Packing Assembly for a Pump

Abstract

A header ring for use in a stuffing box comprising an annular body portion of an elastomeric material, an annular radially inward projecting sealing lip portion formed on said body portion and an annular, axially facing pedestal portion formed on said body portion, said pedestal portion defining an annularly extending radially inwardly facing pedestal surface, the sealing lip portion defining an annularly extending, radially inward facing sealing surface, the sealing surface and the pedestal surface forming a juncture, at least a portion of the pedestal portion adjacent the juncture and forming the pedestal surface and at least a portion of the sealing lip portion adjacent the juncture and forming a portion of the sealing surface being comprised of a layer of reinforced elastomeric material bonded to the body portion.

Claims

1. A header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump, the pump adapted to displace a fluid, wherein the pump comprises: a housing having a generally cylindrical bore extending therethrough and forming a generally radially inwardly facing housing cylindrical surface; a plunger reciprocally extending through the housing; at least one annular sealing ring positioned in the housing; and the header ring, wherein the header ring is positioned in the housing and engaged with one of the at least one annular sealing ring; wherein the header ring comprises: an opening through which the plunger extends; an elastomeric body that does not contain layers of cloth; a radially inwardly facing annularly extending sealing lip adjacent the opening; a radially inwardly facing cylindrical surface adjacent the opening; an annular radially outwardly facing cylindrical surface opposite the opening; an annular axially extending pedestal extending between the radially inwardly facing cylindrical surface and the annular radially outwardly facing cylindrical surface; an annular axially extending surface extending between the annular radially outwardly facing cylindrical surface and the radially inwardly facing annularly extending sealing lip; and a layer of a fabric reinforced elastomeric material covering the radially inwardly facing annularly extending sealing lip, the radially inwardly facing cylindrical surface, the annular radially outwardly facing cylindrical surface, the annular axially extending pedestal, and the annular axially extending surface.

2. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 1, wherein the layer of fabric reinforced elastomeric material forms a barrier blocking operational nibbling away of the header ring at a junction of the radially inwardly facing annularly extending sealing lip and the radially inwardly facing cylindrical surface.

3. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 1, wherein the elastomeric body is formed substantially entirely from a homogeneous elastomeric material.

4. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 3, wherein the homogeneous elastomeric material is selected from the group consisting of natural rubber and synthetic rubber.

5. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 1, wherein the header ring further comprises an axially extending annular bead opposite the annular axially extending pedestal, the bead being adjacent the radially inwardly facing annularly extending sealing lip.

6. A header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump, the pump adapted to displace a fluid, wherein the pump comprises: a housing having a generally cylindrical bore extending therethrough and forming a generally radially inwardly facing housing cylindrical surface; a plunger reciprocally extending through the housing; and a sealing apparatus disposed within the housing, the sealing apparatus having a high pressure end and comprising: (i) an annular sealing ring circumscribing and slidingly engaged by the plunger; and (ii) the header ring; wherein the header ring comprises: forward facing surfaces and rearward facing surfaces, the forward facing surfaces being disposed at the high pressure end of the sealing apparatus and the rearward facing surfaces being engaged with the annular sealing ring; an opening through which the plunger extends; an elastomeric body that does not contain layers of cloth; a radially inwardly extending first annular surface adjacent the opening and engaged with the plunger, wherein the radially inwardly extending first annular surface has a forward facing portion; an axially extending second annular surface opposite the opening and engaged with the housing cylindrical surface; a forward facing radially extending third annular surface extending between the first annular surface and the second annular surface; a rearward facing fourth annular surface extending between the second annular surface and the radially inwardly extending partially forward facing first annular surface; and a layer of a fabric reinforced elastomeric material covering at least the forward facing surfaces of the header ring.

7. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 6 wherein the homogeneous elastomeric material is selected from the group consisting of natural rubber and synthetic rubber.

8. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger type pump of claim 6, wherein the header ring further comprises a rearward facing axially extending annular bead opposite the third annular surface, the bead being adjacent the first annular surface.

9. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger type pump of claim 6, wherein the layer of a fabric reinforced elastomeric material covers the radially inwardly extending first annular surface, the axially extending second annular surface, the forward facing radially extending third annular surface, and the rearward facing fourth annular surface.

10. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger type pump of claim 8, wherein the layer of a fabric reinforced elastomeric material covers the radially inwardly extending first annular surface, the axially extending second annular surface, the forward facing radially extending third annular surface, the rearward facing fourth annular surface and the rearward facing axially extending annular bead.

11. A header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump, the pump adapted to displace a fluid, wherein the pump comprises: a housing having a generally cylindrical bore extending therethrough and forming a generally radially inwardly facing housing cylindrical surface; a plunger reciprocally extending through the housing; and a sealing apparatus disposed within the housing, the sealing apparatus having a high pressure end and comprising (i) an annular sealing ring circumscribing and slidingly engaged by the plunger and (ii) the header ring; wherein the header ring comprises: forward facing surfaces and rearward facing surfaces, the forward facing surfaces being disposed at the high pressure end of the sealing apparatus and the rearward facing surfaces being engaged with the annular sealing ring; an opening through which the plunger extends; and a resilient body, comprising: a radially inwardly extending first annular portion adjacent the opening, the radially inwardly extending first annular portion having a forward facing portion; an axially extending second annular portion adjacent the opening; an axially extending third annular portion opposite the opening; a forward facing radially extending fourth annular portion extending between the second and third annular portions; a rearward facing fifth annular portion extending between the third annular portion and the first annular portion; and a layer of a fabric reinforced elastomeric material covering at least the forward facing portion of the radially inwardly extending first annular portion and the axially extending second annular portion.

12. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 11, wherein the resilient body is formed substantially entirely from a homogeneous elastomeric material.

13. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 12, wherein the homogeneous elastomeric material is selected from the group consisting of natural rubber and synthetic rubber.

14. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger type pump of claim 11, wherein the header ring further comprises a rearward facing axially extending annular bead opposite the fourth annular portion, the bead being adjacent the first annular portion.

15. A header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump, the pump adapted to displace a fluid, wherein the pump comprises: a housing having a generally cylindrical bore extending therethrough and forming a generally radially inwardly facing housing cylindrical surface; a plunger reciprocally positioned in the bore, such that an annulus is formed between the housing cylindrical surface and the plunger; at least one annular sealing ring positioned in the annulus; and the header ring positioned in the annulus and engaged with one of the at least one annular sealing ring; wherein the header ring comprises: an opening through which the plunger extends; a resilient body, comprising: a radially inwardly extending first annular portion adjacent the opening; an axially extending second annular portion adjacent the opening; an axially extending third annular portion opposite the opening; a radially extending fourth annular portion extending between the second and third annular portions; a fifth annular portion extending between the third annular portion and the first annular portion; and a layer of a fabric reinforced elastomeric material entirely encapsulating the resilient body and defining the exterior surface thereof.

16. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 15, wherein the layer of reinforced elastomeric material forms a barrier blocking operational nibbling away of the header ring at the junction of the first and second annular portions thereof.

17. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 15, wherein the resilient body is formed substantially entirely from a homogeneous elastomeric material.

18. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 17, wherein the homogeneous elastomeric material is selected from the group consisting of natural rubber and synthetic rubber.

19. The header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger type pump of claim 15, wherein the header ring further comprises a rearward facing axially extending annular bead opposite the fourth annular portion, the bead being adjacent the first annular portion.

