Gait trainer attachment
11596828 · 2023-03-07
Inventors
- Marissa Koscielski (Columbus, OH, US)
- Adrian Rodriguez (South Bend, IN, US)
- Theresa Rogers (Silver Spring, MD, US)
Cpc classification
A63B2022/0094
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61H1/0262
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61H1/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61H2201/1261
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B22/0046
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A63B21/00181
HUMAN NECESSITIES
International classification
A63B22/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
Abstract
A gait trainer attachment adapted for use with exercise equipment and a method for using the gait trainer attachment. Embodiments of the gait trainer attachment include a frame, a leg brace, and a compromised limb gait system. The compromised limb gait system attaches the leg brace to the frame and is configured to guide a limb of a user through a simulated gait motion. In aspects, the gait trainer attachment gives an amputee user the ability to use ordinary exercise equipment for rehabilitation and endurance training by providing a leg brace for the compromised limb, a frame designed to attach to exercise equipment, and a connection between the leg brace and frame that guides the compromised limb, thus allowing the user to maintain a biomechanically proper walking motion while exercising.
Claims
1. A gait trainer attachment adapted for use with an exercise equipment, comprising: an adjustable frame that removably attaches to the exercise equipment, wherein the adjustable frame comprises: one or more horizontal bars configured to attach to grab bars of the exercise equipment; and one or more attachment arms extending forward from the one or more horizontal bars, where the one or more attachment arms are configured to attach to a front portion of the exercise equipment, wherein the one or more horizontal bars and the one or more attachment arms are adjustable in length; a leg brace configured to hold a compromised limb of a user; and a compromised limb gait system connecting the leg brace to the adjustable frame and configured to guide the compromised limb through a simulated gait motion.
2. The gait trainer attachment of claim 1, wherein the compromised limb gait system comprises: a swing arm connected to the adjustable frame; and a yoke that connects the leg brace to the swing arm.
3. The gait trainer attachment of claim 2, wherein the swing arm comprises one or more swing arm linkages connected by one or more hinge joints.
4. The gait trainer attachment of claim 1, wherein the adjustable frame further comprises one or more fasteners, connected proximate to ends of the one or more horizontal bar and the one or more attachment arms, where the one or more fasteners are configured to attach the exercise equipment.
5. The gait trainer attachment of claim 1, wherein the exercise equipment comprises a treadmill.
6. The gait trainer attachment of claim 1, wherein the leg brace further comprises a pseudo-foot protruding from the leg brace that mimics a natural gait motion of a foot.
7. A gait trainer attachment adapted for use with an exercise equipment, comprising: an adjustable frame that removably attaches to the exercise equipment; a leg brace configured to hold a compromised limb of a user; and a compromised limb gait system connecting the leg brace to the adjustable frame and configured to guide the compromised limb through a simulated gait motion, wherein the compromised limb gait system comprises: a swing arm connected to the adjustable frame, wherein the swing arm permits movement in a single plane a yoke that connects the leg brace to the swing arm, wherein the yoke is connected to the swing arm by a ball joint; wherein the compromised limb gait system further comprises: a height adjustment mechanism connected to the swing arm and configured to allow the compromised limb gait system to be raised or lowered relative to the frame; a frame-gait system connector connecting the height adjustment mechanism to the frame and configured to allow the compromised limb gait system to be adjusted laterally relative to the frame.
8. The gait trainer attachment of claim 7, wherein the leg brace is configured to conform to the compromised limb of the user and wrap around a circumference of the compromised limb of the user to avoid putting pressure on a surgical site on the compromised limb of the user.
9. The gait trainer attachment of claim 8, wherein the leg brace further comprises a pseudo-foot protruding from the leg brace that mimics a natural gait motion of a foot.
10. The gait trainer attachment of claim 7, wherein the ball joint restricts movement to fewer than fifteen degrees in all planes.
11. The gait trainer attachment of claim 7, wherein the exercise equipment comprises a treadmill.
12. The gait trainer attachment of claim 7, wherein the ball joint permits limited omnidirectional movement of the leg brace relative to the swing arm.
13. A gait trainer attachment adapted for use with an exercise equipment, comprising: an adjustable frame that removably attaches to the exercise equipment; a leg brace configured to hold a compromised limb of a user; and a compromised limb gait system connecting the leg brace to the adjustable frame and configured to guide the compromised limb through a simulated gait motion, wherein the compromised limb gait system comprises: a swing arm connected to the adjustable frame, wherein the swing arm comprises one or more swing arm linkages connected by one or more hinge joints, wherein the swing arm linkages are adjustable in length, wherein the swing arm permits movement in a single plane; a yoke that connects the leg brace to the swing arm.
