Abstract
Guide roller of a pair of feed rollers of a granulating device for plastic strands, wherein the guide roller has a core and at least one outer hard rubber layer, wherein the at least one outer hard rubber layer forms a sleeve that can be pushed onto the core of the guide roller and pulled off of the core.
Claims
1. A guide roller of a pair of feed rollers of a granulating device for plastic strands comprising: the guide roller has a core and at least one outer hard rubber layer, the at least one outer hard rubber layer forms a sleeve that is configured to be pushed onto the core of the guide roller and pulled off of the core.
2. The guide roller according to claim 1, further comprising: A first end region of the core has an external thread onto which a ring nut is configured to be threaded a first conical surface of the ring nut engages a first mating conical surface of the outer hard rubber layer that forms the sleeve; a second end region opposite the first end region of the core has a second conical surface that engages second mating conical surface opposite the first mating conical surface of the outer hard rubber layer that forms the sleeve; wherein the sleeve is centered with first and second mating conical surfaces by the first and second conical surfaces.
3. The guide roller according to claim 1, further comprising: a key projecting in an axial direction from the core, the key positively engages with an inner longitudinal groove of the outer hard rubber layer during the pushing on and the pulling off.
4. The guide roller according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve of the hard rubber layer has an internal cone that is frictionally connected to an external cone of the core.
5. The guide roller according to claim 4, further comprising a key projecting in an axial direction from the external cone of the core positively engages with an inner longitudinal groove of the internal cone of the outer hard rubber layer during the pushing on and the pulling off.
6. The guide roller according to claim 1, wherein the hard rubber layer is vulcanized or adhesive bonded or clamped onto a reinforcing cylinder, and the sleeve with the reinforcing cylinder is arranged on the core.
7. The guide roller according to claim 6, wherein the reinforcing cylinder has mating cones that are arranged such that they are clamped and centered between a front cone of the core and a cone of a ring nut which is configured to be threaded to a first end region of the core.
8. The guide roller according to claim 6, wherein the reinforcing cylinder has an inner longitudinal groove that engages a key projecting from an outer shell of the core.
9. The guide roller according to claim 6, wherein the reinforcing cylinder arranged on the core includes a thermosetting plastic, a fiber-reinforced plastic, or a metal alloy.
10. The guide roller according to claim 6, wherein the outer hard rubber layer is arranged on a sleeve carrier with or without a reinforcing cylinder.
11. The guide roller according to claim 10, further comprising A first end region of the sleeve carrier has an external thread onto which can be threaded a ring nut; a first conical surface of the ring nut engages a first mating conical surface of the outer hard rubber layer a second end region opposite the first end region has a second conical surface that engages second mating conical surface opposite the first mating conical surface, and wherein the sleeve with its first and second mating conical surfaces is centered by the first and second conical surfaces.
12. The guide roller according to claim 10, wherein the sleeve consists of the sleeve carrier with at least an outer hard rubber layer has an inner longitudinal groove that engages in the axial direction a key projecting from the sleeve carrier.
13. The guide roller according to claim 10, wherein the sleeve carrier is an integral part of the core.
14. The guide roller according to claim 1, wherein the core of the guide roller has, arranged at first and second ends, journals that are rotatably supported in a housing of the granulating device.
15. The guide roller according to claim 1, wherein the core of the guide roller has a hollow shaft that is rotatably supported on a fixed axle.
16. The guide roller according to claim 1, wherein the core of the guide roller has radial bores that communicate with a central axle bore, wherein the central axle bore of the core has a compressed air connection.
17. The guide roller according to claim 1, wherein: the core of the guide roller is a hollow shaft that has radial openings and has compressed-air-tight end plates with journals at its end regions, wherein at least one journal has a central axle bore, and the central axle bore in the journals of the core have a compressed air connection that is configured to connect to a compressed air source during the pushing on and the pulling off of the outer hard rubber layer.
