Double-sided cutting insert for drilling tool

Abstract

A double-sided cutting insert for a drilling tool includes a top side, a bottom side, and at least one side surface interconnecting the top side and the bottom side and forming at least one cutting edge. The top side and the bottom side comprise a different external profile and chip groove geometry and an identical inscribed circle, and each of the top side and the bottom side comprises four indexable cutting edges.

Claims

1. A double-sided cutting insert for a drilling tool, the double sided cutting insert comprising: a top side; a bottom side; and at least one side surface interconnecting the top side and the bottom side and forming at least one cutting edge on each side; wherein each of the top side and the bottom side comprises a different external profile, a different chip groove profile in cross-section, and an identical inscribed circle; and wherein each of the top side and the bottom side comprises four indexable cutting edges.

2. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 1, wherein the external profile and chip groove geometry of the top side and the bottom side fit within a pre-determined shape.

3. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 2, wherein the pre-determined shape is a circle.

4. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 1, wherein on both the top side and the bottom side each of the indexable cutting edges is 90 rotationally symmetrical about a center axis of the cutting insert.

5. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 1, wherein both the top side and the bottom side are based upon a generally square-shaped geometry.

6. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 1, wherein the bottom side is comprised of a cemented carbide.

7. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 1, wherein the top side is comprised of a cemented carbide.

8. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 1, wherein the top side comprises a first cemented carbide, and the bottom side comprises a second and different cemented carbide.

9. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 1, wherein each of the top side and the bottom side comprises a different chip groove width in cross-section.

10. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 1, wherein a portion of the top side external profile overlaps with a portion of the bottom side external profile, and wherein a portion of the top side external profile projects further from the inscribed circle than a portion of the bottom side external profile.

11. A double-sided cutting insert comprising: a top side; and a bottom side; the top side and the bottom side comprising different external profiles, different chip groove profiles in cross-section, and an identical inscribed circle, wherein each of the top side and the bottom side individually comprises at least four identical cutting edges.

12. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 11, wherein the bottom side is comprised of a cemented carbide.

13. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 11, wherein the top side is comprised of a cemented carbide.

14. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 11, wherein the top side comprises a first cemented carbide, and the bottom side comprises a second and different cemented carbide.

15. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 11, wherein the top side and the bottom side comprise different chip groove widths in cross-section.

16. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 11, wherein a portion of the top side external profile overlaps with a portion of the bottom side external profile, and wherein a portion of the top side external profile projects further from the inscribed circle than a portion of the bottom side external profile.

17. A double-sided cutting insert comprising: a top side; and a bottom side; the top side and the bottom side comprising different external profiles, different chip groove profiles in cross-section, different chip groove widths in cross-section, and an identical inscribed circle; wherein each of the top side and the bottom side individually comprises at least four identical cutting edges.

18. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 17, wherein the bottom side is comprised of a cemented carbide.

19. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 17, wherein the top side is comprised of a cemented carbide.

20. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 17, wherein the top side comprises a first cemented carbide, and the bottom side comprises a second and different cemented carbide.

21. The double-sided cutting insert of claim 17, wherein a portion of the top side external profile overlaps with a portion of the bottom side external profile, and wherein a portion of the top side external profile projects further from the inscribed circle than a portion of the bottom side external profile.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The present invention will be more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, wherein:

(2) FIG. 1A is a three-dimensional view of an embodiment of a double-sided cutting insert in accordance with the present invention.

(3) FIG. 1B is a top view of the double-sided cutting insert of FIG. 1A.

(4) FIG. 2A is a top view of an embodiment of a double-sided cutting insert in accordance with the present invention.

(5) FIG. 2B is a bottom view of a double-sided cutting insert in accordance with the present invention.

(6) FIG. 2C is a side view of the double-sided cutting insert shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.

(7) FIG. 2D is a sectioned view of the double-sided cutting insert shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, sectioned along and viewed in the direction of the arrows of line D-D in FIG. 2C.

(8) FIG. 2E is a sectioned view of the double-sided cutting insert shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, sectioned along and viewed in the direction of the arrows of line E-E in FIG. 2C.

