Abstract
Proposed is an excavating apparatus including a lower arm having a width that is gradually increased from one end to the other end, and a fixing hole formed in the outer peripheral surface at the other end, a rotational arm stand which is located on the other end of the lower arm, is formed in a disc shape, and is rotatably fixed to the lower arm, an upper arm which is fixed to the rotational arm stand, and has a guide hole in the outer peripheral surface thereof, a center joint which is surrounded by the lower arm, the rotational arm stand, and the upper arm, and is exposed to outside via the fixing hole of the lower arm and the guide hole of the upper arm, and a slip ring which is inserted into or separated from the center joint via the guide hole of the upper arm.
Claims
1. An excavating apparatus, comprising: a lower arm having a width that gradually increases from a first end to a second end and a fixing hole on an outer peripheral surface at the second end; a rotational arm stand located on the second end of the lower arm, having a disc shape, and rotationally fixed to the lower arm; an upper arm located on the rotational arm stand to be fixed to the rotational arm stand, and having a guide hole in an outer peripheral surface thereof on the rotational arm stand; a center joint which is surrounded by the lower arm, the rotational arm stand, and the upper arm, and is exposed to outside via the fixing hole of the lower arm and the guide hole of the upper arm; and a slip ring which is inserted into or separated from the center joint via the guide hole of the upper arm, wherein, in appearance, a width of a central space between the upper arm and the center joint is larger than diameters of two hydraulic lines based on a top of the center joint in the guide hole of the upper arm.
2. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotational arm stand comprises: a lower rotary table and an upper rotary table, which are sequentially stacked on the lower arm; and a drive motor part that rotates the lower rotary table relative to the upper rotary table, wherein the rotational arm stand is coupled to the lower arm and the upper arm by means of the lower rotary table and the upper rotary table, respectively.
3. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the lower arm has a seating hole on a surface perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the lower arm, and when the rotational arm stand has the lower rotary table and the upper rotary table, which are sequentially stacked, and a through hole passing through central areas of the lower rotary table and the upper rotary table, the center joint includes: a joint housing inserted into the seating hole in the lower arm and fixed to the lower rotary table of the rotational arm stand; and a joint shaft inserted into the joint housing, rotating relative to the joint housing, and protruding toward the upper arm via the through hole of the rotational arm stand.
4. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the slip ring comprises: a fixing part located on an outside of the center joint; a rotary part inserted into the fixing part, located on the outside of the center joint, and rotating relative to the fixing part; an input end starting from the rotary part and extending toward a first side of the rotary part; and an output end starting from the rotary part and extending toward a second side of the rotary part.
5. The excavating apparatus of claim 4, wherein when the center joint has a joint housing and a joint shaft inserted into the joint housing, and when the slip ring is inserted into the joint housing and the joint shaft while separated from the center joint, the output end of the slip ring is inserted into the guide hole of the upper arm, passes sequentially through the joint shaft and joint housing, is exposed to the fixing hole of the lower arm, and is then pulled toward the outside from the fixing hole of the lower arm, the fixing part and the rotary part of the slip ring are partially inserted into the joint shaft while being drawn toward the guide hole in the upper arm during the pulling of the output end, and the input end of the slip ring is drawn along with the fixing part and the rotary part towards the guide hole in the upper arm during the pulling of the output end, and extends toward the outside starting from the rotary part past the guide hole in the upper arm.
6. The excavating apparatus of claim 4, wherein when the center joint has a joint housing and a joint shaft inserted into the joint housing, and when the slip ring is separated from the joint housing and the joint shaft while coupled to the center joint, the input end of the slip ring is pulled toward the outside from the guide hole in the upper arm, the fixing part and the rotary part of the slip ring are separated from the joint shaft and are drawn toward the outside from the guide hole in the upper arm during the pulling of the input end, and the output end of the slip ring sequentially passes through the joint housing and the joint shaft and is spaced apart from the joint shaft during the pulling of the input end.
7. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a segment cover on the guide hole of the upper arm, wherein the upper arm comprises: a rounded peripheral part on the center joint in the guide hole of the upper arm; and a plurality of coupling rings located on the rounded peripheral part, and the segment cover comprises coupling holes and screw members aligned with the coupling rings on the rounded peripheral part, and the segment cover is screw-coupled to the upper arm by inserting each screw member into each coupling hole of the segment cover and each coupling ring of the rounded peripheral part.
8. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a segment cover on the guide hole of the upper arm, wherein the upper arm comprises: a rounded peripheral part on the center joint in the guide hole of the upper arm; and a plurality of fitting grooves located on the rounded peripheral part, and the segment cover comprises fitting protrusions aligned with the fitting grooves on the rounded peripheral part, and the segment cover is fitted and coupled to the upper arm by inserting the fitting protrusions thereof into the fitting grooves of the rounded peripheral part.
9. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a segment cover on the guide hole of the upper arm, wherein the upper arm comprises: a rounded peripheral part on the center joint in the guide hole of the upper arm; and two auxiliary hinges on the rounded peripheral part, and the segment cover comprises a main hinge and a hinge pin both of which are aligned with two auxiliary hinges on the rounded peripheral part, and the segment cover is hinge-coupled to the upper arm by inserting the hinge pin into the individual auxiliary hinges of the rounded peripheral part and the main hinge of the segment cover.
10. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a segment cover on the guide hole of the upper arm, wherein the upper arm comprises: a rounded peripheral part on the center joint in the guide hole of the upper arm; two auxiliary hinges located in a central area of the rounded peripheral part; and two magnets respectively located on opposite edges of the rounded peripheral part, and the segment cover comprises a main hinge and a hinge pin both of which are aligned with the two auxiliary hinges on the rounded peripheral part, and the segment cover is hinge-coupled to the upper arm and is attracted to a magnetic force of the individual magnets on the rounded peripheral part by inserting the hinge pin into the individual auxiliary hinges of the rounded peripheral part and the main hinge of the segment cover.
11. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the upper arm has a rounded peripheral part positioned on the center joint in a guide hole on a first side of the upper arm and has an angled peripheral part located on the center joint in a guide hole on a second side of the upper arm, the guide hole of the rounded peripheral part is opened larger in the upper arm than the guide hole of the angled peripheral part between the center joint and the upper arm based on a top of the center joint.
12. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the upper arm has a rounded peripheral part positioned on the center joint in a guide hole on a first side of the upper arm and has an angled peripheral part located on the center joint in a guide hole on a second side of the upper arm, the rounded peripheral part is positioned deeper than the angled peripheral part in the upper arm based on a top of the center joint and has a curvature same as that of a ceiling facing the center joint.
13. The excavating apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a bucket cylinder and a clamp cylinder, each located on a first side and a second side of the lower arm and rotationally fixed to the second end of the lower arm; a link structure located at the first end of the lower arm and rotationally fixed to the lower arm and the bucket cylinder; a tilt link located below the link structure and rotationally fixed to the link structure; a bucket rotationally fixed to the tilt link below the tilt link; and a clamp located at the first end of the lower arm and rotationally fixed to the lower arm and the clamp cylinder.
14. An excavating apparatus, comprising: a bucket, a lower arm, a rotational arm stand, an upper arm, and a boom, which are sequentially arranged toward a cab and rotated with respect to each other at a work site; and a bucket cylinder and an arm cylinder located around the lower arm and the boom and rotationally coupled to the bucket and the upper arm, respectively, wherein when the upper arm has a boom coupling hole part and an arm cylinder coupling hole part, which are sequentially positioned on the rotational arm stand, the lower arm is located on a central axis of the upper arm, which passes perpendicularly through the arm cylinder coupling hole part of the upper arm and overlaps more than half a length of the lower arm; the upper arm protrudes the boom coupling hole part further than the rotational arm stand toward a side of the upper arm just above the rotational arm stand; and the bucket cylinder is rotatably attached to the lower arm by means of opposite sides of the bucket cylinder.
15. The excavating apparatus of claim 14, wherein when a multi-joint link is provided between the bucket, the lower arm, and the bucket cylinder, the lower arm is sequentially axially coupled to the bucket and the multi-joint link along a longitudinal direction of the lower arm right next to the central axis of the upper arm.
16. The excavating apparatus of claim 14, wherein the bucket cylinder comprises a rod, a piston, and a cylinder, wherein the cylinder comprises: a head cover located directly below the rotational arm stand; a tube coupled to the head cover; a rod cover coupled to the tube on an opposite side of the head cover; and a hanger for rotationally coupling the tube to the lower arm, wherein the rod is located on an inside and an outside of the tube, is surrounded by the rod cover, and moves relative to the cylinder whereas the piston is located on the inside of the tube and moves together with the rod.
17. The excavating apparatus of claim 16, wherein when a multi-joint link is provided that is located across opposite sides of the lower arm and axially coupled to the lower arm, the rod is axially coupled with the multi-joint link and is minimally exposed from the rod cover around the lower arm so as to move away from the central axis of the upper arm together with the multi-joint link or is maximally exposed from the rod cover so as to approach the central axis of the upper arm together with the multi-joint link.
