Turbocharger with friction-increasing coating

Abstract

The turbocharger according to the invention has a rotor with a compressor wheel as well as a turbine wheel that is connected in a rotationally-fixed manner to the compressor wheel by means of a common shaft. The compressor wheel and the shaft are form-fittingly tensioned with one another, wherein respectively at least one or two torque-transmitting contact surfaces, which lie one atop the other, between components force-fittingly tensioned with one another, is provided with a friction-increasing coating.

Claims

1. A method for assembling a turbocharger, comprising: coating at least a portion of at least one of a compressor wheel, a turbine wheel and a shaft, wherein the coating includes a carrier layer and a particle embedded in the carrier layer; connecting at least one of the turbine wheel and the compressor wheel with the shaft in a rotationally-fixed manner; attaching a shaft nut to a threaded section of the shaft; clamping the compressor wheel against a bearing element having an opening receiving the shaft, and the bearing element in turn is clamped against a stop surface of the shaft, wherein clamping the compressor wheel against the bearing element includes applying an axial force to the compressor wheel defined by the shaft nut untwisted against the compressor wheel on the threaded section of the shaft; and forming a micro-fit between the coated portion of the at least one of the compressor wheel, turbine wheel and shaft with a contact surface of at least one other of the compressor wheel, turbine wheel and shaft, the coating providing a friction-increasing connection between the coated portion and the contact surface and exhibiting via the particle a greater hardness with a greater thermal loading capacity in comparison to the respective contact surface.

2. The method claim 1, wherein the compressor wheel is coated on a surface tensioned clamped against the bearing element.

3. A rotor assembly of a turbocharger, comprising: a shaft having a thinner shaft part, a thicker shaft part and a stop surface that forms a transition between the thinner shaft part and the thicker shaft part, and the thinner shaft part has a threaded section; a shaft nut coupled to the threaded section of the thinner shaft part; a bearing element having an opening receiving the shaft; a compressor wheel force-fittingly clamped to the shaft, the shaft nut providing an axial force against the compressor wheel that is defined by the shaft nut untwisted against the compressor wheel on the threaded section of the thinner shaft part, such that the shaft nut, the compressor wheel and the bearing element are axially clamped against one another via the axial force with the compressor wheel being axially clamped against the bearing element that is in turn axially clamped against the stop surface of the shaft; a turbine wheel connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the compressor wheel by the shaft; wherein the compressor wheel and the bearing element have a torque-transferring contact surface positioned adjacent one another, and wherein the thinner shaft part and the compressor wheel have a contact surface adjacent one another; and a friction-increasing coating disposed on at least one of (i) the contact surface of at least one of the thinner shaft part and the compressor wheel and (ii) the torque-transferring contact surface of at least one of the compressor wheel and the bearing element; wherein the coating includes a carrier layer and a particle embedded in the carrier layer; and wherein the coating provides a friction-increasing connection and the particle of the coating has a greater hardness and a greater thermal loading capacity in comparison to the at least one of the contact surface and the torque-transferring contact surface having the coating disposed thereon.

4. The rotor assembly of claim 3, wherein two torque-transferring contact surfaces are formed, each between the compressor wheel and the bearing element and between the shaft nut and the compressor wheel, and wherein the coating is disposed on one torque-transferring contact surface between the compressor wheel and the bearing element and between the shaft nut and the compressor wheel.

5. The rotor assembly of claim 3, wherein the bearing element includes a bearing disc and a bearing bush surrounding the thinner shaft part.