(9) FIG. 3A is a top view of an embodiment of a double-sided cutting insert in accordance with the present invention.

(10) FIG. 3B is a sectioned view of the double-sided cutting insert shown in FIG. 3A, sectioned along and viewed in the direction of the arrows of line B-B in FIG. 3A, showing the chip groove geometry on the top and bottom sides.

(11) FIG. 3C is a sectioned view of the double-sided cutting insert shown in FIG. 3A, sectioned along and viewed in the direction of the arrows of line C-C in FIG. 3A, showing the chip groove geometry on the top and bottom sides.

(12) FIG. 3D is a sectioned view of the double-sided cutting insert shown in FIG. 3A, sectioned along and viewed in the direction of the arrows of line D-D in FIG. 3A, showing the chip groove geometry on the top and bottom sides.

(13) FIG. 3E is a sectioned view of the double-sided cutting insert shown in FIG. 3A, sectioned along and viewed in the direction of the arrows of line E-E in FIG. 3A, showing the chip groove geometry on the top and bottom sides.

(14) FIG. 4A is a front elevational view of a drilling tool system, comprising a tool holder having two identical double-sided cutting inserts in accordance with the present invention.

(15) FIG. 4B is an end view of the working end of the drilling tool system of FIG. 4A, comprising a tool holder having two identical double-sided cutting inserts in accordance with the present invention.

(16) FIG. 4C is a side elevational view of the drilling tool system shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, comprising a tool holder having two identical double-sided cutting inserts in accordance with the present invention.

(17) FIG. 5A is a top view of two identical double-sided cutting inserts in a drilling tool system in accordance with the present invention, further illustrating the drilling pattern of the cutting inserts.

(18) FIG. 5B is a sectioned view B-B of a cutting insert shown in FIG. 5A, illustrating a chip geometry of the insert.

(19) FIG. 5C is a sectioned view C-C of a cutting insert shown in FIG. 5A, illustrating a chip geometry of the insert.

(20) FIG. 5D is a sectioned view D-D of a cutting insert shown in FIG. 5A, illustrating a chip geometry of the insert.

(21) FIG. 6A is a top view of two identical double-sided cutting inserts in a drilling tool system in accordance with the present invention, further illustrating the drilling pattern of the cutting inserts.

(22) FIG. 6B is an extracted profile of the drilled hole that would be made by the cutting inserts of FIG. 6A in a drilling tool system in accordance with the present invention.

(23) FIG. 7A is a side elevational view of an embodiment of a double-sided cutting insert in accordance with the present invention.

(24) FIG. 7B is a sectioned elevational side view of the double-sided cutting insert shown in FIG. 7A, taken through the rotational axis and viewed in the direction of arrows G-G, and illustrating the composite construction of the insert.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(25) In the present description of non-limiting embodiments, other than in the operating examples or where otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities or characteristics of ingredients and products, processing conditions, and the like are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term about. Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, any numerical parameters set forth in the following description are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties one seeks to obtain. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Therefore, the following detailed description of certain embodiment(s) is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or its uses.

(26) The double-sided cutting insert of the present invention possesses different external profiles and chip groove geometries within the same inscribed circle for both the top and bottom faces, which also are referred to herein as top and bottom sides. These differences allow the cutting insert to include twice the number of cutting edges relative to conventional inserts used for the same applications. Both the top and bottom faces or sides, individually, comprise four sets of cutting edges that are indexable by rotating the insert 90 degrees about the center hole axis, resulting in a total of eight indexable cutting edges for each cutting insert. This unique geometry not only doubles the number of cutting edges as compared to existing single-sided cutting inserts, but it also improves performance by applying different cutting geometries to different cutting regions along the radial direction. In addition, because of differences between the external profile and chip groove geometries, it is both easier and more cost-effective to manufacture a composite double-sided cutting insert according to the present invention that has a different carbide grade for the top and bottom sides and the same hard metal coating over the entire cutting insert. Thus, double-sided cutting inserts according to the present disclosure may include one or more cemented carbide materials. Examples of suitable cemented carbide materials include, but are not limited to, composites including particles of transition metal carbides, such as tungsten carbide, embedded in a binder. Suitable binders include, but are not limited to, cobalt, nickel, iron, and alloys of these elements. The metal carbide particles are a discontinuous phase embedded within a continuous phase of the binder. Thus, a cemented carbide material's properties are a combination of the hardness and wear resistance of the extremely hard discontinuous phase, along with the toughness of the relatively soft continuous phase.

