from the apertures 66 extending from the back of the guitar 4 (FIG. 2) or through the back wall or base of the mounting plate 160, as well as first and second elongated slots 166, 168 formed adjacent to (and leading away from) the string holes 164 associated with the B-string and G-string of the guitar 4.
[0069] The rotating saddle assembly 22 (FIGS. 18-19) includes a saddle block 180 and rotating saddle 182 (FIG. 20). The saddle block 180 includes static string saddle 184 and a hinge block 186 for hingedly receiving the rotating saddle 182 to selectively string bend to accomplish pitch-changing according to the present invention. The saddle block 180 may be height adjusted relative to the mounting plate 160 for string action adjustment via the use of set screws threadably engaged within threaded bores 188, 190 formed in the static string saddle 184 and hinge block 186, respectively. The saddle block 180 may be longitudinally adjusted relative to the mounting plate 160 for intonation adjustment via the use of an adjustment screw 192 threadably engaged within a threaded bore 194 formed in the hinge block 186. The hinge block 186 includes a first wall section 175, a second wall section 177 spaced apart from and parallel to the first wall section 175 to define a rotation gap 179 therebetween dimensioned to receive the rotating saddle 182, and a side groove 181 extending vertically between upper and lower surfaces of the second wall section 177.
[0070] The side groove 181 includes a pair of horizontal bores 183a, 185aextending perpendicularly through the second wail section. 177. The horizontal bores 183a, 185a are co-aligned with a pair of horizontal bores 183b, 185b (not shown) extending into a first wall section 175 of the hinge block 186. The horizontal bores 183, 185 are dimensioned to slidably receive a. hinge pin 200 (FIG. 19) dimensioned to pass through a hinge bore 187 formed horizontally through the rotating saddle 182 for the purpose of hingedly coupling the rotating saddle 182 within the rotation gap 179. Depending upon the orientation of the rotating saddle assembly 22 (e.g. for pitch changing the G-string or B-string on a guitar), the horizontal bores 183a, 183b may be higher or lower than the horizontal bores 185a, 185b (not shown). In either instance, the rotating saddle 182 will always be configured within the rotation gap 179 such that the hinge pin 200 extends through the lower pair of the horizontal bores 183, 185.
[0071] As best shown in FIG. 20, the rotating saddle 182 includes an upper section 202 and an extension arm 198 extending from the upper section 202, (Note that FIGS. 18-19 show the rotating saddle 182 with only a portion of the extension arm 198, while in use the rotating saddle 182 is shown fully in FIG. 20). The upper section 202 is hingedly coupled within the hinge block 186 via the hinge pin 200 that extends through the hinge bore 187 (FIG. 19). The hinge pin 200 may be of any suitable material, including stainless steel, but could also be a screw or hook may of any suitable material. The upper section 202 includes a string bore 206 extending longitudinally between first and second ends of the upper section 202 and a generally concave surface 208 at the first end to retain a typical ball end string termination. The extension arm 198 extends generally perpendicularly away from the lower surface of the upper section 202 of the rotating saddle 182.
[0072] When the saddle block 180 is mounted to the mounting plate 160, the extension arm 198 will be positioned within one of the elongated slots 166, 168 formed in the mounting plate 160, for example the elongated slot 166 for the G-string as shown FIG. 17, to cooperate with the swing plate assembly 16 as will be described below. To mount a string for pitch changing, the straight end of the string must be passed into the opening of the string bore 206 at the first end of the upper section 202, out the opening of the string bore 206 at the second end of the upper section 202, and then over the upper surface of the upper section 202 until the ball-end of the string rests against the concave end surface 208. The straight end of the string may be secured to the tuning machine and tuned as is well known in the art. The extension arm 198 may be a separate component or integrally formed as part of the rotating saddle 182. If separate, the extension arm 198 may be mounted to the upper section 202 in any known manner, such as via advancing an end of the extension arm 198 into a bore formed within the lower surface of the upper section 202 and affixing through the use of glue, welding, threads, etc. . . . If integral (as shown in FIG. 20), the extension arm 198 and rotating saddle 182 may be manufactured as a single article via machining, injection molding, 3D printing, etc. . . .
[0073] The pitch changer system 10 of the present invention boasts the ability to quickly and easily reverse the rotating saddle 182 within the hinge block 186 for the purpose of pitch changing multiple strings, such as (by way of example only) the G string and B string. To pitch change the G-string, the rotating saddle 182 will be positioned as shown in FIG. 17A, with the extension arm 198 and lower section 204 extending through elongated aperture 166 in the mounting plate 160. To reverse for 13-bending, the rotating saddle 182 will be removed from the mounting plate 160 (by removing screw 192), at which point the hinge pin 200 may be removed (e.g. via needle-nose pliers) such that the rotating saddle 182 can be separated from the hinge block 186. To reverse the orientation of the rotating saddle 182, the saddle block 180 must be rotated 180 degrees and the rotating saddle 182 positioned within the hinge block 186 such that the hinge pin 200 may be introduced into the lower of the horizontal bores 183, 185 to hingedly couple the rotating saddle 182 to the hinge block 186 within the rotation gap 179.
