Fall arrester having damping, and damping elements for a fall protection device

Abstract

Fall arrester (1) for a cable holding device (2) which can be installed without a roof penetration, which cable holding device has at least one post (2a), wherein the fall arrester (1) has multiple layers at least in one section of the fall arrester and a post stabilizer (4) and/or a post anchorage (5) is integrated into the multi-layer section (3), wherein the post stabilizer (4) and/or the post anchorage (5) has multiple layers at least in one section thereof, and wherein the multi-layer section (3) of the fall arrester (1) has at least one layer (3a) made of composite material reinforced with glass fibers and/or with carbon fibers (FRP layer), and said FRP layer (3a) also forms a layer of the multi-layer post stabilizer (4) and/or of the multi-layer post anchorage (5). Furthermore, an at least partially multi-layer post stabilizer (4) which comprises at least one layer (3a) made of a composite material (FRP layer) which is reinforced by glass fibers and/or by carbon fibers and a fall protection device which is constructed of several cable holding devices and a fall protection system constructed of several fall protection devices respectively.

Claims

1. A fall arrester device, comprising: a fall arrester for a cable holding device with a post, wherein the fall arrester is a flat, ballast receiving device disposable below a roof covering and can be installed without a roof penetration, and the fall arrester has a multi-layer section with multiple layers; and a damping element connected to the fall arrester and including at least one of a post stabiliser configured to surround a surface shell of the post at least partially and extend in a vertical direction at least up to one third of a total height of the post or a post anchorage configured to receive the post or a post adapter, the damping element being integrated into the multi-layer section, such that the damping element includes the multiple layers in at least one section thereof, wherein the multiple layers of each of the multi-layer section of the fall arrester and the at least one section of the damping element include a fiber-reinforced layer made of composite material reinforced with at least one of glass fibers or carbon fibers.

2. The fall arrester device according to claim 1, wherein the fall arrester includes additional receiving elements for ballast serving for enlargement of an area of the fall arrester, and at least part of an area of the fiber-reinforced layer rests on an upper side of the additional receiving elements.

3. The fall arrester device according to claim 1, wherein the damping element is the post stabiliser, and the fiber-reinforced layer comprises a layer made of a glass fiber reinforced composite material, wherein the fiber-reinforced layer forms a continuous layer through the multi-layer section of the fall arrester and the at least one section of the damping element.

4. The fall arrester device according to claim 3, wherein the post stabiliser is a post cover and the at least one section of the damping element comprises a socle of the post stabiliser arranged in a plane, wherein the socle is connected with the fall arrester, the multiple layers of the at least one section of the damping element comprise a structure having at least three layers, and wherein a topmost layer of the socle and a lowermost layer of the socle each consist of the fiber-reinforced layer.

5. The fall arrester device according to claim 4, wherein the socle of the post stabiliser further comprises a layer made of at least one of a fabric, a bendable metal, or an elastic polymer.

6. The fall arrester device according to claim 1, wherein the damping element is the post anchorage with a center opening for the reception of the post or the post adapter and an edge region of the center opening comprises the fiber-reinforced layer.

7. The fall arrester device according to claim 1, wherein the damping element has at least one predetermined breaking point.

8. The fall arrester device according to claim 7, wherein the damping device is the post stabiliser and the at least one predetermined breaking point is disposed in a region of an upper side opening of the port stabiliser, in a region of a surface shell of the post stabiliser, or in a region of a socle of the post stabiliser which is connected with the fall arrester.

9. The fall arrester device according to claim 8, wherein the post stabiliser comprises in the region of the upper side opening at least three predetermined breaking points, and wherein the at least three predetermined breaking points are designed as insections or as longitudinal openings arranged with the same distance to one another respectively starting from the upper side opening.

10. The fall arrester device according to claim 1, wherein the fall arrester comprises at least two flat receiving elements for ballast for the enlargement of the fall arrester area which are arranged to another equidistantly about a center of the fall arrester, wherein an upper side or a lower side of the receiving elements for ballast are connected with the fiber-reinforced layer which is also part of the damping element.

