Abstract
A friction plate for a timber joint between a first connection element of wood and a second connection element, with a plate-shaped carrier with a first carrier connection side for a surface connection to the first connection element and a second carrier connection side for a surface connection to the second connection element, and a roughening of at least one section of the first and/or second carrier connection side.
Claims
1. A friction plate for a timber joint between a first connection element of wood and a second connection element, comprising: a plate-shaped carrier with a first carrier connection side for a surface connection to the first connection element, a second carrier connection side for a surface connection to the second connection element, and a roughening of at least one section of the first and/or second carrier connection side, wherein the roughening is formed in at least one section by pyramidal projections, wherein the roughening comprises a height of 0.1 to 3 mm with relation to the surface of the respective carrier connection side, wherein the friction plate can be pierced by a wood screw without pre-drilling.
2. The friction plate according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is made of a metal or plastic, a laminate, non-woven material or multi-layered paper.
3. The friction plate according to claim 1, wherein the first connection element is a wooden beam.
4. The friction plate according to claim 1, wherein the second connection element is made of wood or is made of steel, or a wall section of a building.
5. The friction plate according to claim 1, wherein the roughening is formed on a carrier connection side or both carrier connection sides.
6. The friction plate according to claim 1, wherein the roughening is formed in at least one section of the respective carrier connection side or comprises a roughening in the section of the carrier connection side, by which it abuts the connection element.
7. The friction plate according to claim 1, wherein the carrier comprises a thickness of 0.2 to 12 mm.
8. The friction plate according to claim 1, wherein at least one through hole in order to guide a fastening element through this when forming the timber joint.
9. A timber joint between a first connection element made of wood and a second connection element, comprising: a friction plate between the first and the second connection element, the friction plate having a surface roughened in at least one section by pyramidal projections comprising a height of 0.1 to 3 mm with relation to the surface of the respective carrier connection side, wherein the friction plate can be pierced by a wood screw without pre-drilling; and at least one fastening element for holding the friction plate and the first and second connection elements at each other.
10. The timber joint according claim 9, wherein the at least one fastening element is formed by screws and/or drill rod dowels.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) Further features, details and advantages of the invention result from the claims and the following description of preferred embodiments, as well as on the basis of the drawing. The figures show:
(2) FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional and FIG. 1B is a top view of a friction plate according to an embodiment of the invention,
(3) FIG. 2A is a top view; FIG. 2B is a lateral view and FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view of a shear connection with the friction plate of FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B,
(4) FIG. 3A is a top view and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional side view and FIG. 3C is a separate side view of an assembly with a friction plate like in FIGS. 1A and 1B, but with a different base area,
(5) FIG. 4A is a first lateral view; FIG. 4B is a second lateral view and FIG. 4C is a top view of a joist hanger with a friction plate according to an embodiment of the invention in a further embodiment,
(6) FIG. 5A is a first cross-sectional view; FIG. 5B is a lateral view and FIG. 5C is a top view of a timber joint with the joist hanger in FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C,
(7) FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 6B is a top view of a friction plate according to a further embodiment of the invention, and
(8) FIG. 7 illustrates the friction plate in FIGS. 6A and 6B between two wooden connection elements to form a timber joint.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
(9) The illustrations in the drawings are schematically presented. In different drawings, similar or identical elements are provided with the same reference signs.
(10) FIG. 1A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 1B shows a top view of a friction plate 1 according to a first embodiment with a carrier 1T and a roughening 3 in the form of projections 3V. The friction plate 1 has two opposite lateral surfaces as first and second carrier connection side 1ETAS, 1ZTAS for connecting to a respective connection element 7, 9 (not shown in FIG. 1A or FIG. 1B).
(11) The friction plate 1 is made of stainless steel and has through holes 1D for feeding through fastening elements 11 (not shown in FIG. 1A or FIG. 1B), wherein the through holes were punched into the friction plate 1. The through holes 1D were punched into the friction plate 1 in such a way that each through hole has a ring-shaped collar as a projection 3V. The projections 3V form the roughening 3 of the respective carrier connection side 1ETAS, 1ZTAS. The through holes 1D and thus the protrusions 3V are arranged matrix-like, wherein the projections 3V project from both carrier connection sides 1ETAS, 1ZTAS in an alternating manner.
(12) The carrier 1T of the friction plate 1 has a thickness of 0.8 mm. The projections 3V project by 0.25 mm with relation to the surface 1O of the respective carrier connection sides 1ETAS, 1ZTAS.
(13) FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C show a timber joint 5 with a first and a second connection element 7, 9 wherein the friction plate 1 in FIGS. 1A and 1B is arranged between these. The first and second connection elements 7, 9 are each a wooden beam. The two connection elements 7, 9 extensively abut the surface of each other in the area of one of their respective ends on each other. As can be taken in particular from FIG. 2B, the connection elements abut against each other with a surface greater than the friction plate 1. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the friction plate 1 is fastened to the connection element 7 with a nail 13 and a wood screw 11 is screwed through the other connection element 9 and screwed through a through hole 1D in the friction plate 1 into the connection element 7. The wood screw 11 is a self-drilling wood screw and is flush sunk in the connection element 9. A thread of the wood screw 11 is completely arranged in the connection element 7 and a threadless shaft is completely arranged in the connection element 9 so that a head of the wood screw 9 presses the connection element 9 against the connection element 7. In FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, only a wood screw 11 is shown that presses the connection elements 7, 9 against each other. Other wood screws 11 can be screwed through the connection elements 7, 9 and the friction plate 1 to hold them together depending on the application or the load capacities.
