Brake device

Abstract

A brake device for installation on an axle of wheels including a piston; a casing accommodating at least the piston; a container; a first cast iron disc and a second cast iron disc, joined to the container; a first brake lining; a first supporting disc on which the first brake lining is located; and a bearing fixed to the central cylindrical wall of the container around the axle. The container and the casing remain fixed without rotating about the axle and the first brake lining together with the first supporting disc are fixed to the axle. The piston is further configured to displace the container together with the two cast iron discs towards the first brake lining until the first cast iron disc makes contact with the first brake lining. The container includes an inner circuit configured to accommodate a coolant.

Claims

1. A brake device for installation on an axle of wheels comprising: a piston, a casing accommodating at least the piston, a container, a first cast iron disc and a second cast iron disc, joined to the container, a first brake lining, a first supporting disc on which the first brake lining is located, and a bearing fixed to a central cylindrical wall of the container around the axle, wherein the container and the casing remain fixed without rotating about the axle and the first brake lining together with the first supporting disc are fixed to the axle, wherein the piston is further configured to displace the container together with the two cast iron discs towards the first brake lining until the first cast iron disc makes contact with the first brake lining, and wherein the container comprises an inner circuit configured to accommodate a coolant.

2. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the inner circuit of the container is limited by the central cylindrical wall located around the axle, an outer cylindrical wall and the two cast iron discs that join the central cylindrical wall and the outer cylindrical wall.

3. The brake device according to claim 1, further comprising a first spring around the axle of the wheels, such that the first spring rests at one end on the bearing and at another end on the first supporting disc, wherein the first spring is configured to exert pressure on the first supporting disc when the first cast iron disc makes contact with the first brake lining, and to move the piston, the container and the first cast iron disc away from the first brake lining.

4. The brake device according to claim 1, further comprising: a second brake lining on a second supporting disc, the second brake lining located between the piston and the container, wherein the piston is configured to displace the second brake lining towards the second cast iron disc of the container, in a displacement prior to the displacement of the container and the first cast iron disc thereof towards the first brake lining.

5. The brake device according to claim 4, further comprising a second spring around the axle of the wheels, which rests at one end on the second supporting disc and at another end on the bearing, such that the second spring is configured to exert pressure on the second supporting disc when the second cast iron disc makes contact with the second brake lining, and to move the piston, the container and the second cast iron disc away from the second brake lining.

6. The brake device according to claim 1, comprising: a first hole to access the inner circuit, a second hole to access the inner circuit, wherein the coolant travels along the inner circuit by accessing it through the first hole and exiting through the second hole.

7. The brake device according to claim 6, the container further comprising: an inner wall located in the inner circuit, wherein the inner wall forces the coolant to travel along the inner circuit.

8. The brake device according to claim 6, further comprising: tubes that join the first hole and the second hole with a heat exchanger for the coolant.

9. The brake device according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one sensor in the container to control the temperature of the coolant.

10. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein: the casing comprises a plurality of perimeter channels, the container comprises a plurality of perimeter ball bearings, and wherein the perimeter ball bearings face the perimeter channels of the casing and the perimeter ball bearings are configured to slide along the perimeter channels of the casing.

11. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein: the casing comprises a plurality of perimeter threaded holes accommodating guide screws, the container comprises a plurality of perimeter lugs, and wherein the perimeter lugs accommodate the guide screws to guide sliding of the container along the guide screws.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) To complete the description, and for the purpose of helping to make the features of the invention more readily understandable, this specification is accompanied by a set of drawings constituting an integral part of the same, which by way of illustration and not limitation represent the following:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment of the brake device object of the invention.

(3) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment of the brake device object of the invention having removed the casing accommodating the piston, in braking position.

(4) FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the first brake lining joined to the supporting disc, in contact with the lid or cast iron disc of the container.

(5) FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the container having removed the first cast iron disc according to the first embodiment of the device object of the invention.

(6) FIG. 5 shows a side view of the second embodiment of the brake device object of the invention.

(7) FIG. 6 shows a perspective view from a viewpoint opposite to FIG. 5.

(8) FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the second embodiment of the device object of the invention having removed the bearing, the first supporting disc, the first brake lining and the first cast iron disc.

(9) FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of the second embodiment of the brake device object of the invention, with the displacement of the container by means of perimeter channels in the casing and perimeter ball bearings in the container.

(10) FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 8 having removed the first brake lining, the first supporting disc, the first cast iron disc and the casing.

(11) FIG. 10 shows in detail the fastening of the brake lining to the axle.

