Inline avian spray applicator with rapidly-actuating automatic spray nozzles

Abstract

The invention relates to spray applicator devices and methods of use for vaccinating, or administering probiotics to, avian animals.

Claims

1. An automated spray applicator configured for administrating a liquid biologic to young avian animals, comprising: a housing; a first and a second actuatable automatic spray nozzle, each nozzle comprising a stationary nozzle tip that produces droplets of the liquid biologic, such that greater than 90% of the droplets have diameters sized from about 125 to about 300 microns based on a fluid pressure from about 30 psi to about 80 psi, each stationary nozzle tip produces a 65 degree spray angle at 40 psi, and the first nozzle is positioned to spray towards the second nozzle at about 45 degrees from vertical; and a programmable spray control module programmed to actuate the first and second actuatable automatic spray nozzles between open and closed positions, wherein the programmable spray control module is in electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic connection with the first and second actuatable automatic spray nozzles; wherein the first and second actuatable automatic spray nozzles are in fluid communication with a fluid tank containing the liquid biologic.

2. The spray applicator of claim 1, wherein each nozzle tip is a 6501E nozzle tip and wherein the nozzle tip produces droplets of 150 microns during use.

3. The spray applicator of claim 1, further comprising a base, wherein the base comprises a standing means, for maintaining the applicator in a fixed position when movement of the applicator is not desired.

4. The spray applicator of claim 1, wherein a tank holder is mounted to the housing.

5. The spray applicator of claim 4, wherein the tank comprises a fluid level float and a lid.

6. The spray applicator of claim 1, wherein the flow of fluid is functionally connected to a sensor, wherein the sensor relays/communicates a fluid flow status to a user via the spray module or via a light indicator during use.

7. The spray applicator of claim 1, wherein a vertical nozzle hood assembly adjustment rod is connected to the housing via a rod attachment means.

8. The spray applicator of claim 7, wherein attached to the vertical rod is a horizontal nozzle hood adjustment rod, which attaches to vaccine hood panels via vaccine hood panel attachment means.

9. The spray applicator of claim 8, comprising a vaccine or other fluid alarm status indicator light tower and a pressure regulator, situated at a top-most portion of the housing.

10. The spray applicator of claim 1, wherein the spray module is operable and programmable via a touch screen.

11. A method for administering vaccine or non-vaccine fluid to day old chicks, or other young avian animals, comprising administering vaccine or other non-vaccine fluid to said chicks or other avian animals using the spray applicator of claim 1, thereby administering the vaccine or non-vaccine fluid.

12. A method of treating chicks, or other young avian animals, with a probiotic formulation comprising the steps of dispersing the probiotic formulation using the spray applicator of claim 1; and allowing the chicks to consume the dispensed probiotic formulation, thereby treating the chicks or other young avian animals.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the probiotic formulation is a liquid or liquid-like gel.

14. The spray applicator of claim 1 further comprising a source of pressurized air for supplying pressure to the fluid prior to its entry into the spray nozzle.

15. The spray applicator of claim 1, wherein the applicator is mounted to a base, which base comprises a rolling means for facilitating the movement of the applicator from one location to another location.

16. The spray applicator of claim 15, wherein the rolling means comprises a locking means to reversibly prevent the rolling means from rolling during use.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The following detailed description, given by way of example, but not intended to limit the invention solely to the specific embodiments described, may be best understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1A shows a side-view of an inline spray applicator 1 equipped with rapidly actuatable automatic spray nozzles 20, according to the disclosure;

(3) FIG. 1B shows a top-view of the inline spray applicator 1;

(4) FIG. 1C shows a slightly offset bottom-view of the inline spray applicator 1;

(5) FIG. 1D shows a three-quarter rear-view of the inline spray applicator 1;

(6) FIG. 1E shows an alternative embodiment of the base 5;

(7) FIG. 1F is an overhead view of a portion of the spray applicator 1, shown with a basket 100 containing a plurality of chicks 110 to be sprayed;

(8) FIG. 1G shows a front and back view of an automatic spray nozzle 20,

(9) FIG. 1H shows a UniJet 8001E automatic spray nozzle tip 22, which produces a flat spray, has a capacity of 0.10 gallons per minute (GPM) at 40 PSI liquid pressure (with water), and has an 80 degree spray angle. These nozzle tips 22 may be made of brass, stainless steel or hardened stainless steel;

(10) FIG. 2 is a graph showing dose volume vs. time. One nozzle test; 150 μM; nozzle tip 8001E @ 32.5 psi;

(11) FIG. 3 shows the results of the spray distribution test. Seven (7) mL of water was delivered via 30 shots, from nozzle tip 8001E @ 32.5 psi, to a typical poultry basket/crate, containing 66 collection cups;

(12) FIG. 4 shows the droplet size delivered by the 8001E nozzle tip @ 32.5 psi to water-sensitive paper placed throughout a typical poultry basket/crate;

(13) FIG. 5 is a graph showing dose volume vs. time. One nozzle test; 200 μM; Nozzle tip 9502E @ 51.5 psi;

(14) FIG. 6 shows the droplet size delivered by the 9502E nozzle tip @ 51.5 psi to water-sensitive paper placed throughout a typical poultry basket. Spray Distribution at 15.6 mL;

(15) FIG. 7 is a graph showing dose volume vs. time. One nozzle test; 250 μM; 8003E nozzle tip @ 51.5 psi;

