Tool and method for repairing tubular members

Abstract

A rotatable tool for use in repairing composite hollow shafts, namely for sports equipment, for example, composite hockey stick shafts. The rotatable tool includes a plurality of aligned spaced-apart grinding surfaces and proximal and distal guide bearings coaxially arranged along a tool shaft. The rotatable tool is used to form grooves proximate the repair location so as to enhance mechanical bonding of a composite repair material which spans a region of abutment of hollow shaft segments.

Claims

1. A method for repairing a break at a break location in a composite tubular sport shaft having a longitudinal extent and inner walls, the method comprising: forming a first set of grooves on the inner walls of a first shaft segment proximate the break location; forming a second set of grooves on the inner walls of a second shaft segment proximate the break location; wherein: each groove in the first set of grooves and the second set of grooves extends laterally relative to the longitudinal extent of the shaft; in each of the first set of grooves and the second set of grooves, one of the grooves of the set of grooves is closest to the break location and another of the grooves of the set of grooves is farther from the break location; and in at least one of the sets of grooves, the groove closest to the break location has a greater depth than the groove farther from the break location; bringing the first shaft segment and second shaft segment into alignment; and applying a fiber material impregnated with a resin to the inner walls so as to cause the impregnated fiber material to span the sets of grooves and to intrude into the grooves.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising squaring the first shaft segment and second shaft segment at the break location prior to forming the grooves.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the grooves are formed with a rotatable tool engaged with and driven by a rotary driver, wherein the tool comprises: a plurality of aligned spaced-apart grinding surfaces; a proximal bearing for abutting the inner walls of the sport shaft during use; and a distal bearing for abutting the inner walls of the sport shaft during use.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the proximal bearing has a proximal bearing diameter, the distal bearing has a distal bearing diameter, and the proximal bearing diameter is less than the distal bearing diameter.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the proximal bearing is adjacent the rotary driver, the distal bearing is at the end of the tool opposite the rotary driver, and the grinding surfaces are between the proximal bearing and the distal bearing.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the spaces between the spaced-apart grinding surfaces define annular recesses each having a diameter of about ; the proximal bearing diameter is about 5/16, the distal bearing diameter is about ; and the grinding surfaces have a grinding surfaces diameter of about .

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the tool is longitudinally extending and the length of each of the grinding surfaces and annular recesses along the longitudinal extent of the tool is about .

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the sport shaft has longitudinally extending inner corners, each inner corner defined by two adjacent inner walls, and for each groove, a minimum groove depth at each inner corner is less than a maximum groove depth in the two adjacent inner walls.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the sport shaft is a hockey stick shaft having right-angle inner corners and wherein the grooves do not extend into each inner corner.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the impregnated fiber material comprises pressing the impregnated fiber material against the inner walls using a reversibly expansible member.

Description

SUMMARY OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a plan view of a groove former embodiment of the present invention having essentially equally sized annular grinding surfaces and spaces therebetween

(2) FIG. 2 is a plan view of a groove former embodiment of the present invention having differently sized annular grinding surfaces and essentially equal spaces therebetween

(3) FIG. 3 is a plan view of a groove former embodiment of the present invention having essentially equally sized annular grinding surfaces and essentially equal spaces therebetween, with the size of the spaces being less than the size of the grinding surfaces.

(4) FIG. 4 is a cutaway view, showing the groove former embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in use in a hockey stick shaft segment and showing the depths of the interior grooves formed thereby.

(5) FIG. 5 is a partially transparent view showing the lateral extent (lateral with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft) of interior grooves formed by a groove former embodiment of the present invention.

(6) FIG. 6 is a stylized partially transparent view showing the positioning of an expansible member and uncured repair material with respect to a first shaft segment.

(7) FIG. 7 is a stylized partially transparent view showing the positioning of an expansible member and uncured repair material with respect to a first shaft segment and second shaft segment in aligned abutment.

(8) FIG. 8 is a stylized partially transparent view showing the positioning of an expansible member and uncured repair material with respect to a first shaft segment and second shaft segment in aligned abutment, with the expansible member expanded.

(9) FIG. 9 is a stylized partially transparent view showing a self-supporting repair in a first shaft segment and second shaft segment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION WITH REFERENCE TO THE DRAWINGS

(10) Groove former embodiments of the present invention and a method embodiment of the present invention for use in repairing hollow composite shafts of hockey sticks are described in what follows and shown in the drawings.

(11) A groover former 10 is shown in FIG. 1. The groove former 10 includes a shank 20, a proximal bearing 22, a distal bearing 24, six grinding surfaces 26 and five annular recesses 28, being an annular recess 28 between each adjacent pair of grinding surfaces 26.

