DRAWING MACHINE, DRAWING METHOD AND DRAWING MANDREL

Abstract

To provide methods, apparatuses and drawing mandrels in which the shaping process can be monitored as closely as possible, a drawing machine and a drawing method manufactures or processes tubes, which extend in the direction of longitudinal extent, from a semi-manufactured product, wherein the drawing machine includes a drawing device for drawing a hollow workpiece formed by the tube and the semi-manufactured product in the direction of longitudinal extent, a drawing ring and a drawing mandrel and acts on the workpiece in a shaping manner via the drawing mandrel and the drawing ring while the workpiece is drawn by the drawing device around the drawing mandrel and through the drawing ring. A sensor is located on the drawing mandrel, or physical properties are measured in the interior of the workpiece and/or on the drawing mandrel using a sensor on the drawing mandrel.

Claims

1. A drawing machine (11) for the production or machining of tubes (31) composed of a semi-finished product (40), which tubes extend in the longitudinal expanse direction (21), wherein the drawing machine (11) comprises a drawing device (51) for drawing a hollow workpiece (1) formed by the tube (31) and the semi-finished product (40) along the longitudinal expanse direction (21), a drawing ring (61), and a drawing mandrel (71), and acts on the workpiece (1) with the drawing mandrel (71) and the drawing ring (61), forming it, while it is being drawn around the drawing mandrel (71) and through the drawing ring (61), under the control of the drawing device, wherein the drawing machine comprises an apparatus (90) for transmission of data from the interior (22) of the workpiece (1), using a transmitter (91) arranged in the interior (22) of the workpiece (1), and a receiver (92) arranged outside of the workpiece (1), and the receiver (92) and the transmitter (91) can communicate wirelessly with one another, and/or wherein the position of the sensor (80) in three-dimensional space and/or temperature and/or pressure and/or acceleration can be measured by means of a sensor (80) arranged on the drawing mandrel (71).

2. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter (91) can transmit a signal that comprises the data through the wall (39) of the workpiece (1), and the receiver (92) is preferably arranged at the axial height of the transmitter (91), with reference to the longitudinal expanse direction (21).

3. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter (91) comprises a transmission coil (93).

4. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the receiver (92) comprises a reception coil (94) that surrounds the workpiece (1).

5. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the receiver (92) comprises a receiver (96) and/or a micro-controller (95).

6. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the sensor (80) has the transmitter (91) and/or a micro-controller (81) and the transmitter (91) is, in particular, an electric or preferably electronic transmitter.

7. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication between transmitter (91) and receiver (92) is configured electrically, in particular capacitively, magnetically, in particular inductively, or electromagnetically.

8. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter (91) is arranged on the drawing mandrel (71).

9. A drawing method for the production or machining of tubes (31) composed of a semi-finished product (40), which tubes extend in the longitudinal expanse direction (21), wherein using a drawing device (51), a hollow workpiece (1) formed by the tube (31) and the semi-finished product (40) is drawn along the longitudinal expanse direction (21), and the workpiece (1) is acted on with the drawing mandrel (71) and the drawing ring (61), forming it, while it is being drawn around the drawing mandrel (71) and through the drawing ring (61), under the control of the drawing device (51), wherein a transmitter (91) is arranged in the interior (22) of the workpiece (1), which transmits a signal that comprises data out of the workpiece (1) to a receiver (92) arranged outside of (23) the workpiece (1), wherein the receiver (92) and the transmitter (91) communicate wirelessly with one another, and/or wherein a sensor (80) arranged on the drawing mandrel (71) measures the position of the sensor (80) in three-dimensional space and/or temperature and/or pressure and/or acceleration.

10. The drawing method according to claim 9, wherein the transmitter (91) transmits the signal that comprises the data through the wall (39) of the workpiece (1) and the receiver (92) is preferably arranged at the axial height of the transmitter (91) with reference to the longitudinal expanse direction (21).

11. The drawing method according to claim 9, wherein the data are transmitted by means of a transmission coil (93).

12. The drawing method according to claim 9, wherein the data are received by a reception coil (94) of the receiver (92), which coil surrounds the tube (31).

13. The drawing method according to claim 9, wherein the receiver (92) amplifies the signal transmitted by the transmitter (91).

14. The drawing method according to claim 9, wherein the data received by the receiver (92) are transmitted to a receiver (96) of the receiver (92) and/or processed further by a micro-controller (95).

15. The drawing method according to claim 9, wherein a transmitter (91) arranged within (22) the workpiece (1) transmits data to a receiver (92) arranged outside of (23) the workpiece (1), in a hard-wired manner.