18. The excavating apparatus of claim 16, wherein when the rod is minimally exposed from the rod cover, the rod, the rod cover, the tube, and the head cover gradually move away from the central axis of the upper arm in an order of the rod, the rod cover, the tube, and the head cover while spacing the rod from the central axis of the upper arm.
19. The excavating apparatus of claim 16, wherein when the rod is maximally exposed from the rod cover, the rod, the rod cover, the tube, and the head cover gradually move away from the central axis of the upper arm in an order of the rod cover, the rod, the rod cover, the tube, and the head cover while positioning the rod on the central axis of the upper arm.
20. The excavating apparatus of claim 16, wherein when the lower arm has a bracket on each side of the tube, the hanger comprises: a support part that has a cylindrical protrusion piece surrounding the tube and extending toward the bracket; and a locking part that curvedly surrounds the protrusion piece together with the bracket on the bracket and is screw-coupled with the bracket.
21. The excavating apparatus of claim 16, wherein when the rod is minimally exposed from the rod cover, a multi-joint link rotationally coupled to the bucket, the lower arm, and the bucket cylinder is provided, wherein the multi-joint link is axially coupled to the lower arm right next to the central axis of the upper arm, is further away from the bucket than the lower arm from the central axis of the upper arm to be axially coupled to the bucket, and is further away from the bucket cylinder than the bucket from the central axis of the upper arm to be axially coupled to the rod of the bucket cylinder.
22. The excavating apparatus of claim 16, wherein when the rod is maximally exposed from the rod cover, a multi-joint link rotationally coupled to the bucket, the lower arm, and the bucket cylinder is provided, wherein the multi-joint link is located across left and right sides of the central axis of the upper arm right next to the central axis of the upper arm to be axially coupled to the lower arm and the rod, and is further away from the bucket than the lower arm from the central axis of the upper arm to be axially coupled to the bucket.
23. The excavating apparatus of claim 14, wherein the rotational arm stand has a lower rotary table and an upper rotary table, which are sequentially stacked between the lower arm and the upper arm, respectively fixes the lower rotary table and the upper rotary table to the lower arm and the upper arm, rotates the lower rotary table relative to the upper rotary table, and has a center joint that passes through the lower rotary table and the upper rotary table together with the lower arm, wherein the center joint is located on the central axis of the upper arm.
24. The excavating apparatus of claim 14, wherein when the upper arm has a slip entry/exit hole part, the boom coupling hole part, and the arm cylinder coupling hole part on lower, middle, and upper sides of the upper arm, and when the lower arm and the rotational arm stand have the center joint on the central axis of the upper arm, the slip entry/exit hole part of the upper arm exposes the center joint to an outside on the central axis of the upper arm to induce a coupling of a slip to the center joint or separation of the slip from the center joint.
25. The excavating apparatus of claim 14, wherein when the upper arm has a slip entry/exit hole part, the boom coupling hole part, and the arm cylinder coupling hole part on lower, middle, and upper sides of the upper arm, the slip entry/exit hole part of the upper arm is located on the central axis of the upper arm and is located at a level same as that of the boom coupling hole part in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the upper arm.
26. The excavating apparatus of claim 14, wherein when the upper arm has a slip entry/exit hole part, the boom coupling hole part, and the arm cylinder coupling hole part on lower, middle, and upper sides of the upper arm, the slip entry/exit hole part and the arm cylinder coupling hole part of the upper arm are located on the central axis of the upper arm.