(16) FIG. 8 is a graph showing dose volume vs. time. Two nozzle test; 150 μM; two 6501E nozzle tips @ 36.7 psi;

(17) FIG. 9 is a graph showing dose volume vs. time. Two nozzle test; 200 μM; two 6502E nozzle tips @ 55.6 psi;

(18) FIG. 10 is a graph showing dose volume vs. time. Two nozzle test; 250 μM; two 6503E nozzle tips @ 54.6 psi;

(19) FIG. 11A provide a schematic example of a fixed spray time;

(20) FIG. 11B provides a schematic example of a variable spray time;

(21) FIG. 11C provides a schematic example of a “repeat”;

(22) FIG. 12 is a graph of the cumulative and density distributions of droplet sizes produced by the TPU 8001 nozzle tip at 30 psi. TPU flat nozzle tips yield a high impact solid stream or flat spray pattern with spray angles of 0° (solid stream) to 110°;

(23) FIG. 13 is a graph of the cumulative and density distributions of droplet sizes produced by the TPU 8001 nozzle tip at 50 psi;

(24) FIG. 14 is a graph of the cumulative and density distributions of droplet sizes produced by the TPU 8001 nozzle tip at 80 psi;

(25) FIG. 15 is a graph of the cumulative and density distributions of droplet sizes produced by the TPU 8002 nozzle tip at 30 psi;

(26) FIG. 16 is a graph of the cumulative and density distributions of droplet sizes produced by the TPU 8002 nozzle tip at 50 psi;

(27) FIG. 17 is a graph of the cumulative and density distributions of droplet sizes produced by the TPU 8002 nozzle tip at 80 psi;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(28) It is noted that in this disclosure and particularly in the claims and/or paragraphs, terms such as “comprises”, “comprised”, “comprising” and the like can have the meaning attributed to it in U.S. patent law; e.g., they can mean “includes”, “included”, “including”, and the like; and that terms such as “consisting essentially of” and “consists essentially of” have the meaning ascribed to them in U.S. patent law, e.g., they allow for elements not explicitly recited, but exclude elements that are found in the prior art or that affect a basic or novel characteristic of the invention.

(29) Unless otherwise explained, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The singular terms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural referents unless context clearly indicates otherwise. Similarly, the word “or” is intended to include “and” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

(30) In an embodiment, the apparatus comprises an inline spray applicator system, comprising a modular spray system, comprising one or more rapidly actuating automatic spray nozzles.

(31) In an embodiment, the apparatus may be programmed such that the nozzles operate in a “fixed spray time” mode. In this mode, the nozzle(s) will spray once after it is triggered based on entered start delay and spray period, then stops spraying until next trigger signal (FIG. 11A).

(32) In another embodiment, the apparatus may be programmed such that the nozzles operate in a “variable spray time” mode. This timing mode creates spray periods of variable lengths. The apparatus will spray following a trigger, and the spray period is based on the sensor “seeing” (or otherwise detecting) the object then utilizing the programmed start delay and stop delay. The length of the spray depends on the length of the trigger input.

(33) In another embodiment, the apparatus may be programmed such that the nozzles operate in a “repeat” mode. This timing mode creates a continuous repetition of spray applications for a variable time or spray period based on object size. The system will spray following the trigger, spray period is based on the sensor seeing the object then utilizing the entered timing settings, spray delay, interval on, interval off, repeats these until trigger off signal then incorporates stop delay.

(34) In an advantageous embodiment, the spray applicator is equipped with an AutoJet 1550-plus Modular Spray System (Spraying Systems Co.). Spraying Systems' 2013 “Bulletin No. 626D” is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

(35) In an embodiment, the Modular Spray System conforms to the following parameters: Power required: 110 VAC, 60 Hz, 15 A, 1 Ø (capable to 260 VAC, 50 Hz, 15 A, 1 Ø) Control panel: NEMA 4 with door closed (stainless steel); Air inlet shut-off/lockout and filter assembly; Optional air operated double diaphragm pump; Liquid outlet strainer 100 mesh; Liquid pressure regulator and gauge; Control valve for recirculation to tank; (pump and pumpless versions) Standard triggering options: trigger cable, photoelectric sensor, thru-beam, hand pendant Controls up to eight automatic spray nozzles (varies by type) Dimensions: approximately 29″ (0.75 m) tall, 14″ (0.36 m) wide and weighs less than 58 lbs. (26.3 kg).

(36) In an embodiment, any suitable high pressure pumping system can be used in the practice of the invention, including the AutoJet system, which is manufactured by Spraying Systems, Inc. (Chicago, Ill.). The fluid, vaccine and/or probiotic formulation may be pumped using a hydraulic liquid pump at pressures from about 30 psi to about 100 psi through a fluid jet nozzle tips such as, but not limited to 8001E or 6501E (Spraying Systems, Chicago, Ill.).

(37) The designation on the TeeJet® nozzle tips has a specific meaning. The first two numbers indicate the spray angle. An 8001 nozzle tip has an 80 degree spray angle at 40 psi. The second two numbers indicate the capacity of the nozzle tip. An 8001 nozzle tip would deliver 0.1 gallons per minute (gpm) of water at 40 pounds per square inch pressure (psi). The “E” following the numbers means that the nozzle tip is an even spray nozzle and can be used for banding. As an example of another manufacturer, the Delavan nozzle tip that is equivalent to the 8001E Teejet nozzle tip is the LE-1 80°. Compatible nozzles are thus envisioned by the inventor. Accordingly, a 6501E nozzle tip has a 65 degree spray angle at 40 psi, and would deliver about 0.1 gpm of water at 40 psi.