18. The guide roller according to claim 15, further comprising: an intermediate layer made of compressible material is arranged between the core and the hard rubber layer the core having radial bores or radial openings enclosed by the sleeve with at least the hard rubber layer.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The invention is described in detail below using the embodiments explained by way of example.
[0027] FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective outside view of a guide roller with replaceable outer hard rubber layer according to a first embodiment of the invention;
[0028] FIGS. 2, 2A and 2B show a schematic perspective view of the guide roller from FIG. 1 with regions partially shown in longitudinal cross-section;
[0029] FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of the guide roller from FIG. 1;
[0030] FIG. 4 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller according to a second embodiment of the invention;
[0031] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view with a region partially in longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller with replaceable outer hard rubber layer according to a third embodiment of the invention;
[0032] FIG. 6 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
[0033] FIG. 7 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;
[0034] FIG. 8 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;
[0035] FIG. 9 shows a schematic perspective outside view of a guide roller with replaceable outer hard rubber layer according to a seventh embodiment of the invention;
[0036] FIG. 10 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller from FIG. 9;
[0037] FIG. 11 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller according to an eighth embodiment of the invention;
[0038] FIG. 12 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller according to a ninth embodiment of the invention;
[0039] FIG. 13 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller according to another embodiment of the invention;
[0040] FIGS. 14A to 14F show schematic cross-sections of a guide roller with positive engagements between the hard rubber layer, a sleeve carrier, and the core of the guide roller;
[0041] FIG. 15 schematically shows the use of a guide roller according to the invention in a strand pelletizing apparatus.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0042] FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective outside view of a guide roller 1 with replaceable outer hard rubber layer 12 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The outer hard rubber layer 12 forms a sleeve 10 that is arranged on a core 11 of the guide roller 1 such that it can be pulled on or pushed off. For this purpose, the outer hard rubber layer 12 covers the entire roller width L coaxially to the axis 45 of the guide roller 1. FIG. 1 also shows a first end region 13 with a first journal 26 and a second end region 14 with a second journal 27, wherein the journals 26 and 27 project from the lateral end regions 13 and 14, for example in order to pivotably support the guide roller 1 in a granulator housing.
[0043] FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the guide roller 1 from FIG. 1 with regions partially shown in longitudinal cross-section. The regions A and B of the guide roller 1 partially in longitudinal cross-section illustrate the internal structure and the components that make it possible to ease the pulling off of a used hard rubber layer 12 and the pushing on of a reconditioned or new outer hard rubber layer 12 on the core 11 of the guide roller 1.
[0044] To this end, FIG. 2A shows the detail A in enlarged longitudinal cross-section, wherein the outer hard rubber layer is labeled with the reference symbol 12. Located in the end region 13 of the core 11, between the outer hard rubber layer 12 and the end region 13 of the guide cylinder 1 shown in FIG. 2A, is a conical surface 20 that engages a mating conical surface 21 of the hard rubber layer 12. Arranged on the core 11 in the opposite end region 14, whose longitudinal cross-section is shown enlarged in FIG. 2B, is an external thread 16 that engages an internal thread of a ring nut 17. The ring nut 17 has a conical surface 18 that in turn engages a mating conical surface 19 of the hard rubber layer 12. As a result of the design of the conical surfaces 18 and 20 and the mating conical surfaces 19 and 21 of the hard rubber layer 12, the latter is centered on the core of the guide roller 1 and is frictionally clamped between the conical surfaces 20 of the core 11 and 21 of the ring nut 17.
[0045] FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of the guide roller 1 from FIG. 1. In the event that the clamping action and frictional connection between the conical surfaces 19 and 21 and the mating conical surfaces 18 and 20 is not sufficient to prevent rotation of the outer hard rubber layer 12 relative to the core 11, an option for a connection with positive engagement in addition to the frictional connection between the conical surfaces 18 and 20 and the mating conical surfaces 19 and 21 is shown with FIG. 3. To this end, the core 11 of the guide roller 1 has a key 22 that projects from an outer lateral surface of the core 11 and engages an inner longitudinal groove 23 of the outer hard rubber layer 12.
