Crusher

Abstract

The invention relates to a crusher for crushing solid material, the crusher comprising a frame; at least one crusher rotor arranged rotatably to the frame and having crusher blades secured to the circumference thereof; a yielding counterblade structure arranged for cooperation with the crusher blades of the rotor for concurrently crushing and cutting said material and for yielding when encountering non-crushable material and when overloaded; and a yielding and downwardly openable set of screens below the crusher rotor, whereby the counterblade structure is linked to the frame of the set of screens and made turnable towards it with respect for the pivoting shaft in a yield situation; and the set of screens is linked to the crusher frame on the opposite side of the crusher rotor with respect to the counterblade structure and its pivoting shaft and made downwardly collapsible about the pivoting shaft of the set of screens.

Claims

1. A crusher for crushing solid material, the crusher comprising: a crusher frame (1); at least one crusher rotor (2) arranged rotatably to the crusher frame (1), the crusher rotor having a circumference and having a plurality of crusher blades (3) secured to the circumference for crushing the material; a yielding counterblade structure (4) arranged for co-operation with the crusher blades (3) of the crusher rotor (2) to concurrently crush and cut the material, the counterblade structure (4) being arranged to yield in a situation wherein the counterblade structure (4) encounters non-crushable material (12) and is overloaded; a yielding, downwardly openable set of screens (5) that is arranged below the crusher rotor (2) at a selected axial distance from the crusher blades (3) of the crusher rotor (2), and a frame (7) for the set of screens, wherein the counterblade structure (4) is linked to the frame (7) for the set of screens (5) at a first pivoting shaft (6) and is turnable about the first pivoting shaft (6) towards the frame for the set of screens (5) in the yield situation; and wherein the set of screens (5) is linked to the crusher frame (1) at a second pivoting shaft (8) on an opposite side of the crusher rotor (2) to the counterblade structure (4) and the first pivoting shaft (6) and the set of screens (5) is downwardly collapsible about the second pivoting shaft (8), and wherein the counterblade structure is rotatable about a third pivoting shaft (10) that is movable relative to the crusher frame.

2. The crusher of claim 1, wherein the set of screens (5) and the counterblade structure (4) are supported on a common yielding structure (9) having a first end and a second end, the first end of the yielding structure being supported on the crusher frame (1) and the second end of the yielding structure comprising the third pivoting shaft (10) supporting the counterblade structure (4) between a free end of the counterblade structure (4) and the first pivoting shaft (6).

3. The crusher of claim 2, wherein the counterblade structure (4) is divided into a plurality of portions in the axial direction of the crusher rotor (2).

4. The crusher of claim 2, wherein the counterblade structure (4) is movable from a first position adjacent to the crusher frame to a second position that is spaced from the crusher frame so as to define an open jaw between the crusher frame and the counterblade structure.

5. The crusher of claim 2, wherein the yielding structure (9) comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder.

6. The crusher of claim 5, wherein the counterblade structure (4) is divided into a plurality of portions in the axial direction of the crusher rotor (2).

7. The crusher of claim 2, wherein the yielding structure (9) comprises at least one pneumatic or mechanical spring.

8. The crusher of claim 7, wherein the counterblade structure (4) is divided into a plurality of portions in the axial direction of the crusher rotor (2).

9. The crusher of claim 1, wherein the counterblade structure (4) is divided into a plurality of portions in an axial direction of the crusher rotor (2).

10. The crusher of claim 9, wherein the yielding structure (9) comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder.

11. The crusher of claim 9, wherein the yielding structure (9) comprises at least one pneumatic or mechanical spring.

12. The crusher of claim 1, wherein the counterblade structure (4) is movable from a first position adjacent to the crusher frame to a second position that is spaced from the crusher frame so as to define an open jaw between the crusher frame and the counterblade structure.

Description

LIST OF FIGURES

(1) The invention will now be described in more detail by means of one preferred exemplary embodiment, with reference to the attached drawings, in which

(2) FIG. 1 shows a crusher of the invention in a normal crushing situation, seen in the axial direction of its crusher rotor;

(3) FIG. 2 shows the crusher of the invention as in FIG. 1, but in a situation where the counterblade structure yields and

(4) FIG. 3 shows the crusher of the invention as in FIGS. 1 and 2, but in yielding and opening situations of both the counterblade structure and the set of screens.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(5) With reference to the drawings, the crusher of the invention for crushing solid material comprises a frame 1; at least one crusher rotor 2 arranged rotatably about an axis A to the frame 1, including crusher blades 3 secured to the circumference thereof and crushing the material; a yielding counterblade structure 4 arranged for cooperation with the crusher blades 3 of the crusher rotor 2; and a yielding, downwardly openable set of screens 5 that is arranged below the crusher rotor 2 at a selected axial distance from the crusher blades 3 of the crusher rotor 2.

(6) The counterblade structure 4 is linked with a pivoting shaft 6 to the frame 7 of the set of screens 5 and made turnable towards it in a yield situation with respect to the pivoting shaft 6, and the set of screens 5, in turn, is linked with a pivoting shaft 8 to the crusher frame 1, on the opposite side of the crusher rotor 2 with respect to the counterblade structure 4 and its pivoting shaft 6 and to be downwardly collapsible about said pivoting shaft 8.

(7) In this exemplary implementation the whole consisting of the set of screens 5 and the counterblade structure 4 is further supported to a common yielding structure 9, the lower end of which yielding structure 9 is supported to the crusher frame 1 and the upper end is supported to the counterblade structure 4 between its free end and pivoting shaft 6 with a pivoting shaft 10 of the yielding structure 9. For instance one or more hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic or mechanical springs may serve as the yielding structure 9. If there are several separate yielding members, such as said hydraulic cylinders, they are located with even spacing in the longitudinal direction of the counterblade structure 4 and the set of screens 5 (in the axial direction of the crusher rotor 2). In that case the counterblade structure 4 itself may also be divided into a plurality of portions in the axial direction of the crusher rotor 2. If so desired, it is naturally possible to arrange separate yielding structures for the counterblade structure 4 and for the set of screens 5, but, in practice, a structure common to both is most preferable and its control is easiest to arrange.

(8) When the crusher is used as shown in FIG. 1, material to be crushed is conveyed, through an open feeding funnel 11 in the upper part of the crusher, between the crusher blades 3 of the crusher rotor 2 and the counterblade structure 4, which together crush and cut the material to be fed into a desired piece size. As shown in FIG. 2, when a hard object 12 (e.g. a large piece of metal) is caught between the crusher blades 3 and the counterblade structure 4 (or a portion thereof), the counterblade structure 4 (or a portion thereof) yields about its pivoting shaft 6 by means of the yielding structure 9 and prevents said cooperating crushing members 3 and 4 from being damaged. In a further situation, as shown in FIG. 3, the set of screens 5 integrated in the counterblade structure 4 may start opening about its pivoting shaft 8, and if necessary, it may be controlled to stop the crusher rotor 2, which enables removal of the foreign object 12 caught between the set of screens 5 and the crusher rotor 2 via an open jaw 13 provided.

(9) The above description of the invention is only intended to illustrate the basic idea of the invention. A person skilled in the art may, however, implement the details of the invention in various ways within the scope of the attached claims.