27. The excavating apparatus of claim 14, wherein when a rotary link coupled to the bucket and the lower arm, the bucket cylinder located on a first side of the lower arm and coupled to the lower arm, a clamp cylinder located on a second side of the lower arm and coupled to the lower arm, a clamp located at an end of the lower arm and coupled to the lower arm, and a multi-joint link coupled to the lower arm, the rotary link, and the bucket cylinder are provided, the bucket and the rotary link rotate around the central axis of the upper arm due to retraction or extension of the multi-joint link according to an operation of the bucket cylinder, whereas the clamp is axially coupled to the lower arm near the central axis of the upper arm, and moves relative to the lower arm to rotate up and down according to an operation of the clamp cylinder.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0061] FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first excavator according to the related art;
[0062] FIG. 2 is an image showing the coupling relationship between a center joint and a slip ring in the first excavator of FIG. 1;
[0063] FIG. 3 is an image showing the center joint (slip ring not shown) located on a lower rotary arm, a rotary driver, and an upper rotary arm in the first excavator of FIG. 1;
[0064] FIG. 4 is a side view showing a second excavator according to an embodiment of the related art;
[0065] FIG. 5 is a side view showing a third excavator according to another embodiment of the related art;
[0066] FIG. 6 is a side view schematically showing a bucket cylinder in the third excavator of FIG. 5;
[0067] FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the operation of the third excavator of FIG. 5;
[0068] FIG. 8 is a side view partially showing a first excavating apparatus according to the present disclosure;
[0069] FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view partially showing the first excavating apparatus of FIG. 8;
[0070] FIG. 10 is an enlarged image showing a center joint located on a lower arm, a drive motor part, and an upper arm in the first excavating apparatus of FIG. 8 by region;
[0071] FIG. 11 is an image showing the positional relationship between the upper arm and the center joint of FIG. 10;
[0072] FIG. 12 is an image showing a segment cover positioned on the upper arm of FIG. 11;
[0073] FIG. 13 shows a first modification of the upper arm and fragment cover of FIG. 12;
[0074] FIG. 14 shows a second modification of the upper arm and fragment cover of FIG. 12;
[0075] FIG. 15 shows a third modification of the upper arm and the segment cover of FIG. 12;
[0076] FIG. 16 is a side view showing a second excavating apparatus according to the present disclosure;
[0077] FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged side view of the second excavating apparatus of FIG. 16;
[0078] FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of the second excavating apparatus of FIG. 16;
[0079] FIG. 19 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a bucket cylinder of FIG. 18;
[0080] FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the maximum exposed rod from a cylinder in the bucket cylinder of FIG. 19;
[0081] FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing the minimum exposed rod from a cylinder in the bucket cylinder of FIG. 19; and
[0082] FIG. 22 is a side view showing a rotary link, a clamp, and a clamp cylinder additionally mounted on the second excavating apparatus of FIG. 16.
MODE FOR INVENTION
[0083] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings in order to enable those skilled in the art to easily practice the present disclosure.
[0084] FIG. 8 is a side view partially showing a first excavating apparatus according to the present disclosure, FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view partially showing the first excavating apparatus of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged image showing a center joint located on a lower arm, a drive motor part, and an upper arm in the first excavating apparatus of FIG. 8 by region.
[0085] FIG. 11 is an image showing the positional relationship between the upper arm and the center joint of FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is an image showing a segment cover positioned on the upper arm of FIG. 11.
[0086] In this case, FIGS. 8 to 12, together with FIGS. 13 to 15 below, show an improved configuration of the first excavator of FIGS. 1 to 3.
[0087] Referring to FIGS. 8 to 12, a first excavating apparatus 410 includes a lower arm 210, a rotational arm stand 230, an upper arm 250, a center joint 270 and a slip ring 289 as shown in FIG. 8. When viewed schematically, the lower arm 210 has a width that gradually increases from one end to the other end and has a fixing hole 208 on the outer peripheral surface at the other end thereof as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10.
[0088] The rotational arm stand 230 is located on the other end of the lower arm 210, has a disk shape, and is rotationally fixed to the lower arm 210 as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. The upper arm 250 is located on the rotational arm stand 230, is fixed to the rotational arm stand 230, and has a guide hole 244 on the outer peripheral surface of the rotational arm stand 230 as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10.
[0089] The center joint 270 is surrounded by the lower arm 210, the rotational arm stand 230, and the upper arm 250, and is exposed to the outside through the fixing hole 208 of the lower arm 210 and the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250 as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. Referring to FIG. 10, the slip ring 289 is directly inserted into the center joint 270 from the outside through the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250 or is directly separated from the center joint 270 toward the outside.
[0090] The center joint 270 and the slip ring 289 have the same shape as the center joint 60 and the slip ring 80 in FIG. 2. At this time, referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, in appearance, the width of a central space between the upper arm 250 and the center joint 270 is larger than the diameters of two hydraulic lines E based on the top of the center joint 270 in the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250.
[0091] To be specific, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the rotational arm stand 230 includes a lower rotary table 223 and an upper rotary table 226 that are sequentially stacked on the lower arm 210, and a drive motor part 229 that rotates the lower rotary table 223 relative to the upper rotary table 226. The rotational arm stand 230 is coupled to the lower arm 210 and the upper arm 250 by means of the lower rotary table 223 and the upper rotary table 226, respectively.
[0092] When the lower arm 210 has a seating hole 204 on a surface perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lower arm 210 as shown in FIG. 9, and when the rotational arm stand 230 has the lower rotary table 223 and the upper rotary table 226, which are sequentially stacked, and a through hole 225 passing through central areas of the lower rotary table 223 and the upper rotary table 226 as shown in FIG. 9, the center joint 270 includes a joint housing 264 and a joint shaft 268 as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10.
[0093] Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the joint housing 264 is inserted into the seating hole 204 in the lower arm 210 and is fixed to the lower rotary table 223 of the rotational arm stand 230. Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the joint shaft 268 is inserted into the joint housing 264, rotates relative to the joint housing 264, and protrudes toward the upper arm 250 via the through hole 225 of the rotational arm stand 230.
