A method and device for ventilating and temperature controlling rooms
20170130987 ยท 2017-05-11
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
F24F2013/0612
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F24F2221/14
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F24F13/072
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F24F5/0092
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F24F2013/0608
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
E04B9/02
FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
F24F13/26
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
F24F13/26
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
E04B9/02
FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
F24F5/00
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for ventilating and temperature controlling rooms according to the principle of dilution ventilation, wherein a primary air flow (40) is introduced into the ceiling cavity (30) of a room (4), which is partitioned from a story ceiling (26) by a false ceiling (31) and is introduced into the room (4) by means of porosities (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31), wherein the primary air flow (40) in the ceiling cavity (30) produces a secondary air flow (33) as an induction air flow, which vacuums a room air flow (32) from the room (4) into the ceiling cavity (30), mixes with the secondary air flow (33) and introduces it into the room (4) as a tertiary air flow (34) through the porosities (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31).
Claims
1. A method for ventilating and temperature controlling rooms according to the principle of dilution ventilation, wherein the thermal capacity of a story ceiling being covered by a false ceiling (31) in the ceiling cavity is thereby utilized, that the false ceiling (31) covers the entire story ceiling (29) and that thereby a ventilation separation is created between the story ceiling (29) and a room (4) to be temperate controlled, wherein a primary air flow (40) is introduced into the ceiling cavity (30) of a room (4), which is partitioned from a story ceiling (26) by the false ceiling (31) and is introduced into the room (4) by means of air inlets (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31), wherein the primary air flow (40) in the ceiling cavity (30) produces a secondary air flow (33) as an induction air flow, which vacuums a room air flow (32) from the room (4) into the ceiling cavity (30), mixes with the secondary air flow (33) and introduces it into the room (4) as a tertiary air flow (34) through the air inlets (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31).
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary air flow (40) is directed as an induction air flow targetedly against the air inlets (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31) and produces the secondary air flow (33) vacuuming the room air (32).
3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal capacity and cooling capacity of the false ceiling are utilized.
4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the night-time operation the temperature controlling registry used for cooling the false ceiling also simultaneously cools the underside of the story ceiling, and recharges with a certain cooling quantity, which is reemitted during the day-time operation.
5. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat output or heat absorption of the story ceiling is amendable to the room by regulating the primary air volume.
6. A device for ventilating and temperature controlling rooms according to the principle of dilution ventilation, wherein the thermal capacity of a story ceiling being covered by a false ceiling (31) in the ceiling cavity can be utilized, that the false ceiling (31) covers the entire story ceiling (29) and that thereby a ventilation separation is created between the story ceiling (29) and a room (4) to be temperate controlled, wherein a primary air flow (40) can be introduced into the ceiling cavity (30) of a room (4), which is partitioned from a story ceiling (26) by a false ceiling (31) and is introduced into the room (4) by means of air inlets (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31), wherein at least one nozzle duct (25) conducting a primary air flow (40) is arranged in the ceiling cavity (31), which feeds a primary air flow (40) directed targetedly against the air inlets (41, 42, 43) on the false ceiling side through primary air nozzles (36) being arranged on the underside.
7. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that the primary air flow in the ceiling cavity (30) produces a secondary air flow (33) as an induction air flow, which vacuums a room air flow (32) from the room (4) through porosities into the false ceiling (31) into the ceiling cavity (30), mixes with the secondary air flow (33) and introduces it into the room (4) through porosities (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31).
8. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that at least some of the air inlets in the false ceiling (31) are formed as diffusors (43).
9. A device according to claim 8, characterized in that the diffusor (43) consists of a conical section being arranged on the inlet side, which passes into a cylindrical section being arranged on the outlet side.
10. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that the primary air as a free jet in the form of a pointed core zone (37) with high speed flows from the primary air nozzles (36) of the nozzle duct (25), and is directed flushly to the air inlets (41) being positioned on the false ceiling side.
11. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that the false ceiling (31) and/or the story ceiling (29) is/are temperature controlled.
12. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that the air-carrying porosities in the false ceiling (31), through which the room air flow (32) is sucked into the ceiling cavity (30), are formed as distance joints (10) between ceiling panels (8, 9) of the false ceiling.
13. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that additional temperature control registers are arranged in the story ceiling.
14. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that the air guide elements are arranged in a ceiling cavity (30), which is formed by a false ceiling (31) being installed in the room and completely downwardly covering the story ceiling.
15. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that at least the underside (26a) of the story ceiling (26) or the entire story ceiling (26) itself or even all surrounding surfaces, which define the ceiling cavity (30) work as thermal exchange surfaces.
Description
[0065] In the drawings:
[0066]
[0067]
[0068]
[0069]
[0070]
[0071]
[0072]
[0073]
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[0075]
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[0080]
[0081]
[0082] In
[0083] It is only schematically shown that such a room is defined by a corridor 1, which comprises separating corridor walls 2, which are penetrated by door elements 3. The door elements 3 each lead into a room 4, which should be temperature controlled orgenerallycooled and heated as per the invention.
[0084] The room is defined by lateral partition walls 5, which end in faade columns 7 on the facade side. Windows 6 are arranged between the faade columns 7.
[0085] The ceiling side of the room 4 is formed by a false ceiling 31, which is formed from a plurality of closely abutting ceiling panels 8, 9.
[0086] The ceiling panels 8 are formed rectangularly in the illustrated exemplary embodiment and have, for example, a size of 0.6 m1.70 m.
[0087] The ceiling panels 8 are not necessarily rectangular. They can take any form. They can be oval, round, trapezoidal, triangular, or profiled in another way. It is important that, in a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention in question, two different types of ceiling panels are used, namely ceiling panels 9, which are not provided with a longitudinal slit, and further ceiling panels 8 comprising a longitudinal slit, which shall be subsequently referred to as supply air slit 42.
[0088] In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the longitudinally abutting ceiling panels 8, 9 comprise open distance joints 10, which extend preferably over the entire length of the abutting ceiling panels 8, 9 and have a width of, for example, 5 mm.
[0089] The distance joints 10 are permeable to air and open into the room. The abutting transverse joints of the ceiling panels 8, 9 are impermeable to air in the illustrated exemplary embodiment.
[0090] According to
[0091] The air flow 14 is initially fed into a volume flow controller 16, at whose output a silencer 17 is arranged feeding into a supply duct 18, which feeds the such conditioned primary air flow in the direction of the arrow 19 in one or a plurality of distributor pipes 20 leading into the room.
[0092] In the exemplary embodiment, only one distributor pipe 20 feeding into the room 4 is shown. The invention is not limited to this. A plurality of parallelly arranged distributor pipes can also be arranged.
[0093] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the distributor pipe 20 is air-tightly connected with one or a plurality of transverse pipes 22, wherein the one or a plurality of transverse pipes 22 is connected with one or a plurality of distributor pipes 21.
[0094] The type of air distribution into the room 4 is thus represented arbitrarily and can be modified in many ways.
[0095] The primary air being supplied into the room in the direction of the arrow 19 via the distributor pipes 20, 21 divides the air flow 40 into a plurality of nozzle ducts branching vertically or at least at an angle from the distributor pipes 20, 21 and connecting air-tightly via connecting branches 23 with the distribution pipes 20, 21.
[0096] The nozzle ducts 25 have a structurally identical construction. However, because they are located locally at different points in the room 4, they are labelled 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d.
[0097] In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, for example, the nozzle duct 25d being located on the window side ends parallel to the window 6.
[0098]
[0099] In the area of the ceiling cavity 30, the mixing of the primary air flow 40 occurs with a secondary air flow 33 being sucked into the ceiling cavity 30 from the room air flow 32.
[0100] An induction air flow is thereby generated, which is shown as primary air in
[0101] This produces the evidence that a low-turbulence, relatively draft-free room air is produced in the form of a ventilation and temperature controlling with a tertiary air flow 34. The tertiary air flow 34 consists of a temperature controlled primary air flow 40 and a secondary air flow 33 being extracted from the room air flow 32.
[0102] In
[0103] Such porosities are, for exampleas mentioned in the general part of the descriptionthe distance joints 10 between the ceiling panels 8, 9.
[0104] In the exemplary embodiment according to
[0105] Starting from the nozzle duct 25, a number of primary air nozzles 36 arranged at intervals to each other are arranged on the floor side of the nozzle duct, which are formed as round nozzle openings with a diameter, for example, of 1 mm.
[0106] The invention is not limited to this. Instead of round profiled primary air nozzles 36, rectangular, triangular or otherwise profiled primary air nozzle cross sections can also be used.
[0107] It is important that the primary air flow supplied from the primary air in the direction of the arrow 51 into the nozzle duct 25 has, for example, a temperature in the range of 10 C. to 12 C., and is thus cooled or at least temperature controlled.
