Valve with Flow Control and Pressure Limitation Function

Abstract

A valve includes a body defining first and second connection points, a valve slider, a spring, and a choke. The valve slider delimits first and second apertures to enable conduction of pressurized fluid from the first connection point to the second connection point via the first aperture, and is configured to move in an adjustment direction to close the first aperture. The choke is configured to enable conduction of pressurized fluid from the first connection point to the second connection point via the second aperture and via the choke. A first control point is defined between the choke and the second aperture. A second pressure at the first control point and a force of the spring pushes the valve slider in the adjustment direction, and a first pressure at the first connection point pushes the valve slider against the adjustment direction.

Claims

1. A valve comprising: a body having a first connection point and a second connection point; a valve slider that delimits a first aperture and a second aperture that is configured to enable conduction of a pressurized fluid from the first connection point to the second connection point via the first aperture, and that is further configured to move in an adjustment direction such that the valve slider closes the first aperture; a first spring configured to exert a first spring force that pushes the valve slider in the adjustment direction; and a first choke configured to enable conduction of the pressurized fluid from the first connection point to the second connection point via the first choke and the second aperture; wherein: a first control point is defined between the first choke and the second aperture; a first pressure of the pressurized fluid located at the first connection point moves the valve slider in a direction opposite of the adjustment direction; and a second pressure of the pressurized fluid located at the first control point moves the valve slider in the adjustment direction.

2. The valve according to claim 1, wherein motion of the valve slider in the adjustment direction causes the second aperture to open.

3. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve slider is configured to move between at least (i) a first position whereat the valve slider is disposed along the adjustment direction such that only the second aperture is open, (ii) a second position, and (iii) a third position whereat the valve slider is disposed along the adjustment direction such that only the first aperture is open.

4. The valve according to claim 3, wherein in the second position, the valve slider is disposed along the adjustment direction between the first position and the third position such that the first aperture and the second aperture are closed.

5. The valve according to claim 1, further comprising: a pilot pressure-limiting valve that defines an adjustable third aperture, and that is configured to enable conduction of the pressurized fluid from the first control point to the second connection point via the third aperture.

6. The valve according to claim 5, further comprising: a movable valve body configured to limit the third aperture; a second spring configured to exert a second spring force to move the valve body; and a rotor configured to exert a rotor force to move the valve body.

7. The valve according to claim 6, wherein a pressure of the pressurized fluid located at a second control point moves the valve body in an opening direction of the third aperture to enable the conduction of the pressurized fluid from the first control point to the third aperture via the second control point.

8. The valve according to claim 7, further comprising a second choke configured to enable conduction of the pressurized fluid from the first control point to the second control point via the second choke.

9. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the first choke is positioned in the valve slider.

10. The valve according to claim 1, wherein: the first connection point is located on an end face of the body relative to the valve slider; and the second connection point is located on the body radially relative to the valve slider.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the enclosed drawings. These show:

[0017] FIG. 1 a circuit diagram of the valve according to the disclosure,

[0018] FIG. 2 a longitudinal section through a valve according to the disclosure, and

[0019] FIG. 3 an enlarged extract of FIG. 2 in the region of the valve slider.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a valve 10 according to the disclosure. The valve 10 has a valve slider 30 which is movable relative to an adjustment direction 34. When the valve slider 30 moves against the adjustment direction 34, it passes successively through a first, a second and a third position 35; 36; 37. The valve slider 30 delimits a first and a second aperture 31; 32. In the first position 35, only the second aperture 32 is open. In the second position 36, the first and the second apertures 31; 32 are closed. In the third position 37, only the first aperture 31 is open.

[0021] The valve 10 has a first and a second connection point 11; 12. The pressure to be influenced by the valve 10 is present at the first connection point 11. Typically, a tank is connected fluidically to the second connection point 12. Starting from the first connection point 11, pressurized fluid can be conducted via the first aperture 31 to the second connection point 12. In a parallel fluid flow path, pressurized fluid can be conducted starting from the first connection point 11 via a first choke 33, onward via the first control point 14, onward via the second aperture 32 to the second connection point 12.

[0022] The valve slider 30 is pushed by a first spring 40 in the adjustment direction 34, i.e. the closing direction of the first aperture 31. It is pushed further by the pressure at the first control point 14. The valve slider 30 is pushed by the pressure at the first connection point 11 against the adjustment direction 34, i.e. in the opening direction of the first aperture 31.

[0023] As long as the pressure at the first connection point 11 is sufficiently low, the valve slider 30 only moves between the first and the second positions 35; 36. It thus regulates the pressure drop at the first choke 33 to the pressure equivalent of the first spring 40, namely by adjusting the second aperture 32. Thus the volume flow over the first choke 33 is regulated. This may for example amount to 0.2 ltr/min. The second aperture 32 is preferably constantly adjustable. The first choke 33 preferably has a fixed flow resistance. The pretension of the first spring 40 may be fixedly predefined or adjustable. The pretension of the first spring 40 is preferably selected such that the pilot pressure-limiting valve 50 is opened before the valve slider 30, with the pilot pressure-limiting valve 50 closed, is pushed into the third position 37 purely by the pressure at the first connection point 11. It is however also conceivable that the pilot pressure-limiting valve 50 is omitted completely. The first aperture 31 would thus ensure an upward limitation of the pressure at the first connection point 11, wherein the trigger pressure depends substantially on the pretension of the first spring 40.