[0094] Referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, the slip ring 289 includes: a fixing part 282 located outside the center joint 270; a rotary part 284 inserted into the fixing part 282, located outside the center joint 270, and rotating relative to the fixing part 282; an input end 286 starting from the rotary part 284 and extending toward one side of the rotary part 284; and an output end 288 starting from the rotary part 284 and extending toward the other side of the rotary part 284.
[0095] When the center joint 270 has the joint housing 264 and the joint shaft 268 inserted into the joint housing 264 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and when the slip ring 289 is inserted into the joint housing 264 and the joint shaft 268 while separated from the center joint 270 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the output end 288 of the slip ring 289 is, referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, inserted into the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250, passes sequentially through the joint shaft 268 and the joint housing 264, is exposed to the fixing hole 208 of the lower arm 210, and is then pulled outward from the fixing hole 208 of the lower arm 210.
[0096] In addition, referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, the fixing part 282 and the rotary part 284 of the slip ring 289 are partially inserted into the joint shaft 268 while being drawn toward the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250 during the pulling of the output end 288. Referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, the input end 286 of the slip ring 289 is drawn toward the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250 along with the fixing part 282 and the rotary part 284 during the pulling of the output end 288, and extends outward through the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250 starting from the rotary part 284.
[0097] On the other hand, when the center joint 270 has the joint housing 264 and the joint shaft 268 inserted into the joint housing 264 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and when the slip ring 289 is separated from the joint housing 264 and the joint shaft 268 while coupled to the center joint 270 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the input end 286 of the slip ring 289 is, referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, pulled outward from the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250.
[0098] In addition, referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, the fixing part 282 and the rotary part 284 of the slip ring 289 are separated from the joint shaft 268 during the pulling of the input end 286 and are drawn outward from the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250. Referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, the output end 288 of the slip ring 289 passes sequentially through the joint housing 264 and the joint shaft 268 and is spaced apart from the joint shaft 268 during the pulling of the input end 286.
[0099] Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, the first excavating apparatus 410 further includes a segment cover 300 on the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the upper arm 250 has a rounded peripheral part R on the center joint 270 in the guide hole 244 of the upper arm 250, and a plurality of coupling rings 242 located on the rounded peripheral part R. Referring to FIGS. 10 to 12, the segment cover 300 has a coupling hole 294 and a screw member 298 aligned with the coupling ring 242 of the rounded peripheral part R, and is screw-coupled to the upper arm 250 by inserting the screw member 298 into the coupling hole 294 of the segment cover 300 and the coupling ring 242 of the rounded peripheral part R.
[0100] Referring to FIGS. 8, 10, and 11, when the upper arm 250 has the rounded peripheral part R positioned on the center joint 270 in the guide hole 244 on one side of the upper arm 250 and has an angled peripheral part S located on the center joint 270 in a guide hole 248 on the other side of the upper arm 250, the guide hole 244 of the rounded peripheral part R is opened larger in the upper arm 250 than the guide hole 248 of the angled peripheral part S between the center joint 270 and the upper arm 250 based on the top of the center joint 270 as shown in FIGS. 8, 10, and 11.
[0101] In addition, referring to FIGS. 8, 10, and 11, when the upper arm 250 has the rounded peripheral part R positioned on the center joint 270 in the guide hole 244 on one side of the upper arm 250 and has the angled peripheral part S located on the center joint 270 in the guide hole 248 on the other side of the upper arm 250, the rounded peripheral part R is positioned deeper than the angled peripheral part S in the upper arm 250 based on the top of the center joint 270 and has the same curvature as a ceiling facing the center joint 270 as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
[0102] Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 8, the first excavating apparatus 410 further includes a bucket cylinder 350, a link structure 360, a tilt link 370, a bucket 380, a clamp cylinder 390, and a clamp 400. The bucket cylinder 350 and the clamp cylinder 390 are located on one side and the other side of the lower arm 210, respectively, and are rotationally fixed to the other end of the lower arm 210. The link structure 360 is located at one end of the lower arm 210 and is rotationally fixed to the lower arm 210 and the bucket cylinder 350.
[0103] In addition, the tilt link 370 is located below the link structure 360 and is rotationally fixed to the link structure 360. The bucket 380 is rotationally fixed to the tilt link 370 below the tilt link 370. The clamp 400 is located at one end of the lower arm 210 and is rotationally fixed to the lower arm 210 and the clamp cylinder 390.
[0104] FIG. 13 shows a first modification of the upper arm and fragment cover of FIG. 12.
