SURGICAL BONE-DRILLING DEVICE, HANDPIECE FOR SUCH A SURGICAL BONE-DRILLING DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR COOLING SUCH A SURGICAL BONE-DRILLING DEVICE

Abstract

The invention relates to a surgical bone-drilling device (1) comprising a drill (3) connected to a drive (2), a container (4) for a coolant (5), at least one pump (6) for delivering the coolant (5), a first conduit (7) for delivering the coolant (5) from the container (4) into the interior of the drill (3), and a second conduit (8) for delivering the coolant (5) from the container (4) to the outside of the drill (3), and also a handpiece (19), a drill guide (20), and a cooling method for such a bone-drilling device (1). To improve the cooling action, a measuring device (9) is provided for detecting the drilling depth (d) of the drill (3), which measuring device (9) is connected to a control device (10) for controlling transport of the coolant (5), such that the quality of the coolant (5) in the first conduit (7) and in the second conduit (8) can be controlled as a function of the drilling depth (d) of the drill (3).

Claims

1. A surgical bone drilling device comprising: a drill connected to a drive, a container for a coolant, at least one pump for supplying the coolant, a first conduit for supplying the coolant from the container into the interior of the drill, and a second conduit for supplying the coolant from the container to the exterior of the drill, wherein a measuring device is provided for recording a drilling depth (d) of the drill, the measuring device being connected to a control device for controlling transport of the coolant, so that a quantity of coolant in the first conduit and in the second conduit can be adjusted as a function of the drilling depth (d) of the drill.

2. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control device is configured to transport the coolant after completion of the drilling procedure for a predetermined time (t) and/or in a predetermined quantity (m) following completion of the drilling procedure.

3. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first conduit and the second conduit are connected to the container for the coolant via a branching element and a common conduit, wherein the at least one pump is disposed in the common conduit.

4. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a control valve is disposed in the first conduit and in the second conduit respectively, the control valves being connected to the control device.

5. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first conduit and the second conduit are connected to the container for the coolant, wherein a pump is disposed in each conduit.

6. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control device is connected to an input unit for inputting parameters.

7. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control device is connected to a database.

8. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first conduit for supplying the coolant from the container into the interior of the drill and the second conduit for supplying the coolant from the container to the exterior of the drill are contained in a handpiece.

9. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second conduit for supplying the coolant from the container to the exterior of the drill is contained in a drill guide.

10. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a temperature measuring device connected to the control device is provided in order to measure the temperature (T) at the drilling site.

11. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a device adapted to record quantity of coolant in the container is disposed in the container for the coolant.

12. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a device is provided that is adapted to measure a quantity of coolant flowing through the first and second conduit.

13. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a display device is provided which is connected to the measuring device which is adapted to record the drilling depth (d) of the drill.

14. The surgical bone drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first conduit for supplying the coolant from the container into the interior of the drill is fed back to the container in order to form a closed circuit.

15. A handpiece for a surgical bone drilling device, comprising a drill which is adapted to be connected to a drive and a first conduit for supplying a coolant into the interior of the drill, and a second conduit for supplying a coolant to the exterior of the drill, wherein a measuring device is provided and is adapted to record a drilling depth (d) of the drill, the measuring device being capable of being connected to a control device for controlling transport of the coolant, so that the quantity of the coolant supplied through the first conduit and the second conduit can be controlled as a function of the drilling depth (d) of the drill.

16. The handpiece as claimed in claim 15, wherein a temperature measuring device is provided at a drilling site to measure the temperature (T).

17. A drill guide for a surgical bone drilling device comprising: openings for guiding a drill, wherein a conduit for supplying a coolant into the region of the drilling site is connected to each opening (24), wherein transport of the coolant can be controlled in the conduits as a function of a drilling depth (d) of the drill.