20. A header ring for use in a reciprocating plunger-type pump adapted to displace a fluid, wherein the pump comprises: a housing; a plunger reciprocally extending through the housing; and sealing apparatus disposed within the housing, the sealing apparatus having a high pressure end and including: an annular sealing ring circumscribing and slidingly engaged by the plunger, and the header ring disposed at the high pressure end of the sealing apparatus, wherein the header ring engages the sealing ring on a first side of the header ring, circumscribes the plunger, and comprises: a body that does not include layers of fabric, comprising an annular, radially inwardly projecting portion from which an annular pedestal portion, disposed on the opposite of the header ring, axially extends, the radially inwardly projecting portion and the annular pedestal portion being formed of an elastomeric material, the pedestal portion having an annular interior side surface which is radially outwardly offset relative to the radially inner circumference of the radially inwardly projecting portion and forms with the radially inwardly projecting portion an annular juncture area therebetween, wherein the entire body of the header ring is covered by a layer of reinforced elastomeric material which defines the exterior surface of the header ring.

21. The reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 20 wherein the header ring is in an axially nested relationship with the sealing ring.

22. The reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 20 wherein the layer of reinforced elastomeric material is a layer of fabric-reinforced elastomeric material.

23. The reciprocating plunger-type pump of claim 20 wherein the elastomeric material is selected from the group consisting of natural rubber and synthetic rubber.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art header ring prior to installation.

[0019] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the header ring of FIG. 1 which has been damaged by nibbling.

[0020] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another type of prior art header ring prior to installation.

[0021] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the header ring of FIG. 3 which has been damaged by nibbling.

[0022] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the header ring of the present invention.

[0023] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the header ring of the present invention.

[0024] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the header ring of the present invention.

[0025] FIG. 8 is a schematic view, partly in section, of a sealing assembly according to the present invention in the stuffing box of a plunger pump.

[0026] FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the circled portion of the header ring shown in FIG. 8.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] Referring first to FIG. 5, the header ring 50 comprises an annular body portion 52, an annular axially extending pedestal 53, an annular, axially extending bead 56, distal the pedestal 53, and a radially inwardly facing, annularly extending sealing lip 58. As can be seen, body 52, bead 56, pedestal 53 and sealing lip 58 are integrally formed, for the most part, of a homogeneous, elastomeric material. However, a portion 60 of the pedestal 53 forming the radially inwardly facing cylindrical surface 61 and the portion 62 of the sealing lip 58 forming a portion of sealing surface 64 is comprised of a layer of reinforced, elastomeric material, bonded to the homogeneous elastomeric material of the remainder of header ring 50. As seen, the portions 60 and 62 extend over the juncture 63 of surfaces 61 and 64. When in the relaxed state as shown in FIG. 5, the fabric reinforced sections 60 and 62, when adjoined, are generally L-shaped when viewed in transverse cross-section.

[0028] FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention wherein the header ring 68 has an annular body portion 70 which is primarily made of a homogeneous elastomeric material. The header ring 68 has an annular, radially outwardly facing cylindrical surface 72. Bonded to the homogeneous elastomeric portion of body 70 is an annular layer 74 of a fabric reinforced elastomer, the layer 74 covering the surfaces of the pedestal 76, the sealing lip 78, the bead 80 and portions of the forward and rearward portions of the body 70 forming surface 72. As in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the portions of the pedestal 76 and sealing lip 78 forming juncture 82 between the pedestal 76 and the sealing lip 78 is formed of a layer of fabric reinforced elastomeric material forming adjoining surfaces 82A and 82B.

[0029] Turning to FIG. 7, there is shown another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the header ring, shown generally as 88, has a body 89, the core 90 of which is comprised of an elastomeric material, a portion of annular pedestal 92 and a portion of annular sealing lip 94. Unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the reinforced fabric layer 96 completely encapsulates or surrounds the core 90 of body portion 89.