[0105] Referring to FIG. 13, an upper arm 253 and a segment cover 320 according to the first modification of the present disclosure have a different structure from the upper arm 250 and the segment cover 300 of FIGS. 10 to 12. To be specific, the first excavating apparatus 410 further includes the segment cover 320 on a guide hole 249 of the upper arm 253.
[0106] Referring to FIGS. 11 and 13, the upper arm 253 has a rounded peripheral part R on a center joint 270 in the guide hole 249 of the upper arm 253, and a plurality of fitting grooves 244 located in the rounded peripheral part R. As shown in FIG. 9, the segment cover 320 has a fitting protrusion 315 that aligns with the fitting groove 244 of the rounded peripheral part R, and the fitting protrusion 315 of the segment cover 320 is inserted into the fitting groove 244 of the rounded peripheral part R so that the segment cover 320 is fitted and coupled to the upper arm 253.
[0107] FIG. 14 shows a second modification of the upper arm and fragment cover of FIG. 12.
[0108] Referring to FIG. 14, an upper arm 256 and a segment cover 340 according to the second modification of the present disclosure have a different structure from the upper arm 250 and the segment cover 300 of FIGS. 10 to 12. To be specific, the first excavating apparatus 410 further includes the segment cover 340 on a guide hole 249 of the upper arm 256.
[0109] Referring to FIGS. 11 and 14, the upper arm 256 has a rounded peripheral part R on a center joint 270 in the guide hole 249 of the upper arm 256, and two auxiliary hinges 246 on the rounded peripheral part R. As shown in FIG. 14, the segment cover 340 has a main hinge 334 and a hinge pin 338 aligned with two auxiliary hinges 246 on the rounded peripheral part R, and the hinge pin 338 is inserted into the individual auxiliary hinges 246 of the rounded peripheral part R and the main hinge 334 of the segment cover 340 so that the segment cover 340 is hinge-coupled to the upper arm 256.
[0110] That is, the segment cover 340 is hinge-coupled to the upper arm 256 and is rotationally R1 fixed to the upper arm 256.
[0111] FIG. 15 shows a third modification of the upper arm and the segment cover of FIG. 12.
[0112] Referring to FIG. 15, an upper arm 259 and a segment cover 340 according to the second modification of the present disclosure have a different structure from the upper arm 250 and the segment cover 300 of FIGS. 10 to 12. To be specific, the first excavating apparatus 410 further includes the segment cover 340 on a guide hole 249 of the upper arm 259.
[0113] Referring to FIGS. 11 and 15, the upper arm 259 has a rounded peripheral part R on a center joint 270 in the guide hole 249 of the upper arm 259, two auxiliary hinges 246 located in the central area of the rounded peripheral part R, and two magnets 247 located on opposite edges of the rounded peripheral part R. As shown in FIG. 15, the segment cover 340 has a main hinge 334 and a hinge pin 338 aligned with two auxiliary hinges 246 on the rounded peripheral part R, and the hinge pin 338 is inserted into the individual auxiliary hinges 246 of the rounded peripheral part R and the main hinge 334 of the segment cover 340 so that the segment cover 340 is hinge-coupled to the upper arm 256 and is attracted to the magnetic force of the individual magnets 247 on the rounded peripheral part R.
[0114] That is, the segment cover 340 is hinge-coupled to the upper arm 256 and is rotationally R2 fixed to the upper arm 259.
[0115] FIG. 16 is a side view showing a second excavating apparatus according to the present disclosure, FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged side view of the second excavating apparatus of FIG. 16, and FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of the second excavating apparatus of FIG. 16.
[0116] FIG. 19 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a bucket cylinder of FIG. 18, and FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the maximum exposed rod from a cylinder in the bucket cylinder of FIG. 19.
[0117] In addition, FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing the minimum exposed rod from a cylinder in the bucket cylinder of FIG. 19, and FIG. 22 is a side view showing a rotary link, a clamp, and a clamp cylinder additionally mounted on the second excavating apparatus of FIG. 16.
[0118] In this case, FIGS. 16 to 22 show improved configurations of the second and third excavators of FIGS. 4 to 7.
[0119] Referring to FIGS. 16 to 22, a second excavating apparatus 1210 according to the present disclosure includes a bucket 1095, a lower arm 1103, a rotational arm stand 1189, an upper arm 1109, and a boom 1195, which are sequentially arranged toward a cab and rotated with respect to each other at a work site. The second excavating apparatus 1210 also includes a bucket cylinder 1160 and an arm cylinder (not shown in the drawing) located around the lower arm 1103 and the boom 1195 and rotationally coupled to the bucket 1095 and the upper arm 1108.