(27) Additionally, the present invention also allows for easier identification of the top side from the bottom side, as well as preventing the erroneous positioning of the cutting insert in the insert pocket. The different pocket geometry and size for the top and bottom sides on the same cutting insert aid in the prevention of erroneous positioning. Also, erroneous positioning is avoided through the differences between the top and bottom sides' external profiles and chip groove geometries.

(28) The present invention also addresses a problem associated with drilling operations resulting from the variation in cutting speeds along the cutting edge in the radial direction. The unique geometry of double-sided inserts according to the present invention is advantageous to addressing that problem.

(29) Further advantages may be achieved by the combination and selection of the cutting face geometry and the cemented carbide grade material. For example, non-limiting embodiments of a double-sided cutting insert according to the present invention may be achieved by using a composite structure that has a first side or face composed of a relatively tough cemented carbide grade and a second side or face composed of a more wear resistant cemented carbide grade. Toughness may be defined as the ability of a metal to rapidly distribute within itself both the stress and strain caused by a suddenly applied load (e.g., the ability of a material to withstand shock loading). The first side or face may have a cutting geometry including a uniform and free flowing chip breaker configuration design to suit the best machinability of work materials, thus favoring a lower cutting speed. The second side or face may have a cutting geometry different from the first side or face and that is adapted to a faster cutting speed. The cemented carbide grade of the first side or face may be, for example, any of carbide grades P20 to P40 having transverse rupture strength ranging from 1600 to 1950 N/mm.sup.2, grades M20 to M40 having transverse rupture strength ranging from 1900 to 2100 N/mm.sup.2, or grades K20 to K40 having transverse rupture strength ranging from 1950 to 2500 N/mm.sup.2 (transverse rupture strengths according to Machinery's Handbook (26.sup.th ed., Industrial Press, 2000)).

(30) In a drilling tool including multiple indexable cutting inserts, machining performance can be greatly improved by optimizing the combination of cutting geometry, carbide grade, and insert pocket locations on a drilling tool.

(31) For example, during a drilling operation for hole making, the present invention may be adapted to improve drilling performance if a tougher carbide grade is applied to the region of the side or face of the insert that is located close to the drill center. This, for example, increases the shock/impact resistance and also provides better wear resistance.

(32) Additionally, the double-sided insert of the present invention provides a cutting insert manufacturer with a simplified production operation.

(33) Referring now to the figures, FIG. 1A illustrates one non-limiting embodiment of a double-sided cutting insert in accordance with the present invention. A double-sided cutting insert 10 is shown in FIG. 1A. The double-sided cutting insert 10 of FIG. 1A, comprising a top side or face 11 and a bottom side or face 12, has eight cutting edges represented by reference numerals 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d for the top side or face 11, and 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d for the bottom side or face 12. The top side 11 and the bottom side 12 comprise an external profile that is different for each side. The chip groove geometry for the top side 11 and the bottom side 12 also may be different for each side. Additionally, the positioning of the insert pocket locations can optimize the final cutting geometries. The top side 11 of the double-sided cutting insert 10 includes a center hole 15 bored entirely through the double-sided cutting insert 10 (as shown on top side 11), a top peripheral cutting edge 13a, and top chip grooves 17 located between the top peripheral cutting edge 13a and the top edges 18 of the top side 11. A screw may be inserted through center hole 15 of the double-sided cutting insert 10 and into a threaded bore (not shown) on a surface of the cutting insert pocket, thereby retaining the insert in the pocket. The bottom side 12 of the double-sided cutting insert 10 includes a center hole 16 as shown in bottom side 12, a bottom peripheral cutting edge 14d, and bottom chip grooves 19 located between the bottom peripheral cutting edge 14d and the bottom edges 20 of the bottom side 12.

