Steel-structure building envelope

Abstract

A steel-structure building envelope includes a building body, floor slabs, and external walls. The building body has H beams and decks. The decks are assembled onto the H beams. The floor slabs have RC slabs laid on the decks. The external walls each have an RC curb formed on the RC slab by means of casting, two steel C profiles, one of which is installed on the RC curb with an opening thereof facing upward, and the other of which is mounted on the deck with an opening thereof facing downward; and an outer wall panel and an inner wall panel, attached to opposite sides of the RC curb and the two steel C profiles, respectively, so that a hollow space is formed between the outer wall panel and the inner wall panel. Thereby the external walls have a two-layer structure and are affixed directly to the floor slabs.

Claims

1. A steel-structure building envelope of a steel-structure building, comprising: a building body, having H beams and decks, the decks being assembled onto the H beams; floor slabs, having reinforced concrete (RC) slabs laid on the decks, so that the decks and the RC slabs jointly act as the floor slabs; and external walls, each comprising: an RC curb, formed on one of the RC slabs by means of casting; two steel C profiles, one of which is installed on the RC curb with an opening thereof facing upward, and the other of which is mounted on the deck with an opening thereof facing downward; and an outer wall panel and an inner wall panel, attached to opposite sides of the RC curb and the two steel C profiles, respectively, so that a hollow space is formed between the outer wall panel and the inner wall panel; whereby the outer wall panel and the inner wall panel have a two-layer structure defining said outer wall panel and said inner wall panel which are affixed directly to the floor slabs.

2. The structure of claim 1, wherein two rockwool strips are attached to the two steel C profiles, respectively, and partially received in the hollow space, so that the two rockwool strips extend along a height direction of the external walls.

3. The structure of claim 2, wherein the two rockwool strips each extend along the height of the external walls C while being bent into a continuous S-shaped form.

4. The structure of claim 1, wherein the H beams are arranged at an indoor side of the building and adjacent to the outer wall panels, and each of the outer wall panels is attached to the RC curb, the two steel C profiles, and the two rockwool strips from an end of the floor slab.

5. The structure of claim 4, wherein a transverse aluminum extrusion is arranged between the two outer wall panels that are adjacent to each other in a height direction thereof.

6. The structure of claim 5, wherein silicone is filled between the transverse aluminum extrusion and the two outer wall panels.

7. The structure of claim 1, wherein the H beams are arranged at an indoor side of the building and adjacent to the outer wall panels, and the floor slabs jut out of the outer wall panels.

8. The structure of claim 1, wherein the H beams are arranged at an outdoor side of the building and adjacent to the outer wall panels.

9. The structure of claim 8, wherein each of the H beams is peripherally enclosed by a galvanized square pipe, and a concrete panel is then attached to an outmost part of the galvanized square pipe.

10. The structure of claim 1, wherein elastic cement is injected to fill assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels.

11. The structure of claim 1, wherein a waterproof layer is applied to coat the outer wall panels of the entire steel-structure building, and further painted with natural paint.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a local cutaway view of a steel-structure building envelope according to a first embodiment of the present invention taken from one view point.

(2) FIG. 2 is a local cutaway view of the steel-structure building envelope according to the first embodiment of the present invention taken from another view point.

(3) FIG. 3 is a local cross-sectional view of the steel-structure building envelope according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

(4) FIG. 4 is a local cross-sectional view of a steel-structure building envelope according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

(5) FIG. 5 is another local cross-sectional view of the steel-structure building envelope according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

(6) FIG. 6 is a local cross-sectional view of a steel-structure building envelope according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

(7) FIG. 7 is another local cross-sectional view of the steel-structure building envelope according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

(8) FIG. 8 is a local cutaway view of a conventional steel-structure building taken from one view point.

(9) FIG. 9 is another local cutaway view of the conventional steel-structure building taken from another view point.

(10) FIG. 10 is a local cross-sectional view of the conventional steel-structure building.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(11) The embodiments described below are intended to illustrate the disclosed building envelope of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention. Therein, since the building envelope is huge in volume, features are presented in local, close-up views for explicitness.

(12) In a first embodiment of the present invention, a steel-structure building envelope comprises a building body A, floor slabs B and external walls C, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