11. The fall arrester device according to claim 1, wherein the multiple layers of the at least one section of the damping element and the multi-layer section of the fall arrester comprise at least three layers, and each of a topmost layer and a lowermost layer of the at least three layers consists of the fiber-reinforced layer.

12. A post stabiliser device, comprising: a post stabiliser for a cable holding device that has a post and a stand element, wherein the post stabiliser includes an upper aperture in the region of an upper side and a lower aperture in the region of a lower side for the reception of the post, and wherein the post stabiliser envelopes a surface shell of the post at least partially and extends in a vertical direction at least up to one third of a total height of the post, and wherein the post stabiliser includes a multi-layer section with multiple layers, at least one layer of the multiple layers comprises a composite material reinforced by glass fibers.

13. The post stabiliser according to claim 12, wherein the post stabiliser is a post cover, and the post stabiliser comprises at least on predetermined breaking point.

14. The post stabiliser according to claim 13, wherein the multi-layer section of the post stabiliser is part of a socle of the post stabiliser which is connected with the fall arrester, and the multi-layer section further comprises at least one layer made of a fabric, a bendable metal, or an elastic polymer.

15. The post stabiliser according to claim 12, wherein the multiple layers of the multi-layer section include at least three layers, and each of the two outermost layers of the multi-layer section consists of the fiber-reinforced layer.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

(1) FIG. 1 multi-layer fall arrester with integrated post cover

(2) FIG. 2 detailed view of the multi-layer fall arrester with integrated post anchorage and reinforcement in the socle area

(3) FIG. 3 cone-shaped post cover as post stabilizer

(4) FIG. 4a post cover with integrated fall arrester

(5) FIG. 4b post cover with grid fall arrester which is laid on in the upper side

(6) FIG. 4c post cover with integrated fall arrester and grid fall arrester which is laid on in the upper side

(7) FIG. 5 fall arrester with integrated post cover and reinforcement in the socle area and in the region of the upper side (top plan view)

(8) FIG. 6 fall arrester with integrated post cover without reinforcement (top plan view)

(9) FIG. 7 fall arrester with integrated post cover and a post with helical bended damping section

(10) FIG. 8 multi-layer fall arrester with integrated post anchorage and a post adapter which is received by the post anchorage

(11) FIG. 9 multi-layer fall arrester with integrated post anchorage for the reception of a post adapter

(12) FIG. 10 multi-layer fall arrester with integrated multi-layer post anchorage and a post adapter which is received by the post anchorage

(13) FIG. 11 multi-layer fall arrester with post anchorage and a multi-layer post adapter which is integrated in the also multi-layer post anchorage

(14) FIG. 12 post cover with cross member which cross itself

(15) FIG. 13 fall arrester with a post cover which is reinforced in the socle region and in the upper end section

(16) FIG. 14 cone-shaped post cover with predetermined breaking points in the socle region and in the region of the surface shell

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(17) FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a cone-shaped post stabiliser 4 which is designed in a multi-layer manner in the socle region 4d. The socle region 4d is at first characterized in its shape in that it comprises a recess 4p in its bottom region which shape and size corresponds of a stand element (not depicted) of a cable holding device which can be inserted into the post stabilizer. Thereby the fall arrester 1 with the integrated cone-shaped post stabiliser 4a can be put onto the cable holding device 2 from above (as shown in FIG. 7) without a deformation of the fall arrester 1 takes place in the region which is arranged above the stand element.

(18) The multi-layer design in the socle region 4d comprises beside the upper FRP layer 4e and the lower FRP layer 4f two further layers 4n, 4m. In the shown example the layer 4n consists of a sheet metal and the second layer 4m of a woven or non-woven fabric (nonwoven fabric). For the setup of the multi-layer socle 4d a discus-shaped disk made of sheet metal 4n is put from above onto the cone after the attachment of the lower FRP layer 4e. Subsequently, the attachment of the layers 4m and 4e occurs. The multi-layer design has only due to the cover by the outer FRP layer 4e and 4f, which encase the multi-layer structure, specific deformation properties.