(38) When two or more automatic spray nozzles are used, the nozzles generally spray towards one another at approximately 45° from vertical. The automatic spray nozzles may be arranged over the row rather than at the sides of the row.

(39) In an aspect, the invention provides an automated inline spray applicator comprising a housing, at least one rapidly actuatable automatic spray nozzle, and, a programmable spray module. The programmable spray module (PSM) may be in electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic connection with the at least one automatic spray nozzle, and the spray nozzle may be in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir/tank. A separate source of pressurized air may be employed to supply the pressure required to deliver the fluid to and through the nozzle tips, and the pressurized air may be in fluid communication with both the tank and the automatic spray nozzles. The spray module is configured to receive user inputs to control all aspects of nozzle functioning, including controlling the amount and timing of fluid that flows from the tank, through the applicator conduits, and ultimately, out through the nozzles. An advantageous spray module is the AutoJet Model 1550+ Modular Spray System, manufactured by Spraying Systems. The 1550 is a self-contained automated spray system that comprises everything needed for a user to operate automatic spray nozzles, including the automatic spray nozzles described in this application.

(40) In some embodiments, automated spray control ensures precision and accurate placement of the sprayed liquid with minimal waste. Further, automatic control provides proper flow and droplet size, and eliminates uneven application of the sprayed liquids. In an advantageous embodiment, the automated control is provided by Precision Spray Control (PSC) with electrically-actuated PulsaJet® and AA250AUH automatic spray nozzles. PSC is a versatile automatic spray system, which is configured to operate both electrically- and pneumatically-actuated automatic spray nozzles.

(41) In some embodiments, the inline spray applicator, comprises an 8001E, an 6501E or another suitable nozzle tip, which is capable of producing droplets sized from about 125 to about 300 microns, particularly about 150 microns, from fluid pressurized from about 30 psi to about 80 psi.

(42) In some embodiments, the inline spray applicator comprises a base, which comprises a rolling means, for facilitating the movement of the apparatus from one location to another location. The base may also comprise a rolling means locking means, for reversibly preventing the rolling means from rolling. The locking means may be any suitable brake or lock, including mechanical and magnetic brakes or locks. Suitable locks/brakes include those used on known swivel casters, which easily transition between stationary stability and mobility. The use of well-known floor locks is also envisioned.

(43) In some embodiments, the base may comprise a standing means, for maintaining the applicator in a fixed position when movement of the applicator is not desired.

(44) In some embodiments, the spray applicator housing may be attached to and supported by the base, and the housing may comprise a tank holder for holding a tank.

(45) In some embodiments, the tank comprises a lid optionally comprising a safety blow off valve. Moreover, the tank is in fluid communication with a programmable spray module, which is itself in electrical or pneumatic communication with one or a plurality of actuatable automatic spray nozzles.

(46) In some embodiments, the automatic spray nozzles are electrically connected to the spray module via suitable electrical connectors including wires. The wires and fluid conduits may pass through the housing via an orifice.

(47) In some embodiments, the tank further comprises a level liquid float, for determining the level of fluid in the tank.

(48) In some embodiments, the flow of fluid may be functionally connected to a sensor, which is capable of relaying/communicating a fluid flow status to a user via the spray module or via a light indicator.

(49) In some embodiments, the applicator may comprise a source of pressurized air for supplying pressure to the fluid prior to its entry into the spray nozzles. For example, the applicator may comprise an air tank and compressor, which are configured to pressurize the fluid contained within the reservoir/tank. The pressure source is thus in fluid communication with the fluid that is delivered to the automatic spray nozzles, for administration to the young avian animals.

(50) In some embodiments, the housing is configured to be connected to a vertical nozzle hood assembly adjustment rod via a rod attachment means. The vertical nozzle hood assembly adjustment rod is configured to be connected to a horizontal rod, which is configured to connect to hood panels. The hood panels are configured to connect to the horizontal rod via suitable hood panel attachment means. In some embodiments, the hood panel attachment means is a hood mounting plate, which has slots for receiving corresponding panel components. The adjustment rods allow the automatic spray nozzles to be optimally positioned above conveyor systems having different sizes. For example, the hood panels can be positioned higher or lower (by varying the vertical position along the vertical rod) for use in hatcheries using relatively higher or lower conveyor systems. Similarly, the automatic spray nozzles can be variably positioned along the horizontal rod for use in hatcheries using wider or more narrow conveyor systems.

(51) In some embodiments, the spray applicator comprises a vaccine or other fluid alarm status indicator light tower and a pressure regulator, situated at a top-most portion of the housing.

(52) In some embodiments, the inline spray applicator comprises a pressure gauge indicator and an access hatch, wherein the hatch provides secure access to the programmable spray module. The spray module is generally operable and programmable via a touch screen.

(53) In some embodiments, the spray applicator of claim comprises an “on” indicator and an “on/off” switching means.

(54) In a particular embodiment, the spray applicator comprises: a. a base comprising a rolling means, a rolling-blocking means, and a standing means; b. a housing, attached to and supported by the base, and comprising a tank holder, a hatch, a light tower indicator, a pressure regulator, an orifice through which electrical wires and fluid conduits may pass, at least one rapidly actuatable automatic spray nozzle in fluid connection with the tank; c. a vertical rod attached to the housing via an attachment means, and also attached to a horizontal rod via one or more panel attachment means; and

(55) wherein the automatic spray nozzle(s) is(are) connected to the horizontal rod; and,

(56) wherein the housing contains a programmable spray module.