16. The drawing method according to claim 9, wherein the data are transmitted between transmitter (91) and receiver (92) electrically, in particular capacitively, magnetically, particularly inductively, or electromagnetically.

17. The drawing method according to claim 9, wherein a micro-controller (81) arranged on the drawing mandrel (71) processes the data of the sensor (80) further.

18. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the semi-finished product (40) is a hollow body that extends in the longitudinal expanse direction (21).

19. A drawing mandrel for use in a drawing machine (11) and/or in a drawing method for the production or machining of tubes (31) composed of a semi-finished product (40), which extend in a longitudinal expanse direction (21), wherein the drawing mandrel (71) is a flying drawing mandrel (71), and wherein a sensor (80) is arranged on the drawing mandrel (71), and/or wherein the position of the sensor (80) in three-dimensional space and/or the temperature and/or the pressure and/or the acceleration can be measured by means of the sensor (80).

20. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the sensor (80) comprises a nine-axis position sensor and/or wherein the sensor (80) records the position in space in Euler coordinates.

21. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece (1), after it has moved past the drawing mandrel (71) or the drawing ring (61), extends over at least 2 m in its longitudinal expanse direction (21).

22. The drawing machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece (1) is metallic, preferably made of copper, aluminum, iron or steel.

Description

[0095] Further advantages, goals, and properties of the present invention will be explained using the following description of exemplary embodiments, which are also shown, in particular, in the attached drawing. The drawing shows:

[0096] FIG. 1 a schematic side view of a drawing machine;

[0097] FIG. 2 the drawing machine according to FIG. 1 in a schematic top view;

[0098] FIG. 3 an enlarged representation of the drawing ring and of the drawing mandrel of the arrangement according to FIGS. 1 and 2, in a schematic side view.

[0099] In a first embodiment, as it is also shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a drawing machine 11 comprises a drawing device 51, a drawing ring 61, a drawing mandrel 71, as well as an apparatus 90 for data transmission.

[0100] A workpiece 1 is in engagement with the drawing device 51, wherein the drawing device 51, viewed in the working direction 24, is situated or is arranged behind the drawing ring 61 and the drawing mandrel 71. The workpiece 1 extends along a longitudinal expanse direction 21, which is oriented in the same way as the working direction 24.

[0101] The workpiece 1 presents itself as a semi-finished product 40 configured as a tube 41.

[0102] The workpiece 1 is configured with a wall 39.

[0103] Furthermore, the workpiece 1 has an interior 22 as well as an exterior 23.

[0104] In addition, the workpiece 1, viewed in the working direction 24, is behind the drawing ring 61 or the drawing mandrel 71 as a hollow body 30 or tube 31. The drawing device 51 thereby engages into the tube 31 or onto it.

[0105] The drawing mandrel 71 is arranged in the interior 22 of the workpiece 1, while the drawing ring 61 is arranged on the exterior 23 of the workpiece, wherein the drawing mandrel 71 and the drawing ring 61 each touch the wall 39 of the workpiece 1.

[0106] In the embodiment described, a sensor 80 is arranged in the drawing mandrel 71, wherein the sensor is arranged, viewed in the working direction 24, ahead of the drawing mandrel 71 in this exemplary embodiment, so that the sensor is situated ahead of the drawing ring 61 in the non-formed region of the workpiece 1, viewed in the working direction 24.

[0107] The sensor 80 of the present exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 works together with a micro-controller 81 and a memory 82, so that it can work in a relatively autarchic manner.

[0108] In particular, the micro-controller 81 and/or the memory 82 can also be provided in the sensor 80 or in the transmitter 91. Likewise, it is conceivable that transmitter 91 and sensor 80 form a structural unit.

[0109] The apparatus 90 for data transmission comprises a transmitter 91 as well as a receiver 92. In the present exemplary embodiment, the transmitter 91 is configured as a transmission coil 93. The receiver 92 is configured as a reception coil 94. It is understood that other configurations are also possible here, in deviating embodiments.

[0110] The reception coil 94 is connected, by way of an electric line 97, with a receiver 96 and with a micro-controller 95 that is switched after the receiver 96. In this exemplary embodiment, the receiver 96 serves for signal amplification, while an evaluation takes place by way of the micro-controller 95. It is understood that other configurations are also possible here, in deviating embodiments.

[0111] The reception coil is arranged at the axial height of the transmission coil 93, in the longitudinal expanse direction 21.

