Portable collaborative exercise device
09586074 ยท 2017-03-07
Inventors
Cpc classification
A63B21/28
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B23/0355
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B21/00043
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B21/00178
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B23/02
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B21/00065
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B2210/50
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B21/00185
HUMAN NECESSITIES
International classification
A63B23/035
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B23/02
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B21/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
Abstract
An exercise device that is simultaneously mutually beneficial for exercising partners with one exercising by providing a continuously changing resistance and resistance-vector while simultaneously the other exercising by providing a continuously adapting (or altering) counteracting force and counteracting force-vector to the continuously changing resistance and resistance vector. In addition, the portable collaborative exercise device in accordance with one or more embodiments enables correct application of resistance between symmetrical set of muscles with unbalanced strengths, and enables immediate ceasing of an exercise routine if the resistance is incorrectly applied.
Claims
1. An exercise device, comprising: at least a first resistance module that is lengthwise adjustable and is comprised of a generally inelastic first strap; the first resistance module includes a first non-stationary, movable anchor mechanism comprised of a first longitudinally extending stitched loop of the first strap adapted to be associated with at least one upper extremity of a first user to independently control and continuously change resistance and resistance-vector during exercise; the first longitudinally extending stitched loop includes a middle loop strap that has a stitched cushion member for added comfort; a first distal end and a second distal end of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop pass through a first opening of a hollow handle member and egress a second opening of the hollow handle member, enabling the hollow handle member to be longitudinally mounted and moveably secured to the first strap; the first distal end and the second distal end of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop are stitched together at a first stitching and a second stitching, outside of and past the second opening of the hollow handle member; the first resistance module further includes a first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop, that is located between the first stitching and the second stitching; at least a first strengthening module that is detachably coupled with the first resistance module; the first strengthening module is comprised of a generally inelastic second strap; the first strengthening module includes a second non-stationary, movable anchor mechanism comprised of a second longitudinally extending stitched loop of the second strap adapted to be associated with a second user to independently control and continuously adaptively respond with counteracting force and counteracting-vector force to the independently controlled and continuously changing resistance and resistance vector during exercise; the first strengthening module further includes a second transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop, located between the second longitudinally extending stitched loop and a distal end transversally oriented stitched loop; a detachable stabilizer that stabilizes motion of the first resistance module and the first strengthening module during exercise when: either the first resistance module detachably couples with a second resistance module by the detachable stabilizer via the first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop of the first resistance module and the second resistance module; or the first strengthening module detachably couples with a second strengthening module by the detachable stabilizer via the second transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop of the first strengthening module and the second strengthening module; with a maximum range of resistance for the exercise device defined by body weights and body strengths of first and second users as a result of one of an application of the resistance and a responding application of the counteracting force to the resistance.
2. The exercise device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the resistance module is comprised of a control member and an adjusting member.
3. The exercise device as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the control member includes a first end comprised of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop for a firm grip for independent, controlled application of resistance and resistance-vector; and a second end comprised of a first transversally oriented stitched loop of the first strap for coupling with the adjusting member.
4. The exercise device as set forth in claim 3, wherein: a buckle with a first end is connected to the first transversally oriented stitched loop of the control member of the resistance module, with a second end of the buckle receiving a free, adjusting end of the adjusting member, the free adjusting end looping through the buckle to form a second transversally oriented stitched loop, with the free, adjusting end passing through a first elastic sleeve and connected via a stitching to one interior lateral wall of a second elastic sleeve, with an opposing interior wall free.
5. The exercise device as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the second elastic sleeve moves longitudinally along a length of the adjusting member to increase or decrease the length of the adjusting member, and the first elastic sleeve moves longitudinally along the length of the adjusting member to appropriately tuck-in any excess slacked portion of the adjusting member.
6. The exercise device as set forth in claim 2, wherein: a second distal end of the adjusting member of the resistance module is comprised of a third transversally oriented stitched loop, which is connected to an interlock mechanism.
7. The exercise device as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the control member of the resistance module includes the first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop to detachably couple with a second control member of the second resistance module by the stabilizer.