[0074] The saddle block 180 includes asymmetrical string length compensation when the saddle block 180 is reversed according to an aspect of the present invention. More specifically, the static saddle 184 includes a first static saddle region located on a first surface that defines a first string intonation location when the static saddle 184 is in a first orientation with the rotating saddle 182 positioned within a first slot in the mounting plate, as well as a second static saddle region located on a second surface (opposite from the first surface) that defines a second string intonation location when in a second orientation (e.g. when the saddle block 180 is reversed and the rotating saddle 182 is positioned within a second slot adjacent to the first slot in the mounting plate. In one exemplary embodiment, the first string intonation location is to intonate a G-string on a guitar and the second string intonation is to intonate a B-string on a guitar. Upon. reversal of the rotating saddle assembly 22, this advantageously provides automatic string length compensation by: a) automatically positioning the first string intonation location of the static saddle 184 of the rotating saddle assembly 22 for engagement with the G-string on a guitar when the rotating saddle member 182 is coupled for temporary pitch changing on the 13-string of the guitar; and b) automatically positioning the second string intonation location of the static saddle 184 of the rotating saddle assembly 22 for engagement with the B-string on a guitar when the rotating saddle member 182 is coupled for temporary pitch changing on the G-string of the guitar.
[0075] To retain the height adjustability, the set screws must be removed and re-introduced vertically downward into the threaded bores 188, 190 formed in the static string saddle 184 and hinge block 186, respectively. With the rotating saddle 182 now reversed relative to the hinge block 186, and the saddle block 180 equipped to height-adjust in the new orientation, the saddle block 180 may be re-mounted to the plate 160 such that the extension arm 198 extends through the elongated aperture 168. The string may be replaced such that the B-string is coupled to the upper section 202 of the rotating saddle 182 in the manner described above and the high E string is strung over the static saddle 184.
[0076] By combining the static saddle 184 and the rotating saddle 182 on one assembly, the string force of the static saddle 184 helps create contact between the height adjustment screw of the rotating saddle 182 and the bridge mounting plate (now shown). A single screw is used for string length compensation adjustment to allow simultaneous adjustment of both static saddle 184 and the rotating saddle 182. The string length compensation adjustment screw hole 194 also includes an. offset angle to compensate for asymmetrical string force on the combination of the static saddle 184 and the rotating saddle 182.
[0077] The swing plate assembly 16 will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 21-23. The swing plate assembly 16 includes the swing plate 26 hingedly coupled to the hinge base 24 via a hinge pin 170 that passes longitudinally through bores 172, 174 in the hinge base 24 and bore 176 in the swing plate 26 when coaligned. The hinge base 24 may be made of any suitable material, including but not limited to acetal plastic to reduce friction. The swing plate 26 can be made of any suitable material, including but not limited to metal, plastic or other material suitable to achieve the desired function. The hinge base 24 is mounted within recess 54a of FIG. 6 to be substantially flush and parallel with the top surface of the body 6 and located under mounting plate 160 of the saddle assembly 14. To do so, mounting screws 178 may be passed vertically into the body 6 to fix the hinge base 24 in position during use, It will be appreciated, however, that the hinge base 24 may alternatively be mounted above or below the surface of the body 6 or to the mounting plate 160 itself. The swing plate 26 may or may not have an attitude offset (not shown) to compensate for the correction in string length necessary for a change in the selected activated pitch bending string.