(13) Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the building body A comprises H beams 1 and decks 2. The decks 2 are assembled onto the H beams 1. The floor slabs B comprises RC slabs 3 laid on the decks 2 so that the decks 2 and the RC slabs 3 jointly act as the floor slabs B. The external walls C each comprise: an RC curb 4, formed on the RC slab 3 by means of casting; two steel C profiles 5, one of which is installed on the RC curb 4 with an opening thereof facing upward, and the other of which is mounted on the deck 2 with an opening thereof facing upward; an outer wall panel 61 and an inner wall panel 62, attached to opposite sides of the RC curb 4 and the two steel C profiles 5, so that a hollow space S is formed between the outer wall panel 61 and inner wall panel 62. Thereby, the external wall C has a two-layer structure and is affixed directly to the floor slab B. With the configuration, the floor slab B can completely separate the space of the upper story from the space of the lower story by providing good water cut-off and acoustic/thermal insulation between the upper and lower stories. Additionally, elastic cement 63 may be filled in assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61, so as to enhance waterproofing between the indoor side and the outdoor side of the building. In the present embodiment, two rockwool strips 7 are attached to the two steel C profiles 5, respectively, and partially received in the hollow space S. The two rockwool strips 7 each extend along the height of the external wall C while being bent into a continuous S-shaped form. Thereby, with the hollow space S and the rockwool strips 7 inlaid in the two-layer structure of the external wall C, acoustic/thermal insulation between the indoor side and the outdoor side of the building is enhanced.

(14) Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the H beam 1 is arranged at the indoor side of the inner wall panel 62, the outer wall panel 61 is affixed to the RC curb 4, the two steel C profiles 5, and the two rockwool strips 7 from the end of the floor slab B. A transverse aluminum extrusion 81 is arranged between two outer wall panels 61 that are adjacent to each other in the height direction, and then silicone 82 is injected between the transverse aluminum extrusion 81 and the two outer wall panels 61. As compared to traditional integrated curtain walls that tend to break due to resonance when receiving force or shocks, the structure of the present invention has the adjacent outer wall panels 61 separated by the aluminum extrusions 81 so as to reduce the risk of force-based breakage of the outer wall panels 61 and decrease the amount of silicone 82 required for joining and sealing purposes. In the present invention, since the assembled outer wall panels 61 are level and flush to each other, instead of further tiling, the external walls C can be easily finished by covering the outer wall panels 61 across the surface of the building with waterproof coating and natural paint successively.

(15) Construction of the present embodiment is implemented as below, with details identical or similar to those known by people skilled in the art of SS construction omitted in the description and left out from the drawings for not blurring characteristics of the present embodiment. The construction includes: (1) assembling steel box columns and H beams 1 for each story; (2) laying decks 2 and pour stops for each story; (3) setting the layout and piping; (4) laying reinforcing bars (or welded wire fabrics) for each story; (5) concreting the RC slab 3 for each story; (6) putting up scaffolds; (7) constructing RC curbs 4 (including rebar-planting and grouting); (8) setting layout of and installing Z-shaped iron parts; (9) applying fire-resistive coating to the steel box columns and the H beams 1 for each story; (10) setting out Type 125 steel C profiles (including the steel C profiles 5 in the external walls C) with predetermined intervals, performing vertical calibration, and fixing them in position for each story; (11) setting out Type 125 steel C profiles (including fitting transoms and fixing iron parts) at the facade of any opening, door, or window, wherein only when the distance to the site boundary is greater than 150 cm can a window or door to be set; (12) assembling concrete outer wall panels 61; (13) stuffing assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with elastic cement 63 (stuffing assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with tile gripper); (14) stuffing assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with elastic cement 63 (closing the assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with anti-crack nets); (15) arranging rockwool strips 7 along the height of the external walls C; (16) fastening concrete inner wall panels 62; (17) fastening aluminum window fittings; (18) installing aluminum window frames and doorframes; (19) caulking doors and windows; (20) installing drip lines for doors and windows; (21) constructing fire protection stuffing for all assembly gaps between the main body A, the floor slabs B, and the external walls C; (22) spraying waterproof coating on the outer wall panels 61 across the building; (23) installing the transverse aluminum extrusion 81 between the outer wall panels 61; (24) stuffing silicone 82 between the transverse aluminum extrusions 81 and the outer wall panels 61 and around the aluminum window frames and doorframes; (25) painting the outer wall panels 61 with natural paint; (27) removing the scaffolds; and (30) finishing construction of the external wall of the present story.

(16) In a second embodiment of the present invention, a steel-structure building envelope as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is similar to the first embodiment except that the H beams 1 in the present embodiment are installed at the indoor side of the building and adjacent to the inner wall panels 62, and that the floor slabs B jut out of the outer wall panels 61 at the outdoor side so that the floor slabs B can act as decorative features, sunshades, rain shades, or footholds during construction. For example, for a construction site having an adjacent building H beside it, where the distance between the external wall C and the adjacent building H is greater than 50 cm and smaller than 100 cm, and it is difficult to set scaffolds, workers can move on the floor slabs B such configured instead of scaffolds. In addition, a plate P may be further arranged between the floor slab B jutting out at the outdoor side of the building and the adjacent building H to provide a buffering area to the adjacent building H during construction.