[0112] The transmission coil 93 is connected with the sensor 80 by way of an electric line 97.

[0113] The drawing mandrel 71 has a round cross-section.

[0114] The drawing device 51 draws the workpiece 1 in the longitudinal expanse direction 21 and thereby produces advancing of the workpiece in the working direction 24. The drawing device 51 is configured as a caterpillar track and engages on the workpiece 1, wherein it draws the workpiece 1 through the drawing ring 61 and over the drawing mandrel 71. As a result, drawing ring 61 or 71 act on the semi-finished product 40 to form it. It is understood that in deviating embodiments, other drawing devices 51 such as, for example, carriage drawing machines or drum drawing machines, can also be used in this regard.

[0115] The drawing ring 61 acts on the semi-finished product 40, forming it, and determines the outside diameter of the formed hollow body 30 and thereby of the tube 31 by its inside diameter.

[0116] The drawing mandrel 71 determines the inside diameter of the tube 31 formed from the semi-finished product 40, by its outside diameter. The wall 39 of the workpiece is determined by the difference between the inside diameter of the drawing ring 61 and the outside diameter of the drawing mandrel 71.

[0117] The sensor 80 arranged on the drawing mandrel 71 detects physical properties without interruption, in particular during the drawing process. Such properties can be, for example, temperature, pressure, acceleration and/or the precise position of the sensor 80. Because of the fact that the sensor 80 is arranged on the drawing mandrel 71, in other words directly connected with the drawing mandrel 71 or mounted on it, and the precise dimensions of the drawing mandrel 71 are known, the precise position of the entire drawing mandrel 71 can be determined to its full extent.

[0118] Since the sensor 80 is arranged in the interior 22 of the workpiece 1, the sensor 80 also measures the physical properties in the interior 22 of the workpiece.

[0119] The measurement data that the sensor 80 records are passed on to the micro-controller 81 and directly processed further by the latter. Furthermore, a memory 82 supplies energy to the sensor 80, and thereby the latter is supplied with energy for the measuring process. Subsequently the measurement data are transmitted from the sensor 80 to the transmission coil 93, which is situated in the immediate vicinity, also in the interior 22 of the workpiece 1, by way of an electric line 97. The energy of the memory 82 also gets into the transmission coil 93, so that the latter can transmit a signal.

[0120] The transmission coil 93 is arranged radially around the longitudinal expanse direction 21, i.e. coaxial to the workpiece 1 or to the semi-finished product 40.

[0121] In this exemplary embodiment, the measurement data are inductively transmitted to the reception coil 94 by way of the transmission coil 93, wherein magnetic fields naturally occur.

[0122] It is understood that in other exemplary embodiments, other transmitter/receiver combinations, such as capacitive or electromagnetic combinations, can be provided alternatively or cumulatively.

[0123] The reception coil 94 receives the measurement data from the transmission coil 93 and passes them on to a receiver 96, which has the task of amplifying the received signal, since losses of the signal occur due to transmission through the wall 39 of the workpiece 1. The signal, which has been amplified again by the receiver 96, is passed on to a micro-controller 95 that processes the measurement data further.

[0124] It is also conceivable that the apparatus 90 for data transmission can be configured in a hard-wired manner, wherein then a hard-wired connection between transmitter 91 and receiver 92 must be made available.

[0125] It is also conceivable that the transmission from transmitter 91 to receiver 92 takes place electrically, and this must be implemented by way of a capacitive apparatus.

[0126] In a further possible embodiment, the transmission between transmitter 91 and receiver 92 could take place electromagnetically, wherein the hollow workpiece, for example, is used as a hollow conductor for passing the signal on.

[0127] The measurement data can then be used, for example, for quality control or also for control or regulation of the drawing process.

Reference Symbol List

[0128] 1 workpiece [0129] 11 drawing machine [0130] 21 longitudinal expanse direction [0131] 22 interior of the workpiece 1 [0132] 23 exterior of the workpiece 1 [0133] 24 working direction [0134] 30 hollow body [0135] 31 tube [0136] 39 wall of the workpiece 1 [0137] 40 semi-finished product [0138] 41 tube [0139] 51 drawing device [0140] 61 drawing ring [0141] 71 drawing mandrel [0142] 80 sensor [0143] 81 micro-controller [0144] 82 memory [0145] 90 apparatus for data transmission [0146] 91 transmitter [0147] 92 receiver [0148] 93 transmission coil [0149] 94 reception coil [0150] 95 micro-controller [0151] 96 receiver [0152] 97 electric line