[0046] In FIGS. 4 to 14 that follow, components of different embodiments of the invention that have the same functions as in FIGS. 1 to 3 are labeled with the same reference characters and are not discussed separately.
[0047] FIG. 4 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller 2 according to a second embodiment of the invention. In this second embodiment, the hard rubber layer 12 that forms a sleeve 10 is stabilized and supported by a reinforcing cylinder 44 onto which the hard rubber layer 12 can be vulcanized, adhesive bonded, or clamped. The reinforcing cylinder 44 now substantially has the centered mating conical surfaces 19 and 21, so that the hard rubber layer 12 is not loaded by the centering forces that arise. To this end, the reinforcing cylinder 44 can be made of metal or a thermosetting plastic or a fiber-reinforced plastic.
[0048] The mating conical surfaces 19 and 21 of the reinforcing cylinder 44 cooperate, as before, with the first conical surface 18 of the ring nut 17 placed on the external thread 16 of the core 11 in the end region 14 and the second conical surface 20 arranged in the end region 13 of the core 11. In this design, the mating conical surfaces 19 and 21 of the reinforcing cylinder 44 are centered between the conical surfaces 18 and 20, and are frictionally clamped after the ring nut 17 has been threaded onto the external thread 16 of the end region 14 of the core 11. This reinforcing cylinder 44 can be necessary if the hard rubber layer 12 has inadequate deformation resistance and stiffness, in order to absorb, by virtue of its deformation resistance and stiffness, the clamping and centering forces without deforming.
[0049] Moreover, FIG. 4 also shows that, in this second embodiment of the invention, the key 22 projecting from the outer shell of the core 11 is now arranged in a longitudinal groove 23 that is located substantially or even completely in the reinforcing cylinder 44.
[0050] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view, with a region in partial longitudinal cross-section, of a guide roller 3 with replaceable outer hard rubber layer 12 according to a third embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, a modified reinforcing cylinder 44 is employed, onto which the hard rubber layer 12 is vulcanized. In the axial direction, the reinforcing cylinder 44 has an internal cone 24 in the longitudinal direction with an angle of inclination a between 15 relative to the axis 45 of the guide roller 3. The sleeve 10 consisting of the hard rubber layer 12 and reinforcing cylinder 44 is arranged on an external cone 25 of the core 11 with an appropriately matched angle of inclination 15. For axial securing, as shown in FIG. 5, the ring nut 17 is once again placed on the thread 16 in the end region 14 with the conical surface 18 that cooperates with the mating conical surface 19 in order to axially secure the hard rubber layer 12 that forms the sleeve 10 with conical reinforcing cylinder 44.
[0051] FIG. 6 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller 4 according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. This embodiment of the invention differs from the first three embodiments in that the core 11 now has a hollow shaft 28 on which the hard rubber layer 12 that forms a sleeve 10 with a reinforcing cylinder 44 is clamped and centered. The hollow shaft 28 is composed of a hollow cylinder 39 and two end plates 34 and 35, wherein the end plate 34 has the journal 26 and the end plate 35 has the journal 27, which project from the end regions 13 and 14 in order to be able to support the guide roller 4 in a housing, for example in a pivotable manner.
[0052] In this embodiment, the outer shell of the hollow cylinder 39 now has the conical surface 20, and the ring nut 17 has the conical surface 19, between which is clamped and centered the reinforcing cylinder 44, onto which the hard rubber layer 12 is vulcanized or adhesive bonded or clamped. Moreover, FIG. 6 shows a connection with positive engagement between the hard rubber layer 12 that forms a sleeve 10 with reinforcing cylinder 44 and the hollow cylinder 39, wherein the key 22 that engages the longitudinal groove 23 in the reinforcing cylinder 44 projects from an outer shell of the hollow cylinder 39.