14. The gait trainer attachment of claim 13, wherein the yoke is connected to the swing arm by a hinge joint.
15. The gait trainer attachment of claim 13, wherein the exercise equipment comprises a treadmill.
16. The gait trainer attachment of claim 13, wherein the leg brace further comprises a pseudo-foot protruding from the leg brace that mimics a natural gait motion of a foot.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
(1) The apparatuses, devices, and methods may be better understood by referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals indicate like structural elements and features in various figures. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, and simply illustrate the principles of the apparatuses, devices and methods. The accompanying drawings illustrate only possible embodiments of the apparatuses, devices and methods and are therefore not to be considered limiting in scope.
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DESCRIPTION
(23) Aspects of the system and methods are described below with reference to illustrative embodiments. The references to illustrative embodiments below are not made to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter. Instead, illustrative embodiments are used to aid in the description of various aspects of the device. The description, made by way of example and reference to illustrative reference, is not meant to be limiting as regards any aspect of the claimed subject matter.
(24) The described devices relate to medical or therapeutic devices and more particularly to gait training devices for those with compromised mobility. The terms “gait training device” and “gait trainer” are used interchangeably herein. In aspects, the described gait trainer attachment facilitates the biomechanics of a normal gait motion, including the typical muscle activations in the gait cycle. For an amputee patient or a user with an otherwise compromised limb, embodiments of the gait trainer attachment guide the user to maintain proper biomechanics when using common exercise or rehabilitation equipment. All of this allows the patient to put weight on the compromised limb, activate muscles in the compromised limb, and walk or run with a normal gait pattern. This prevents disease processes from accelerating, reduces pain, and further strengthens the bones and muscles in the compromised limb. In addition, embodiments of the described gait trainer attachment can be portable, allowing the patient to exercise outside of the time and location constraints of physical therapy sessions. The compact and adjustable design allows the gait trainer attachment to be used in a variety of settings including, but not limited to, physical therapy, hospitals, clinics, gyms, and the home. Further, the gait trainer attachment can be particularly beneficial when used later in the recovery period where patients tend to exhibit more advanced ambulatory ability. The gait trainer attachment, in combination with ordinary exercise equipment, permits the patient to exercise and regain strength independently without requiring medical supervision or special equipment. In addition to strengthening the muscles and bones in the compromised limb and improving the overall health of the patient, a return to normal exercise as quickly as possible can benefit the patient's attitude toward recovery and physical therapy.
(25) While conventional gait trainers provide patients with some options for rehabilitative exercise, they are not well-suited for use outside of physical therapy sessions or for endurance training because they can be cumbersome, prohibitively expensive, and incompatible with common exercise equipment. Thus, amputee, monoplegic, or other patients with reduced mobility may find it difficult or impossible to use traditional gait training devices outside of physical therapy or to use them for prolonged periods of time, such as for endurance training. Other more accessible or portable means for gait training, such as gait training walkers, may be impractical for rehabilitative endurance training because they are not designed for use with pre-existing exercise equipment used in endurance training and can limited in use by surface conditions (e.g. uneven or nonexistent sidewalks) and available space. The gait trainer attachment described herein, in aspects, gives an amputee patient the ability to use common exercise equipment for rehabilitation and endurance training by providing a compromised limb gait system that guides the compromised limb through a biomechanically proper gait motion connected to a frame designed to attach to the exercise equipment.
(26) General Overview
(27) Referring to
(28) In embodiments, the compromised limb gait system 104 guides the patient's compromised limb through a simulated walking or running motion. A leg brace 106, attached to the compromised limb gait system 104 through a yoke 116, is fitted to the patient's compromised limb. In embodiments, the compromised limb gait system 104 comprises the yoke 116, a swing arm 118, a height adjustment mechanism 120, and a frame-gait system connector 122. The compromised limb gait system 104 can restrict or direct motion of the compromised limb to encourage movement of the limb in the proper, biomechanical gait. The gait trainer attachment 100 encourages the patient to shift some of their weight onto the compromised limb during exercise, strengthening the limb and facilitating rehabilitation. At the same time, the gait trainer attachment reduces abduction and adduction of the limb. By encouraging proper gait motion when used with common exercise equipment, the illustrated gait trainer attachment 100 can allow users to train in ways otherwise restricted by the time constraints of ordinary physical therapy sessions and the equipment limitations of ordinary gait trainers. The illustrated gait trainer attachment 100 is particularly well-suited for extended duration endurance training.