(57) In another aspect, the invention provides a method for vaccinating young avian animals, including day-old chicks, comprising administering vaccine using a spray applicator as described herein. For administration, the spray applicator is generally moved into position above the animals to be vaccinated, which are generally contained within crates/baskets, which crates/baskets are being transported along a conveyor belt (see e.g. FIG. 1F).

(58) In some embodiments of the method, greater than 90% of the vaccine droplets have diameters from about 125 to about 300 microns.

(59) In other embodiments, the control module is programmed to cause the automatic spray nozzles to stop and start to accommodate different sized chick crates/baskets. In still other embodiments, the module is programmed to direct the automatic spray nozzles to stop and start to accommodate different conveyer rates. Any combination of chick crate/basket size and conveyor rate can be accommodated by programming the module to actuate the automatic nozzles to cycle between open (i.e. fluid may pass through the nozzle tip) and closed (i.e. fluid may not pass through the nozzle tip) positions.

(60) In some embodiments, the invention provides a method of treating young avian animals, including day-old chicks, with a probiotic formulation, comprising the steps of dispersing the probiotic formulation using a spray applicator as described herein; and, allowing the chicks to consume the dispensed probiotic formulation, thereby treating the young avian animals with a probiotic formulation.

(61) In some embodiments, the probiotic formulation may be a liquid or liquid-like gel.

(62) The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

Evaluation of TPU VeeJet® Nozzle Tips for their Suitability in Producing Droplet Sizes Appropriate for Use in Spray Vaccination or Delivery of Probiotic Formulations

(63) Nine (9) samples of various 80° and 95° TPU VeeJet® Nozzle tips (capacities indicated below) were submitted for testing of drop size, with the objective of reporting the pressures required for achieving the target volume median diameters of 150, 200 and 250 microns. In the final analysis, D.sub.V0.10 and D.sub.V0.90 values would be compared to see the difference (if any) between the standard TPU tips and even (E) tips. Moreover, the 65° version of each capacity was estimated. For the capacities tested, the Sympatec analyzer was used to measure drop size using a nozzle-laser distance of 6-inches. The spray was fully developed at this distance. For each condition, the nozzle was sprayed horizontally and the entire spray was measured. Three (3) measurements were taken, averaged and reported below. Table 1 summarizes the pressures required to achieve the target volume median diameters of 150, 200 and 250 microns for each indicated TPU VeeJet® nozzle. A single average of three (3) drop size runs as well as the average flow rate for each pressure was included.

(64) The drop size terminology used throughout this application is in accordance with ASTM® standard E1620-97, and is defined with more detailed information in Bulletin 459c: Understanding Drop Size, (please see the following web location: hypertext transfer protocol://service. spray.com/lit/view_lit.asp?code=B459C).

(65) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Drop size diameter and flow rate as a function of Nozzle tip type and Pressure (the values reported here are for water; other fluids may yield different values) Target Estimated Drop Size Diameters (microns) Nozzle Tip Pressure (PSI) Flow Rate (GPM) D.sub.V0.50 D.sub.V0.10 D.sub.V0.50 D.sub.V0.90 8001 32.5 0.0916 150 64 150 280 17.5 0.0675 200 83 198 346 12.0 0.0564 250 101 249 416 8002 81.5 0.2843 150 57 150 301 41.4 0.2033 200 75 196 356 22.8 0.1513 250 98 248 409 8003 150.5 0.5743 150 54 152 346 73.1 0.4014 200 68 199 394 40.4 0.2997 250 88 249 446 8001E 32.5 0.0899 150 60 150 328 20.7 0.0720 200 76 201 398 15.6 0.0631 250 89 248 451 8002E 154.8 0.3897 150 50 150 307 75.5 0.2730 200 66 199 368 34.5 0.1849 250 80 250 433 8003E 206.1 0.6722 150 46 149 321 116.0 0.5058 200 65 201 387 61.4 0.3688 250 83 249 443 9501E 27.5 0.0840 150 60 149 346 17.5 0.0672 200 75 198 422 13.8 0.0601 250 89 249 461 9502E 111.5 0.3376 150 54 151 306 51.3 0.2295 200 68 199 376 24.3 0.1586 250 86 249 432 9503E 167.1 0.6125 150 48 151 318 83.2 0.4336 200 65 200 387 41.2 0.3063 250 81 251 451

(66) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Drop size diameter and flow rate as a function of Nozzle tip type and Pressure (65° nozzle angle; fluid is water) Target Estimated Drop Size Diameters (microns) Nozzle Tip Pressure (PSI) Flow Rate (GPM) D.sub.V0.50 D.sub.V0.10 D.sub.V0.50 D.sub.V0.90 6501 38.1 0.098 150 64 150 280 20.7 0.072 200 83 198 346 14.0 0.059 250 101 249 416 6502 103.9 0.322 150 57 150 301 55.6 0.236 200 75 196 356 29.9 0.173 250 98 248 409 6503 173.8 0.625 150 54 152 346 93.5 0.459 200 68 199 394 54.6 0.350 250 88 249 446 6501E 36.7 0.096 150 60 150 328 23.6 0.077 200 76 201 398 17.5 0.066 250 89 248 451 6502E 195.2 0.442 150 50 150 307 100.2 0.317 200 66 199 368 44.6 0.211 250 80 250 433 6503E 238.1 0.732 150 46 149 321 148.5 0.578 200 65 201 387 82.7 0.431 250 83 249 443