6. The rotor assembly of claim 5, wherein the bearing disc abuts the thicker shaft part at the stop surface.

7. A turbocharger comprising: a shaft including a thinner shaft part, a thicker shaft part and a stop surface that forms a transition between the thinner shaft part and the thicker shaft part, the thinner shaft part having a threaded section; a shaft nut attached to the threaded section of the thinner shaft part; a bearing element having an opening receiving the shaft; and a rotor having a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel, and the compressor wheel is force-fittingly clamped to the shaft, wherein the shaft nut is attached to the thinner shaft part and untwisted against the compressor wheel on the threaded section, such that the compressor wheel is axially clamped against the bearing element that is in turn axially clamped against the stop surface of the shaft; wherein the turbine wheel is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the compressor wheel by said shaft; whereby a first pair of torque-transmitting contact surfaces positioned one atop the other is formed by the stop surface and an abutting side of the bearing element, and a second pair of the torque-transmitting contact surfaces is formed by an opposing side of the bearing element and an abutting surface of the compressor wheel; wherein one contact surface of each of the first pair of torque-transmitting contact surfaces and the second pair of torque-transmitting contact surfaces is provided with a friction-increasing coating that includes a particle embedded in a carrier layer, and wherein the particle has a greater hardness with a greater thermal loading capacity in comparison to the contact surface.

8. The turbocharger as specified in claim 7, wherein the particle contained in the coating is at least one of pressed and sunk into the contact surfaces facing one another of the first pair of torque-transmitting contact surfaces and the second pair of torque-transmitting contact surfaces.

9. The turbocharger as specified in claim 8, wherein the turbine wheel is force-fittingly clamped to the shaft.

10. The turbocharger as specified in claim 7, wherein the turbine wheel is force-fittingly clamped to the shaft.

11. The turbocharger as specified in claim 7, wherein the coating is further disposed on one of the shaft and the compressor wheel and further wherein the coating reduces a clamping force required to force-fit the compressor wheel with the shaft.

12. The turbocharger as specified in claim 7, wherein a third pair of the torque-transmitting contact surfaces is formed by an opposing surface of the compressor wheel and an abutting surface of the shaft nut.

13. The turbocharger as specified in claim 7, wherein the shaft nut provides an axial force clamping the compressor wheel against the shaft, the axial force defined by the shaft nut which is untwisted against the compressor wheel on the threaded section of the thinner shaft part.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

(1) The FIGURE illustrates a schematised view of a rotor of an exhaust-gas turbocharger.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(2) In a generally known manner, a rotor 1 of an exhaust-gas turbocharger, which is not more closely shown, has a compressor wheel 2 as well as a turbine wheel 3 that is connected in a rotationally-fixed manner to the compressor wheel 2 by means of a shaft 4. The turbine wheel 3 is fused to the shaft 4 in a generally known manner, while the compressor wheel 2 is press-fittingly tensioned to the shaft 4 by means of a shaft nut 5 that is untwisted on a threaded section of a tapered part 4 of the shaft 4. In the example shown, the compressor wheel 2 is axially tensioned against a stop surface by means of the shaft nut 5 under interconnection of a bearing bush 6, which serves to bear the rotor 1, as well under interconnection of a bearing disc 7, said stop surface forming the transition between the tapered shaft part 4 and the thicker shaft part 4. In order to be able to transfer high torques between the shaft 4 and the compressor wheel 2, it is provided according to the invention that respectively one of two torque-transferring contact surfaces, which are positioned one atop the other, of components that are tensioned against one another, is provided with a friction-increasing coating 8. For example, the compressor wheel 2 and the bearing disc 7 can have a correspondingly complete or partial coating 8 in such a manner that with an already low tension force of the shaft nut 5, high torques can be transmitted between the components 5, 2, 6, 7, and 4, which axially abut one another, and correspondingly high torques between the compressor wheel 2 and the turbine wheel 3 can be transmitted.

(3) In theory, it is sufficient to coat respectively one of two contact surfaces, which are resting one atop the other, in such a manner that the coating 8 needs be applied to minimal components only.

(4) The coating 8 consists respectively of a carrier material and particles or granules embedded therein, which particles or granules exhibit, in addition to a high degree of thermal loading capacity, a very high degree of solidity, that is to say the hardness of these particles or granules is greater than the hardness of the contact surfaces tensioned against one another. It is thereby ensured that the particles or granules dig themselves into the contact surfaces, which are tensioned against one another, of the components and furthermore effect a micro form fit between the components that are tensioned against one another.

(5) The above-describing force-fitting fixing of the compressor wheel 2 on the shaft 4 can also be provided for the turbine wheel 3 in such a manner that complicated welding processes for connecting the shaft 4 and the turbine wheel 3 can be dispensed with.