(19) FIG. 2 shows in detail the layer construction of a post stabilizer 4 which is designed cone-shaped as post cover 4a. Between the upper layer 4e and the lower layer 4f a metal 4n is arranged being an additional layer. The metal 4n is set on edge in the socle region of the post cover 4a and causes thereby a reinforcement 4g of the post stabiliser 4 in the bottom region, i. e. in the region of the socle 4d of the post cover 4a. Alternatively or additionally the layer 4n can consist of a polymer 4o instead of metal. Beside the metal 4n a woven or non-woven fabric 4m is integrated between the upper layer 4e and the lower layer 4f. The lower drawing of FIG. 2 shows the post cover 4a in cross section with the upper aperture 4b and the lower aperture 4c as well as the lower recess 4p.

(20) The cone-shaped post stabilizer 4a which is integrated in the fall arrester 1 has a multi-layer structure. Thereby, the outer layers, i. e. the upper layer 4e and the lower layer 4f, consists respectively of a FRP material which also forms the outer and inner side of the cone which belongs to the post stabiliser 4. Simultaneously, the two outer layers 4e, 4f project in radial direction beyond the socle and form the surface of the fall arrester 1 which adjoins to the socle region 4d. I. e. in this section of the fall arrester 1 the load reception layer 4m made of woven or non-woven fabric is imbedded sandwich-like by the two outer layers 4e, 4f.

(21) FIG. 3 shows a cone-shaped post stabiliser 4a with an upper aperture 4b and a lower aperture 4c. The upper end of the post with the cable fixation 2g projects through the upper aperture 4b of the post stabiliser 4. The socle region of the post stabiliser 4 rest onto the upper side of the stand element and loads the same.

(22) FIG. 4a shows in cross section a cable holding device 2 consisting of post and stand element which has at the upper end a cable fixation 2g. A plane material, which can consist of a woven or non-woven fabric 1c, rests on the stand element 2b for the enlargement of the surface.

(23) Specifically preferred as plane material is non-woven fabric. The fall arrester has a central aperture which is provided for the reception of the post. The connection between the cone-shaped post stabiliser 4 and the ballast receiving element 4m/1c (capture carpet) can also be established as detachable connection by means of screws or rivets. The mentioned components form together the fall arrester device 6.

(24) FIG. 4b shows an alternative embodiment of the device as shown in FIG. 4a. At the embodiment as shown in FIG. 4b the fall arrester 1 does not consist of a plane material but of a grid-shaped material 1d. The bulk good which is provided for the setup of the green covering of the roof penetrates into the spacing of the grid fall arrester 1d and increases thereby the friction resistance of the fall arrester 1 in the case of a fall. The mentioned components form together the fall arrester device 6.

(25) FIG. 4c shows an alternative embodiment of the fall arrester device 6 as shown in FIG. 4b. The fall arrester device 6 according to FIG. 4c is characterized in that additionally a ballast receiving element 1c made of a woven or non-woven fabric is connected with the socle 4d of the post cover 4a beside the grid fall arrester 1d.

(26) FIG. 5 shows a cone-shaped post stabiliser 4a in a top plan view. Its upper side has in total four predetermined breaking points 4i, wherein the predetermined breaking points 4i which are designed as longitudinal openings go out respectively from the central aperture 4b. The longitudinal openings 4i allow in the case of a load the controlled ripping of a post in the upper side and in the adjoining surface shell of the post cover 4a. The predetermined breaking points 4i which are designed in the shape of longitudinal openings are arranged star-shaped to another at equal distance. Thereby the post 2a which will bend in the case of a load is guided in the respective next longitudinal opening 4i.

(27) Seen in the top plan view the cone-shaped post stabiliser 4a comprises in the lower region four rag-like shaped area elements 4q made of FRP material. Those area elements 4q cause a stabilization of the socle 4d and also an enlargement of the resting area so that a post cover 4a equipped with the area elements 4q is still better fixed by the load of the green covering of the roof. An additional enlargement of the resting area is obtained by the ballast receiving element 4m.