[0024] The trigger pressure of the pressure limitation function of the valve 10 can be adjusted by means of the pilot pressure-limiting valve 50. Said trigger pressure may for example lie between 5 and 420 bar. The pilot pressure-limiting valve 50 has a third aperture 51 configured as a seat valve which closes fluid-tightly. The pilot pressure-limiting valve 50 is pushed in the opening direction of the third aperture 51 by the pressure at the second control point 15. It is pushed in the closing direction of the third aperture 51 by a second spring 82, the pretension of which is preferably adjustable. The pretension force of the second spring 82 may also be overlaid by the force of an electromagnetic actuation 94. The magnetic actuation 94 may have a falling or a rising curve. EP 1 565 680 B1 for example discloses a pilot pressure-limiting valve with a falling curve which may be used in the context of the present disclosure. Here, the force of the electromagnetic actuation 94 acts in the opening direction of the third aperture 51. DE 199 07 732 B4 describes for example a pilot pressure-limiting valve with rising curve which may be used for the present disclosure. Here, the force of the electromagnetic actuation 94 acts in the closing direction of the third aperture 51.

[0025] In the present case, pressurized fluid can be conducted from the first control point 14 via a second choke 42, onward via the third aperture 51 to the second working connection point 12. The second choke 42 serves to damp system oscillations. It may also be omitted, so that the first and the second control point 14; 15 coincide. As long as the third aperture 51 is fully closed, the pressures at the first and the second control points 14; 15 are equal since no pressurized fluid flows away to the second connection point 12. The valve 10 then performs the flow control function described above. As soon as the pressure at the second control point 15 rises above the trigger pressure of the pilot pressure-limiting valve 50, the third aperture 51 opens. Thus pressurized fluid can flow with low resistance from the first control point 14 to the second connection point 12, whereby the pressure at the first control point 14 falls. The first and the second chokes 33; 42 ensure that the corresponding fluid flow is small, so that the adjustment forces on the pilot pressure-limiting valve 50 are low. Consequently, the pilot pressure-limiting valve 50 may be configured small.

[0026] Because of the pressure drop at the first control point 14, the force which pushes the valve slider 30 against the adjustment direction 34 and which is caused by the pressure at the first connection point 11, now prevails. This causes the valve slider 30 to move into the third position 37 in which the first aperture 31 is opened. The flow resistance of the fluid flow path, which leads from the first working connection point 11 via the first aperture 31 to the second working connection point 12, is preferably substantially smaller than the flow resistance of the parallel fluid flow path which leads from the first connection point 11 via the first choke 33, onward via the second choke 42, onward via the third aperture 51 to the second working connection point 12.

[0027] FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a valve 10 according to the disclosure. The valve 10 is configured as a cartridge valve which can be screwed into an adapted receiver bore (not shown) by means of an external thread 23 on the housing 20. The seal 24 separates the first and the second connection points 11; 12 from each other. The first connection point 11 is arranged on the end face of the housing 20, wherein the second connection point 12 is arranged radially on the housing 20. In the region of the second connection point 12, several bores 25 running radially relative to the longitudinal axis 13 are arranged in the housing 20. Inside the housing 20, a valve slider 30 is received which can move linearly parallel to the longitudinal axis 13. The adjustment direction 34 is here oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 13 and to the left in FIG. 2. The valve slider 30 is pushed in the adjustment direction 34 by a first spring 40, in this case formed as a coil spring, wherein the corresponding movement travel is limited by a stop (22 in FIG. 3) on the housing 20.

[0028] In the present case, a separate insert 56 is received immovably in the housing 20 and separates the first control point 14 from the second control point 15. The first spring 40 is supported on the insert 56 via a separate spring plate 41. The second choke 42 is arranged in the spring plate 41, and via this the first control point 14 is fluidically connected to the second control point 15. The pressure at the first control point 14 pushes the valve slider 30 in the adjustment direction 34.

[0029] Furthermore, a valve seat 52 is provided on the insert 56 and can be closed fluid-tightly by a valve cone 53 on a valve body 55. The valve seat 52 together with the valve cone 53 forms the third aperture 51. The pressure at the second control point 15 pushes the valve body 55, in particular its valve cone 53, in the opening direction of the third aperture 51.

[0030] The pole tube 60 is screwed into the housing 20, wherein the insert 56 protrudes in portions into the pole tube 60. A second channel 62 is arranged in the pole tube 60 and is extended by a first channel 21 such that the second connection point 12 is fluidically connected to the third aperture 51.

