Fire protection element having bimetal

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire protection element (10) for sealing a combustible body, which penetrates an opening (22) in a wall or ceiling, in the event of a fire. The fire protection element (10) has a belt-shaped carrier (12) from the edge of which tongues (14) protrude transversely to the longitudinal direction of said carrier, which tongues are connected to the belt-shaped carrier (12), at least a significant proportion of the tongues (14) being formed of a bimetal, which tongues can move in one direction under the effect of heat. A fire protection material (18) is applied to at least one side of the tongues (14). Furthermore, a method for sealing a combustible body, which penetrates an opening (22) in a wall or ceiling, in the event of a fire is described.

Claims

1. A tire protection element for sealing a combustible body, which penetrates an opening in a wall or ceiling, in the event of a fire, wherein the fire protection element has a belt-shaped carrier from an edge of which tongues protrude transversely to a longitudinal direction of said carrier, wherein the tongues are connected to the belt-shaped carrier, wherein at least a significant proportion of the tongues is formed of a bimetal which can move in one direction under the effect of heat, and wherein a fire protection material is applied to at least one side of the tongues.

2. The fire protection element according to claim Wherein the fire protection material is applied to both sides of the tongues and to the carrier.

3. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the carrier and the tongues are designed in one piece.

4. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the tongues are separated from one another by slits, or wherein the tongues are arranged so as to not be spaced apart.

5. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the tongues are designed in the form of rectangles.

6. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the tongues move starting from a temperature of 100° C.

7. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the tongues, proceeding from a starting position thereof, can achieve a bend of more than 20°, but less than 135° when heated.

8. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein movement of the tongues is reversible.

9. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the fire protection material is selected from the group consisting of ail intumescent material, a fire protection coating, a fire protection foam, an ablative coating, coating, and a combination thereof.

10. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein different fire protection materials are applied to one or both sides of the tongues and/or to the carrier.

11. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the carrier and/or the tongues are provided with an additional coating.

12. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the fire protection element comprises an additional fire protection wrap which is arranged on the carrier and/or the tongues.

13. A method for sealing a combustible body, which penetrates an opening in a wall or ceiling, in the event of a fire, wherein the method comprises: introducing the fire protection element according to claim 1 into the opening, wherein the tongues of the fire protection element protrude at least partially from the opening and enclose the combustible body; wherein the tongues move toward the opening when heated.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein at least the belt-shaped carrier of the fire protection element is slid, between the wall or ceiling and the combustible body, into the opening and is secured therein.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the fire protection element is fastened to the combustible body and is inserted into the opening together with said combustible body.

16. The fire protection element according to claim 1, wherein the fire protection material is applied only to the side of the tongues which has a lower coefficient of expansion.

17. The fire protection element according to claim 6, wherein the tongues reach an end position at a temperature of at most 250° C.

18. The fire protection element according to claim 9, wherein the intumescent material, if present, is expandable graphite; wherein the fire protection foam, if present, is a polyurethane-based foam; and wherein the ablative coating, if present, is aluminum trihydrate.

19. The fire protection element according to claim 11, wherein the additional coating is an adhesive coating and/or a color coaling.

20. The method according to claim 13, wherein the combustible body is a pipeline.

Description

[0028] Further advantages and properties of the invention can be found in the following description of preferred embodiments and in the drawings to which reference is made. However, these should not be understood in a restrictive sense. In the drawings:

[0029] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fire protection element according to the invention;

[0030] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fire protection element according to the invention, arranged around a pipeline, the tongues being located in a starting position; and

[0031] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fire protection element according to the invention in the starting position, which element is placed around a pipeline which is routed through an opening in a wall.

[0032] FIG. 1 shows a fire protection element 10 having a belt-shaped carrier 12, from the edge of which tongues 14 protrude transversely to the longitudinal direction of said carrier, which tongues are connected to the wrap-type carrier 12.

[0033] In the shown embodiment, the belt-shaped carrier 12 and the tongues 14 are designed in one piece and are formed of a bimetal.

[0034] Alternatively, the belt-shaped carrier 12 and the tongues 14 can consist of different materials. In particular, merely the tongues 14 can be formed of a bimetal, and the carrier 12 can consist of a less expensive material, for example sheet steel.

[0035] The tongues 14 can also be adhesively bonded, welded, soldered or screwed to the belt-shaped carrier 12. In an alternative embodiment, the belt-shaped carrier 12 can also comprise recesses in which the tongues 14 engage and are fastened.

[0036] The individual tongues 14 can have the same width or different widths. The widths of the tongues are advantageously selected on the basis of the opening to be closed. Preferably, the tongues therefore have a width of ⅓ of the diameter of the opening to be closed, more preferably ⅙, even more preferably 1/12 or smaller. Particularly preferably, the tongues have a width of 25 mm.

[0037] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the tongues 14 are separated from one another by slits 16. In a further embodiment (not shown here), the tongues 14 are arranged so as to not be spaced apart from one another.

[0038] The tongues 14 are preferably designed to be rectangular and arranged parallel to one another. Such an embodiment is relatively easy to produce by cutting a bimetallic strip at regular intervals using a suitable cutting tool. In principle, however, other shapes for the tongues are conceivable, for example a trapezoidal shape which tapers toward the free end of the tongues, in order to enclose the combustible body, preferably a pipeline or a cable conduit, in a desired manner.

