Fibrous heat-insulating block and method for lining heated furnace-surface using same
09664447 ยท 2017-05-30
Assignee
Inventors
- Kohji Kohno (Tokyo, JP)
- Motokuni Itakusu (Tokyo, JP)
- Masaharu SATO (Tokyo, JP)
- Takuo Uehara (Tokyo, JP)
- Yoshitsugu Okanaka (Tokyo, JP)
- Tomonobu Shiraishi (Tokyo, JP)
- Kenji Goto (Tokyo, JP)
- Sho Yamanaka (Tokyo, JP)
Cpc classification
F27D1/0016
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F27D1/0009
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F27D1/0013
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
F27D1/00
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Abstract
Disclosed are a fibrous insulation block which can improve work efficiency of lining construction in various types of refractory furnace in iron works, and a construction method for a heated furnace-surface lining using the same. Specifically disclosed is a fibrous insulation block which comprises: a unit block (2) formed by laminating fibrous insulation blankets under pressure; a packing material (3) which has a pressing surface abutting section (5) covering at least a part of each pressing surface (2a, 2b) which are the side surfaces of the unit block in the direction in which the blankets are laminated, and a heating surface protection section (6) connected to the pressing surface abutting section so as to cover at least a part of a heating surface (2c) of the unit block, and in which a boundary section (7) between the pressing surface abutting section and the heating surface protection section covers an angle section formed by the pressing surfaces and the heating surface of the unit block; and a binding band (4) which maintains the shape of the unit block (2) using the packing material (3). The heating surface protection section (6) of the packing material (3) can be moved by the removal of the binding band and disposed on the same plane as the pressing surface abutting section, and has handhold sections (10) provided therein.
Claims
1. A fibrous heat-insulating block used for lining a heated furnace-surface, the fibrous heat-insulating block comprising: a unit block formed by folding a fibrous heat-insulating blanket alternately to form mountain folds and valley folds, and stacking layers of the fibrous heat-insulating blanket under pressure, the unit block being used as a unit for lining application; a packing material including pressed surface contact parts each covering at least a part of each of pressed side surfaces of the unit block in a blanket stacking direction, and heated surface protection parts each being connected to the pressed surface contact parts and covering at least a part of a heated surface of the fibrous heat-insulating block heated in a state where a furnace is lined therewith, wherein a boundary between the pressed surface contact parts and the heated surface protection parts covers a corner formed by a pressed surface and a heated surface of the unit block; and a binding band keeping the shape of the unit block, wherein the heated surface protection parts of the packing material can be arranged on the same plane as the pressed surface contact parts after removing the binding band, and the heated surface protection parts of the packing material are provided with a handhold part, wherein the packing material comprises a pair of packing members arranged on the pressed side surfaces of the unit block in the blanket stacking direction, the packing members comprising the pressed surface contact parts, the heated surface protection parts connected thereto, and the boundary, wherein the packing material is made of a synthetic resin material, and has a thickness in a range of from 2 to 10 mm, and has a weight per unit area in a range of from 500 to 10,000 g/m.sup.2, wherein a tensile strength of the packing members is not less than 10 MPa and not more than 70 MPa, wherein each dimension of respective sides of the pressed surface contact parts is not less than 85% and not more than 97% of a dimension of a side of the pressed surface of the unit block, wherein the unit block is a cube or rectangular parallelepiped having a side of 200 to 400 mm, and a static friction coefficient of each of the packing members with the fibrous heat-insulating blanket is 0.1 to 1, and wherein, after removal of the packing material, the unit block of the fibrous heat-insulating block is in close contact with adjacent unit blocks of adjacent fibrous heat-insulating blocks due to a restoring force of the folded fibrous heat-insulating blanket in the blanket stacking direction, without forming a gap of a triangular joint.
2. The fibrous heat-insulating block according to claim 1, wherein the packing member is bendable at the boundary.
3. The fibrous heat-insulating block according to claim 1, wherein the packing member is an integrated item, and has a notch along the boundary.
4. The fibrous heat-insulating block according to claim 1, wherein the pressed surface contact part and the heated surface protection part of the packing material are individually formed, and are connected to each other with a hinge or a sheet connected to the two.