Example 2

Evaluation of Single Nozzle (Different Nozzles at Fixed Pressures)

(67) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Dose volume vs. Time. One nozzle tip test; 150 μM; Nozzle tip 8001E @ 32.5 psi Dose (mL) delivered Dose (mL) delivered during 0.5 seconds during 3 seconds 1 2.738 16.37 2 2.734 16.37 3 2.725 16.38 4 2.723 16.38 5 2.725 16.39 6 2.721 16.37 7 2.723 16.38 8 2.726 16.38 9 2.725 16.38 10  2.726 16.37 Average 2.727 16.38

(68) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Spray distribution test. 7 mL of water was delivered via 30 shots, from nozzle tip 8001E @ 32.5 psi, to a typical poultry basket, containing 66 collection cups Volume delivered to each cup 1.88 2.077 2.205 2.128 1.87 1.919 1.946 2.295 2.214 2.188 1.661 1.531 1.986 2.169 2.063 1.542 1.577 1.894 2.066 1.868 1.602 1.836 1.569 1.832 1.189 1.886 2.152 1.826 1.567 1.186 1.957 2.073 2.174 1.678 1.185 2.07 1.518 2.23 2.021 1.588 1.95 1.702 2.155 2.131 1.73 1.712 2.029 2.028 2.118 1.425 1.537 2.147 2.057 1.878 1.867 1.949 1.833 1.792 2.059 1.521 1.583 1.51 2.149 1.642 1.734 1.527

(69) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Dosage test (spray period of 1.2 seconds) 1 7.268 2 7.253 3 7.226 4 7.224 5 7.211 6 7.215 7 7.211 8 7.236 9 7.207 10 7.214 11 7.177 12 7.178 13 7.173 14 7.177 15 7.175 16 7.161 17 7.174 18 7.172 19 7.172 20 7.175 21 7.164 22 7.166 23 7.186 24 7.196 25 7.18 26 7.19 27 7.174 28 7.172 29 7.173 30 7.179 31 7.186 32 7.183 33 7.183 34 7.178 35 7.179 36 7.179 37 7.185 38 7.182 39 7.177 40 7.175 41 7.179 42 7.185 43 7.183 44 7.189 45 7.166 46 7.23 47 7.224 48 7.216 49 7.22 50 7.269 51 7.256 52 7.248 53 7.231 54 7.216 55 7.197 56 7.172 57 7.158 58 7.156 59 7.219 60 7.211 61 7.188 62 7.18 63 7.188 64 7.183 65 7.205 66 7.198 67 7.183 68 7.18 69 7.18 70 7.174 71 7.173 72 7.175 73 7.171 74 7.197 75 7.188 76 7.202 77 7.203 78 7.197 79 7.208 80 7.186 81 7.162 82 7.16 83 7.15 84 7.155 85 7.147 86 7.147 87 7.161 88 7.162 89 7.153 90 7.161 91 7.18 92 7.174 93 7.185 94 7.177 95 7.175 96 7.179 97 7.164 98 7.177 99 7.179 100 7.18

(70) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Dose (g) volume vs. Time. One nozzle tip test; 200 μM; Nozzle tip 9502E @ 51.5 psi Dose (mL) delivered Dose (mL) delivered during 0.5 seconds during 3 seconds 1 6.564 39.106 2 6.542 39.159 3 6.565 39.097 4 6.555 39.13 5 6.541 39.109 6 6.54 39.092 7 6.511 39.111 8 6.5 39.15 9 6.496 39.158 10  6.498 39.16 Average 6.5312 39.1272

(71) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Dosage test (spray period of 1.1 seconds) 1 14.365 2 14.369 3 14.355 4 14.335 5 14.361 6 14.384 7 14.376 8 14.348 9 14.385 10 14.373 11 14.349 12 14.354 13 14.351 14 14.352 15 14.365 16 14.357 17 14.313 18 14.362 19 14.381 20 14.357 21 14.318 22 14.29 23 14.277 24 14.315 25 14.326 26 14.276 27 14.295 28 14.283 29 14.277 30 14.284 31 14.276 32 14.265 33 14.269 34 14.258 35 14.263 36 14.309 37 14.295 38 14.294 39 14.289 40 14.311 41 14.309 42 14.262 43 14.321 44 14.33 45 14.329 46 14.3 47 14.314 48 14.291 49 14.307 50 14.313 51 14.317 52 14.317 53 14.315 54 14.309 55 14.319 56 14.332 57 14.311 58 14.301 59 14.25 60 14.255 61 14.224 62 14.283 63 14.321 64 14.343 65 14.338 66 14.328 67 14.328 68 14.336 69 14.363 70 14.334 71 14.309 72 14.314 73 14.242 74 14.234 75 14.315 76 14.322 77 14.315 78 14.301 79 14.302 80 14.303 81 14.345 82 14.332 83 14.314 84 14.312 85 14.323 86 14.334 87 14.323 88 14.323 89 14.326 90 14.326 91 14.312 92 14.264 93 14.236 94 14.221 95 14.219 96 14.228 97 14.246 98 14.234 99 14.232 100 14.238