(34) In order to illustrate the present invention, the external profiles of both the top side 11 and the bottom side 12 have been extracted from the double-sided cutting insert 10 of FIG. 1A and have been superimposed in FIG. 1B as a top view. The external profile of the top side 11 is indicated as solid lines in FIG. 1B. The top view illustrates the top side 11 comprising four sets of cutting edges 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d, and is indexable with 90 degrees rotation about the center 32 of the inscribed circle 33. The external profile of the bottom side 12, indicated as long dashed lines in FIG. 1B, comprises four sets of cutting edges 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d, and is indexable with 90 degrees rotation about the center axis 32 of the same inscribed circle 33. To be clear, while the inscribed circle 33 may be etched onto the top side 11 shown in FIG. 1B, the inscribed circle 33 is an imaginary circle. The inscribed circle is a tool used to define the diameter or radius of the top or bottom face of a cutting insert and is a conventional way of characterizing the size of the insert. In this illustration of a double-sided cutting insert in accordance with the present invention, there are eight sets of usable cutting edges per double-sided cutting insert 10, represented by numerals 30a-d and 31a-d. Top side 11 and bottom side 12 are defined by the same inscribed circle 33. The number of cutting edges and chip grooves may vary in a given double-sided insert, yet are still within the scope of the present invention.

(35) FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, and 2E further illustrate a double-sided cutting insert 41 in accordance with the present invention having an inscribed circle 42, 43, 45, 46. FIG. 2A is a top view, FIG. 2B is a bottom view, and FIG. 2C is a side view of the cutting insert 41. The inscribed circle 42 shown in FIG. 2A is the largest circle that can be fully inscribed into the external profile of the top side of the double-sided cutting insert 41 and has the same diameter or radius of the circle in inches or SI units as the inscribed circle 43 shown in FIG. 2B, which is the largest circle that can be inscribed into the external profile of the bottom side of the double-sided cutting insert 41. As seen in FIG. 2C, two parallel lines 44 representing the inscribed circle extend all the way from the top side 47 to the bottom side 48 of the double-sided cutting insert 41. Furthermore, two sectioned views taken from D-D and E-E in FIG. 2C are shown in FIG. 2D and FIG. 2E, respectively, where both the inscribed circles 45 and 46 have the same diameter as inscribed circles 42 and 43 in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, and FIG. 2C.

(36) FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E illustrate differences between the chip groove geometry on the top and bottom sides of the double-sided cutting insert 51. Four sectioned views, B-B in FIG. 3B, C-C in FIG. 3C, D-D in FIG. 3D and E-E in FIG. 3E, illustrate the chip groove profile of the double-sided cutting insert 51 in FIG. 3A. As shown in FIGS. 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E, the chip groove geometries 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 differ in terms of groove profile and groove width (in millimeters as shown) from section to section.

(37) FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C schematically depict a drilling tool system comprising a tool holder 61 comprising two identical double-sided cutting inserts 62 and 63, wherein each tool insert is constructed in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 4A is a front view of a drilling tool system comprising a tool holder including two identical double-sided cutting inserts in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 4B is an end view of the working end of a drilling tool system comprising a tool holder including two identical double-sided cutting inserts in accordance with the present invention. As seen in FIG. 4A, the cutting insert 62 is positioned with its cutting edge passing through the center axis 66 of the tool holder 61, and the cutting edge 64 on the top side 67 is an engaging cutting edge. As used herein, an engaging cutting edge is the cutting edge that is positioned in the cutting insert pocket to contact or engage the workpiece when the tool is used. Because the insert is indexable, the insert could be removed (by removing a retention screw or the like) and then rotated in the insert pocket and re-secured, thereby positioning a new cutting edge so that it will contact the workpiece when the tool is used. The cutting insert 63 positioned at the periphery of the tool holder 61 and the cutting edge 65 on the bottom side 68 is an engaging cutting edge. In drilling operations, the cutting insert 62 is also referred to as the center drill insert and the cutting insert 63 is referred to as the peripheral drill insert.

