Method for constructing a building having strong thermal insulation and building constructed by means of said method

Abstract

A building comprising strong thermal insulation, at least some walls of which consist of panels made of a low-density thermally insulating material, wherein the panels have edge surfaces which are uniformly planar over an entire thickness thereof and are assembled to one another by interleaving boards in joint areas between two adjacent panels, the boards being connected in contact with the panels over an entire length and width of edge surfaces in said joint areas, so that a junction of the boards with the panels prevents by itself alone deformation of the boards in bending transversally to their plane and in twisting and that the panels ensure wind bracing of the walls.

Claims

1. A building comprising strong thermal insulation, said building comprising at least one wall comprising panels made of a low-density thermally insulating material, wherein the panels have edge surfaces which are uniformly planar over an entire thickness thereof and are assembled to one another by interleaving boards such that each pair of adjacent panels has a joint area between the two assembled panels, the boards being connected in contact with the panels over an entire length and width of the edge surfaces in said joint areas, so that a junction of the boards with the panels prevents by itself alone deformation of the boards in bending transversally and in twisting and that the panels ensure wind bracing of the walls; wherein the panels are assembled by clamping, the panels having the edge surfaces opposite one another and one of said boards on each of the edge surfaces thereof being clamped between the boards located on the opposite edge surfaces of the panels; wherein the assembly includes boards on opposite edge surfaces of the panel, wherein a fastener extends through said boards and the panel.

2. The building according to claim 1, wherein the panels are assembled with the boards by adhesive.

3. The building according to claim 2, wherein strips are attached to edge surfaces of the boards to comprise I or H section flanges and the edge surfaces of the panels are inserted between the flanges of said sections.

4. The building according to claim 1, wherein the boards are joined by battens.

5. The building according to claim 4, wherein the battens act as support for an interior or exterior covering.

6. The building according to claim 1, wherein the panels are made of a material chosen from among: expanded foams, expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, resol foam, wood fibre, rock wool, glass wool, cork, with at thickness from 150 to 500 mm.

7. The building according to claim 1, wherein the boards are made of at least one of milled wood, plywood or multi-ply wood, LVL, composite wood.

8. The building according to claim 1, wherein the boards have a width substantially equal to a thickness of the panels and a thickness in a relation included between and 1/15 of the width.

9. The building according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, epoxy, and neoprene adhesives.

10. A construction method for a building having strong thermal insulation comprising: providing at least one wall, said at least one wall comprising panels made of a low-density thermally insulating material, cutting the panels to the dimensions required with continually planar edge surfaces over the entire thickness of the panels, and assembling the panels together with interleaved boards at junction areas between the two assembled panels, connecting the panels in contact over the entire length of the edge surfaces of the panels at joint areas in such a way that a junction of the boards with the panels prevents the deformation of the boards in bending transversally and in twisting and that the panels ensure the wind bracing of the walls.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the panels are assembled with boards over the entire length and width of said joint areas by gluing.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the panels are assembled by being clamped between the two boards located on opposite edge surfaces of the panels, by screwing of one board onto the other through a width of the panel clamped between said boards, or by strapping around both the boards and the panel clamped between said boards.

13. A building comprising strong thermal insulation, said building comprising at least one wall comprising panels made of a low-density thermally insulating material, wherein the panels have edge surfaces which are uniformly planar over an entire thickness thereof and are assembled to one another by interleaving boards in joint areas between the two assembled panels, wherein a fastener extends through and connects said boards and the panels on opposite edge surfaces of the panels; the boards being connected in contact with the panels over an entire length and width of the edge surfaces in said joint areas, so that a junction of the boards with the panels prevents, by itself alone, deformation of the boards in bending transversally and in twisting and that the panels ensure wind bracing of the walls.

14. A building comprising strong thermal insulation, said building comprising at least one wall comprising panels made of a low-density thermally insulating material, wherein the panels have edge surfaces which are uniformly planar over an entire thickness thereof and are assembled to one another by interleaving boards, such that each pair of adjacent panels has a joint area between the two assembled panels, the boards being connected in contact with the panels over an entire length and width of the edge surfaces in said joint areas, so that a junction of the boards with the panels prevents by itself alone deformation of the boards in bending transversally and in twisting and that the panels ensure wind bracing of the walls; wherein the panels are assembled with the boards by adhesive; wherein strips are attached to edge surfaces of the boards to comprise I or H section flanges and the edge surfaces of the panels are inserted between the flanges of said sections.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) A building in compliance with the invention and its construction method will be better understood and other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description.

(2) Make reference to the appended drawings where:

(3) FIG. 1 is a perspective view of such a building,

(4) FIG. 2 is a similar view, with a part of the first floor removed to show the structure of the walls, floor and roof,

(5) FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the assembly of panels and boards according to the first embodiment,

(6) FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the assembly of panels and boards according to the second embodiment,

(7) FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the assembly of panels and boards according to a third embodiment,

(8) FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of the assembly of panels and boards according to a fourth embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(9) The building shown on FIGS. 1 and 2 is a house of a simple form, with one upper floor. The lower and upper slabs 1a, 1b, the walls 2 and the roof 3 are constructed in compliance with the invention by the assembly of polystyrene panels 10 with typical dimensions of 2.6 m1.2 m0.3 m thick and 3 cm thick plywood boards 20.

(10) FIG. 2 notably shows the construction of the upper slab 1b and of the roof in compliance with the invention, the boards 20 of the slab and the roof resting respectively on the ends of the boards 20 of the walls.

(11) The walls can be preassembled on the ground before being erected and joined to the walls already installed, by gluing, or screwing for example, at the corners.

(12) FIG. 3 shows the assembly of panels and boards according to the first embodiment, where the edge surfaces of the panels 10 are glued to the boards 20. At the corners, the boards of the vertical partition rest on the sides of the boards comprising the slab and can be attached by all conventional attachment means. The panels comprising the walls are also glued to those comprising the slab.

(13) FIG. 4 shows the assembly of panels and boards according to the second embodiment, where strips 30 are attached to the edge surfaces of the boards 20 to comprise the I sections and the edge surfaces 11 of the panels are inserted by force between the flanges of said sections. FIG. 4 also shows the use of horizontal battens 40 attached by screws to the strips 30 and the edge surfaces of the boards 20. These battens 40 join several boards 20 together, as explained previously, and also allow an interior covering such as, for example, plasterboards to be attached. Electrical conduits can be placed between the panels 10 and these boards or any other finishing covering and held by the battens 40.

(14) FIG. 5 shows the assembly of the panels and the boards according to a third embodiment, where the boards 20 are assembled by screwing, in order to clamp a panel 10 between two boards. For this purpose, special long wood screws 50 with a diameter of around 6 mm, for example, are used, the length of which is adapted to pass through, from a board 20a installed last, the complete width of the panel 10, and are screwed into the board 20b installed previously, located on the other side of the panel 10. This assembly method benefits from the ease by which screws 50 can pass through the light insulating panels. Also, the tightening of the screws ensures very good contact, under pressure, of the boards with the edge surfaces of the panels. This improves the strength of the assembly, favoured by the presence of screws forming a sort of reinforcement in the thickness of the wall and by the friction, resulting from the tightening of the screws, between the boards 20 and the edge surfaces of the panels 10.

(15) The installation of a wall according to this embodiment is done simply by beginning by assembling a first panel between two boards screwed one to the other. Then, a second panel the edge surface of which is placed against one of the boards is added and a third board is installed that is screwed onto the board already in place through the second panel and so on. For the removal and the recycling of this construction, it suffices to unscrew the screws 50, to separate the boards and the panels, by starting by removing the last board installed during the installation.

(16) FIG. 6 shows the assembly of panels and boards according to a fourth embodiment, where the boards 20 are assembled by strapping by means of steel strips 60 for example. For the installation, as can be seen on FIG. 6, it suffices to place the strips 60a to be used to assemble a panel and a new board on a board 20b already in place, between said panel 20b and panel 10a before definitively strapping said board 20b to the panel 10a and so on.

(17) For the embodiment cases of FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, battens, notably horizontal battens, can also be attached directly to the edge surfaces of the boards 20 to act as support for a covering, as explained previously, allowing ducts, conduits or cables to be passed between said covering and the surface of the panels.