(72) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Dose (g) volume vs. Time. One nozzle tip test; 250 μM; Nozzle tip 8003E @ 61.4 psi Dose (mL) delivered Dose (mL) delivered during 0.5 seconds during 3 seconds 1 10.217 61.256 2 10.242 — 3 10.203 — 4 10.224 — 5 10.204 — 6 10.22 — 7 10.227 — 8 10.26 — 9 10.272 — 10  10.268 — Average 10.2337 61.256

Example 3

Two Nozzles Test

(73) TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Dose (g) volume vs. Time. One nozzle tip test; 150 μM; Two 6501E nozzle tips @ 36.7 psi Dose (mL) delivered Dose (mL) delivered during 0.5 seconds during 3 seconds 1 5.914 35.097 2 5.912 35.167 3 5.905 35.154 4 5.901 35.125 5 5.892 35.109 6 5.889 35.104 7 5.88 35.132 8 5.868 35.117 9 5.872 35.08 10  5.863 35.144 Average 5.8896 35.1229

(74) TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Dose (g) volume vs. Time. One nozzle tip test; 200 μM; Two 6502E nozzle tips @ 55.6 psi Dose (mL) delivered Dose (mL) delivered during 0.5 seconds during 3 seconds 1 12.918 76.678 2 12.908 — 3 12.895 — 4 12.83 — 5 12.803 — 6 12.777 — 7 12.776 — 8 12.767 — 9 12.768 — 10  12.787 — Average 12.8229 76.678

(75) TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 Dose (g) volume vs. Time. One nozzle test; 250 μM; Two 6503E nozzles @ 54.6 psi Dose (mL) delivered Dose (mL) delivered during 0.5 seconds during 3 seconds 1 18.559 111.484 2 18.572 — 3 18.571 — 4 18.567 — 5 18.561 — 6 18.547 — 7 18.558 — 8 18.578 — 9 18.585 — 10  18.561 — Average 18.5659 111.484

(76) Data underlying FIG. 12: Height: 9.5 Nozzle: TPU—8001; Pressure: 30 psi; Copt=3.67% (all the data below and presented graphically in FIGS. 12-17 were evaluated using “WINDOX 5.6.1.0, FREE” software.

(77) HELOS (H2476) & SPRAYER, R6: 0.5/9.0 . . . 1750 μm

(78) Volume Median Diameter: D.sub.V0.5 178.80 μm

(79) Number Median Diameter: D.sub.N0.5 62.62 μm; D.sub.V0.1 87.35 μm; D.sub.V0.9 323.89 D.sub.V0.99 446.91 μm

(80) Relative Span Factor: RSF 1.32

(81) Arithmetic Mean Diameter: D.sub.10 75.43 μm

(82) Surface Mean Diameter: D.sub.20 90.50 μm

(83) Volume Mean Diameter: D.sub.30 106.97 μm

(84) Surface-Dia. Mean Diameter: D.sub.21 108.59 μm

(85) Evaporative Mean Diameter: D.sub.31 127.38 μm

(86) Sauter Mean Diameter: D.sub.32 149.42 μm

(87) TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 Cumulative Distribution data underlying the graph in FIG. 12 Diameter Volume (μm) (%) 9.00 0.00 11.00 0.00 13.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 18.00 0.00 22.00 0.00 26.00 0.08 31.00 0.24 37.00 0.51 43.00 0.89 50.00 1.49 60.00 2.76 75.00 5.92 90.00 10.89 105.00 17.21 125.00 26.40 150.00 37.79 180.00 50.51 210.00 61.97 250.00 74.95 300.00 86.76 360.00 94.90 430.00 98.72 510.00 99.95 610.00 100.00 730.00 100.00 870.00 100.00 1030.00 100.00 1230.00 100.00 1470.00 100.00 1750.00 100.00
Data Underlying FIG. 13:
Height: 9.5 Nozzle: TPU—8001; Pressure: 50 psi; Copt=5.92%
HELOS (H2476) & SPRAYER, R6: 0.5/9.0 . . . 1750 μm
Volume Median Diameter: D.sub.V0.5 133.84 μm
Arithmetic Mean Diameter: D10 55.63 μm
Number Median Diameter: D.sub.N0.5 43.55 μm; D.sub.V0.1 68.39 μm; D.sub.V0.9 258.10 μm; D.sub.V0.99 379.56 μm
Surface Mean Diameter: D20 67.69 μm
Volume Mean Diameter: D30 80.69 μm
Surface-Dia. Mean Diameter: D21 82.35 μm
Evaporative Mean Diameter: D31 97.17 μm
Relative Span Factor: RSF 1.42
Sauter Mean Diameter: D32 114.66 μm

(88) TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 13 Cumulative Distribution data underlying the graph in FIG. 13 Diameter Volume (μm) (%) 9.00 0.00 11.00 0.00 13.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 18.00 0.05 22.00 0.18 26.00 0.41 31.00 0.82 37.00 1.52 43.00 2.45 50.00 3.86 60.00 6.60 75.00 12.72 90.00 21.55 105.00 31.69 125.00 44.99 150.00 59.07 180.00 71.62 210.00 80.68 250.00 88.99 300.00 95.15 360.00 98.63 430.00 99.86 510.00 100.00 610.00 100.00 730.00 100.00 870.00 100.00 1030.00 100.00 1230.00 100.00 1470.00 100.00 1750.00 100.00
Data Underlying FIG. 14:
Height: 9.5 Nozzle: TPU—8001; Pressure: 80 psi; Copt=8.14%
HELOS (H2476) & SPRAYER, R6: 0.5/9.0 . . . 1750 μm
Volume Median Diameter: D.sub.V0.5 114.70 μm
Arithmetic Mean Diameter: D10 42.15 μm
Number Median Diameter: D.sub.N0.5 31.12 μm; D.sub.V0.1 56.61 μm; D.sub.V0.9 229.45 μm; D.sub.V0.99 368.18 μm
Surface Mean Diameter: D20 52.72 μm
Volume Mean Diameter: D30 64.47 μm
Surface-Dia. Mean Diameter: D21 65.96 μm
Evaporative Mean Diameter: D31 79.74 μm
Relative Span Factor: RSF 1.51
Sauter Mean Diameter: D32 96.40 μm

(89) TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 14 Cumulative Distribution data underlying the graph in FIG. 14 Diameter Volume (μm) (%) 9.00 0.00 11.00 0.00 13.00 0.02 15.00 0.10 18.00 0.27 22.00 0.61 26.00 1.09 31.00 1.88 37.00 3.14 43.00 4.78 50.00 7.17 60.00 11.51 75.00 20.22 90.00 31.43 105.00 43.14 125.00 57.23 150.00 70.42 180.00 80.71 210.00 87.30 250.00 92.83 300.00 96.67 360.00 98.88 430.00 99.87 510.00 100.00 610.00 100.00 730.00 100.00 870.00 100.00 1030.00 100.00 1230.00 100.00 1470.00 100.00 1750.00 100.00
Data Underlying FIG. 15:
Height: 9.5 Nozzle: TPU—8002; Pressure: 30 psi; Copt=4.89%
HELOS (H2476) & SPRAYER, R6: 0.5/9.0 . . . 1750 μm
Volume Median Diameter: D.sub.V0.5 216.59 μm Arithmetic Mean Diameter: D10 74.64 μm
Number Median Diameter: D.sub.N0.5 58.61 μm Surface Mean Diameter: D20 92.51 μm
D.sub.V0.1 93.65 μm Volume Mean Diameter: D30 113.18 μm
D.sub.V0.9 381.13 μm Surface-Dia. Mean Diameter: D21 114.67 μm
D.sub.V0.99 501.69 μm Evaporative Mean Diameter: D31 139.36 μm
Relative Span Factor: RSF 1.33 Sauter Mean Diameter: D32 169.37 μm

(90) TABLE-US-00015 TABLE 15 Cumulative Distribution data underlying the graph in FIG. 15 Diameter Volume (μm) (%) 9.00 0.00 11.00 0.00 13.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 18.00 0.00 22.00 0.00 26.00 0.07 31.00 0.22 37.00 0.47 43.00 0.82 50.00 1.36 60.00 2.47 75.00 5.05 90.00 8.86 105.00 13.54 125.00 20.26 150.00 28.66 180.00 38.42 210.00 47.97 250.00 60.31 300.00 74.33 360.00 87.39 430.00 96.04 510.00 99.34 610.00 99.99 730.00 100.00 870.00 100.00 1030.00 100.00 1230.00 100.00 1470.00 100.00 1750.00 100.00
Data Underlying FIG. 16:
Height: 9.5 Nozzle: TPU—8002; Pressure: 50 psi; Copt=6.80%
HELOS (H2476) & SPRAYER, R6: 0.5/9.0 . . . 1750 μm
Volume Median Diameter: D.sub.V0.5 179.43 μm
Arithmetic Mean Diameter: D10 58.11 μm
Number Median Diameter: D.sub.N0.5 43.75 μm; D.sub.V0.1 77.27 μm; D.sub.V0.9 343.79 μm; D.sub.V0.99 476.67 μm
Surface Mean Diameter: D20 72.93 μm
Volume Mean Diameter: D30 90.73 μm
Surface-Dia. Mean Diameter: D21 91.52 μm
Evaporative Mean Diameter: D31 113.36 μm
Relative Span Factor: RSF 1.49
Sauter Mean Diameter: D32 140.43 μm

(91) TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 16 Cumulative Distribution data underlying the graph in FIG. 16 Diameter Volume (μm) (%) 9.00 0.00 11.00 0.00 13.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 18.00 0.00 22.00 0.11 26.00 0.30 31.00 0.62 37.00 1.15 43.00 1.86 50.00 2.92 60.00 4.94 75.00 9.17 90.00 14.73 105.00 20.97 125.00 29.40 150.00 39.37 180.00 50.21 210.00 60.03 250.00 71.58 300.00 83.14 360.00 92.54 430.00 97.97 510.00 99.73 610.00 100.00 730.00 100.00 870.00 100.00 1030.00 100.00 1230.00 100.00 1470.00 100.00 1750.00 100.00
Data Underlying FIG. 17:
Height: 9.5 Nozzle: TPU—8002; Pressure: 80 psi; Copt=7.83%
HELOS (H2476) & SPRAYER, R6: 0.5/9.0 . . . 1750 μm; Volume Median Diameter: D.sub.V0.5 152.27 μm; Arithmetic Mean Diameter: D10 43.09 μm; Number Median Diameter: D.sub.N0.5 30.44 μm; D.sub.V0.1 64.93 μm; D.sub.V0.9 320.49 μm; D.sub.V0.99 467.33 μm; Surface Mean Diameter: D20 56.01 μm
Volume Mean Diameter: D30 71.99 μm; Surface-Dia. Mean Diameter: D21 72.80 μm; Evaporative Mean Diameter: D31 93.06 μm; Relative Span Factor: RSF 1.68; Sauter Mean Diameter: D32 118.95 μm.