[0039] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a fire protection material 18 is applied to the tongues 14. The use of expandable graphite as a fire protection material 18 is particularly preferred since it ensures effective closure and is inexpensive to process.

[0040] Since the tongues 14 are formed of a bimetal, they can bend in one direction when the temperature changes. A bimetal comprises two layers of metals having different coefficients of thermal expansion. As a result, when the temperature changes the bimetal moves in the direction in which the metal that has a lower coefficient of expansion is mounted. Accordingly, the fire protection element 10 is mounted such that this side of the tongues 14 faces toward the combustible body or toward the center of the opening to be closed in the event of a fire.

[0041] Said side, which is shown in FIG. 1, can be provided with an additional color coating, in particular a colored acrylic dispersion which indicates the correct orientation during installation of the fire protection element 10.

[0042] An additional adhesive coating can also be provided at least on the tongues 14 before applying the fire protection material 18, which ensures better adhesion of the fire protection material 18 to the surface of the fire protection element 10.

[0043] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a combustible body in the form of a pipeline 20, which is introduced into an opening 22 and penetrates a wall 24 that is shown in a delineated manner. A fire protection element 10 is arranged around the pipeline 20 and within a gap 25 between the pipeline 20 and the wall 24. The fire protection element 10 comprises a plurality of tongues 14 and a coating 26 which faces toward the pipe, is applied to the tongues 14, and is made of the fire protection material 18. The tongues 14 protrude at least partially from the wall 24 and enclose the pipeline 20.

[0044] Instead of the pipeline 20, a cable or a cable conduit can be provided which is routed through the opening 22 in the wall 24.

[0045] The tongues 14 have a small thickness, for example at most 1 mm. The thickness of the coating 26 of the fire protection material 18 can be selected depending on the desired application and is preferably in a range of from 0.5 to 4.5 mm. However, the coating 26 is preferably at most five times, more preferably three times and even more preferably twice as thick as the tongues 14.

[0046] In the event of a fire, the pipeline 20 heats up until the material of the pipeline 20 fails. In particular for plastics pipes having a low melting point, for example pipes made of polyethylene or polypropylene, the material of the pipeline 20 already fails at temperatures above approximately 130° C. In this case, the tongues 14 are heated rapidly and move toward the center of the opening 22 exposed by the pipeline 20, even if the fire protection material 18 is not yet activated.

[0047] As a result, the opening 22 is already mechanically closed by the tongues 14 at least partially, such that a cap is formed on the opening 22.

[0048] Owing to the movement of the tongues 14, the fire protection material 18 is moved closer to the center of the opening 22 and is exposed to higher temperatures, such that the activation temperature of the fire protection material 18 is reached.

[0049] If, for example, expandable graphite is used as the fire protection material 18, said graphite expands very rapidly in the heat and thus, in addition to the tongues 14, closes the opening 22. In this way, very stable closure is ensured, which is provided by the expanded expandable graphite and is mechanically stabilized by the tongues 14.

[0050] The pipeline 20 can also be an empty conduit. These melt particularly rapidly in the event of a fire, meaning that the earliest possible closure of the opening 22 is required. This is made possible by the early activation of the tongues 14 at low temperatures.

[0051] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the fire protection element 10 is laid around the pipeline 20 as a fire protection wrap. In order to achieve such an arrangement, a precut and coated wrap made of bimetal as shown in FIG. 1 can be guided around a pipeline 20 and slid into the opening 22 together with the pipeline 20.

[0052] For this purpose, a first side edge 28 of the fire protection element 10 is guided toward a second side edge 30 of the fire protection element 10. The two side edges 28 and 30 can either be arranged one next to the other, as shown in FIG. 2, or overlap.

[0053] The side edges 28 and 30 can be adhesively bonded to one another or closure elements (now shown here) are mounted on the side edges 28 and 30 of the fire protection element 10 and are connected to one another.

[0054] Alternatively, the fire protection element 10 is guided around the pipeline 20 and then fixed thereto by means of a wire and/or a metal cable tie.

[0055] The fire protection element 10 can be fastened to the pipeline 20 either when the pipeline 20 is already installed within the opening 22 or before the pipeline 20 is inserted into the opening 22.

[0056] It is also conceivable for the belt-shaped carrier 12 to be adhesively bonded to the pipeline 20 and the fire protection element 10 to be thereby fastened to the pipeline 20. This variant is suitable in particular if the fire protection element 10 is mounted on the pipeline 20 before the pipeline 20 is mounted in the opening 22.

[0057] Lastly, the fire protection element 10 can first be introduced into the opening 22 and fastened therein, for example, by adhesion, before the pipeline 20 is inserted into the opening 22.

[0058] In all of the embodiments, the fire protection element 10 is installed such that the tongues 14 protrude at least partially from the wall 24, such that they are exposed to rapid heating in the event of fire.

[0059] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a pipeline 20 having a fire protection element 10 mounted around the pipeline 20. In this embodiment, the tongues 14 at least partially overlap one another.

[0060] In FIG. 3, at least some of the tongues 14 also project out of the wall 24, while the belt-shaped carrier 12 is fitted completely within the wall 24. In this way, it can be ensured that the fire protection element 10 is securely mounted, while the tongues 14 can be heated rapidly in the event of fire and thus ensure early closure of the opening 22 exposed by the decomposing pipeline 20.

[0061] The fire protection element 10 can, as shown in FIG. 3, be installed hi a particularly space-saving manner, since no collar or fixation has to be mounted.