(12) A list of the numerical references used in the depicted figures is provided below:

(13) 1.—piston,

(14) 2.—container,

(15) 3.—outer cylindrical wall,

(16) 4.—central cylindrical wall,

(17) 5.—first cast iron disc,

(18) 6.—brake line,

(19) 7.—second cast iron disc,

(20) 8.—inner circuit,

(21) 9.—first brake lining,

(22) 10.—supporting disc,

(23) 11.—spring,

(24) 12.—casing,

(25) 13.—first hole,

(26) 14.—second hole,

(27) 15.—inner wall,

(28) 16.—tubes,

(29) 17.—sealing gaskets,

(30) 18.—sensor,

(31) 19.—recess for passage of the tubes,

(32) 20.—second brake lining,

(33) 21.—second spring,

(34) 22.—second supporting disc,

(35) 23.—perimeter channels,

(36) 24.—perimeter ball bearings,

(37) 25.—perimeter threaded holes,

(38) 26.—guide screws,

(39) 27.—perimeter lugs,

(40) 28.—pin,

(41) 29.—accommodation,

(42) 30.—fastening part,

(43) 100.—axle, and

(44) 101.—bearing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(45) Next, two embodiments of the brake device object of the invention are described, making reference to the references used in the figures.

(46) The brake device object of the invention is installed on an axle (100) of wheels and has two embodiments that will be described below.

(47) The first embodiment of the brake device object of the invention, starting from the area furthest from the wheel, comprises:

(48) a piston (1),

(49) a container (2),

(50) a first cast iron disc (5) joined to the container (2),

(51) a second cast iron disc (7) joined to the container (2),

(52) a first brake lining (9), and

(53) a first supporting disc (10) on which the first brake lining (9) is located.

(54) In the brake device object of the invention, the piston (1) and the container (2) together with the first cast iron disc (5) and the second cast iron disc (7) are placed on the axle (100) but they do not rotate together with the rotation of the axle (100), while the first supporting disc (10) and the first brake lining (9) are fixed to the axle (100) and rotate with the rotation of said axle (100).

(55) The container (2), in the particular embodiment of said container (2) described herein, has the shape of a toroid with a rectangular section, and comprises a central cylindrical wall (4) located around the axle (100) and an outer cylindrical wall (3), such that both the first cast iron disc (5) and the second cast iron disc (7) are joined to the container (2) and, together with the central cylindrical wall (4) and the outer cylindrical wall (3), configure an inner circuit (8) to accommodate a coolant. To ensure that the inner circuit (8) is sealed, sealing gaskets (17) are located between the first cast iron disc (5) and the central cylindrical wall (4) and the outer cylindrical wall (3) of the container (2), as well as between the second cast iron disc (7) and the central cylindrical wall (4) and the outer cylindrical wall (3) of the container (2).

(56) The container (2) comprises a first hole (13) and a second hole (14) located in the outer cylindrical wall (3) and further comprises an inner wall (15) in the inner circuit (8), the two holes (13, 14) being used so that the coolant can access and exit the inner circuit (8) of the container (2), as explained later in this specification.

(57) During braking, the friction between the first cast iron disc (5) and the first brake lining (9) generates heat which, thanks to the device object of the invention, dissipates, as will be seen below, reducing the wear of the components and increasing braking efficiency.

(58) Thus, the brake device object of the invention dissipates the heat generated by the friction of the first brake lining (9) against the first cast iron disc (5) by means of circulating the coolant through the inner circuit (8) of the container (2), which is introduced through the first hole (13) in the inner circuit (8); said coolant circulates through the inner circuit (8) absorbing the heat generated in the first cast iron disc (5) and leaves the inner circuit (8) through the second hole (14), the path of the coolant through the inner circuit (8) being forced by the inner wall (15).

(59) The coolant, once it has exited the inner circuit (8), is carried by means of tubes (16) to a radiator or a heat exchanger (not shown in the figures) wherein the coolant loses temperature to be introduced back into the inner circuit (8) through the first hole (13), in this way a cooling circuit of the coolant is generated. In order to control the temperature of the coolant, the device object of the invention has two sensors (18) installed in the container (2).

(60) Finally, the brake device object of the invention comprises a casing (12) covering at least the piston (1), such that the other components of the brake device object of the invention can be covered by the casing (12) or can be outside it.

(61) Likewise, the casing (12) may comprise at least one recess (19) for the passage of the tubes (16) of the device object of the invention, when the design of the device requires that the tubes (16) go through the casing (12).

(62) In the first embodiment, the device comprises a bearing (101) between the central cylindrical wall (4) of the container (2) and the axle (100), such that the container (2) rests on the bearing (101) that makes the container (2) independent of the rotating movement of the axle (100), therefore neither the container (2) with the two cast iron discs (5, 7) nor the piston (1) rotate together with the axle (100). Furthermore, the bearing (101) supports a first spring (11), such that the first spring (11) rests at one end on the bearing (101) and at the opposite end it rests on the first supporting disc (10) on which the first brake lining (9) is located, such that, when it does not receive pressure from the piston (1), the first cast iron disc (5) distances itself from the first brake lining (9), avoiding unnecessary friction.