(28) The post cover 4a comprises in the socle region the reinforcement 4g. In the upper end section the post cover 4a comprises the upper reinforcement 4a.

(29) FIG. 6 shows the post stabiliser as explained in FIG. 5 in an embodiment without the reinforcements 4g, 4h.

(30) FIG. 7 shows a cable holding device 2 with a post 2a and a stand element 2b, wherein the post 2a comprises in the middle section a helical bended post section 2b. The helical winding in the post section 2d causes an additional damping in the case of a fall. The post has a cable fixation 2g in the upper end section. In the shown example the cable fixation 2g consists of a ring-shaped opening. Alternatively, the cable fixation can consist of a snap-hook or of a bayonet catch.

(31) The post 2a of the cable holding device 2 can also be designed in several parts and needs not pass over in the stand element 2b in one piece but can be connected with a post adapter as shown in the FIGS. 8 to 11.

(32) FIG. 8 shows the fall arrester device 6 with a multi-layer fall arrester section 3b and a post anchorage 5 under the load of the green covering of the roof 7.

(33) The multi-layer fall arrester section 3b comprises the upper FRP layer 3a, the lower FRP layer 3e and the layer 3f made of a woven or non-woven fabric which enlarge the fall arrester area as ballast receiving element.

(34) The post anchorage 5 serves as anchorage for the post adapter 2f. The post anchorage 5 comprises a recess 5f which corresponds in shape and size to the cross section of the upper section of the post adapter 2f. In the shown example the post 2a is built up in several parts, wherein the lower part which projects beyond the green covering of the roof 7 is formed by the U-shaped bended adapter 2f. To the post adapter 2f belong the lateral extensions which are arranged in the plane and on which upper side the post anchorage 5 rests which is integrated in the fall arrester. The U-shaped section of the post adapter 2f projects through the central opening 5a of the post anchorage and is accessible from the upper side for the fixation of the post 2a.

(35) FIG. 9 shows the post anchorage 5 together with the post 2a which is fixed at the post adapter 2f. The post 2a is surrounded by a cover. In the case of a fall the post 2a is bended and the cover releases from its original position so that the load of the post is displayed. The post anchorage comprises the recess 5f at the bottom side. In the region of the opening 5a the post anchorage 5 is built up in a multi-layer manner, wherein the upper layer 5b and the lower layer 5c is made from a glass fiber reinforced material. Between the layers 5b and 5c the ballast receiving element 3f/1c is integrated for the enlargement of the fall arrester area.

(36) The multi-layer fall arrester section 3d is formed beside the outer FRP layers 3a, 3e by reinforcement made of an elastic material 3d, the layer 3f made of a woven or non-woven fabric and the metal reinforcement 3c.

(37) FIG. 10 shows the post adapter 2f which is integrated in the opening 5a of the post anchorage so that the lateral sections of the post adapter 2f project in the multi-layer designed fall arrester section 3 and are integrated there. The connection between the lateral sections of the post adapter 2f and the layers of the multi-layer fall arrester 3 in the region of the opening 5a can take place either by fixation means, like e. g. screws, or by an adhesive. To allow the penetration of the adhesive in the different layers openings are provided which are arranged vertical and penetrate the layers. The post 2a is connected with the post adapter 2f by the counter nut 2e. Instead of the counter nut 2e also a thread can be machined in the metallic post adapter 2f so that the post 2a can be fixed on it.

(38) FIG. 11 shows a multi-layer designed post adapter 2f which lateral sections are integrated between the upper layer 5b and the lower layer 5c. The post adapter 2f has the reinforcement 5d in the region of the socle. The reinforcement 5d causes an additional stabilization of the post adapter 2f in the case of a fall as well as an improved damping. The post 2a is connected with the post adapter 2f by the counter nut 2e. Instead of the counter nut 2e also a thread can be machined in the post adapter 2f or a nut can be integrated in the multi-layer post adapter 2f made of FRP material so that the post 2a can be fixed on it without a counter nut.

