Headlamp for vehicles

Abstract

A headlamp for vehicles is provided with a light source unit containing numerous light sources, and with a hologram unit containing numerous hologram segments for generating a predefined light distribution. Each of the hologram segments has at least one dedicated light source. The hologram segments are reflection hologram segments behind the respective dedicated light sources in the direction light is emitted by the headlamp, which light from the light sources strikes them at an acute angle and is reflected in the light emission direction in accordance with the holographic diffraction information stored in the respective reflection hologram segments.

Claims

1. A headlamp for vehicles, the headlamp comprising: a light source unit containing one or more light sources; and a hologram unit containing one or more hologram segments for generating a predefined light distribution, wherein each of the hologram segments has at least two dedicated light sources, the light sources oriented at different angles to the surface of the associated hologram segment, wherein each hologram segment is a reflection hologram segment behind its respective dedicated light source in a direction light is emitted from the headlamp, which light from the light sources strikes the hologram segment at an acute angle and is reflected in the light emission direction in accordance with holographic diffraction information stored in the respective reflection hologram segments, wherein the reflection hologram segments and the respective light sources dedicated thereto form a hologram module for generating a low beam light distribution and/or a high beam light distribution, wherein different diffraction information for generating different light distributions is stored in each of the reflection hologram segments, wherein the light sources for the hologram module are all on the same substrate, and wherein: a light source in the middle emits yellow light, such that light for generating a turn signal is reflected by the reflection hologram segment, and a light source on the left and a light source on the right emit white light, such that light for generating a low beam light distribution is reflected by the same reflection hologram segment, or the light source in the middle emits white light, such that light for generating the low beam light distribution is reflected by the reflection hologram segment, and the light source on the left emits yellow light, such that light for generating a turn signal is reflected by the reflection hologram segment, and the light source on the right emits blue or green light, such that light for generating a welcome/farewell light function is reflected by the reflection hologram segment.

2. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the reflection hologram segments form a row in a direction of extension (ER), wherein at least some of the reflection hologram segments are at an angle to one another.

3. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the reflection hologram segments are arranged in a convex and/or concave shape along a direction of extension (ER).

4. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein a first hologram module generates a first partial light distribution and a second hologram module generates a second partial light distribution, such that the predefined light distribution is generated by superimposing the first partial light distribution and the second partial light distribution.

5. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the hologram module forms an individual hologram module with a single reflection hologram segment and a single dedicated light source, and the individual hologram module is placed such that it corresponds to an edge of a headlamp housing.

6. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the light sources are placed in a plane of extension (EL) that is perpendicular to the reflection hologram segments, and extends beyond an edge of the reflection hologram segments to which they are dedicated.

7. The headlamp according to claim 6, wherein a screen with perforations through which the light from the light source passes to the reflection hologram segments is located in a plane that is perpendicular to the row of reflection hologram segments and is located between the plane of extension for the light sources and a lower edge of the reflection hologram segments.

8. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the light from the light sources is reflected by the same reflection hologram segments to obtain numerous light images that are offset to one another to form a holographic image.

9. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the hologram module can rotate about an axis (A).

10. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the light sources are LED light sources or laser light sources.

11. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein numerous hologram modules and/or individual hologram modules are placed in the same headlamp housing.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Reference is now made more particularly to the drawings, which illustrate the best presently known mode of carrying out the invention and wherein similar reference characters indicate the same parts throughout the views.

(2) FIG. 1 shows a perspective front view of a headlamp according to a first embodiment of the invention.

(3) FIG. 2 shows schematic view of a first embodiment of the light source unit and the hologram unit in the headlamp from above.

(4) FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the headlamp from above.

(5) FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a third embodiment of the headlamp from above, with numerous individual hologram modules.

(6) FIG. 5 shows a vertical structure of a hologram module from the front, with light supplied from both sides.

(7) FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of an individual hologram module with numerous light sources.

(8) FIG. 7 shows two hologram modules, one of which can pivot.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(9) Vehicle headlamps are used to generate low beam light distributions and high beam light distributions. The headlamp has a housing that opens toward the front, with a transparent cover panel, not shown. The housing contains a light source unit 1 and a hologram unit 2, with the hologram unit 2 comprising numerous reflection hologram segments 3. There are three reflection hologram segments 3 in a row along a direction of extension E.sub.R in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each of which has a dedicated light source 4 in the light source unit 1. The light sources 4 are spaced apart along a direction of extension E.sub.L, which is substantially parallel to the direction of extension E.sub.R for the reflection hologram segments 3.

(10) In the present exemplary embodiment, the reflection hologram segments 3 follow a convex curve, such that in the plane of the direction of extension E.sub.R, the hologram unit 2 can emit light 5 with a wide beamwidth . Alternatively, the hologram unit 2 can also follow a different curve, such that the beamwidth at which the light 5 is emitted is narrower than if the reflection hologram segments 3 were in a straight row.

(11) The reflection hologram segments 3 are integrally connected to one another. These adjacent reflection hologram segments 3 converge to an acute angle cp.

(12) The light sources 4 are each placed on a substrate (printed circuit board) that is connected to a heat sink 6 on the other side. The hologram unit 2 and light source unit 1 shown in FIG. 2 collectively form a hologram module 7 with which a low beam light distribution can be generated, for example. The reflection hologram segments 3 are behind the light sources 4 in the direction 8 light is emitted from the headlamp. In the present exemplary embodiment, the light sources 4 are beneath the reflection hologram segments 3. The light sources 4 are arranged in a plane that is perpendicular to the reflection hologram segments 3, which extends beyond the edge of the reflection hologram segments 3. There is a screen 11 between this plane along which the light sources 4 extend and a lower edge 10 of the reflection hologram segments 3, or the hologram unit 2, which is preferably opaque, e.g. forming a reflective surface. A front edge 12 of the screen 11 is flush with the edge 13 of the heat sink 6 facing away from the printed circuit board, while a rear edge 14 of the screen 11 extends toward the rear in the light emission direction 8 to the reflection hologram segments 2.