8. The exercise device as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the adjusting member includes marking for relevant adjustment in length of the one or more resistance modules.
9. The exercise device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the strengthening module includes: an elastic sleeve that is connected by stitching at one side, forming a free sleeve at an opposing side for receiving excess strap slack; and a slidably moving ergonomic handle.
10. The exercise device as set forth in claim 1, further including: an ankle support that detachably couples with the at least a first resistance module.
11. The exercise device as set forth in claim 10, wherein: the ankle support includes: a first and second attachment mechanisms that hook onto a respective first and second interlocking mechanisms of the resistance module.
12. The exercise device as set forth in claim 11, wherein: the ankle support further includes: an adjusting mechanism that enables adjusting the ankle support for use with different size feet.
13. The exercise device as set forth in claim 11, wherein: the ankle support further includes: a cushion support connected to a mid section of a back support.
14. The exercise device as set forth in claim 1, further including: a portable, foldable, compact carrying case that includes net pockets for storage of the exercise device.
15. An exercise device, comprising: at least a first resistance module that is lengthwise adjustable and is comprised of a generally inelastic first strap; the first resistance module includes a first non-stationary, movable anchor mechanism comprised of a first longitudinally extending stitched loop of the first strap adapted to be associated with at least one upper extremity of a first user to independently control and continuously change resistance and resistance-vector during exercise; the first longitudinally extending stitched loop includes a middle loop strap that has a stitched cushion member for added comfort; a first distal end and a second distal end of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop pass through a first opening of a hollow handle member and egress a second opening of the hollow handle member, enabling the hollow handle member to be longitudinally mounted and moveably secured to the first strap; the first distal end and the second distal end of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop are stitched together at a first stitching and a second stitching, outside of and past the second opening of the hollow handle member; the first resistance module further includes a first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop, that is located between the first stitching and the second stitching; at least a first strengthening module that is detachably coupled with the first resistance module; the first strengthening module is comprised of a generally inelastic second strap; the first strengthening module includes a second non-stationary, movable anchor mechanism comprised of a second longitudinally extending stitched loop of the second strap adapted to be associated with a second user to independently control and continuously adaptively respond with counteracting force and counteracting-vector force to the independently controlled and continuously changing resistance and resistance vector during exercise; the first strengthening module further includes a second transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop, located between the second longitudinally extending stitched loop and a distal end transversally oriented stitched loop; a detachable stabilizer that stabilizes motion of the first resistance module and the first strengthening module during exercise when: either the first resistance module detachably couples with a second resistance module by the detachable stabilizer via the first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop of the first resistance module and the second resistance module; or the first strengthening module detachably couples with a second strengthening module by the detachable stabilizer via the second transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop of the first strengthening module and the second strengthening module; with a maximum range of resistance for the exercise device defined by body weights and body strengths of first and second users as a result of one of an application of the resistance and a responding application of the counteracting force to the resistance; and wherein independent application of resistance and resistance-vector are adaptively changed in response to unbalanced counteracting force and counteracting force-vector of a symmetrical set of muscles.
16. An exercise device, comprising: a resistance module that is lengthwise adjustable and is comprised of a generally inelastic first strap; the resistance module includes a control member and an adjusting member; the control member includes: a first non-stationary, movable anchor mechanism, comprising: a first longitudinally extending stitched loop of the first strap at a first end of the control member adapted to be associated with at least one upper extremity of a first user to independently control and continuously change resistance and resistance-vector during exercise; the first longitudinally extending stitched loop includes a middle loop strap that has a stitched cushion member for added comfort; a first distal end and a second distal end of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop pass through a first opening of a hollow handle member and egress a second opening of the hollow handle member, enabling the hollow handle member to be longitudinally mounted and moveably secured to the first strap; the first distal end and the second distal end of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop are stitched together at a first stitching and a second stitching, outside of and past the second opening of the hollow handle member; a second end of the control member includes a first transversally oriented stitched loop for coupling with the adjusting member via a buckle; and a first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop that is located between the first stitching and the second stitching; the adjusting member includes: the buckle that is used to adjust a length of the adjusting member to thereby vary an overall length of the resistance module; the buckle has a first end connected to the first transversally oriented stitched loop of the control member, with a second end of the buckle receiving a free, adjusting end of the adjusting member, looping through the buckle to form a second transversally oriented loop of the adjusting member; a first elastic sleeve through which the free adjusting end of the adjusting member is passed and stitched to an interior lateral wall of a moveable second elastic sleeve which when moved longitudinally along the length of the adjusting member, varies the overall length of the resistance module; a second distal end of the adjusting member of the resistance module is comprised of a third transversally oriented stitched loop, which is connected to an interlocking mechanism; and a strengthening module that is comprised of a generally inelastic second strap detachably coupled with the interlocking mechanism of the resistance module through a distal end transversally oriented stitched loop of the strengthening module; the strengthening module includes a second non-stationary, movable anchor mechanism comprised of a second longitudinally extending stitched loop of the second strap adapted to be associated with an upper extremity of a second user to independently control and continuously adaptively respond with counteracting force and counteracting-vector force to the independently controlled and continuously changing resistance and resistance vector during exercise; the second non-stationary, movable anchor mechanism further includes a slidably moving ergonomic handle that slides over the second longitudinally extending stitched loop of the second strap; the strengthening module further includes a second transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop, located between the second longitudinally extending stitched loop and the distal end transversally oriented stitched loop; and a detachable stabilizer that stabilizes motion of the resistance module and the strengthening modules during exercise when: either the resistance module is detachably coupled with a second resistance module by the detachable stabilizer via the first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop of the resistance module and the second resistance module; or the strengthening module is detachably coupled with a second strengthening module by the detachable stabilizer via the second transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop of the strengthening module and the second strengthening module; with a maximum range of resistance for the exercise device defined by body weights and body strengths of first and second users as a result of one of an application of the resistance and a responding application of the counteracting force to the resistance.
17. An exercise device, comprising: a resistance module that is lengthwise adjustable and is comprised of a generally inelastic first strap; the resistance module includes a control member and an adjusting member; the control member includes: a first non-stationary, movable anchor mechanism, comprising: a first longitudinally extending stitched loop of the first strap at a first end of the control member adapted to be associated with at least one upper extremity of a first user to independently control and continuously change resistance and resistance-vector during exercise; the first longitudinally extending stitched loop includes a middle loop strap that has a stitched cushion member for added comfort; a first distal end and a second distal end of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop pass through a first opening of a hollow handle member and egress a second opening of the hollow handle member, enabling the hollow handle member to be longitudinally mounted and moveably secured to the first strap; the first distal end and the second distal end of the first longitudinally extending stitched loop are stitched together at a first stitching and a second stitching, outside of and past the handle member; a second end of the control member includes a first transversally oriented stitched loop for coupling with the adjusting member via a buckle; and a first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop that is located between the first stitching and the second stitching; the adjusting member includes: the buckle that is used to adjust a length of the adjusting member to thereby vary an overall length of the resistance module; the buckle has a first end connected to the first transversally oriented stitched loop of the control member, with a second end of the buckle receiving a free, adjusting end of the adjusting member, looping through the buckle to form a second transversally oriented loop of the adjusting member; a first elastic sleeve through which the free adjusting end of the adjusting member is passed and stitched to an interior lateral wall of a moveable second elastic sleeve which when moved longitudinally along the length of the adjusting member, varies the overall length of the resistance module; a second distal end of the adjusting member of the resistance module is comprised of a third transversally oriented stitched loop, which is connected to an interlocking mechanism; and a strengthening module in a form of an ankle support that detachably couples with the interlocking mechanism of the resistance module; the ankle support includes: an adjustment mechanism that enables adjusting size of the ankle support and a cushion support connected to a mid section of a back support.
18. The exercise device as set forth in claim 17, further including: a detachable stabilizer that stabilizes motion of the resistance module and the ankle support during exercise when the resistance module is detachably coupled with a second resistance module by the detachable stabilizer via the first transversally oriented, laterally positioned stitched loop of the resistance module and the second resistance module.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) It is to be understood that the drawings are to be used for the purposes of exemplary illustration only and not as a definition of the limits of the invention. Throughout the disclosure, the word exemplary may be used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration, but the absence of the term exemplary does not denote a limiting embodiment. Any embodiment described as exemplary is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. In the drawings, like reference character(s) present corresponding part(s) throughout.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(10) The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of presently preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to represent the only forms in which the present invention may be constructed and or utilized.
(11) In the description given below, when it is necessary to distinguish the various members, elements, sections/portions, components, or any other aspects (functional or otherwise) or features of a device or devices from each other, the description will follow reference numbers with a small alphabet character such as (for example) resistance module 102a, 102b, etc. If the description is common to all of the various members, elements, sections/portions, components, or any other aspects (functional or otherwise) or features of a device or devices such as (for example) to all resistance modules 102a, 102b, etc., then they are simply referred to with reference number only and with no alphabet character such as (for example) resistance module 102. The present invention defines a vector as a quantity having direction as well as magnitude.
(12) One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a portable, collaborative exercise device that enables participation of an exercising partner, does not limit the maximum resistance to the body weight of the exercising individual, and allows for full exercise routine for both the upper and lower body.
(13) The portable, collaborative exercise device in accordance with one or more embodiments disclosed is simultaneously mutually beneficial for exercising partners with one exercising by providing a continuously changing resistance and resistance-vector while simultaneously the other exercising by providing a continuously adapting (or altering) counteracting force and counteracting force-vector to the continuously changing resistance and resistance vector. In addition, the portable collaborative exercise device in accordance with one or more embodiments enables correct application of resistance between symmetrical set of muscles with unbalanced strengths, and enables immediate ceasing of an exercise routine if the resistance is incorrectly applied.
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(16) The longitudinally extending loop 238 of the control member 201 includes a middle loop strap 206 that is cushioned using (for example) a neoprene padding stitched thereon for added comfort for use. The strap 208 includes the free ends of the loop 238 that pass through a conventional handle 202 and are stitched together at first stitching 228 (with an intervening, transversally oriented, laterally positioned loop 210, which is detailed below). The handle 202 is ergonomic with a substantially cylindrical through-hole that enables the passage of the free loop ends of the strap section 208.
(17) As further illustrated in
(18) The buckle 214 has a first end connected to the transversally oriented loop 212 of control member 201, with a second end of the buckle 214 for receiving a free, adjusting end of the adjusting member strap 218, looping through the buckle 214 to form a transversally oriented loop 216. The free, adjusting end of the adjusting member strap 218 is passed through a first elastic sleeve 224 and connected via a stitching to one interior lateral wall of a second elastic sleeve 226 (with the opposing interior wall of the second elastic sleeve 226 free). Therefore, as the second elastic sleeve 226 (with the connected free end of the adjusting member strap 218) is moved towards or away from the buckle 214, the length of the adjusting member strap 218 shortens or lengthens. That is, the second elastic sleeve 226 may be moved longitudinally along the length of the adjusting member 203 to any position (including marking 207) to increase or decrease the adjusting member length (with excess strap passing through the loop 216). It should be noted that the first elastic sleeve 224 may also be moved longitudinally along the length of the adjusting member 203 to appropriately tuck-in any excess slacking portion of the adjusting member strap 218. A second distal end 209 of the adjusting member 203 of the resistance module 102 is comprised of a transversally oriented stitched loop 220, which is connected to an end interlocking mechanism 222, a non-limiting example of which may include carabineer.
(19) As best illustrated in
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(22) As mentioned above, the exercise device of the present invention provides for a full upper and lower body workout and hence, it includes an ankle support that may be used for lower body workouts.
(23) As further illustrated, the ankle support 106 further includes an adjusting mechanisms 508/512 (e.g., such as Velcro belts) that enable adjusting the ankle support 106 for different size feet with any extra slack from the adjustment mechanism 508/512 tucked into the attachment mechanism 514 as illustrated. The ankle support 106 further provides a cushion support 504 connected to a mid portion of a back support 502. The heel of the foot is inserted through the opening 516, with the front portion of the foot (including the toes passing through the opening 518), with the bottom of the foot supported by the foot support 510.