5. The fibrous heat-insulating block according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin material is a sheet or corrugated plastic cardboard that is made of hard polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polycarbonate or polystyrene.
6. The fibrous heat-insulating block according to claim 1, wherein the handhold part is manufactured as an eyelet hole, a ring or a hook-like engaging part.
7. The fibrous heat-insulating block according to claim 1, wherein the heated surface protection part of each of the pair of packing members has a pair of the handhold parts.
8. An assembly comprising two or more fibrous heat-insulating blocks according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous heat-insulating blocks are arranged along a heated furnace-surface, and wherein after the binding bands and the packing members of the fibrous heat-insulating blocks are removed, adjacent unit blocks of the fibrous heat-insulating blocks are arranged without a gap of a triangular joint being formed and without the adjacent unit blocks being displaced from each other.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
MODE TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION
(11) The present invention will be described below in detail based on an example of an embodiment shown in appended figures.
(12)
(13) The fibrous heat-insulating block 1 according to the present invention shown in
(14) In the fibrous heat-insulating block 1 according to the present invention, when the packing material 3 between the adjacent blocks is pulled out by removing the binding bands 4 after arrangement of the plurality of fibrous heat-insulating blocks 1 at the predetermined place at lining application, the heated surface protection part 6 that is movable relative to the pressed surface contact part 5 of sandwiched packing members 3a, 3b can be arranged in the same plane as the pressed surface contact part 5. Thereby, the direction of a force applied to the packing members 3a, 3b in pulling-out thereof can be made equal to the direction of pulling out the pressed surface contact part, achieving easy pulling-out.
(15) In the fibrous heat-insulating block 1 according to the present invention, as shown in
(16) In the fibrous heat-insulating block 1 in
(17) In the fibrous heat-insulating block 1 in
(18) In the fibrous heat-insulating block 1 in
(19) The shape of the unit block 2 is also not limited to a cube as shown in
(20) The packing material 3 consists of the pair of packing members 3a, 3b, and as shown in
(21) For example, the packing material 3 consists of a pair of packing members 3a, 3b each having the rectangular, pressed surface contact part 5 of a size that is the same as or smaller than that of the pressed surface 2a of the unit block 2. For the size of the packing members 3a, 3b, it is preferred that dimensions La and Lc of the respective sides of the pressed surface contact part 5 each is in the range from 85 to 97% of the dimensions of a side of the pressed surface 2a of the unit block 2 (
(22) The interference between the packing members of the adjacent unit blocks arranged at the predetermined place of the heated furnace-surface is caused by contact between the packing members of the adjacent unit blocks. Accordingly, to prevent such interference, the packing member may have such a dimension to generate a non-contact part corresponding to the thickness of the packing member at an end of the unit block. For example, when the pressed surface of the unit block measures 300 mm300 mm and the thickness of the packing member is 5 mm, the lateral length La of the pressed surface contact part 5 of the packing members 3a, 3b in
(23) It is preferred that the heated surface protection part 6 as the movable part of each of the packing members 3a, 3b shown in
(24) In the case of using a below-mentioned pulling jig for the packing material, to prevent lowering of the workability of the pulling jig and make the packing member strong enough for repeated use, the eyelet holes provided as the handhold parts 10 preferably have a diameter of 10 to 30 mm, and more preferably about 15 mm. By providing the eyelet holes at two places of the heated surface protection part 6, the pulling direction of the packing members 3a, 3b can be stably fixed to a direction vertical to the aligned surface of the unit blocks 2 (heated furnace-surface). In consideration of positions of action point and fulcrum, which are loaded in the pulling-out operation of the packing members 3a, 3b, for example, with the unit block measuring 300 mm300 mm300 mm, the eyelet holes 10 each is provided such that a length l.sub.1 from the center of the eyelet hole 10 to the free end of the heated surface protection part 6 in
(25) The packing material 3 can be made of any material allowing the heated surface protection part 6 movable relative to the pressed surface contact part 5 to be provided. Example of possible materials include synthetic resin materials typified by thermoplastic resins such as hard polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, and thermosetting resins such as phenol resins, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester, as well as ABS resins, and polyamide. Preferably, a reusable synthetic resin sheet or a corrugated plastic cardboard made of hard polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene or the like is used. It is more preferred that the synthetic resin that forms the synthetic resin sheet or the corrugated plastic cardboard can be recycled and reused. For collection and reuse after lining of the heated furnace-surface, it is preferred that such a plastic packing material has a thickness in the range of from 2 to 10 mm, and more preferably from 4 to 6 mm, and has a weight per unit area in the range of from 500 to 10,000 g/m.sup.2, and more preferably from 1,000 to 5,000 g/m.sup.2.