(92) TABLE-US-00017 TABLE 17 Cumulative Distribution data underlying the graph in FIG. 17 Diameter Volume (μm) (%) 9.00 0.00 11.00 0.00 13.00 0.00 15.00 0.05 18.00 0.20 22.00 0.47 26.00 0.84 31.00 1.44 37.00 2.36 43.00 3.53 50.00 5.19 60.00 8.15 75.00 13.87 90.00 20.92 105.00 28.49 125.00 38.32 150.00 49.19 180.00 59.99 210.00 68.97 250.00 78.72 300.00 87.69 360.00 94.41 430.00 98.20 510.00 99.87 610.00 100.00 730.00 100.00 870.00 100.00 1030.00 100.00 1230.00 100.00 1470.00 100.00 1750.00 100.00

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(93) FIG. 1A shows a side-view of a spray applicator 1 equipped with rapidly actuatable spray nozzles 20, according to the disclosure. All numbers refer to the same parts, unless otherwise expressly stated. The applicator comprises a base 5, comprising a rolling means 6 (e.g. a wheel or caster or the like) for facilitating the movement of the applicator from one location (e.g. a storage location) to another location (e.g. a use location). Use locations include places in hatcheries where crates/baskets containing young avian animals are being transported along a conveyor system. The base 5 may further comprise a rolling means locking means 7 (e.g. a friction brake) for preventing the rolling means 6 from rolling. In addition to the locking means 7, the base 5 may also comprise a standing means 8 (e.g. feet, including deployable and adjustable feet) for maintaining the applicator in a fixed position when movement of the applicator is not desired (e.g. when the applicator is in its storage or use location).

(94) As shown, the applicator comprises a housing 10, which is attached to and supported by the base 5. In an embodiment, the housing 10 attaches to the base by the fixing of nuts and bolts through base openings 9. The base openings 9 align with corresponding openings on the bottom portion of the housing 10. The housing 10 comprises a tank holder 13 for holding a tank 15. The tank or has a lid 16 comprising a safety blow off valve, and is in fluid communication with a programmable spray module 30 (for controlling the amount and timing of liquid sprayed by the nozzles), which is itself in electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic connection with one or a plurality of actuatable automatic spray nozzles 20. The nozzles 20 are fluidly connected to the tank via conduits 27 that pass through the housing 10 via orifice 18. Electrical connectivity, including wires, may be employed to electrically connect the automatic spray nozzles 20 to the module 30, such that the module 30 may be programmed to control the opening and closing of the automatic spray nozzles 20. The tank 15 may further comprise a level liquid float 17. The flow of fluid may be functionally connected to a sensor 12, which is capable of relaying/communicating a fluid flow status (e.g. lack of flow, low pressure, high pressure, and the like) to a user via the spray module 30 or via a light indicator 40.

(95) Further attached to the housing 10, via a rod attachment means 11, is a vertical nozzle hood assembly adjustment rod 23. Attached to the vertical rod 23 is a horizontal nozzle hood adjustment rod 24, which attaches to hood panels 26 via hood panel attachment means 25 (e.g. a hood mounting plate, having slots for receiving the panels). At the top of the applicator housing 10 is a vaccine or other fluid alarm status indicator light tower 40 and a pressure regulator 41. Below the pressure regulator 44 is a pressure gauge indicator 35, and below that is an access hatch 34, which provides secure access to the programmable spray module 30. The spray module 30 is operable and programmable via a touch screen 31, which is attached thereto. Situated on the housing 10 and below the hatch 34 is an “on” indicator 36 and an “on/off” switching means 37.

(96) A user may input commands into the spray module 30 to regulate the amount and timing of liquid that is sprayed through the automatic spray nozzle 20 and onto a plurality of young avian animals 110. As shown in FIG. 1F, the avian animals may be young chicks 110 contained within a poultry hatchery-style basket 100, or other suitable means for transporting chicks in a hatchery, including along a conveyor system, including a conveyor belt.

(97) In an advantageous embodiment, the spray applicator 1 is positioned above a hatchery conveyor belt, which is transporting young avian animals 110 to be vaccinated. The nozzle 20 height and positioning (e.g. up/down, nearer/farther from one another, near/farther away from the spray applicator housing 10) are adjusted to optimize the delivery of liquids, including vaccines and probiotic formulations, to the avian animals 110. Many routine configurations of the automatic spray nozzles will become apparent to the skilled person now that the instant disclosure has been made.

(98) In a particular embodiment, either the 8001E and 6501E nozzle tip may be used to achieve the desired droplet size of about 150 microns. In one embodiment, the 8001E nozzle tip is used for low volume hatcheries and slower conveyor speeds. As indicated in the Figures, the maximum dose for the 8001E nozzle tip at 32.5 psi to achieve 150 microns is about 16 ml.

(99) In another embodiment, for hatcheries that use higher delivery volumes (e.g. about 21 mL) and faster conveyor speeds, two 6501E nozzle tips (i.e. three automatic spray nozzles equipped with 6501E nozzle tips) at 36.7 psi may be used, to achieve the higher dose at the given conveyor speed, since the 6501E nozzle tips are limited to about 0.096 GPM.

(100) In yet another embodiment, three 6501E nozzle tips (i.e. three automatic spray nozzles equipped with 6501E nozzle tips) may be used to achieve a higher dose volume or to accommodate a faster conveyor speed.

(101) Other embodiments will become apparent to the skilled person in view of the foregoing disclosure.