[0120] Schematically, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, when the upper arm 1108 has a boom coupling hole part 1105 and an arm cylinder coupling hole part 1106, which are sequentially positioned on the rotational arm stand 1189, the lower arm 1103 is located on a central axis of the upper arm 1108, which passes perpendicularly through the arm cylinder coupling hole part 1106 of the upper arm 1108 and overlaps more than half the length of the lower arm 1103 as shown in FIG. 16.
[0121] In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, the upper arm 1108 protrudes the boom coupling hole part 1105 further than the rotational arm stand 1189 toward the side of the upper arm 1108 just above the rotational arm stand 1189. As shown in FIGS. 16 to 19, the bucket cylinder 1160 is rotatably attached to the lower arm 1103 by means of opposite sides of the bucket cylinder 1160.
[0122] To be specific, when the second excavating apparatus 1210 has a multi-joint link 1175 between the bucket 1095, the lower arm 1103, and the bucket cylinder 1160, as shown in FIG. 16, the lower arm 1103 is sequentially axially coupled to the bucket 1095 and the multi-joint link 1175 along the longitudinal direction of the lower arm 1103 right next to the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108.
[0123] Referring to FIGS. 16 to 21, the bucket cylinder 1160 has a rod 1115, a piston 1126, and a cylinder 1155. Referring to FIGS. 16 to 21, the cylinder 1155 has a head cover located directly below the rotational arm stand 1189, a tube 1133 coupled to the head cover 1139, a rod cover 1136 coupled to the tube 1133 on the opposite side of the head cover 1139, and a hanger 1149 for rotationally coupling the tube 1133 to the lower arm 1103.
[0124] Referring to FIGS. 16 to 21, the rod 1115 is located inside and outside the tube 1133, is surrounded by the rod cover 1136, and moves relative to the cylinder 1155. The piston 1126 is located inside the tube 1133 and moves together with the rod 1115 as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21. At this time, the bucket cylinder 1160 does not have the second connection ring 1038 of the second cylinder 1039 shown in FIG. 6.
[0125] That is because the second connection ring 1038 does not contribute to the moving speed of the second piston 1034 in the second cylinder 1039. That is, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the cylinder 1155 manages the constant velocity motion and decelerated motion of the piston 1126. To be specific, the constant velocity motion of the piston 1126 is limited by using the size of the tube 1133.
[0126] In addition, the decelerated motion of the piston 1126 is limited by using a first adjustment screw 1135 exposed to a first flow path P1 in the rod cover 1136 and a first cushion ring 1123 facing from the piston 1126 to the rod cover 1136, as well as a second adjustment screw 1138 exposed to a second flow path P2 in the head cover 1139 and a second cushion ring 1129 facing from the piston 1126 to the head cover 1139.
[0127] When the second excavator 1210 has the multi-joint link 1175 located across opposite sides of the lower arm 1103 and axially coupled to the lower arm 1103, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 18, the rod 1115 is axially coupled as in FIGS. 16 and 18 with the multi-joint link 1175 and is minimally exposed as in FIG. 21 from the rod cover 1136 around the lower arm 1103 so as to move away from the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 together with the multi-joint link 1175 or is maximally exposed as in FIG. 20 from the rod cover 1136 so as to approach the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 together with the multi-joint link 1175.
[0128] When the rod 1115 is minimally exposed from the rod cover 1136 as in FIG. 21, the rod 1115, the rod cover 1136, the tube 1133, and the head cover 1139 gradually move away from the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 in an order of the rod 1115, the rod cover 1136, the tube 1133, and the head cover 1139 while spacing the rod 1115 from the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 21.
[0129] When the rod 1115 is maximally exposed from the rod cover 1136 as in FIG. 20, the rod 1115, the rod cover 1136, the tube 1133, and the head cover 1139 gradually move away from the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 in an order of the rod 1115, the rod cover 1136, the tube 1133, and the head cover 1139 while positioning the rod 1115 on the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 as shown in FIGS. 20 and 22.
[0130] Due to this, when the rod 1115 is minimally exposed from the rod cover 1136 as in FIG. 21, the rod 1115 moves along one direction M2 from the rod cover 1136 toward the head cover 1139. When the rod 1115 is maximally exposed from the rod cover 1136 as in FIG. 20, the rod 1115 moves along the other direction M1 from the head cover 1139 toward the rod cover 1136.
[0131] As shown in FIG. 18, when the lower arm 1103 has a bracket 1141 on each side of the tube 1133, the hanger 1149 includes: a support part 1143 that has a cylindrical protrusion piece 1142 surrounding the tube 1133 and extending toward the bracket B; and a locking part 1146 that curvedly surrounds the protrusion piece 1142 together with the bracket B on the bracket B and is screw-coupled with the bracket 1141 as shown in FIGS. 18 to 21.