(17) Construction of the present embodiment is implemented as below, with details identical or similar to those known by people skilled in the art of SS construction omitted in the description and left out from the drawings for not blurring characteristics of the present embodiment. (1) assembling steel box columns and H beams 1 for each story; (2) laying decks 2 and pour stops for each story; (3) setting the layout and piping; (4) laying reinforcing bars (or welded wire fabrics) for each story; (5) concreting the RC slab 3 for each story; (6) constructing RC curbs 4 (including rebar-planting and grouting); (7) setting layout of and installing Z-shaped iron parts; (8) applying fire-resistive coating to the steel box columns and the H beams 1 for each story; (9) setting out Type 125 steel C profiles (including the steel C profiles 5 in the external walls C) with predetermined intervals, performing vertical calibration, and fixing them in position for each story; (10) setting out Type 125 steel C profiles (including fitting transoms and fixing iron parts) at the facade of any opening, door, or window, and reserving construction openings, wherein only when the distance to the site boundary is greater than 150 cm can a window or door to be set; (12) stuffing assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with elastic cement (stuffing assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with tile gripper); (13) stuffing assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with; (14) arranging rockwool strips 7 along the height of the external walls C with elastic cement (closing the assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with anti-crack nets); (15) fastening concrete inner wall panels 62; (16) constructing fire protection stuffing for all assembly gaps between the main body A, the floor slabs B, and the external walls C; (17) spraying waterproof coating on the outer wall panels 61 across the building; (18) painting the outer wall panels 61 with natural paint; (19) closing the construction openings; and (20) finishing construction of the external wall of the present story.

(18) In a third embodiment of the present invention, a steel-structure building envelope as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 is similar to the first embodiment except that the H beams 1 in the present embodiment are installed at the outdoor side of the building and adjacent to the outer wall panels 61, and that each of the H beams 1 is peripherally enclosed by a galvanized square pipe 91, and a concrete panel 92 is attached to the outmost part of the galvanized square pipe 91. By placing the H beams 1 at the outdoor side of the building, the interior can have no or fewer ceiling beams, making the interior of the building more unobstructed, and more desirable as a living space from the perspective of Feng Shui, or Chinese geomancy.

(19) Construction of the present embodiment is implemented as below, with details identical or similar to those known by people skilled in the art of SS construction omitted in the description and left out from the drawings for not blurring characteristics of the present embodiment. (1) assembling steel box columns and H beams 1 for each story; (2) laying decks 2 and pour stops for each story; (3) setting the layout and piping; (4) laying reinforcing bars (or welded wire fabrics) for each story; (5) concreting the RC slab 3 for each story; (6) putting up scaffolds; (7) constructing RC curbs 4 (including rebar-planting and grouting); (8) setting layout of and installing Z-shaped iron parts; (9) applying fire-resistive coating to the steel box columns and the H beams 1 for each story; (10) setting out Type 125 steel C profiles (including the steel C profiles 5 in the external walls C) with predetermined intervals, performing vertical calibration, and fixing them in position for each story; (11) setting out Type 125 steel C profiles (including fitting transoms and fixing iron parts) at the facade of any opening, door, or window, wherein only when the distance to the site boundary is greater than 150 cm can a window or door to be set; (12) assembling concrete outer wall panels 61; (13) stuffing assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with elastic cement (stuffing assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with tile gripper); (14) stuffing assembly gaps between outer wall panels 61 with elastic cement (closing the assembly gaps between the adjacent outer wall panels 61 with anti-crack nets); (15) arranging rockwool strips 7 along the height of the external walls C; (16) fastening concrete inner wall panels 62; (17) fastening aluminum window fittings; (18) installing aluminum window frames and doorframes; (19) caulking doors and windows; (20) installing drip lines for doors and windows; (21) constructing fire protection stuffing for all assembly gaps between the main body A, the floor slabs B, and the external walls C; (22) enclosing the H beam 1 with a galvanized square pipe 91, and then attaching a concrete panel to the outmost part of the galvanized square pipe 92: (23) arranging drip lines; (24) spraying waterproof coating on the outer wall panels 61 across the building; (25) stuffing silicone around aluminum window frames and doorframes; (26) painting the outer wall panels 61 with natural paint; (27) removing the scaffolds; (28) finishing construction of the external wall of the present story.

(20) Through the foregoing embodiments that describes various implementations of the present invention, it is clear that the disclosed steel-structure building enclosure helps to solve the problems of traditional steel-structure buildings. The advantages of the present invention include: 1. Decreasing the inter-story drift between stories; 2. eliminating the need of perimeter fire barriers between upper and lower stories; 3. improving waterproofing inside/outside the building; 4. enhancing acoustic/thermal insulation between upper and lower stories and inside/outside the building; 5. And reducing the amount of silicone to be used on the external walls and simplifying maintain. Thereby, the steel-structure building envelope of the present invention satisfies the requirements for residential buildings and helps increase residential building life and achieve net zero emissions.

(21) The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments and it is understood that the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, as the contents disclosed herein should be readily understood and can be implemented by a person skilled in the art, all equivalent changes or modifications which do not depart from the concept of the present invention should be encompassed by the appended claims.