(38) FIG. 5A further illustrates the working of two double-sided cutting inserts, 71 and 72, in a drilling tool system. In FIG. 5A, the double-sided cutting inserts 71 and 72 are identical. The two identical cutting inserts 71 and 72 are positioned as illustrated in FIG. 4A, but the tool holder 61 (not shown) is removed in this view. As shown in FIG. 5A, the cutting insert 71 is positioned as a center drill insert, with its top side cutting edge 74 positioned as an engaging cutting edge, and cutting insert 71 rotates about the tool holder center axis 73 during the drilling operation and creates the cutting passage 78 as indicated by dashed lines. The same principle applies to the cutting insert 72, which is positioned as a peripheral drill insert, and which creates the cutting passage 77 by its bottom side cutting edge 75 after rotating about the tool holder center axis 73.

(39) As shown in FIG. 5A, the drilling diameter, indicated as DD, which is the diameter of the hole produced, is measured from point P3 to point P4 in FIG. 5A, which are the two outermost points for the diameter. The drill profiles formed by the center drill insert 71 are from point P1 to point P0 and then from point P0 to point P2 as measured by A2 in FIG. 5A. The drill profiles formed by the peripheral drill insert 72 are from point P4 to point P1 and then from point P2 to point P3 as measured by A1 and A3, respectively, in FIG. 5A. Furthermore, three sectioned views, i.e., B-B, C-C and D-D, as shown in FIGS. 5B, 5C, and 5D, demonstrate that different chip groove geometries are applied at different locations along the peripheral cutting edge to generate different positive cutting actions between point P3 and point P4 in FIG. 5A. As can be seen, there are distinct differences among the three sectioned views, which are provided as representative examples.

(40) For example, it is shown in FIGS. 5B, 5C, and 5D, for the three sectioned views, that the cutting edge angle formed by the edges 83 and 84 in section C-C is the largest (83 degrees), the cutting edge angle formed by the edges 85 and 86 in section D-D is the smallest (64 degrees), and the cutting edge angle formed by the edges 81 and 82 in section B-B (74 degrees) is smaller than that of C-C but remains larger than that of D-D. This is primarily because the cutting speed varies from its maximum at the periphery at point P3 (or P4, depending on the insert) to its minimum at the center at point P0 in FIG. 5A, where the drilling tool suffers its biggest impact force during a drilling process. Therefore, at the periphery more positive cutting action with smaller cutting edge angle is provided in order to better adapt to the higher cutting speed; while at the center, a stronger geometry that has been reinforced by a larger cutting edge angle is provided to better withstand the higher impact force encountered during drilling operations.

(41) FIGS. 5B, 5C, and 5D also show that the empty space formed by the chip groove edges 85 and 95 and the dashed lines 96 in section D-D for the peripheral drill insert 72 is smaller than that for the center drill insert 71 as formed by chip groove edges 81 and 91 and the dashed lines 92 in section B-B, and by chip groove edges 83 and 93 and the dashed lines 94 in section C-C. This difference is a result of it being more difficult to evacuate drilling chips produced at the center than at the periphery of the hole during drilling operations. Therefore, a larger empty space above the chip groove is needed for the center drill insert 71 than for the peripheral drill insert 72 in order to effectively evacuate the chips produced and in order to prevent those chips from becoming jammed between the drilling tool holder and the hole being drilled.

(42) FIGS. 6A and 6B show that the bottom profile of the hole 101 within a workpiece 102 is uniquely formed by the two identical double-sided cutting inserts 71 and 72 shown in FIG. 5A. FIG. 6A demonstrates how the profile is formed. FIG. 6B shows an extracted profile of the hole 101 for clarification purposes. Due to the unique shape of embodiments of the double-sided insert of the present invention (i.e., its rugged and non-tangent profile), drilling with the double-sided insert aids in breaking chips into more numerous and smaller segments.

(43) FIGS. 7A and 7B depict a non-limiting embodiment of a double-sided cutting insert 110 in accordance with the present invention constructed as a composite cemented carbide cutting insert. The double-sided cutting insert 110 comprises either two different cemented carbide materials 113 and 114 or the same cemented carbide material but with different cemented carbide grades 113 and 114, being separated by the line 111. Since the top portion 115 of the cutting insert 110 functions as a center drill insert, a cemented carbide material or grade possessing greater impact resistance may be used in that portion. Since the bottom portion 116 of the cutting insert 110 functions as a periphery drill insert, a cemented carbide material or grade having a greater wear resistance may be used in that portion.

(44) FIG. 7A illustrates a side view of a non-limiting embodiment of a double-sided cutting insert in accordance with the present invention, and FIG. 7B shows a sectioned view G-G through the center hole axis 112 illustrating the cutting insert's composite construction comprising two different cemented carbide materials.

(45) Due to the different external profiles between the top side 115 and the bottom side 116 of the composite double-sided cutting insert 110, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, it is easier to identify the top side from the bottom side due to their distinct geometries and shapes. Typical manufacturing processes for making composite double-sided inserts include pressing two different carbide materials in a mold, followed by sintering and grinding the pressed insert, and a subsequent coating step that provides a hard metal coating over the cutting insert. The hard metal coating is an extremely thin (optimally in the range of microns) coating of a metallic alloy that is applied in order to improve wear resistance. There are two common techniques for applying a hard metal coating. One technique is physical vapor deposition (PVD), and another is chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Typical PVD coatings include TiN, TiAlN, TiCN, TiAlN+C, and typical CVD coatings include TiN, TiCN, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, TiNHfCN-Tin, TiNTiCNTiN. The cutting insert shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B provides improved machining performance through an optimized combination of cutting geometry and cemented carbide grade on different sides of the identical double-sided cutting insert.

(46) The double-sided cutting inserts of the present invention preferably comprise eight cutting edges and have different external profiles and chip groove geometries between top and bottom sides. Such inserts may be adapted for hole making applications. These adaptations may be designed with a wide range of geometric features. The double-sided cutting inserts described herein may or may not be of conventional size and are capable of being adapted for conventional use in a variety of drilling applications.

(47) Additionally, including different external profiles and chip groove geometries on top and bottom faces of certain embodiments of double-sided cutting inserts according to the present invention can provide an optimized combination of profile, geometry, and cemented carbide grade for each side, resulting in a considerable improvement in cutting performance. This is a significant improvement over existing double-sided cutting inserts that have an identical top and bottom face.

(48) Embodiments of the double-sided cutting insert provided in this invention also provide significant cost reduction. Significant benefits in terms of improved machining performance can be achieved by a composite construction through the optimized combination of cutting geometry and cemented carbide grade on different faces of the cutting insert to adapt to different cutting actions in hole drilling.

(49) It will be understood that the present description illustrates those aspects of the invention relevant to a clear understanding of the invention. Certain aspects that would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art and that, therefore, would not facilitate a better understanding of the invention, have not been presented in order to simplify the present description. Although only a limited number of embodiments of the present invention are necessarily described herein, one of ordinary skill in the art will, upon considering the foregoing description, recognize that many modifications and variations of the invention may be employed. All such variations and modifications of the invention are intended to be covered by the foregoing description and the following claims.

(50) It will therefore be readily understood by those persons skilled in the art that the present invention is susceptible of broad utility and application. Many embodiments and adaptations of the present invention other than those herein described, as well as many variations, modifications and equivalent arrangements, will be apparent from or reasonably suggested by the present invention and the foregoing description thereof, without departing from the substance or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, while the present invention has been described herein in detail in relation to its preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that this disclosure is only illustrative and exemplary of the present invention and is made merely for purposes of providing a full and enabling disclosure of the invention. This disclosure is not intended or to be construed to limit the present invention or otherwise to exclude any such other embodiments, adaptations, variations, modifications and equivalent arrangements.