(39) FIG. 12 shows a post stabiliser 4 which consists of two flat steel sheet metal which are bended substantially U-shaped, wherein the two U-shaped bended sheet metals, which form together four cross struts 4l, are arranged perpendicular to another so that the post stabiliser 4 offers a uniform stabilization against a post which is inserted into the stabiliser which is bent into the plane in the case of a fall. The upper aperture 4b of the stabiliser 4 is provided for the lead-through of the post.

(40) FIG. 13 shows a post stabiliser 4 which is designed as cone-shaped post cover 4a. The speciality of the shown post cover 4a is that this comprises in the socle area 4d the lower reinforcement 4g and in the region of the upper end section of the post cover 4a the upper reinforcement 4h. The two reinforcements 4g and 4h cause in the case of a fall an additional stabilization of the post cover. The lower reinforcement 4g causes especially an improved connection between the post cover and the socle area of the post stabiliser 4.

(41) FIG. 14 shows a post stabiliser 4 which post cover 4a has a cone-shape. In the region of the surface shell the post cover 4a has the predetermined breaking point 4j. In the region of the socle 4d the post cover 4a has the predetermined breaking point 4k. The predetermined breaking point 4j can be punctual or as shown in the example can consist of a plurality of predetermined breaking points which are arranged in a line. The same applies for the predetermined breaking point 4k in the region of the socle 4d. In the shown example the predetermined breaking point 4j consists of a plurality of punctual predetermined breaking points which are arranged one after the other. For the enlargement of the resting area the post stabiliser 4 as shown in FIG. 14 has in total four lug-like ballast receiving elements 4q. The lug-like ballast receiving elements 4q are preferably designed at least in a two-layer manner, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer respectively consist of a material which is reinforced by glass fibers. Thereby the lug-like enlargements 4q are flexible and can be flapped upward or downwards for the transport of the post stabiliser.

LIST OF REFERENCES

(42) 1 Fall arrester 1a Upper layer made of a glass fibre reinforced material 1b Lower layer made of a glass fibre reinforced material 1c Receiving element for ballast for the enlargement of the fall arrester area 1d Grid fall arrester for the enlargement of the fall arrester area 2 Cable holding device 2a Post of the cable holding device 2b Stand element of the holding device for the cable 2c Stand element made of a helically bended profile 2d Post section made of a helically bended profile 2e Fixation element for the post (counter nut) 2f Post adapter 2g Cable fixation (fixation element for the safety rope) 3 Multi-layer section of the fall arrester arrangement 3a Upper layer made of a glass fibre reinforced material 3b Multi-layer fall arrester section 3c Reinforcement made of metal 3d Reinforcement made of an elastic material 3e Lower layer made of a glass fibre reinforced material 3f Woven or non-woven fabric 4 Post stabiliser 4a Cone-shaped post cover as post stabiliser 4b Upper aperture of the post cover 4c Lower aperture of the post cover 4d Socle of the post cover 4e Upper layer made of a glass fibre reinforced material 4f Lower layer made of a glass fibre reinforced material 4g Lower reinforcement of the post stabiliser 4h Upper reinforcement of the post stabiliser 4i Predetermined breaking point in the region of the upper side of the post cover 4j Predetermined breaking point in the region of the shell of the post cover 4k Predetermined breaking point in the region of the socle of the post cover 4l Post stabiliser with integrated cross struts 4m Woven or non-woven fabric 4n Metal 4o Polymer 4p Recess at the lower side of the post cover 4q Receiving element for ballast for the enlargement of the area of support of the post stabiliser 5 Post anchorage (lying in the plane of the fall arrester) 5a Opening of the post anchorage 5b Upper layer made of a glass fibre reinforced material 5c Lower layer made of a glass fibre reinforced material 5d Reinforcement of the post anchorage 5e Predetermined breaking point of the post anchorage 5f Recess at the lower side of the post anchorage 6 Fall arrester device 7 Green covering of the roof