(24) As further mentioned above, the exercise device of the present invention provides a portable and compact storage and carrying case.
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(27) As apparent from
(28) As further illustrated, the independent application of resistance and resistance-vector by individual R may adaptively change in response to any potential unbalanced counteracting force and counteracting force-vector of a symmetrical set of muscles of the individual CF. That is, the individual R may stop, increase, or decrease, and or change the angle, orientation, or direction of resistance and resistance-vector based on the felt response (feedback) from any potential unbalanced counteracting force and counteracting force-vector from the individual CF.
(29) As illustrated in
(30) As a specific example,
(31) In this exercise routine, the individual R firmly holds the control members 201a and 201b of the resistance module 102a and 102b as described above while the individual CF inserts his or her left and right arms within the loops 308a/b of the strap 302a/b of the strengthening modules 104a and 104b. It should be noted that for this exercise routing, the individual CF has moved the handle grips 202c/d to a section of the strap 302a/b for comfort since handles 202c/d are not used for this particular exercise routine.
(32) With the exercise routing shown in
(33) With the present invention, the individual R may easily provide an adaptive response in terms of resistance and resistance vector to compensate for unbalanced strengths between symmetrical muscle groups (e.g., right-side shoulders/legs verses the left side shoulder/legs muscle groups of the exercising individual CF for the same, identical exercise routine). Hence, if for example, the individual R experiences that the individual CF is constantly tilting (or twisting) the right shoulder to the left and pushing more with the right or left leg to move from the horizontal to the illustrated vertical position, then the individual R may pull stronger on right or left resistance module 102a or 102b to compensate for the unbalanced right-left side strengths of the individual CF. In other words, the individual R may allow the right side of the individual CF to actually experience more resistance to eventually equalize the right-left side strengths of the individual CF through exercise. It should be noted that the use of the illustrated stabilizer 108 associated with one of the strengthening modules 104a and 104b and that of the resistance modules 102a and 102b is optional for this and all other exercise routines, but preferred.
(34) With the exercise device 100 of the present invention, the resistance and resistance-vectors may be varied to maximize concentric, eccentric, and isometric contractions of the muscle during muscle's full range of motion while exercising. In other words, the exercise device 100 may be used to isolate muscle contractions in terms of concentric, eccentric, and isometric contractions, with application of varying resistances and resistance vectors for the full range of motion of the muscle. In the non-limiting exemplary exercise routine that is shown in
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(36) As with other exercise routines, in these exercise routines, the individual R firmly holds the control member 201 of the resistance module 102 as described above while the individual CF firmly grips the handles 202c of the strengthening modules 104. With the exercise routing shown in
(37) With the present invention, the individual R may easily provide an adaptive response in terms of resistance and resistance vector to compensate for unbalanced strengths between symmetrical muscle groups (e.g., right-side arms/shoulders verses the left side arms/shoulder muscle groups of the exercising individual CF for the same, identical exercise routine). Hence, if for example, the individual R experiences that the individual CF has a weaker pull with the right arm/shoulder, then the individual R may balance and adapt the resistance and resistance vector to compensate for the unbalanced or weaker right arm/shoulder to maximize the muscular response of the individual CF. In other words, the individual R may allow both sides of the individual CF to work independently at the same level of resistance and resistance vector comparatively to their own potential to eventually increase strength and equalize the right-left side strengths of the individual CF through exercise.
(38) In the non-limiting exemplary exercise routine that is shown in
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(40) With the exercise routing shown in
(41) With the present invention, the individual R may easily provide an adaptive response in terms of resistance and resistance vector to compensate for unbalanced strengths between symmetrical muscle groups (e.g., right-side arm/back muscles verses the left side arm/back muscle groups of the exercising individual CF for the same, identical exercise routine). Hence, if for example, the individual R experiences that the individual CF is constantly pulling stronger with the right arm, then the individual R may balance and adapt the resistance and resistance vector on both resistance module 102a and 102b for the muscles to compensate and naturally adapt for best muscular response of the individual CF. In other words, the individual R may allow both sides to work independently at the same level of resistance and resistance vector comparatively to their own potential to eventually equalize the right-left side strengths of the individual CF through exercise.