(29) Frame
(30) Referring to
(31) In the embodiments depicted in
(32) Compromised Limb Gait System
(33) Referring now to
(34) In embodiments, the swing arm 118 comprises one or more swing arm linkages 128 that are connected to the height adjustment mechanism 120 and each other via one or more hinge joints 130. These hinge joints permit substantially planar movement of the swing arm linkages 128, helping to guide the motion of the compromised limb and reducing lateral movement of the limb. In other embodiments, the swing arm 118 is fixed to the height adjustment mechanism 120 or the other types of joints can be used to connect the swing arm 118 to the height adjustment mechanism 120 and the swing arm linkages 128 to each other. The yoke 116 connects the leg brace 106 to the swing arm 118 and in the illustrated embodiment is connected to the swing arm 118 via a ball joint 132, shown in detail in
(35) As shown, in the illustrated embodiment, the yoke 116 connects to each side of the leg brace 106 with a pin joint or revolute joint. This allows the leg brace 106 to rotate freely with respect to the yoke 116, while restricting lateral movement. Connecting proximate to the knee of the user, or below the hip, is particularly advantageous as it allows the rotational mobility of the pin or revolute joint to replace, or work in combination with, the natural rotational mobility of the knee. In addition, by connecting proximate to the knee and below the hip of the user, the gait trainer attachment 100 does not need to be customized to fit the waist or hip dimensions of the user.
(36) In embodiments, the leg brace 106 is detachable so that it can be placed on or fitted to the compromised limb of the user. This allows the user to attach the leg brace 106 in a seated, comfortable position. Once the leg brace 106 is fitted to the limb, the leg brace 106 can be attached to the compromised limb gait system 104 via the pin joints and move in a natural manner. The yoke 116 and swing arm linkages 128 control movement of the leg brace 106 and compromised limb facilitating normal gait mechanics and encouraging proper walking motion.
(37) In embodiments, as depicted in
(38) The length of the swing arm linkages 128 and height of the compromised limb gait system 104 can be customized for the stride of the user and can be used to prevent drag of the compromised limb. The length of the swing arm linkages can limit the rearward motion of the swing arm 118, which prevents the swing arm 118, and therefore the compromised limb, from extending too far to the rear of the gait trainer attachment 100. This encourages the patient to stride with the compromised limb and discourages dragging of the limb. By stopping the rearward motion of the swing arm 118, the length of the swing arm 118 communicates to the patient when the simulated gait motion has been completed for a particular step and when it is time to begin another step and continue the simulated gait motion. In another embodiment, the swing arm linkage 128 can include a hard stop implemented as a simple bar that limits the rotation of the swing arm 118 relative to the height adjustment mechanism 120, thereby limiting the rearward motion of the swing arm 118.
(39) Referring to
(40) Leg Brace
(41) Referring now to
(42) Referring to
(43) In depicted embodiments, in the case of a patient that is monoplegic or has reduced function in their compromised limb, but is not an amputee, the leg brace 106 can be attached to the compromised limb and can extend from the thigh to the foot of the patient or any portion thereof. In this embodiment, the leg brace 106 can either support and direct movement of the knee or ankle joints or fix those joints in place. In
(44) Methods of Use
(45) In an embodiment, to use the gait trainer attachment 100, the patient first attaches the frame 102 with the connected compromised limb gait system 104 to compatible exercise equipment 108, for example, a treadmill. In preparation to attach the frame 102 to the exercise equipment 108, the user first lengthens or shortens the horizontal bar(s) 110 for the exercise equipment 108. Next, the user secures the horizontal bar 110 to the grab bars 126 or comparable side components of the exercise equipment 108. In other embodiments, the user would also lengthen or shorten the attachment arms 114 and secure the attachment arms 114 to the front portion of the exercise equipment 108. Then, the user fixes the compromised limb gait system 104 to the frame 102 at the desired position using the frame-gait system connector 122 and adjusts the height of the compromised limb gait system 104 using the height adjustment mechanism 120. Once the gait trainer attachment 100 is secured to the exercise equipment 108 and the height set, the user attaches the leg brace 106 to the compromised limb. In other embodiments, the user could detach the leg brace 106, attach the leg brace 106 to the compromised limb, then reattach the leg brace 106 to the yoke 116. Beginning his or her first stride, the user begins the kicking motion on the side of the compromised limb and progresses forward through the force on the solid limb. While the user activates his or her own muscles, the compromised limb gait system 104 will permit the compromised limb to move in an approximation of their normal gait motion. This enables the leg to move through the proper biomechanics of walking or running and allows the force of the compromised limb to be absorbed through the thigh and hip. Some embodiments, for example use with a treadmill, may require the user to begin his or her first stride while simultaneously initiating motion of the exercise equipment 108. While the steps of use are described in a particular order, variations in order of the steps are contemplated.
(46) What has been described above includes examples of aspects of the claimed subject matter. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the claimed subject matter, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of the disclosed subject matter are possible. Accordingly, the disclosed subject matter is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has” or “having” or variations in form thereof are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as “comprising” is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim.