Method for producing a dental restoration part and CAD/CAM device

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a dental restoration part, in which method, geometrical data, in particular data with respect to spatial dimensions, position and/or volume of the restoration part, are determined and stored in order to form a virtual restoration part. In a further process step, the virtual restoration part is provided for the tooth (10) to be replaced by using data of the tooth (10) to be replaced, a neighboring tooth (60) and/or a tooth stump, and said data is stored as color data and is used for the computer-assisted production of the virtual restoration part.

Claims

1. A method for producing a dental restoration part from a virtual restoration part using geometrical data of the virtual restoration part, comprising: generating color data as three-dimensional, stereometrically generated data based on at least a tooth to be restored or replaced, one or more neighboring teeth of the tooth to be restored or replaced, or a tooth stump of the tooth to be restored or replaced; dividing the color data into a plurality of individual, three-dimensional sections extending through the virtual restoration part; determining the differences of the sections with respect to individual color parameters and allocating tooth colors to be used; conditioning and storing the tooth colors; converting the tooth colors into machine-readable data for the production of the dental restoration part; transferring the machine readable data to a computer assisted manufacturing (CAM) device; building the color-adjusted dental restoration part in layers using dental material of different tooth colors, wherein the color data is produced by creating a three-dimensional color photo, wherein at least two different positions of at least one camera from different angular positions take a photo of a neighboring tooth and/or a tooth stump for the dental restoration part, which color photos are stereometrically superimposed thereby creating a 3D image, wherein the created three-dimensional color photo is rendered, and the virtual dental restoration part is simulated on the screen and is compared to the color photos of the neighboring tooth, and wherein the virtual dental restoration part is adjustable with respect to thickness, transparency, and material selection after optical comparison with the neighboring tooth, and when the optical comparison does not meet a predetermined criteria, the virtual dental restoration is rendered again, until the comparison meets the predetermined criteria, before CAM manufacturing of the dental restoration part such that no actual dental restoration part is necessary for comparison to neighboring teeth.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the dental material is subsequently cured or solidified.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the geometrical data comprises at least one of a spatial dimension, a position or a volume of the restoration part.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, upon determination of the tooth colors to be used, at least one section or a plurality of sections from the set of three-dimensional sections is displayed on a screen and is selected; and the tooth colors of the selected section or of the selected sections is compared to stored tooth colors that are stored in a layering database; wherein on said screen, a tooth color detected, colors of individual layer materials, thickness of the individual layers, thickness of incisal material and/or translucency in percent are represented in a spatially associated manner with respect to the selected section.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein a determination of the tooth colors is performed when selecting the one or more sections, and the respective tooth color of the one or more sections is stored in a work table by confirming on the screen, said work table forming the base for the CAM production of the dental restoration part.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the three-dimensional sections and/or the thickness of the layers is enlarged by one correction factor that takes into account empirical values during the solidification of the dental material and the shrinkage arising at a position.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the dental material that is used for solidification, is at least partially polymerizable and is polymerized.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the building of the restoration is performed by a Rapid-Prototyping Process.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the Rapid-Prototyping Process comprises Ink-Jet-Printing and the solidification takes place through cooling down.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein building the dental restoration forms a ceramic green body that is sintered for solidification.

11. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the creation of the virtual dental restoration part is performed by using a data base in which different tooth shapes and/or tooth runs are presented in a three-dimensionally stored form, from which the layers are configured.

12. A CAD/CAM device for the production of a dental restoration part based on geometrical data, wherein the geometrical data determines the geometrical shape of the dental restoration part to be produced, are based on color data that characterize the dental restoration part to be produced; and are generated from either a tooth data base or a neighboring tooth of the dental restoration part to be produced and/or the tooth stump thereof, wherein the device comprises a first component that stereometrically detects the color data three-dimensionally; a second component that divides the color data generated into a plurality of individual, three-dimensional sections extending through the restoration part; a third component that determines layers of dental material from which the dental restoration part is to be produced; a fourth component that determines manually or automatically for the at least one section and/or the plurality of united sections, tooth colors; a fifth component for storing the tooth colors in a work table as tooth color data; a sixth component for transferring the tooth color data to a CAM device; and a seventh component for building up the dental restoration part in layers; wherein the first component comprises at least one digital camera that detects the color data at two positions, said positions differing from each other in a horizontal direction and being located in a vertical direction at the same vertical height, or differing in the vertical direction and being located at the same position in the horizontal direction; and wherein the device comprises a display with a cursor and the three-dimensional sections are represented on the display and are selected, and in that based on the selection a comparison of a surface color with stored tooth colors of a layering data base is effected and thereby different parameters of sections are represented on the display and are confirmed or adjusted with respect to thickness, transparency, and material selection after optical comparison with a neighboring tooth, and when the comparison does not meet a predetermined criteria, the different parameters are rendered again until the comparison meets the predetermined criteria, before CAM manufacturing of the dental restoration part such that no actual dental restoration part is necessary for comparison to neighboring teeth.

13. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 12, further comprising an eighth component for curing or solidifying the layers.

14. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 12, wherein the stereometrically detected colors may be provided in two dimensions with the aid of taking pictures, or in a third dimension, in the direction of the Z-coordinate, with aid of already existing data.

15. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the already existing data is from an already existing dental restoration part.

16. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 12, wherein the first component comprises one or two digital cameras.

17. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 16, wherein the one digital camera is positioned on at least two different positions.

18. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 16, wherein two digital cameras are positioned at different angular positions.

19. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 12, wherein second through sixth components are the same component and comprise a CAD database.

20. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 12, wherein third and fourth components comprise a layering database.

21. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 12, wherein the seventh component comprises a CAM device.

22. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 21, wherein the CAM device comprises a rapid prototyping device.

23. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 22, wherein rapid prototyping device comprises an ink-jet printing device.

24. The CAD/CAM device as claimed in claim 12, wherein the eighth component comprises a polymerization device or sintering furnace.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Embodiments of the present invention will be more fully understood and appreciated by the following Detailed Description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic three-dimensional representation of a virtual replacement tooth or dental restoration part in one embodiment of the invention;

(3) FIG. 2 illustrates a further embodiment of the virtual dental restoration part according to FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 3 illustrates a representation of an intermediate step of the inventive CAD/CAM process including an auxiliary screen and the presentation thereof; and

(5) FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic representation of the arrangement for detecting the stereometric color data of neighboring teeth.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(6) In the representation according to FIG. 1 a virtual tooth is apparent that has been produced as a dental restoration part and can then be accordingly displayed on a screen. The replacement tooth 10 is embodied as an incisor in the illustrated embodiment, wherein, however, an implementation with a premolar or even a molar is possible likewise.

(7) In a manner known per se, the replacement tooth 10 adjacent to its tooth surface 12 comprises the enamel material that extends with a thickness in the range of a few millimeters along the tooth surface 12.

(8) In a matter known per se, dentin material 16 extends within the enamel material, with the layer thickness of the enamel material 14 across its extension somewhat changing both in X-direction and Y-direction, but not very strongly.

(9) The thus existing structure of the replacement tooth is now provided by determining sections 18 which in FIG. 1 are represented greatly enlarged for the purpose of clarity, and which in practice, however, are substantially smaller. The section 18a is provided in the area of the enamel material 14 and substantially extends in a square-cut shape with a height H that approximately amounts to one-and-a-half times a width B. The height H corresponds to the edge length in the direction of the Y coordinate, and the width B corresponds to the edge length of the section 18a in the direction of the X coordinate.

(10) The section 18a also comprises a depth T, thus an edge length in the direction of the Z coordinate that in turn is substantially smaller than the width B, for example amounts to one third of the width B.

(11) The section 18a is defined with respect to its tooth color, and in fact based on stereometrically recorded data of the neighboring teeth or the neighboring tooth.

(12) For the provision of data with respect to the tooth color of section 18a, a stereometric process is used that is schematically shown in FIG. 4. Following the collection of data, the data is further adapted by means of a CAD device shortly described in FIG. 3.

(13) Each of the sections 18 is determined with respect to the parameters of the tooth colors, thus with respect to its brightness value, its chroma value and its translucency value. Prior to the production of the replacement tooth, the replacement tooth is represented on the display of the CAD device in a corresponding manner, please compare FIG. 3.

(14) Apart from the section 18a, further sections 18b and 18c are apparent in FIG. 1, with section 18b extending in the area of the dentin and section 18c on the other hand extending in the enamel region that is opposite to the section 18a in relation to the tooth 10.

(15) It is to be understood that the tooth colors of these three sections are typically different, and also that typically substantially more than merely three sections are provided in a correspondingly large area of the replacement tooth 10.

(16) The sections according to the type of voxels extend three-dimensionally through the replacement tooth 10. In practice, a thousand or even ten thousand voxels per replacement tooth 10 may be realized by all means. The extension of the sections 18 respectively takes place so that they border on each other. Adjacent sections are selected separately from each other with respect to the tooth colors according to the rendering result of the stereometric digital recordings of the neighboring teeth according to FIG. 4.