(42) In the non-limiting exemplary exercise routine that is shown in
(43) As a specific example,
(44) In this exercise routine, the individual R firmly holds the control member 201 of the resistance module 102 as described above while the individual CF inserts and wears the ankle support 106 as illustrated. With the exercise routing shown in
(45) With the present invention, the individual R may easily provide an adaptive response in terms of resistance and resistance vector to compensate for unbalanced strengths between symmetrical muscle groups (e.g., right leg verses the left leg muscle groups of the exercising individual CF for the same, identical exercise routine). Hence, if for example, the individual R experiences that the individual CF is stronger with the right leg, then the individual R may balance and adapt the resistance and resistance vector to compensate for the unbalanced right-left side strengths of the individual CF. In other words, the individual R may both sides to work independently at the same level of resistance and resistance vector comparatively to their own potential to eventually equalize the right-left side strengths of the individual CF through exercise.
(46) In the non-limiting exemplary exercise routine that is shown in
(47) As a specific example,
(48) In these exercise routine, the individual R firmly holds the control members 201a and 201b of the resistance module 102a and 102b as described above (seating or standing) while the individual CF secures his or her foot/ankle within ankle support 106. With the exercise routines shown in
(49) With the present invention, the individual R may easily provide an adaptive response in terms of resistance and resistance vector to compensate for unbalanced strengths between symmetrical muscle groups (e.g., right knee/leg verses the left knee/leg muscle groups of the exercising individual CF for the same, identical exercise routine). Hence, if for example, the individual R experiences that the individual CF has a weaker pull for the left knee/leg, then the individual R may balance and adapt the resistance and resistance vector using resistance module 102a and 102b to exercise and improve the left knee/leg strength to compensate for the unbalanced right-left side strengths of the individual CF. It should be noted that the use of the illustrated stabilizer 108 associated with one of the strengthening modules 104a and 104b and that of the resistance modules 102a and 102b is strongly preferred for these particular routines.
(50) In the non-limiting exemplary exercise routines that is shown in
(51) It should be noted that if there is a large discrepancy between working partners in terms of their weight and strength, the stronger partner exercising may workout the same routine with only single hand or leg rather than both legs or hands. Further, for certain routines, when using the present invention, when the exercising muscles of the person (e.g., individual CF) is experiencing concentric contractions, their partner's (e.g., the individual R) muscles may experience eccentric contractions, which provides simultaneous work out for both participants.
(52) Although the invention has been described in considerable detail in language specific to structural features and or method acts, it is to be understood that the invention defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described. Rather, the specific features and acts are disclosed as exemplary preferred forms of implementing the claimed invention. Stated otherwise, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein, as well as the abstract, are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. Therefore, while exemplary illustrative embodiments of the invention have been described, numerous variations and alternative embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art. Such variations and alternate embodiments are contemplated, and can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
(53) It should further be noted that throughout the entire disclosure, the labels such as left, right, front, back, top, bottom, forward, reverse, clockwise, counter clockwise, up, down, or other similar terms such as upper, lower, aft, fore, vertical, horizontal, oblique, proximal, distal, parallel, perpendicular, transverse, longitudinal, etc. have been used for convenience purposes only and are not intended to imply any particular fixed direction or orientation. Instead, they are used to reflect relative locations and/or directions/orientations between various portions of an object.
(54) In addition, reference to first, second, third, and etc. members throughout the disclosure (and in particular, claims) is not used to show a serial or numerical limitation but instead is used to distinguish or identify the various members of the group.
(55) In addition, any element in a claim that does not explicitly state means for performing a specified function, or step for performing a specific function, is not to be interpreted as a means or step clause as specified in 35 U.S.C. Section 112, Paragraph 6. In particular, the use of step of, act of, operation of, or operational act of in the claims herein is not intended to invoke the provisions of 35 U.S.C. 112, Paragraph 6.