18. A method for cooling a surgical bone drilling device comprising a drill connected to a drive, wherein a coolant is transported by at least one pump from a container via a first conduit into the interior of the drill and via a second conduit onto the exterior of the drill, wherein a drilling depth (d) of the drill is measured and a quantity of coolant in the first conduit and in the second conduit is controlled as a function of the measured drilling depth (d) of the drill.

19. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein parameters, for example the drill employed, are input via an input unit and the quantity of coolant is controlled as a function of these parameters.

20. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein even after drilling has been completed, the coolant is transported, in particular for a predetermined time (t) and/or in a predetermined quantity (m) of the coolant.

21. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein a temperature (T) at a drilling site is measured and the quantity of coolant is controlled as a function of a measured temperature.

22. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the quantity of coolant present in the container for the coolant is measured and advantageously displayed optically or acoustically.

23. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the quantity of the coolant transported through the conduits is measured.

24. The method as claimed in claim 23, wherein when the quantity of the coolant transported through the first and second conduit drops below a predetermined quantity, an alarm is emitted.

25. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein cooled physiological saline solution is used as the coolant.

26. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the input unit is a barcode reader or a keyboard.

Description

[0038] The invention will now be described in more detail with the aid of the accompanying figures, in which:

[0039] FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a surgical bone drilling device with combined coolant and control of the cooling as a function of the measured drilling depth of the drill;

[0040] FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic view of a surgical bone drilling device with combined internal and external cooling with a pump and a Y-piece;

[0041] FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic view of a surgical bone device with combined internal and external cooling with two separate pumps or control valves;

[0042] FIGS. 4a-4c show a surgical bone drilling device with internal cooling in the drill head or handpiece and external cooling in a drill guide;

[0043] FIGS. 5a-5b show a further embodiment of a surgical bone drilling device with internal cooling in the drill head or handpiece and external cooling in a drill guide;

[0044] FIG. 6 shows a graph with time to illustrate the temperature profile at the drilling site during and after the drilling procedure in conventional cooling procedures; and

[0045] FIG. 7 shows a graph with time to illustrate the temperature profile at the drilling site during and after the drilling procedure in the cooling procedure in accordance with the invention.

[0046] FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a surgical bone drilling device 1 with combined cooling and control of cooling as a function of the measured drilling depth d of the drill 3. The surgical bone drilling device 1 comprises a drive 2 for the drill 3 and a container 4 for the coolant 5, for example the physiological saline solution. Coolant 5 is guided from the container 4 into the interior of the drill 3 for internal cooling via a first conduit 7. Coolant 5 is guided from the container 4 to the exterior of the drill 3 for external cooling via a second conduit 8. In the example shown, two pumps 6, 6 are disposed to supply the coolant 5 in the first conduit 7 and the second conduit 8. In accordance with the invention, a measuring device 9 is provided to record the drilling depth d of the drill 3; the measuring device can be configured in various manners, for example by optical, acoustic or mechanical measurement. The measuring device 9 delivers a signal to the control device 10 which is connected to the pumps 6, 6 so that the quantity of coolant 5 can be controlled as a function of the drilling depth d of the drill 3. In this regard, the quantity of coolant 5 in the first conduit 7 and the second conduit 8 is in principle adjusted from 0-100%, whereupon pure internal cooling, pure external cooling and combined internal and external cooling with variable quantities of coolant can be selected. The control device 10 may be connected to an input unit 15, by means of which certain parameters can be input or selected. The input unit 15 may, for example, be formed by a barcode reader 16 or a keyboard 17. The input unit 15 may be disposed either internally or externally; when disposed externally, a wireless connection via a transmitter 26 and a receiver 27 may be provided which is connected to the control device 10, or indeed a hard-wired connection may be provided. Furthermore, the control device 10 may be connected to a database 18 via which important data for implementing the control method may be obtained. The database 18 may also be disposed remotely and be made accessible via an appropriate network, for example the internet. Depending on the specifications for the control device 10, in particular, conveyance of the coolant 5 after completion of the drilling procedure may be provided for, for example for a given time t and/or for a given quantity m of the coolant 5. In this manner, local overheating of the bone tissue may also be prevented after completion of the drilling procedure.