[0108] The primary air flow emitted via the primary air nozzles 36 is radiated in a downwardly vertically directed, pointed core zone 37 in the direction of the upper side of the false ceiling 31.
[0109] The wave forms in
[0110] An air vacuum effect occurs through the forced blowing out of the primary air from the primary air nozzles 36 and through the direction of the primary air flow 40 against the air inlets 41 being arranged in the false ceiling 31.
[0111] In a preferred embodiment, the air inlets 41 are formed as air diffusers. The conically tapering profile 44 of the air inlets 41 being formed as air diffusors is formed by a first, approximately horizontal leg 45, which passes at an angle into an adjoining, diagonally directed leg 46, which in turn passes into a vertical leg 47.
[0112] A conically tapering profile of the diffuser 43 is thereby formed, which narrows from the inlet opening in the direction of the outlet opening. This results in a vacuum effect for the room air flow 32, which is sucked through porosities in the false ceiling 31 into the ceiling cavity 30.
[0113] The room air flow 32 is thereby sucked into the ceiling cavity 30 and is admixed to the primary air flow 40 as secondary air flow 33 in the area of a mixing zone 38.
[0114] The mixing zone 38 is designed preferably in a conically widening form and is formed by two mutually angularly arranged lines 39, wherein the lines 39 should meet approximately on the inclined legs 46 of the air inlets 41 being formed as diffusers 43.
[0115] An optimal vacuum effect of the secondary air flow 33 and an admixture in the primary air flow 40 in the area of the mixing zone 38 thereby occurs.
[0116] Instead of the embodiment of air inlets 41 in the false ceiling 31 as diffusers 43, other cross-sectional shapes are also provided.
[0117] The diffuser 43 is not a nozzle, since a reduction of the air speed occurs and the air should flow as uniformly as possible and low-turbulence into the room 4. Accordingly, the mixing ventilation is virtually free from turbulence.
[0118] Instead of the conically tapering shape of the diffuser shown here, other forms are also conceivable.
[0119] The cross-section of the diffuser 43 can also be designed purely cylindrically, and the diffuser 43 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment is formed with the profile 45 as a slit opening, as shown.
[0120] Instead of a slit opening, other diffusor lengths and cross sections can also be chosenas explained later.
[0121]
[0122] A size ratio of about 1:100 is used here. It is furthermore clear that there is no nozzle-like effect in the diffuser 43 (supply air slit 42).
[0123] Furthermore,
[0124]
[0125] The primary air flow 40 forms a mixing zone 38, into which the secondary air flow 33 is sucked. The secondary air flow 33 originates from the room air flow 36, which is vacuumed through the porosities, for example the distance joints 10 in
[0126] The transverse joints 11 are air-impermeable in the illustrated exemplary embodiment.
[0127] However, in another, not shown exemplary embodiment, it can also be provided that the longitudinally extending distance joints 10 are air-impermeable and the transverse joints 11 are air-permeable.
[0128] Furthermore, it can be seen from
[0129] The distance 58 between the nozzle duct 25 and the parallel supply air slit 42 can be modified within wide limits. In this way, the supply air slit 42 penetrating the false ceiling 31 can extend the width of the ceiling panel 8 in the center or a one third or two thirds.
[0130] In any case, it is important that the nozzle duct 25 is located (lushly over the supply air slits 42 arranged in the false ceiling 31, as
[0131]
[0132] The primary air flow 40 is directed targetedly into the air inlets 41, 41a.
[0133] The air inlets 41, 41a do not have to just be laid parallel in a line to the lateral boundaries of the respective ceiling panel 8, 9. They can also be directed lengthways to an alignment line 52, 52a, 52b, which extends anti-parallel to the longitudinal side of the respective ceiling panel 8, 9. The alignment lines 52 can also form a certain alignment angle 53 to each other.
[0134] The exemplary embodiment shows that the room air 32 is vacuumed to the open distance joints 10.
[0135] The invention is not limited to this.
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[0141] The middle part of
[0142] Furthermore, it can be deduced from
[0143] The wall connection side 61 can be air-open, and the room air 32 can only vacuumed to the wall connection sides of the entire false ceiling 31.
[0144] The air-permeable wall connection side 61 can either be provided on the narrow side or on the wide side of the false ceiling 31, or the air-tight opening of the false ceiling can be provided peripherally on all wall connection sides 61.