(26) Since the plurality of fibrous heat-insulating blocks 1 are arranged at the predetermined place at lining application, the packing material 3 is sandwiched between the adjacent unit blocks 2. The packing material 3 is then pulled out from between the adjacent unit blocks 2 by removing the binding bands 4. To simplify the pulling-out operation of the packing material 3, it is preferred that when the binding bands are removed, the pair of packing members 3a, 3b configuring the packing material 3 are separated from the heated surface protection part due to elasticity of the material itself forming the packing members 3a, 3b. In order to make the heated surface protection part 6 bend at the boundary 7 movable relative to the pressed surface contact part 5, for example, a notch along the boundary 7 may be made, if needed. In some cases, the pressed surface contact part 5 and the heated surface protection part 6 can be individually formed and are coupled to each other with hinges 51 (
(27) In lining with the fibrous heat-insulating block according to the present invention, after the fibrous heat-insulating blocks are arranged at the predetermined places of the heated furnace-surface and the binding bands are removed, the compressed CF blankets of the unit blocks attempt to restore in the stacking direction. By using this restoring force, the adjacent blocks are put into close contact with each other. For this reason, after removal of the binding bands, the packing member is sandwiched between the adjacent blocks with the strong force and remains. For collection and reuse, the packing member sandwiched between the adjacent blocks needs to be pulled out without being broken or deformed. Thus, the packing material needs to have an appropriate strength and appropriate slip property. These properties depend on various factors including the size of the block, the type of the fibrous heat-insulating material, the material for the packing member. As an example, in the case where a plastic packing member as exemplified above is pulled out from between the fibrous heat-insulating blocks using the unit block of 300300300 mm, which is formed by stacking 16 folded layers of the CF blanket having a thickness of 25 mm, it is preferred that the packing member has a tensile strength of 10 MPa or higher, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 1.0 or smaller. When the tensile strength is less than 10 MPa, the packing material breaks when being pulled out from between the fibrous heat-insulating blocks attached to the heated furnace-surface, and remains between the blocks, which requires the excessive operation of removing the remaining packing material and disables reuse of the packing material. Also when the packing material does not break but is deformed, the packing material cannot be disadvantageously reused. On the other hand, when the tensile strength is more than 70 MPa, a larger advantage cannot be obtained from a practical standpoint. When the static friction coefficient with the CF blanket is more than 1.0, it takes a long time to pull out the packing material from between the fibrous heat-insulating blocks, or some packing material cannot be pulled out. When the static friction coefficient is less than 0.1, a larger advantage cannot be obtained. More preferably, the tensile strength of the packing member is in the range of from 10 to 70 MPa, and the static friction coefficient with the CF blanket is in the range of from 0.25 to 0.9.
(28) The static friction coefficient with the CF blanket, which is required for the packing member, does not depend on the size of the unit block. On the contrary, the tensile strength required for the packing member depends on the size of the unit block. Specifically, as the contact area between the adjacent blocks is larger, a larger tensile strength is required. As an example, with the unit block of 300300300 mm as referred to above, relationship between the tensile strength of the packing member and a collection rate at pulling-out of the packing member from between the adjacent unit blocks becomes as shown in
(29) Generally, with a cube or rectangular parallelepiped-shaped unit block having each side of about 200 to 400 mm, which is preferred in terms of handleability and workability, the tensile strength of the packing member is preferably from 5 to 90 MPa, and more preferably from 10 to 70 MPa. Although depending on the type of the fibrous heat-insulating material used, the static friction coefficient of the packing member with the fibrous heat-insulating blanket is preferably from 0.1 to 1, and more preferably from 0.25 to 0.9.
(30) The above-mentioned plastic packing member can generally satisfy these conditions. Therefore, such a plastic packing member can be used in the fibrous heat-insulating block according to the present invention without requiring excessive processing such as application of a lubricant on the surface.