[0030] FIG. 8 depicts a typical sealing assembly 101 for use in a stuffing box, shown generally as 100, of a plunger-type pump employing a header ring of the present invention. Stuffing box 100 comprises a housing 102 having a bore 104 extending therethrough, bore 104 defining a cylindrical surface 103. Housing 102 also has a shoulder portion 108. Movably, e.g., reciprocally, positioned in bore 104 is a plunger, piston or shaft 106. Sealing assembly 101 comprises an annular gland 105, an annular header ring 110, an-annular, first seal ring 112, and an annular, second seal ring 114. The sealing assembly 101 also includes a top, annular adaptor ring 116 and an annular bushing 118. As can be seen, header ring 110 forms a wiper ring at the high pressure end of the sealing assembly 101, its primary function being to prevent abrasives/solids from entering the region where the seal rings 112 and 114 are positioned and thereby prevent excessive wear on seal rings 112 and 114. It is also to be noted that, as shown in FIG. 8, header ring 110 no longer has the shape shown in, for example, FIG. 5 since the radially inwardly extending sealing lip 111 has been compressed to effect sealing between the plunger 106 and the housing 102, the cylindrical surface 103 being in sealing engagement with an annular, radially outwardly facing surface 109 of the compressed header ring 110 which is generally cylindrical.

[0031] Referring now to FIG. 9, there is shown an enlargement of the circled portion of FIG. 8. As an example of the present invention, header ring 110 is constructed essentially the same as the header ring shown in FIG. 5 having a generally L-shaped, annularly extending reinforcing section or layer 120 that bridges the juncture 122 between the surface of sealing lip 124 and the surface of pedestal 126.

[0032] While packing assembly 101 has been shown as containing two seal rings of the chevron or V-shaped type, it will be appreciated that depending upon the use to which the plunger pump is subjected, fewer or more sealing rings can be employed. It will also be seen that the annular bead 119 of header ring 110 is nested in the annularly extending, axially facing groove in seal ring 112 so as to anchor seal ring 112 to the header ring 110. It will be appreciated that the seal rings 112 and 114 can be constructed of various materials and have various shapes, the only provision being that they have sufficient resiliency to effect sealing between the housing 102 and plunger 106. Generally speaking, components such as annular bushing 118, top adaptor 116, and annular gland 105 are made of a metallic material, e.g., brass.

[0033] The packing assembly 101 can be energized by header ring 110 and can be made to be adjustable by techniques well known in the art. If, however the packing assembly 101 is preloaded, care must be taken to ensure that the correct amount of preload is employed to prevent movement of the sealing assembly in the housing or stuffing box to prevent excessive wear on the sealing assembly. In this regard, if there is too little preload the packing will move in the housing wearing both the ID and OD of the seal rings as well as the header ring causing premature wear and in extreme cases causing wear in the stuffing box resulting in expensive repair or refurbishment. On the other hand, if the packing assembly is adjusted with too little preload, high friction forces cause accelerated wear of the header ring and the seal rings with premature failure.

[0034] The homogeneous elastomeric core of the header ring of the present invention can be made from a number of different natural or synthetic rubbers as, for example, nitrile or butadiene rubber, with a desired degree of hardness again depending upon the use to which the plunger pump is exposed. Likewise, the elastomeric portions of the seal rings 112 and 114 can be of various rubbers with desirable hardness. As indicated, the seal rings, e.g., seal rings 112 and 114, can be reinforced with fabric, can be homogeneous elastomeric materials, can have anti-extrusion portions, etc.

[0035] Sections 61 and 62 forming an anti-nibbling section, as seen in FIG. 5 indicated, are generally a fabric reinforced rubber, synthetic or natural. The term fabric as used with respect to the anti-nibbling wear section of the various embodiments of the present invention is used in the broadest sense and includes any cloth or cloth-like structure made by any technique such as knitting, weaving or felting of fibers of natural or synthetic materials as well as mixed fibers and includes, without limitation, fibers of cotton, nylon, polyester, polyester blends, aramid fibers, fiberglass fibers or any combination thereof.

[0036] The foregoing description and examples illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention. In light thereof, variations and modifications will be suggested to one skilled in the art, all of which are in the spirit and purview of this invention.