[0047] A temperature measuring device 21 for measuring the temperature at the drilling site may be provided on the surgical bone drilling device 1. This temperature measuring device 21 is connected to the control device 10, which may be configured in a variety of manners. In the container 4 for the coolant 5, a device 22 may be provided to record the quantity of coolant 5 present in the container 4, so that the user can be informed in good time how much coolant 5 remains in the container 4. It is possible to measure the quantity of coolant 5 flowing through the conduits 7, 8 via a device 25 which may be configured in a variety of manners. This device 25 for measuring the quantity of coolant 5 flowing through the conduits 7, 8 is also connected to the control device 10. The user of the surgical bone drilling device 1 can be informed acoustically or optically of various events via a display device 23 which may be connected internally or externally with the control device 10.

[0048] FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic view of a surgical bone drilling device 1 with combined internal and external cooling with a pump 6 and a branching element 11. Here, the first conduit 7 for supplying the coolant 5 from the container 4 into the interior of the drill 3 and the second conduit 8 for conveying the coolant 5 from the container 4 to the exterior of the drill 3 are brought together via the branching element 11 into a common conduit 12 in which a common pump for supplying the coolant 5 is disposed. This variation has the advantage that only one pump 6 is required, however an independent control of the quantity of coolant 5 for the internal cooling and the external cooling or the first conduit. 7 or the second conduit 8 is not possible.

[0049] FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic view of a surgical bone drilling device 1 with combined internal and external cooling with two separate pumps 6, 6 or control valves 13, 14. In this variational embodiment, although two pumps 6, 6 or two control valves 13, 14 are required, an independent control of the quantity of coolant 5 for the internal and external cooling can be carried out.

[0050] FIGS. 4a-4c show a surgical bone drilling device 1 with internal cooling in the drilling head or handpiece 19 and external cooling in a drill guide 20. The outlined handpiece 19 contains both a first conduit 7 for the internal cooling inside the drill 3, and also a second conduit 8 for the external cooling at the exterior of the drill 3. The drill guide 20 contains the second conduit 8 for supplying the coolant 5 from the container 4 to the openings 24 in the drill guide 20. The coolant 5 reaches the exterior of the drill 3 via the opening 24.

[0051] FIGS. 5a and 5b show a variation of the surgical bone drilling device 1 of FIGS. 4a-4c, wherein the external cooling is provided through two respective conduits 8 to the openings for accommodating the drill 3, whereupon a quasi-sealed system is produced and the cooling medium can be practically guided in a closed circuit (naturally a portion of the coolant 5 is lost via the exterior of the drill 3).

[0052] Finally, FIG. 6 shows a graph with time to illustrate the temperature profiles at the drilling site during and after the drilling procedure at different drilling depths. The diagram shown shows the temperature profile during (tt.sub.E) and after (t>t.sub.E) a drilling procedure in a jawbone with conventional cooling. In the conventional drilling procedure, it can be seen that after completion of the drilling procedure at time t.sub.E, the temperature in the bone climbs further and in the event of exceeding a critical level, bone necrosis can occur. By means of the inventive method for cooling as a function of the drilling depth d of the drill 3 of the bone drilling device 1, a temperature rise of this type after completion of the drilling procedure at time t.sub.E is effectively prevented, since cooling is continued for an appropriate time t after completion of the drilling procedure. Instead of a fixed time t, a specific quantity m of coolant 5 may also be consumed after completion of the drilling procedure before cooling is finally shut off. The various graphs in FIGS. 6 and 7 were recorded for different drilling depths.

[0053] The present invention can be used to provide optimized cooling of surgical bone drilling devices and is of assistance in preventing bone necroses due to exceeding critical temperatures within the bone tissue.