(31) In the conventional fibrous heat-insulating block, there has been mainstream to use a paper cardboard or a linden plywood having a thickness of about 2 to 6 mm as the packing material. With the packing material formed of the cardboard, since the tensile strength of a liner and a core of the cardboard is about 10 to 50 kPa, the packing material often breaks due to lack in strength when being pulled out from between the adjacent blocks. With the packing material formed of linden plywood, since the static friction coefficient with the CF blanket is about 2.0, it is difficult to pull out the packing material from between adjacent blocks due to the low slip property.
(32) In the packing material made of the rigid material as described in Patent Literatures 3 (see
(33) In the fibrous heat-insulating block 1 according to the present invention in
(34) The present invention also provides a heated furnace-surface lining method using the fibrous heat-insulating block according to the present invention. According to the method, a plurality of fibrous heat-insulating blacks are arranged at predetermined places of the heated furnace-surface, the plurality of fibrous heat-insulating blocks each including:
(35) a unit block formed by stacking layers of fibrous heat-insulating blanket under pressure, the unit block being used as a unit for lining,
(36) a packing material including pressed surface contact parts covering at least a part of each of pressed surfaces as side surfaces of the unit block in a blanket stacking direction, and heated surface protection parts covering a heated surface of the fibrous heat-insulating block heated in the state where a furnace is lined therewith, and
(37) a binding band keeping the shape of the unit block via the packing material,
(38) and after cutting and removal of the binding band of the fibrous heat-insulating block, the packing material remaining between the adjacent fibrous heat-insulating blocks are pulled out, thereby putting the adjacent fibrous heat-insulating blocks into close contact with each other, the method being characterized in that, as the fibrous heat-insulating block, the fibrous heat-insulating block according to the present invention is used.
(39) The method of arranging the plurality of fibrous heat-insulating blocks at predetermined places of the heated furnace-surface is not specifically limited, and a checker method, a soldier method or the like can be adopted.
(40) The packing material remaining between the adjacent fibrous heat-insulating blocks may be manually pulled out, or may be pulled out by use of a packing material pulling jig as illustrated in
(41) When the packing material is pulled out from between the adjacent fibrous heat-insulating blocks provided on the heated furnace-surface (for example, a ceiling surface) by lining application by use of the pulling jig 12 in
(42) The fibrous heat-insulating block according to the present invention can be used in heat-insulating treatment of a region (heated furnace-surface) where it is not in contact with a scale or melted metal in the heating furnace or the like. Examples of the heated furnace-surface to which the fibrous heat-insulating block of the present invention can be applied may include the ceiling surface described with reference to
EXAMPLES
(43) The present invention will be described in more detail based on examples and comparative examples.
(44) In the following examples and comparative examples, the tensile strength and the static friction coefficient with the CF blanket for a material for each packing member were measured as follows.
(45) [Measurement of Tensile Strength of Material for Packing Member]
(46) The material tensile strength of the packing member was measured based on JIS K 7113 by use of a universal tester. With the packing member made of a corrugated plastic cardboard, the tensile yield strength of a synthetic resin sheet thereof was measured, and with the packing member made of cardboard, the tensile yield strength of the liner thereof was measured. A tensile strength of a paper material such as a liner is generally represented by stress per unit width. However, to compare with values for synthetic resin sheets and linden plywoods, the thickness of the liner was measured and the measured value was converted into a stress per sectional area.
(47) [Measurement of Static Friction Coefficient with CF Blanket of Packing Material]
(48) The static friction coefficient with the CF blanket was measured according to a gradient method of JIS P 8147 by attaching the packing member to a tilt table, placing the CF blanket as a test piece thereon and measuring an gradient angle at which the packing member starts to slip.