(17) With the aid of developing and opening the third dimension, that is to say the Z axis through the inventive stereometric recording, the depth effect of replacement teeth, especially in the region of the enamel material, may be strongly improved and is essentially more close to nature than it was possible with processes known so far.

(18) Based on the stereometrically recorded data, a conversion into stereometric data is conducted according to the invention, that is to say data in the X-, Y- and Z-direction. For each voxel, namely for each section 18, the corresponding parameters are determined by conducting three-dimensional rendering. In this connection, the section size and size distribution may be adjusted during the rendering operation if necessary, even if the most simple mathematical solution is to operate with identical size of the individual voxels.

(19) While the sections are substantially block-shaped in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, this is not the case in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. Here, the edge lengths in the depth direction, thus in the direction of the Z coordinate, are reduced, and since the dentin layer 16 of an incisor changes across its axis 20 of the tooth, more sections are provided here in an upper area 30 of the tooth 10 than in a lower area 32 of the replacement tooth 10.

(20) This is schematically denoted by section 18d that tapers to a point at the bottom. In fact, the number of sections is substantially larger than illustrated in the figures, as it has already mentioned before, and the number of sections for example is reduced from 20 to 16, if regarded between the area 30 and the area 32, in order to reproduce the corresponding dimensional change in the direction of the Z-coordinate.

(21) A section distribution that approaches the actual resolution, is apparent in FIG. 3 in the left part of the display illustrated there. The replacement tooth is schematically illustrated there in order to realize the 3-D design, wherein it is possible to select a field 28 of sections with the cursor that can then be treated together.

(22) Instead, also a single section 18 can be determined by the cursor selection, as it is illustrated somewhat further left in FIG. 3 in the left area of the display.

(23) In a manner known per se, in the middle region the tooth color that has been determined first, for example A1, is indicated when the cursor is located at the respective section.

(24) In an upper operator panel 36 of the middle region of the screen according to FIG. 3 it is possible to select the layering in order to be able to simultaneously influence the tooth colors of several sections. To simplify matters, merely 3 layers may be selected and it goes without saying that in practice substantially more layers may be realized as well.

(25) In an operator panel 38 it is possible to conduct a layering correction. A first layer 1 may be treated in a column 40, a second layer 2 may be treated in a column 42 and a third layer 3 may be treated in a column 44. In the upper row at first the tooth color A1, B2 etc. may be displayed and changed, in a second row the thickness of the layer such as 2.1 mm for layer 1, 0.5 mm for layer 2 and no fixed value for layer 3. The fact that the thickness of layer 3 is not fixed in this respect according to the invention means that the remainder to the total thickness of the tooth in the Z direction is filled up there.

(26) In the third row in a further field in each column, respectively, the translucency may be determined and changed if necessary.

(27) Further operator fields 46 are provided below the middle area that enable the common influence on the layers and that change them proportionally, for example with respect to translucency.

(28) With the aid of a further operator field 48, a detailed rendering of the selected area may then be conducted.

(29) The result of the changes is illustrated in a right area 50 of the screen according to FIG. 3. The screen by the way may be designed as a touch screen or as a screen that may be operated by means of a cursor in order to provide the desired CAD functions and thus the 3D design.

(30) In the area 50 the finished tooth is illustrated in the rendered form and the expected result may be evaluated in advance, that is, before the CAM manufacture. In this connection it is also possible to repeat the rendering operation with differently selected parameters of the tooth color, but also with different section sizes and/or translucency values.

(31) FIG. 4 shows schematically in which manner neighboring teeth may be employed in order to identify the desired data. For each detection point, in a stereometric manner known per se, one digital image each is taken at various angles. For each point exist the two positions A and B, respectively, that form a different angle with the region of the tooth 60 or 62, respectively, that is to be detected.

(32) Even if the detection of merely the surface of the respective tooth 60 is illustrated here, it is to be understood that in fact due to the translucency, of particularly, the enamel mass of the neighboring tooth 60, in fact the depth effect is captured by the stereometric image and is inventively exploited in order to provide the third dimension during the production of the dental restoration.

(33) According to the invention it is also favorable that even an area 64 of the neighboring tooth 60 that extends somewhat further in the palatal area, can be determined by utilizing the tooth space so that in this respect the rearward areas of the respective incisor can be determined and can be used for the new production of the replacement tooth.

(34) Although preferred embodiments have been depicted and described in detail herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that various modifications, additions, substitutions, and the like can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and these are therefore considered to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims which follow.