[0078] The swing plate 26 extends generally downward from the hinge base 24 into the recess 54b of FIG. 6 and includes an elongated gap 210 that defines first and second leg portions 212, 214. The first and second leg portions 212, 214 are generally planar and function as contact regions for the extension arm 198 of the rotating saddle 182 during use, as will be described below. The elongated gap 210 is dimensioned to engage the upper coupler 42 of the lever tensioning system 18 for the purpose of subjecting the swing plate 26 to the spring tension from the spring 40 during use. More specifically, with reference to FIGS. 24A-24D, the upper coupler 42 of the lever tensioning assembly 18 includes a tip region 216 extending from a generally cylindrical base region 218. The tip region 216 is generally planar and includes an aperture 220 for coupled engagement with the lower loop 38 of the cable assembly 28. The planar nature of the tip region 216 fits through the slot 210 in swing plate 26 in such a way as to prevent the upper couple 42 of spring assembly 18 from rotating when the adjustment screw 48 is turned clockwise or counter-clockwise to tighten. or loosen the spring assembly tension on the cable 34 and thus on the lever assembly 12. While shown in FIGS. 24A-24C with a smooth exterior, as shown in FIG. 24D the base region 218 may be configured with threads to engage within the spring 40 for the purpose of coupling the base region 218 to the spring 40. The base region 218 may also have a threaded interior hole that can accept a threaded rod that then engages with another insert 44 in the upper end of the spring 40. The tip region 216 extends in a generally parallel manner through the elongated gap 210 of the swing plate 26 such that the lower loop 38 of the cable assembly 28 is positioned on the front side of the swing plate 26 while the base region 218 is positioned on the back side of the swing plate 26. The upper coupler 42 may be constructed from any of a variety of suitable materials, including but not limited to plastic or metal,
[0079] When the lever tensioning system 18 is fully assembled, the upper loop 36 of he cable assembly 28 is coupled to the extension arm 106 of the bell crank 96 of the lever assembly 12, the lower loop 38 is coupled to the upper coupler 42 of the spring assembly 30, and the adjustment screw 48 of the spring adjustment assembly 32 is threadably engaged within the lower coupler 44 of the spring assembly 30. In this configuration, any rotational movement of the lever 20 will cause the spring 40 to stretch and elongate within the, lower longitudinal bore 56 within the body 6, which in turn forces the swing plate 26 to rotate about hinge pin 170. :Due to the physical contact between the extension arm 198 of the rotating saddle 182 and a select leg portion 212, 214 of the swing plate 26, this rotation of the swing plate 26 causes the rotating saddle 182 to rotate about the hinge pin 200 in the saddle block 180. Rotation of the rotating saddle 182, in turn, causes the string passing over the upper surface of the upper section 202 to increase in length and thereby changes the pitch until rotational force is removed from the lever 20. With rotational force removed from the lever 20 (such as by allowing the guitar strap to go lax or tipping the neck of the guitar up), the tension of the spring 40 causes it to shorten so the swing plate 26 (engaged with the upper coupler 42 that is attached to the spring 40) returns to its normal state extending perpendicularly downward from the hinge base 24, which in turn allows the saddle finger assembly 22 to rotate back to its normal-tuning state under the tension of the string.
[0080] A variety of drawings with exemplary designs are provided as follows: FIG. 25—Mounting plate 80; FIGS. 26-28—lever assembly 12; FIGS. 29-30—lever 20; FIGS. 31-32—bell crank 96; FIGS. 33-34 thumbwheel 86 and shaft 120 of the rotation adjustment assembly 94; FIGS. 35-36—adjustment block 122 of the rotation adjustment assembly 94; FIG. 37—saddle assembly 14; FIG. 38—rotating saddle 182; FIG. 39—saddle block 180; FIG. 40—swing plate 26; and FIG. 41—hinge base 24. It will be appreciated that the components set forth in FIGS. 25-41 may have any of a variety of suitable dimensions and that any or all of the components forming the pitch changer system 10 of the present invention may he modified without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0081] For example, as set forth in FIGS. 42A-42D, an alternative version of the saddle block 180 of the rotating saddle assembly 22 may be provided, denoted with primes for clarity of explanation as follows. The saddle block 180 of FIGS. 18-19 is preferably designed for a Fender Telecaster, while the saddle block 180′ of FIGS. 42A-42D is preferably designed for a Fender Stratocaster. The saddle block 180′ includes static string saddle 184′ and a hinge block 186′ for hingedly receiving the rotating saddle 182 (FIG. 20) to selectively string bend to accomplish pitch-changing according to the present invention. The saddle block 180′ may be height adjusted relative to the mounting plate (not shown) for string action adjustment via the use of set screws threadably engaged within threaded bores 188′, 190′ formed in the static string saddle 184′ and hinge block 186′, respectively. The saddle block 180′ may be longitudinally adjusted relative to the mounting plate (not shown) for intonation adjustment via the use of an adjustment screw 192′ threadably engaged within a threaded bore 194′ formed in the hinge block 1.86′. The hinge block 186′ includes a first wall section 175′, a second wall section 177′ spaced apart from and parallel to the first wall section 175′ to define a rotation gap 179′ therebetween dimensioned to receive the rotating saddle 182 (FIG. 20), and a side groove 181′ extending vertically between upper and lower surfaces of the second wall section 177′.