Example 1
(49) First, a plate piece measuring 290 mm in width590 mm in length was cut from a polypropylene corrugated plastic cardboard (marketed product: brand name SUNPLY manufactured by Sumika Plastics) having a thickness of 6 mm, a weight per unit area of 1,600 g/m.sup.2, a material tensile strength of 30 MPa, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 0.38. By press molding in which heating and pressing are applied, the plate piece was sectioned into a pressed surface contact part and a heated surface protection part at a position away from one longitudinal edge by 76 mm, and the boundary between them was formed such that the heated surface protection part could be bent relative to the heated surface contact part by 90 degrees at maximum. Also, two aluminum eyelets (inner diameter of 15 mm) were provided at positions where the distance l.sub.1 (
(50) Next, a band-like CF blanket (SC blanket 1260 manufactured by Shin-Nippon Thermal Ceramics Corporation) measuring 25 mm in thickness4,800 mm in width was alternately folded every 300 mm into 16 layers and then, a pair of packing members were placed on the surfaces (pressed surfaces) of the layered CF blanket. The CF blanket was compressed in the layered direction thereof via the packing members and then, was bound with binding bands to form a unit block measuring 300 mm300 mm300 mm.
(51) A ceiling surface measuring 1.8 m2.4 m in a hot-rolling heating furnace of a steel plant was lined with 48 fibrous heat-insulating blocks thus prepared according to the block arrangement of a checker method. At this time, pulling-out operation of the packing material was performed as shown in
(52) The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
(53) Packing materials were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a hard polyvinyl chloride sheet (a generic product belonging to Group 1 of JIS K 6745) having a thickness of 5 mm, a weight per unit area of 7,000 g/m.sup.2, a material tensile strength of 50 MPa, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 0.39 was used as a material for the packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members). Further, the ceiling surface of the furnace wall was lined in the same manner as in Example 1 according to the checker method. In the pulling-out operation of the packing materials, time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(54) The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
(55) Manufacturing and lining application of packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members) were performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the block arrangement was changed to a soldier method in lining application of fibrous heat-insulating blocks on the ceiling surface of the furnace wall. In the pulling-out operation of the packing materials, time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(56) The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
(57) Manufacturing and lining application of packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members) were performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in the pulling-out operation of the packing materials, a pulling rod having a hook at its front end was used in place of the pulling jig. In the pulling-out operation of the packing materials, time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(58) The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
(59) Packing materials were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a soft polyvinyl chloride sheet having a thickness of 5 mm, a weight per unit area of 6,750 g/m.sup.2, a material tensile strength of 15 MPa, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 0.80 was used as a material for the packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members). Further, the ceiling surface of the furnace wall was lined in the same manner as in Example 1 according to the checker method. In the pulling-out operation of the packing materials (using the pulling rod used in Example 4), time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(60) The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 6
(61) Packing materials were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a polycarbonate sheet having a thickness of 5 mm, a weight per unit area of 6,000 g/m.sup.2, a material tensile strength of 67 MPa, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 0.25 was used as a material for the packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members). Further, the ceiling surface of the furnace wall was lined in the same manner as in Example 1 according to the checker method. In the pulling-out operation of the packing materials (using the pulling rod used in Example 4), time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(62) The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 7
(63) Packing materials were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a polystyrene sheet having a thickness of 5 mm, a weight per unit area of 5,500 g/m.sup.2, a material tensile strength of 75 MPa, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 0.25 was used as a material for the packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members). Further, the ceiling surface of the furnace wall was lined in the same manner as in Example 1 according to the checker method. In the pulling-out operation of the packing materials (using the pulling rod used in Example 4), time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(64) The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 1
(65) Manufacturing and lining application of packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members) were performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a paper cardboard having a thickness of 5 mm, a weight per unit area of 950 g/m.sup.2, a material tensile strength of 0.05 MPa, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 0.73 was used, and no eyelet hole was provided. In pulling-out operation of the packing materials (using the pulling rod used in Example 4), time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(66) The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 2
(67) Manufacturing and lining application of packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members) were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a linden plywood having a thickness of 6 mm, a weight per unit area of 3,000 g/m.sup.2, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 1.96 was used, and no eyelet hole was provided. In pulling-out operation of the packing materials (using the pulling rod used in Example 4), time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined. The tensile strength of the plywood exceeded a measurement limit.