(12) For use in the repair of hockey sticks, the diameter of the shank 20 is preferably , the diameter of the proximal bearing 22 is preferably 5/16, the diameter of the distal bearing 24 is preferably , and the diameter of the grinding surfaces 26 is preferably . The diameter of the annular recesses must be less than the diameter of the grinding surfaces 26 while being sufficient for structural integrity. It has been found that with a shank 20 having a diameter of , annular recesses having a diameter of are suitable.

(13) In the groove former 10 shown in FIG. 1, the longitudinal extent (i.e., longitudinal with respect to the length of the groove former) of the grinding surfaces 26 and the annular recesses 28 are roughly equal. It has been found that a longitudinal extent for each of the grinding surfaces 26 and annular recesses 28, of is suitable.

(14) As indicated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the longitudinal extent of the grinding surfaces 26 and the annular recesses 28 need not be roughly equal. FIG. 2 shows a variable-size groove former 40 in which the longitudinal extent of the grinding surfaces 26 is not the same. FIG. 3 shows a small-space groove former 50 in which the longitudinal extent of the grinding surfaces 26 is larger than the longitudinal extent of the annular recesses 28.

(15) As shown in FIG. 4, in use the groove former 10 is supported by a chuck 60 having a chuck bearing surface 62, and attached to, and driven by, a rotary power tool 70.

(16) The chuck 60 is preferably a collet, being a device that forms a collar around the object to be held and exerts a strong clamping force on the object when it is tightened, usually via a tapered outer collar, that may be used to hold a workpiece or a tool.

(17) As shown in FIG. 4, in use, with the chuck bearing surface 62 abutting the relevant end of the hockey stick shaft 80, the groove former 10 is rotated using the rotary power tool 70 and moved circumferentially against the inner walls of the hockey stick shaft so as to form parallel grooves 90. As shown in FIG. 4, the difference in diameter as between the proximal bearing 22 and the distal bearing 24 results in a regular reduction in depth of the grooves 90 moving from the proximal bearing 22 to the distal bearing 24. Abutting the chuck bearing surface 62 against the relevant end of the hockey stick shaft 80 during the groove forming operation produces grooves 90 that are parallel to the end of the hockey stick shaft 80.

(18) As shown in FIG. 5, with a hockey stick shaft 80 of conventional size shape and wall thickness, the preferred component diameters given above prevent the grooves 90 from extending into, and undesirably weakening, the corners of the hockey stick shaft 80.

(19) Groove formers of the sort described above may be manufactured from carbide grinding bits having the desired grinding surface diameter, by machining away bit material to form the annular recesses and seats for the proximal and distal bearings, and then pressing on the proximal and distal bearings Although, rotating bearings could be used, annular rings of solid metal have been found to be suitable for the proximal and distal bearings.

(20) The method of repair includes the step of removing extraneous damaged (e.g., delaminated) material at the site of the break and squaring the ends of the first shaft segment 100 and second shaft segment 102. A groove former 10 is used to form grooves 90 in the first shaft segment 100 and second shaft segment 102 as described above. A reversibly expansible member 110 (for example, an inflatable bladder) supporting an uncured composite repair material 120 (i.e., a fibre material impregnated with an uncured resin) is positioned in the first shaft segment 100 with the wet composite material 120 roughly centered on the squared end of the first shaft segment 100 (FIG. 6). The second shaft segment 102 is brought into aligned abutment with the first shaft segment 100 such that roughly equal portions of the wet composite material 120 are within each of the first shaft segment 100 and second shaft segment 102 (FIG. 7). The reversibly expansible member 110 is expanded so as to press the wet composite material 120 against the inner walls of the the first shaft segment 100 and second shaft segment 102 and thus into the grooves 90 (FIG. 8). Once the uncured composite repair material 120 has at least cured sufficiently to be a self-supporting repair 122, the expansion of the reversibly expansible member 110 is reversed and the reversibly expansible member 110 is withdrawn (FIG. 9).

(21) It has been found that the method and tool described herein produce a good bond strongly resistant to tensile and compressive stresses at the joint face, while not detectably weakening the hockey stick shaft 80, presumably due to the regular reduction in depth of the grooves 90 and the preservation of the full wall thickness at the corners of the hockey stick shaft 80.

(22) Alternative tools could provide the tapering of the depth of the grooves 90; for example, a tool having grinding surfaces of different diameters. Further, differently shaped grinding surfaces could provide grooves of different shapes. However, it is understood that tools configured as described herein are simple and robust, and presumably would be cheaper to manufacture than alternative tools.