(13) The screen 11 has perforations 15 for each of the light sources 4, such that the light from the light sources 4 can strike the respective reflection hologram segments 3, or a front surface 3 of the reflection hologram segments 3 at an acute angle. The upright, or vertical reflection hologram segments 3 in the present exemplary embodiment contain the holographic diffraction information, such that the light from the light sources 4 is reflected in the light emission direction 8. The screen 11 hides the light sources 4 and the heat sink 6 from view from the outside. The reflection hologram segments 3 are preferably formed by a transparent film. The visible interior of the headlamp housing is therefore characterized or determined by the design of the surface on the inside of the housing.

(14) According to a second embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3, there can be a second hologram module 7 in addition to the hologram module 7 described above, which is composed of a large number of reflection hologram segments 3 and a large number of light sources 4. The hologram module 7 in this exemplary embodiment contains four reflection hologram segments 3 and four light sources 4, such that each reflection hologram segment 3 has one dedicated light source 4.

(15) When the hologram units 2 in the hologram module 7 are in a single plane, the dedicated light sources 4 can also be in a single plane, and therefore on the same substrate.

(16) According to another embodiment of the invention, shown in FIG. 4, the hologram module 7 is an individual hologram module 16, comprising a single reflection hologram segment 3 and a single light source 4. The light sources 4 are on a separate substrate 17, with the heat sink 6 for the individual hologram module 16 on the side facing away from the light source 4. This individual hologram module 16 can correspond to the shape of the edge of the headlamp housing, such that the headlamp can be particularly flat. The headlamp housing for the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 can extend along a horizontal plane, with a limited depth.

(17) According to an alternative embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 5, the headlamp housing can be relatively flat and extend in a vertical plane, in which, unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, each reflection hologram segment 3 has two different light sources 4, 4. The one light source 4 is on one side of the row of reflection hologram segments 3 and the other light source 4 is on the other side. The light sources 4, 4 are arranged symmetrically to the respective reflection hologram segments 3, such that the light from the light sources 4, 4 strikes the surface of the reflection hologram segments at the same, but mirror-reversed, angle. The reflection hologram segments 3 preferably have flat surfaces. According to another embodiment, these surfaces of the reflection hologram segments 3 can also be slightly curved.

(18) According to an alternative embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 5, not shown herein, the light sources 4, 4 can be at different angles to the same reflection hologram segment 3 such that the light they emit strikes the reflection hologram segment 3 at different angles.

(19) According to another embodiment of the invention, not shown herein, a first hologram module 7 can generate a first partial light distribution, and a second hologram module 7 can generate a second partial light distribution. The first partial light distribution and second partial light distribution can be superimposed to obtain a predefined light distribution, e.g. a low beam light distribution. By way of example, the first hologram module 7 can be placed in the left-hand headlamp, and the second hologram module 7 can be placed in the right-hand headlamp, or vice versa. This advantageously further reduces the necessary installation space for the headlamp, if the light sources 4 emit a stronger luminous flux.

(20) According to another embodiment of the invention, shown in FIG. 6, a hologram module 18 comprises a single reflection hologram segment 3 with numerous dedicated light sources 4 on a single substrate 17. The light sources 4 each have primary lenses 19 in front of them, which focus the light form the light sources 4 in a predominant direction that differs from that of the other light sources. The substrate 17 is flat, i.e. the light sources 4 are all on the same plane. These primary lenses 19 change the angle at which the light 5 from the light sources 4 strikes the single reflection hologram segment 3. If, for example, the light source 20 in the middle emits yellow light, and the reflection hologram segment 3 contains diffraction information with which the light 21 from the middle light source 20 is reflected to obtain a turn signal, a first light function can be obtained therewith. If a light source 20 on the right, and a light source 20 on the left emit white light, and the reflection hologram segment 3 contains diffraction information with which a low beam light distribution is obtained from the light emitted by the light sources 20, 20, a second light distribution can be generated with the same hologram module 18.

(21) The hologram module 18 for generating these light functions can be made even more compact if the middle light source 20 emits white light, for example, such that a low beam light distribution is generated by the interaction with the reflection hologram segment 3, the light source 20 on the left emits yellow light, such that a turn signal is generated by the interaction with the reflection hologram segment 3, and the light source 20 on the right emits blue or green light, such that a welcome/farewell function is generated by the interaction with the reflection hologram segment 3. Consequently, three different light functions, or distributions, can be generated.

(22) The light sources 20, 20, 20 could also be used to generate different images, thus generating a three-dimensional image.

(23) This results in a holographic image composed of numerous spatially offset images.

(24) According to another embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 7, the hologram module 7 can also pivot about an axis A, such that a cornering light function can be generated. If the hologram modules 7, 7 on the right and left sides can pivot about a vertical axis A, a tunnel can be formed between them to avoid blinding oncoming traffic.

(25) The light sources 4 can be LED light sources or laser light sources.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

(26) 1 light source unit 2 hologram unit 3, 3 reflection hologram segment 4, 4 light source 5 light 6 heat sink 7, 7 hologram module 8 direction of light emission 10, 10 edge 11 screen 12 front edge 13 edge 14 rear edge 15 perforation 16 individual hologram module 17 substrate 18 hologram module 19 primary lens 20, 20, 20 light sources 21 light angle aperture angle A pivot axis