[0145] Such air-open wall connection sides 61 are shown, for example, in
[0146]
[0147] Thus there is the advantage that, for example in night hours, if the room 4 is not occupied, the story ceiling 26 can be temperature controlled using the tempering pipes 54, and the mixed air flow produced in the ceiling cavity 30 additionally flows along to the underside of the story ceiling 26, is temperature controlled there, mixes as the mixed air flow (secondary air flow 33) with the room air, is admixed to the primary air flow 40 and flows as a tertiary air flow 34 into the room with the speed profile illustrated in
[0148] The advantage of this measure is that during the night hours the story ceiling 26 is temperature controlled and the temperature controlling is no longer necessary during daytime operation.
[0149] Another advantage is that the temperature control circuit 56 is formed controllably with the main pipes 55, such that any temperature controlling of the story ceiling 26 can take place during the day or night.
[0150]
[0151]
[0152] This is carried out by an adjustable temperature control circuit.
[0153] An advantage of the arrangement according to
[0154] The underside 26a of the story ceiling 26 is thereby also used for temperature controlling the ceiling cavity 30, such that the secondary air flow 33 originating from the room air flow 32 is lead to the additionally temperature controlled underside 26a of the story ceiling 26, further cooled or heated there, and then admixed as a secondary air flow 33 to the primary air flow 40 and reintroduced into the room as a tertiary air flow 34.
[0155]
[0156] An advantage to the method as per the invention and the device working with the method is that a draft-free and turbulence-free temperature controlling of rooms can take place with significantly lower tempering expense, because the actual mixing procedures between a primary air flow and a secondary air flow take place in the ceiling cavity 30 separated from the room above a false ceiling 31.
[0157] All rooms can thereby be regulated independently depending on the load, because the variable volume flow of the primary air flow is the dominating tempering factor, which can be simply defined by regulating the volume flow controller.
[0158] Higher cooling capacities result thereby because large exchange surfaces are provided, since at least the underside 26a of the story ceiling 26 or the entire story ceiling 26 itself or even all surrounding surfaces, which define the ceiling cavity 30, are used as heat exchange surfaces. This was not the case in the prior art.
[0159] For simpler description, the parts provided with reference numerals are not additionally labelled with their lower case letters a, b, c, d in the following patent claims, although the so labelled parts are also included in the scope of protection of the patent claims.
DRAWING LEGEND
[0160] 1 Corridor
[0161] 2 Separating corridor wall
[0162] 3 Door element
[0163] 4 Room
[0164] 5 Partition walls
[0165] 6 Window
[0166] 7 Facade supports
[0167] 8 Ceiling panel (longitudinal slit)
[0168] 9 Ceiling panel (without slit)
[0169] 10 Distance joint (open)
[0170] 11 Transverse joint
[0171] 12 Air distribution system
[0172] 13 Outlet pipe
[0173] 14 Direction of arrow
[0174] 15 Main duct
[0175] 16 Volume flow controller
[0176] 17 Silencer
[0177] 18 Supply duct
[0178] 19 Direction of arrow
[0179] 20 Distributor pipe
[0180] 21 Distributor pipe
[0181] 22 Transverse pipe
[0182] 23 Connecting support
[0183] 24 Corridor suspended ceiling
[0184] 25 Nozzle duct 25a, b, c, d
[0185] 26 Story ceiling 26a Underside
[0186] 27 Room floor
[0187] 28 Cavity
[0188] 29 Story ceiling
[0189] 30 Ceiling cavity
[0190] 31 False ceiling
[0191] 32 Room air flow 32b
[0192] 33 Secondary air flow
[0193] 34 Tertiary air flow
[0194] 35 Speed profile a, b, c
[0195] 36 Primary air nozzles (in 25)
[0196] 37 Core zone (of 40)
[0197] 38 Mixing zone
[0198] 39 Line
[0199] 40 Primary air flow
[0200] 41 Air inlet
[0201] 42 Supply air slit
[0202] 43 Diffusor
[0203] 44 Profile
[0204] 45 Leg
[0205] 46 Leg
[0206] 47 Leg
[0207] 48 Angle (of 39)
[0208] 49 Disconnection part
[0209] 50
[0210] 51 Direction of arrow
[0211] 52 Alignment line a, b, c
[0212] 53 Alignment angle
[0213] 54 Tempering pipe
[0214] 55 Main pipe
[0215] 56 Temperature control circuit
[0216] 57 Temperature controlling registry
[0217] 58 Interval
[0218] 59 Ceiling panel opening
[0219] 60 Tempering air flow (of 33) 60a
[0220] 61 Wall connection side