(63) The fastening of the first supporting disc (10) together with the first brake lining (9) to the axle (100) is carried out in an embodiment of the invention by means of a bolt or pin (28) that crosses the supporting disc (10) and the axle (100).

(64) The fastening of the second supporting disc (22) together with the first brake lining (20) to the axle (100) is carried out in an embodiment of the invention by means of a disc-shaped part (30), which has guide axles, fixed to the axle (100) by means of a bolt or pin (29), which introduced in the corresponding accommodations thereof of the second supporting disc (22) forces it to rotate together with the axle (100), but enables it to displace linearly, by the action of the piston.

(65) In this first embodiment of the device object of the invention, braking occurs because the piston (1) receives, when the vehicle brake pedal is pressed, a hydraulic fluid therein, through a break line (6), and therefore the piston (1) displaces the container (2) along with it with the first cast iron disc (5) towards the first brake lining (9), braking taking place due to friction between the first brake lining (9) and the first cast iron disc (5). The first spring (11) placed around the axle (100) rests at one end on the bearing (101) fixed in the central cylindrical wall (4) of the container (2) and at the opposite end it rests on the first supporting disc (10), forcing the assembly of the piston (1), the container (2) and the first cast iron disc (5) to return to its initial position once the hydraulic fluid stops entering the piston (1), in other words, it separates the mentioned assembly from the first brake lining (9).

(66) There is a second embodiment of the brake device object of the invention, which further comprises a second brake lining (20) resting on a second supporting disc (22), the second brake lining (20) and the second supporting disc (22) being located between the piston (1) and the container (2).

(67) In this second embodiment of the brake device object of the invention, a bearing (101) is also located between the central cylindrical wall (4) of the container (2) and the axle (100) so that the container (2) is in a stable position without rotation with respect to the axle (100).

(68) Furthermore, this second embodiment comprises a second spring (21) located opposite the first spring (11) with respect to the bearing (101). The second spring (21) rests at one end on the bearing (101) and at the other end on the second supporting disc (22). With this arrangement, the container (2) remains fixed without rotation, while the springs (11, 21), the supporting discs (10, 22), the brake linings (9, 20) and the axle (100) rotate together.

(69) The braking in the second embodiment of the brake device object of the invention occurs in two complementary steps: in a first step the piston (1), as a consequence of stepping on the brake pedal of the vehicle, receives a hydraulic fluid therein, displacing said piston (1) against the second supporting disc (22) by dragging the second brake lining (20) against the container (2), the second brake lining (20) coming into contact with the second cast iron disc (7) of the container (2), generating a first friction or braking friction; if in this situation the speed of the axle (100) on which the second brake lining (20) is fixed is reduced as desired, the action of the second spring (21), along with the fact that the hydraulic fluid ceases to enter the piston (1), separates the second brake lining (20) from the second cast iron disc (7) of the container (2). It may happen that the speed of the axle (100) must be further reduced, keeping the brake pedal pressed or increasing the pressure thereon to do so; the hydraulic fluid continues entering the piston (1) and the very piston (1) displaces the second brake lining (20), the second supporting disc (22) together with the container (2), the first cast iron disc (5) and the bearing (101) fixed to the container (2), compressing both the first spring (11) and the second spring (21), until making contact with the first brake lining (9) that is rotating with the axle (100).

(70) Once the speed of the axle (100) has been reduced as desired, lifting of the vehicle brake pedal occurs, whereby the hydraulic fluid ceases to enter the piston (1) and the first spring (11) and the second spring (21) separate in a first step the first brake lining (9) from the first cast iron disc (5), and in a second step they separate the second brake lining (20) from the second cast iron disc (7), as explained above.

(71) The fastening of the second brake lining (20) and the second supporting disc (22) is like the one already expressed for the first brake lining (9) and the first supporting disc (10), by means of complementary pins (28) and accommodations (29) or by means of a fastening piece (30) to which the second brake lining (20) and/or the second supporting disc (22) are subsequently fixed.

(72) The container (2) moves along the axle (100) driven by the piston (1), said movement being guided along the axle (100). Guidance of the displacement along the axle (100) is achieved in one of the two ways set out below: a first way is by means of perimeter channels (23) located in the casing (12) and perimeter ball bearings (24) of the container (2) that face the perimeter channels (23) of the casing (12), such that the perimeter ball bearings (24) slide along the perimeter channels (23) of the casing (12). a second way is by means of perimeter threaded holes (25) of the casing (12) wherein guide screws (26) are introduced, such that the container (2) slides through said guide screws (26), thanks to perimeter lugs (27) of said container (2) that face the guide screws (26) of the casing (12).

(73) The invention should not be limited to the particular embodiments described herein. Persons skilled in the art can develop other embodiments in view of the description made herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.