[0132] When the rod 1115 is minimally exposed from the rod cover 1136 as in FIG. 21, the second excavating apparatus has the multi-joint link 1175 rotationally coupled to the bucket 1095, the lower arm 1103, and the bucket cylinder 1150 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 18. The multi-joint link 1175 is axially coupled to the lower arm 1103 right next to the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 as shown in FIG. 16.
[0133] In addition, as shown in FIG. 16, the multi-joint link 1175 is further away from the bucket 1095 than the lower arm 1103 from the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 and is axially coupled to the bucket 1095, and is further away from the bucket cylinder 1160 than the bucket 1095 from the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 and is axially coupled to the rod 1115 of the bucket cylinder 1160.
[0134] On the other hand, referring to FIGS. 20 and 22, when the rod 1115 is maximally exposed from the rod cover 1136, the second excavating apparatus has the multi-joint link 1175 rotationally coupled to the bucket 1095, the lower arm 1103, and the bucket cylinder 1160 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 18.
[0135] Referring to FIG. 22, the multi-joint link 1175 is located across the left and right sides of the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 right next to the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 to be axially coupled to the lower arm 1103 and the rod 1115, and is further away from the bucket 1095 than the lower arm 1103 from the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 to be axially coupled to the bucket 1095.
[0136] Referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, the rotational arm stand 1189 has a lower rotary table 1183 and an upper rotary table 1186 that are sequentially stacked between the lower arm 1103 and the upper arm 1108, and fixes the lower rotary table 1183 and the upper rotary table 1186 to the lower arm 1103 and the upper arm 1108, respectively.
[0137] In addition, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the rotational arm stand 1189 rotates the lower rotary table 1183 relative to the upper rotary table 1186 and has a center joint 1102 that passes through the lower rotary table 1183 and the upper rotary table 1186 together with the lower arm 1103. The center joint 1102 is located on the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.
[0138] When the upper arm 1108 has a slip entry/exit hole part 1104, the boom coupling hole part 1105, and the arm cylinder coupling hole part 1106 on the lower, middle, and upper sides of the upper arm 1108 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, and when the lower arm 1103 and the rotational arm stand 1189 have the center joint 1102 on the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the slip entry/exit hole part 1104 of the upper arm 1108 exposes the center joint 1102 to the outside on the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 to induce the coupling of a slip (not shown in the drawing) to the center joint 1102 or the separation of the slip from the center joint 1102.
[0139] In this case, the center joint 1102 rotates relative to the rotation of the rotational arm stand 1189 while engaging with the hydraulic line, and the slip is provided with a wire and rotates relative to the rotation of the center joint 1102. That is, the slip prevents twisting of the wire when the center joint 1102 rotates. The upper arm 1108 has a stopper 1107 to minimize the inflow of foreign substances through the slip entry/exit hole part 1104.
[0140] As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, when the upper arm 1108 has the slip entry/exit hole part 1104, the boom coupling hole part 1105, and the arm cylinder coupling hole part 1106 on the lower, middle, and upper sides of the upper arm 1108, the slip entry/exit hole part 1104 of the upper arm 1108 is located on the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 and is located at the same level as the boom coupling hole part 1105 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.
[0141] As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, when the upper arm 1108 has the slip entry/exit hole part 1104, the boom coupling hole part 1105, and the arm cylinder coupling hole part 1106 on the lower, middle, and upper sides of the upper arm 1108, the slip entry/exit hole part 1104 and the arm cylinder coupling hole part 1106 of the upper arm 1108 are located on the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.
[0142] Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 22, when the second excavating apparatus 1210 has a rotary link 1225 coupled to the bucket 1095 and the lower arm 1103, the bucket cylinder 1160 located on one side of the lower arm 1103 and coupled to the lower arm 1103, a clamp cylinder 1234 located on the other side of the lower arm 1103 and coupled to the lower arm 1103, a clamp 1238 located at the end of the lower arm 1103 and coupled to the lower arm 1103, and the multi-joint link 1175 coupled to the lower arm 1103, the rotary link 1225, and the bucket cylinder 1160, the bucket 1095 and the rotary link 1225 rotate around the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108 due to the retraction or extension of the multi-joint link 1175 according to the operation of the bucket cylinder 1160 as shown in FIG. 22.
[0143] In addition, as shown in FIG. 22, the clamp 1238 is axially coupled to the lower arm 1103 near the central axis X3 of the upper arm 1108, and moves relative to the lower arm 1103 to rotate up and down according to the operation of the clamp cylinder 1234.