(68) The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 3
(69) Manufacturing and lining application of packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members) were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a hard polyvinyl chloride sheet having a thickness of 5 mm, a weight per unit area of 7,000 g/m.sup.2, a material tensile strength of 50 MPa, and a surface subjected to an abrasive treatment to provide a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 1.20, and no eyelet hole was provided. In pulling-out operation of the packing materials (using the pulling rod used in Example 4), time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(70) The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 4
(71) Manufacturing and lining application of packing materials (each consisting of a pair of packing members) were performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a soft polyvinyl chloride sheet having a thickness of 5 mm, a weight per unit area of 5,500 g/m.sup.2, a material tensile strength of 5 MPa, and a static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 0.80 was used, and no eyelet hole is provided. In pulling-out operation of the packing materials (using the pulling rod used in Example 4), time taken for the pulling-out operation (minute/m.sup.2), collection rate of the packing members that could be collected from between the unit blocks after lining application, and possibility of repeated use of the collected packing members were examined.
(72) The results are shown in Table 1.
(73) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Examples 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Packing members Used materials A B A A C D E Material tensile strength (MPa) 30 50 30 30 15 67 75 Static friction coefficient 0.38 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.80 0.25 0.25 Block arrangement checker checker *1) checker checker checker checker Use of pulling jig Yes Yes Yes No No No No Pulling-out Required time (minute/m.sup.2) 9 12 9 20 22 20 20 operation of Collection rate (%) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 packing members Possibility of repeated use Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Comparative Examples 1 2 3 4 Packing members Used material F G B C Material tensile strength (MPa) 0.05 50 5 Static friction coefficient 0.73 1.96 1.20 0.80 Block arrangement checker checker checker checker Use of pulling member No No No No Pulling-out Required time (minutes/m.sup.2) 25 40 38 30 operation of Collection rate (%) 50 20 90 90 packing members Possibility of repeated use No No No No (Note) A: Corrugated plastic cardboard made of polypropylene B: Hard polyvinyl chloride sheet B: Hard polyvinyl chloride sheet having a surface subjected to an abrasive treatment C and C: Soft polyvinyl chloride sheet having a weight per unit area of 6,750 and 5,500 g/m.sup.2 D: Polycarbonate sheet E: Polystyrene sheet F: Cardboard made of paper G: Plywood made of Linden *1): Soldier method
(74) As apparent from the results shown in Table 1, in the case of using the packing material made of a conventional paper cardboard (Comparative Example 1), since the tensile strength was low, breaking occurred in the pulling-out operation, and the collection rate was limited to 50%. In the case of using the packing material made of the linden plywood (Comparative Example 2), since the static friction coefficient was high, many of packing members could not be pulled out, in the pulling-out operation, from between the unit blocks after lining application, resulting in the collection rate of 20%. In the case of using the packing material made of the soft polyvinyl chloride sheet having the tensile strength of 5 MPa (Comparative Example 4), the packing members after operation were deformed. In the case of using the hard polyvinyl chloride sheet having the surface subjected to an abrasive treatment and having the static friction coefficient with the CF blanket of 1.2 (Comparative Example 3), some packing members could not been pulled out between the unit blocks.
(75) On the contrary, in Examples using the packing materials according to the present invention, the collection rates in the pulling-out operation of the packing materials were 100%, and the time taken for the pulling-out operation was greatly decreased as compared to Comparative Examples.
(76) As apparent from comparison between Examples 4 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, even with the manual operation using the same pulling rod, the time necessary for the pulling-out operation was substantially decreased in the Examples, and use of the pulling jig could remarkably decrease time necessary for the pulling-out operation.
Comparative Example 5
(77) The packing materials described in Patent Literatures 3 as shown in
Comparative Example 6
(78) The packing materials described in Patent Literatures 3 as shown in
Comparative Example 7
(79) The packing materials described in Patent Literatures 3 as shown in
DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
(80) 1: Fibrous heat-insulating block, 2: Unit block, 2a, 2b: Pressed surface, 2c: Heated surface, 3: Packing material, 3a,3b: Packing member, 4: Binding band, 5: Pressed surface contact part, 6: Heated surface protection part, 7: Boundary, 8: Fitting, 9: Guide pipe, 10: Handhold part (Eyelet hole), 11,11: Cut step, 12: Pulling jig, 13: Leg, 14: Movable part, 14a: Hook, 15: Reeler (Towing means), 15a: Motor (Driving means), 15b: Towing wire.