[0082] The side groove 181′ includes a pair of horizontal bores 183a′, 185a′ extending perpendicularly through the second wall section 177′. The horizontal bores 183a′, 185a′ are co-aligned with a pair of horizontal bores 183b′, 185b′ (not shown) extending into a first wall section 175′ of the hinge block 186′. The horizontal bores 183′, 185′ are dimensioned to slidably receive the hinge pin 200 (FIG. 19) dimensioned to pass through the hinge bore 187 formed horizontally through the rotating saddle 182 for the purpose of hingedly coupling the rotating saddle 182 within the rotation gap 179′. Depending upon the orientation of the rotating saddle assembly 22 (e.g. for pitch changing the G-string or B-string on a guitar), the horizontal bores 183a′, 183b′ may be higher or lower than the horizontal bores 185a′, 185b′ (not shown). In either instance, the rotating saddle 182 will always be configured within the rotation gap 179′ such that the hinge pin 200 extends through the lower pair of the horizontal bores 183′, 185′.
[0083] As with the embodiment of FIGS. 17-19 (Fender Telecaster), the pitch changer system 10 of the present invention utilizing the alt rate saddle block 180′ of FIGS. 42A-42D (Fender Stratocaster) boasts the ability to quickly arid easily reverse the rotating saddle 182 within the saddle block 180′ for the purpose of pitch changing multiple strings, such as (by way of example only) the G string and B string. To pitch change the G-string, the rotating saddle 182 will be positioned with the extension arm 198 extending through an elongated aperture adjacent the G-string in the mounting plate (not shown). To reverse for B-bending, the rotating saddle 182 will be removed from the mounting plate, at which point the hinge pin 200 may be removed (e.g., via needle-nose pliers) such that the rotating saddle 182 can be separated from the hinge block 186′. To reverse the orientation of the rotating saddle 182, the saddle block 180′ must be rotated 180 degrees and the rotating saddle 182 positioned within the hinge block 186′ such that the hinge pin 200 may be introduced into the lower of the horizontal bores 183′, 185′ to hingedly couple the rotating saddle 182 to the hinge block 186′ within the rotation gap 179′.
[0084] The saddle block 180′ includes asymmetrical string length compensation when the saddle block 180′ is reversed according to an aspect of the present invention.. More specifically, the static saddle 184′ includes a first static saddle region 197′ located on a first surface that defines a first string intonation location when the static saddle 184′ is in a first orientation with the rotating saddle 182 positioned within a first slot in the mounting plate (not shown), as well as a second static saddle region 199′ located on a second surface (opposite from the first surface) that defines a second string intonation location when in a second orientation (e,g. when the saddle block 180′ is reversed and the rotating saddle 182 is positioned within a second slot adjacent to the first slot in the mounting plate (not shown), In one exemplary embodiment, the first string intonation location s to intonate a G-string on a guitar and the second string intonation is to intonate a B-string on a guitar. Upon reversal of the rotating saddle assembly 22, this advantageously provides automatic string length compensation by: a) automatically positioning the first string intonation location 197′ of the static saddle 184′ of the rotating saddle assembly 22 for engagement with the G-string on a guitar when the rotating saddle member 182 is coupled for temporary pitch changing on the B-string of the guitar; and b) automatically positioning the second string intonation location 199′ of the static saddle 184 of the rotating saddle assembly 22 for engagement with the B-string on a guitar when the rotating saddle member 182 is coupled for temporary pitch changing on the G-string of the guitar.
[0085] To retain the height adjustability, the set screws must be removed and re-introduced vertically downward into the threaded bores 188′, 190′ formed in the static string saddle 184′ and hinge block 186′, respectively. With the rotating saddle 182 now reversed relative to the hinge block 186′, and the saddle block 180′ equipped to height-adjust in the new orientation, the saddle block 180′ may be re-mounted to the mounting plate such that the extension arm 198 extends through the elongated aperture adjacent to the B-string. The string may be replaced such that the B-string is coupled to the upper section 202 of the rotating saddle 182 in the manner described above and the high E string is strung over the static saddle 184′.
[0086] By combining the static saddle 184′ and the rotating saddle 182 on one assembly, the string force of the static saddle 184′ helps create contact between the height adjustment screw of the rotating saddle 182 and the bridge mounting plate (now shown). A single screw is used for string length compensation adjustment to allow simultaneous adjustment of both static saddle 184′ and the rotating saddle 182. The string length compensation adjustment screw hole 194′ also includes an offset angle to compensate for asymmetrical string force on the combination of the static saddle 184′ and the rotating saddle 182.
[0087] Any of the features or attributes of the above the above described embodiments and variations can be used in combination with any of the other features and attributes of the above described embodiments and variations as desired. From the foregoing disclosure and detailed description of certain preferred embodiments, it is also apparent that various modifications, additions and other alternative embodiments are possible without departing from the true scope and spirit. The embodiments discussed were chosen and described to provide the best illustration of the principles of the present invention and its practical application to thereby enable one of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. All such modifications and variations are within the scope of the present invention as determined by the appended claims when interpreted in accordance with. the benefit to which they are fairly, legally, and equitably entitled.