(14) FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show a timber joint 5 between two wooden beams as connection elements 7, 9, between which a friction plate 1 is arranged. While the connection element 7, 9 in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C run parallel to each other, the connection elements 7, 9 in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C form an approximately 135° angle to each other. The friction plate 1 in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is analogous to the friction plate 1 in FIGS. 1A and 1B but has a trapezoidal base area instead of a square one. As it is shown in FIG. 1A and FIGS. 2A and 2C, the through holes 1D forming the projections 3V are arranged in two rows, through which wood screws 11 are screwed, as it is shown in particular by FIGS. 3B and 3C. As it is described regarding FIG. 2A, the thread of the wood screws 11 is completely arranged in a connection element 7 and the threadless shaft of the wood screws is completely arranged in the other connection element 9, wherein again, the friction plate 1 is arranged between these and the wood screws are screwed through the through holes 1D.
(15) FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C show in three views a joist hanger 15 made of steel. As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 4B and 4C, in one side of the joist hanger 15 through holes 1D are arranged matrix-like, which form projections 3V as described above. FIG. 4B shows four through holes 1D in two opposite sides of the joist hanger 15, which do not form projections 3V.
(16) FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C show the joist hanger 15 of FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C, wherein a first connection element 7 in the form of a wooden beam is inserted into the joist hanger 15 in order to connect this at a 90° angle to another connection element 9 in the form of a wooden beam. The connection element 7 is fixed in the joist hanger 15 by the wood screws 11 being screwed through the through holes 1D of the opposite sides of the joist hanger 15, which do not form projections 3V; see FIG. 5C in particular. Through the through holes 1D of the joist hanger 15, which form projections 3V, wood screws 11 are screwed into the further connection element 9. The side surface of the joist hanger 15 with projections 3V, which side surface abuts against the connection element 9, forms a friction plate 1. The friction plate 1 differs from the above among other in that on the one hand the roughening 3 is formed only on one carrier connection side 1ETAS (and the other carrier connection side 1ZTAS has no roughening 3) and on the other hand the friction plate 1 is an integral part of another component, hereinafter forms a part or section of the joist hanger 15.
(17) FIGS. 6A and 6B show a further embodiment of the friction plate 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. In the present case, the friction plate 1 has a carrier 1T made of plastic. When casting the carrier 1T, small stones 17 were poured in, so that the stones 17 are enclosed by the plastic and held by it. Stones 17 are irregularly poured into the carrier 1T, as shown in particular in FIG. 6B.
(18) The plastic from which the carrier 1T is cast is a hard plastic so that the carrier 1T is rigid. However, it is also possible to use a soft plastic so that the carrier 1T can be rolled up. In this variant, the friction plate 1 can be present in the form of a roll from which required pieces can be separated in the desired size.
(19) The carrier 1T of the friction plate 1 has a thickness of 1.5 mm. The stones have a maximum size of 2.5 mm so that they protrude not more than 1 mm from a surface 1O of the carrier.
(20) FIG. 7 shows a timber joint 5 between two connection elements 7, 9 (each a wooden beam), wherein the friction plate 1 in FIGS. 6A and 6B is arranged between these. For the creation of the timber joint 5, the wooden beams 7, 9 were laid onto one another and the friction plate 1 were arranged between these. Subsequently, wood screws 11 were drilled through the connection element 7 and the friction plate 1 into the connection element 9. Pre-drilling of the connection elements 7, 9 or the friction plate 1 is not necessary since the wood screws are 11 self-drilling. The wood screws can easily penetrate the friction plate 1 since the friction plate 1 is, on the one hand, made of plastic and, on the other hand, comprises only a low level of thickness.
(21) The friction plate 1 is described in the above described embodiments so that a plurality of fastening elements 11 can be guided through these. However, it is possible to manufacture the friction plate 1 to be circular, for example with a diameter of smaller than 15 cm, more preferably smaller than 10 cm, or to be square, for example with an edge length of less than 15 cm, more preferably shorter than 10 cm. In this embodiment, friction plates 1 can be arranged at selected points of a timber joint 5 and respectively one fastening element 11 can be guided through these in order to increase the stiction only at these select points. Between the two connection elements 7, 9 one or a plurality of such friction plates 1 can be arranged, wherein possibly one or a plurality of friction plates 1 of the previously described embodiments in accordance with FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4A, 4B, 4C, 5A, 5B, 5C, 6A, 6B to 7 can additionally be used.
(22) Thus, a plurality of equal or also a plurality of different friction plates 1 between the connection elements 7, 9 can be arranged to form the timber joint 5.
(23) Supplementarily, it should be noted that “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps and the article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, it is noted that features or steps, which are described with reference to one of the above embodiments, can also be used in combination with other features or steps of other examples described above.
REFERENCE SIGNS
(24) 1 friction plate 1D through hole 1T carrier 1ETAS first carrier connection side 1O surface of the carrier 1ZTAS second carrier connection side 3 roughening 3V projection 5 timber joint 7 first connection element made of wood 9 second connection element 11 fastening element 13 nail 15 joist hanger 17 stone
