Method and device for braking rotating and/or slewing gears

Abstract

Device and process for braking rotating and/or slewing gears of work machines comprising at least one dynamic service brake for decelerating a rotating and/or pivotal movement of the rotating and/or slewing gear, and at least one static holding brake (16), by means of which the rotating and/or slewing gear can be locked in one position, wherein at least one sensor (14) is assigned to the dynamic service brake (11a) and/or to the static holding brake (16), said sensor detecting the current movement of the rotating and/or slewing gear, and the sensor (14) being connected to a controller (13, 19) that detects an actuation of the dynamic service brake (11, 11a) said controller actuating the static holding brake (16) when in case of continued rotating and/or pivoting movement of the rotating and/or slewing gear when a dynamic service brake (11a) is still actuated.

Claims

1. Mobile crane having a revolving superstructure and rotating gears for said revolving superstructure and comprising at least one dynamic service brake designed for decelerating a rotating movement of the rotating gear and at least one static holding brake designed for locking the rotating gear being in a standstill in one position, by means of which the rotating and/or slewing gear is configured to be locked in one position, wherein at least one sensor (14) is assigned to the dynamic service brake and/or to the static holding brake (11a, 16), said sensor detecting the current movement of the rotating and/or slewing gear, and said sensor (14) being connected to a controller (13, 19) that detects the actuation of the dynamic service brake (11, 11a) and that, in case of a failure of said dynamic service brake (11a) being detected by a continued rotating movement of the rotating gear although the dynamic service brake (11a) is continually actuated said controller actuates the static holding brake (16), wherein the static holding brake (16) is regulated at a specified clock rate via the controller (13,19) for decelerating the rotating movement of the rotating gear to a standstill.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor (14) for detecting the rotating and/or pivoting movement of the rotating and/or slewing gear is designed as a rotational speed sensor or a hydraulic flow-rate sensor.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the clock rate of the static holding brake (16) actuated by the controller (13, 19) is designed fixed or variable.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein static holding brake (16) remains permanently closed after standstill of the rotating and/or of the slewing gear as long as the dynamic service brake (11a) is still in operation.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein when a minimum rotational speed of the rotating and/or slewing gear is fallen short of, the static holding brake (16) remains permanently applied as long as the dynamic service brake (11a) remains in operation.

6. A method of controlling a mobile crane having a revolving superstructure and rotating gears for said revolving superstructure, the method comprising the process steps of: a) utilizing a static holding brake (16) designed for locking the rotating gear being in a standstill in one position for regulated braking of rotating gears of mobile cranes having a revolving superstructure and rotating gears for said revolving superstructure, b) detecting a rotating movement of the rotating gears by means of a sensor (14), c) starting of a clocked actuation of the static holding brake (14) for the rotating gear in case of a failure of a dynamic service brake (11a) designed for decelerating a rotating movement of the rotating gears of mobile cranes having a revolving superstructure and rotating gears for said revolving superstructure being detected by a continued actuation of a dynamic service brake (11a) together with a continued rotating movement of the rotating gears by means of a controller (13, 19) connected to the sensor (14) during the rotating process, d) actuating the static holding brake (16) via a brake pedal and/or control lever assigned to the mobile crane having a revolving superstructure and rotating gears for said revolving superstructure, e) actuating the static holding brake (16) via the controller (13, 19), wherein actuating the static holding brake (16) is rotational speed dependent, f) evaluating the brake pedal position and/or control lever position for the actuation of the static holding brake (16) and permanent application of the static holding brake (16) in case of a complete standstill of the rotating gear or when the speed of the rotating gear falls below a minimum rotational speed of 0.01 to 0.2 revolutions/minute.

7. A work machine having a device according to one of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, wherein the work machine is a work machine with a revolving superstructure.