[0031] Furthermore, the pole tube 60 receives a rotor 70 which can move parallel to the longitudinal axis 13. The needle-like valve body 55 is supported on the rotor 70. On the opposite side, the rotor 70 is pressurized by a second spring 82, the pretension of which can be adjusted by the movable adjustment piston 83 and the setscrew 81. The setting of the setscrew 81 can be secured with the lock nut 84. The setscrew 81 and the lock nut 84 are provided with a removable cover cap 85 to protect them from environmental influences.

[0032] The pole tube 60 largely consists of a ferromagnetic material, wherein a flux interruption portion is provided in the region of the rotor 70 and formed for example from a non-magnetic material. A coil 90 is arranged around the pole tube 60, with which an electromagnetic force can be exerted on the rotor 70 and hence on the valve body 55. This force may be directed, depending on the desired curve, either to the left or to the right in FIG. 2. The pole tube 60 is closed at one end with a separate bush 80 which is pressed into the pole tube 60. Preferably, depending on the desired curve, a second bush 80 is used so that the position of the rotor 70 relative to the coil 90 can be selected differently. The coil 90 is surrounded by a ferromagnetic coil housing 91 which causes the back-connection of the magnetic field lines so that when the current in the coil 90 is low, the magnetic force on the rotor 70 is high. The coil 90 is provided with a connection bush 93 via which electrical current can be fed into the coil 90. The coil 90 together with the coil housing 91 is fixed by means of a separate retaining nut 92 on the pole tube 60. At least one channel 71 running parallel to the longitudinal axis 13 passes through the rotor 70 so that on movement of the rotor 70, pressurized fluid can flow through this. The pressurized fluid is preferably a liquid, most preferably hydraulic oil.

[0033] FIG. 3 shows an enlarged extract of FIG. 2 in the region of the valve slider 30. The valve slider 30 is shown in the first position (35 in FIG. 1) in which it is pressed by the first spring 40 against the stop 22 on the housing 20. Several bores 25 running radially relative to the longitudinal axis 13 are arranged in the housing 20, and connect the second working connection point 12 to the valve slider 30. These are part of both the first and the second aperture 31; 32. A first and a second control edge 38; 39 are provided on the valve slider 30 which run as a circle around the longitudinal axis 13, pointing in opposite directions. In the first position, the second control edge 39 covers the radial bores 25 so that the second aperture 32 is opened. The first control edge 38 is however arranged next to the radial bores 25 such that the first aperture 31 is closed. When the valve slider is moved to the right in FIG. 3, first the second aperture 32 closes so that the second position (36 in FIG. 1) of the valve slider 30 is reached. When the valve slider 30 is moved further to the right in FIG. 3, the first aperture 31 opens so that the third position (37 in FIG. 1) of the valve slider 30 is reached.

[0034] The first distance 16 between the first control edge 38 and the radial bores 25, in the first position of the valve slider 30, is greater than the second distance 17 between the second control edge 39 and the radial bores 25. Then the first and the second apertures 31; 32 are closed in the second position. The pressure at the first connection point 11 pushes the valve slider 30 against the valve direction 34, i.e. to the right in FIG. 3.

[0035] The first choke 33 is formed by a thin bore in the valve slider 30 which connects the first working connection point 11 to the first control point 14. Said bore runs radially to the longitudinal axis 13. The second control edge 39 is fluidically connected to the first connection point 14 via at least one radial bore 25 in the valve slider 30.

REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0036] 10 Valve [0037] 11 First connection point [0038] 12 Second connection point [0039] 13 Longitudinal axis [0040] 14 First control point [0041] 15 Second control point [0042] 16 First distance [0043] 17 Second distance [0044] 20 Housing [0045] 21 First channel [0046] 22 End stop [0047] 23 External thread [0048] 24 Seal [0049] 25 Radial bore [0050] 30 Valve slider [0051] 31 First aperture [0052] 32 Second aperture [0053] 33 First choke [0054] 34 Adjustment direction [0055] 35 First position of valve slider [0056] 36 Second position of valve slider [0057] 37 Third position of valve slider [0058] 38 First control edge [0059] 39 Second control edge [0060] 40 First spring [0061] 41 Spring plate [0062] 42 Second choke [0063] 50 Pilot pressure-limiting valve [0064] 51 Third aperture [0065] 52 Valve seat [0066] 53 Valve cone [0067] 55 Valve body [0068] 56 Insert [0069] 60 Pole tube [0070] 62 Second channel [0071] 70 Rotor [0072] 71 Channel in rotor [0073] 80 Bush [0074] 81 Setscrew [0075] 82 Second spring [0076] 83 Adjustment piston [0077] 84 Lock nut [0078] 85 Cover cap [0079] 90 Coil [0080] 91 Coil housing [0081] 92 Retaining nut [0082] 93 Connection bush [0083] 94 Electromagnetic actuation