8. The work machine according to claim 7, wherein the work machine is a mobile crane.

9. The work machine according to claim 7, wherein the work machine is a revolving platform.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention will be described below on the basis of exemplary drawings with reference to the attached drawings. They show:

(2) FIG. 1 a block diagram of the control system,

(3) FIG. 2 a block diagram of the hydraulic system for an open circuit, and

(4) FIG. 3 a block diagram of the hydraulic system for a closed circuit.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(5) FIG. 1 shows the inventive device 10 and its actuating elements for a dynamic service brake 11 and the actuating elements 11a associated therewith, as well as a static holding brake 12 and the actuating elements 16 associated therewith, the signals of said actuating elements being registered by a controller that is designed here as a control computer 13. In addition, the control computer 13 registers, via a sensor 14, whether a rotational movement of a rotating and/or slewing gear (neither of which is shown) is carried out or not. In so doing, the control computer 13 evaluates the signals recorded by the sensor 14, possibly taking into account additional parameters, such as, for example, mass moments of inertia. If, when the dynamic service brake 11 is actuated, the rotating and/or slewing gear of the work machine (neither of which is shown) do not, as intended, come to a standstill, emergency braking is started. For this purpose, actuating elements of the static holding brake 16 are actuated by the control computer 13. In so doing, the actuating elements of the static holding brake 16 are actuated such that the holding brake engages and disengages at a specified clock rate until the rotating and/or slewing gear comes to a standstill.

(6) As soon as the sensor 14 reports the standstill of the rotating and/or slewing gear to the control computer 13, the latter permanently engages the static holding brake via the actuating elements. Only when the actuating element for the dynamic service brake 11 is reset by a user do the actuating elements of the static holding brake 16 reopen. Here, it is provided that the static holding brake for the rotating and/or slewing gear can be reengaged by the user via the corresponding actuation element for the static holding brake 12.

(7) FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the hydraulic system of the inventive device in an open circuit for rotating the rotating gear of a work machine. Here, a pump 15 conveys hydraulic oil to a slewing gear motor 17 via an hydraulic control unit 15, said slewing gear motor 17 being driven thereby, and rotating a revolving superstructure of a work machine (not shown) via a gear mechanism 18. The hydraulic control unit 16 is actuated by an electric control unit 19 and determines the direction of rotation and the speed of rotation. During the rotational movement, the static holding brake in the gear mechanism 18 is kept open by connecting a control pressure from a pump 20 via a valve 21.

(8) A dynamic braking operation is started via the electric control unit 19, and the slewing gear motor 17 is decelerated by the hydraulic control unit 16. If the dynamic brake fails, this is detected by the electric control unit 19 by evaluating the information from the sensor 14 (in FIG. 1). As a result, an emergency braking operation is started by means of the valve 21. The electric control unit 19 switches the valve 21 on or off at a specified clock rate, so that the static holding brake in the brake mechanism 18 opens and closes at this clock rate. In this way, the revolving superstructure of a work machine is decelerated in a regulated and controlled manner.

(9) FIG. 3 is the representation of a block diagram of the hydraulic system of the inventive device 10 in a closed circuit.

(10) In this case, a variable displacement pump 22 for a rotating gear conveys hydraulic oil to the slewing gear motor 17. The slewing gear motor 17 is driven in this way, and thereby also the gear mechanism 18 that is operatively connected to the slewing gear motor 17. The gear mechanism 18 in turn establishes the positive locking with the revolving superstructure of the work machine and ultimately drives said revolving superstructure. The variable displacement pump 22 is actuated via the electric control unit 19 and defines the direction of rotation and the speed of rotation. In this configuration, a static holding brake and a dynamic service brake are assigned to the gear mechanism 18. Each can be actuated independently of the other. During a rotational or pivoting movement, the static holding brake in the gear mechanism 18 is kept disengaged by connecting the control pressure of the pump 20 via the valve 21. A dynamic braking operation is started by the electric control unit 19 via a valve 23 for the dynamic service brake. The pump 20 thereby supplies the valve 23 with the required control pressure.

(11) A failure of the dynamic braking system is detected by the electric control unit 19 by evaluating the sensor 14 (in FIG. 1). As a result, emergency braking is started via the valve 21. The electric control unit 19 switches the valve 21 on and off at a specified clock rate, so that the static holding brake in the gear mechanism 18 opens and closes at this clock rate, and the revolving superstructure can in that way be decelerated in a regulated and controlled way.