[0053] FIG. 7 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller 5 according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. In this fifth embodiment, the core 11 is once again designed as a hollow shaft 28 that is supported on a fixed axle 29 with the aid of the bearings 41 and 42. The hollow cylinder 39 of the hollow shaft 28 in turn has the conical surface 20 that cooperates with a mating conical surface 21 of the hard rubber layer 12 that forms the sleeve 10 with reinforcing cylinder 44. The outer shell of the hollow cylinder 39 has, in the end region 14, the external thread 16 that engages the ring nut 17. The reinforcing cylinder 44 is clamped and centered by its mating conical surfaces 19 and 21 between the conical surface 18 of the ring nut 17 and the conical surface 20 of the end region 13 of the core 11.
[0054] FIG. 8 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section through a guide roller 6 according to a sixth embodiment of the invention. This embodiment differs from the preceding embodiments 1 through 5 in that a sleeve carrier 15 is now placed between the sleeve 10 and the core 11 in order to secure and center the sleeve 10 with the hard rubber layer 12 on the core 11.
[0055] In this sixth embodiment, the hard rubber layer 12 that forms a sleeve 10 has no reinforcing cylinder, but instead, as in FIG. 3, is clamped with its mating conical surfaces 19 and 21 between the first conical surface 18 of the ring nut 17 and the second conical surface 20, which now has the sleeve carrier 15. To this end, the sleeve carrier 15 has the conical surface 20 in the end region 13. The external thread 16 that engages the ring nut 17, which has the conical surface 18, is on an opposite end region 43 on an outer shell of the sleeve carrier 15. In this way, the hard rubber layer 12 that forms the sleeve 10 is centered and clamped on the sleeve carrier 15 by its mating conical surfaces 19 and 21.
[0056] This sleeve carrier 15 can be connected to the core 11 with positive engagement by the means that firstly, as before, a key that is not visible in the longitudinal cross-section in FIG. 8 projects from the outer shell of the core 11 and engages an inner longitudinal groove of the sleeve carrier 15 that is not visible in this section plane. On the other hand, it is also possible to use as the core a rod that has an angular, polygonal, or oval profile on at least part of the roller width L.
[0057] For this sixth embodiment as well, it is possible to employ a reinforcing cylinder in the event of inadequate strength and stiffness of the hard rubber layer 12. In addition to a connection with positive engagement between the core 11 and the sleeve carrier 15, which for its part carries the sleeve 10 made of a hard rubber layer 12, it is also possible to integrally join this sleeve carrier 15 to the core 11 or even manufacture a core 11 with an integrated sleeve carrier 15 as one piece.
[0058] FIG. 9 shows a schematic perspective outside view of a guide roller 7 with replaceable outer hard rubber layer 12 according to a seventh embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment of the invention, a compressible intermediate layer 40 that can be pressed together with compressed air through a central axle bore 30 is arranged between the hard rubber layer 12 and the core 11 so that the sleeve 10 made of a hard rubber layer 12 can be pulled off of the core 11 or can be pushed onto the core with the aid of compressed air that can be delivered through the central axle bore 30. To this end, the central axle bore 30 has a compressed air connection 36 that can be connected to a compressed air source 32 through a pneumatic valve 37, while at the same time a pressure sensor monitors the air pressure when the hard rubber layer 12 that forms a sleeve 10 is pushed on and pulled off.
[0059] FIG. 10 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of the guide roller 7 from FIG. 9, wherein the compressed air, which can be supplied through the central axle bore 30, is directed through additional radial bores 31 in the core 11 toward the compressible intermediate layer 40. In this way, this compressible intermediate layer 40 can be compressed when the compressed air is applied so that a cylindrical gap arises between the core 11 and the sleeve 10. In this way it is possible for the hard rubber layer 12 to be pulled off of the core 11 without difficulty, or else to be pushed back onto the core 11 with the aid of the compressed air after reconditioning of the outer hard rubber layer 12.
[0060] FIG. 11 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller 8 according to an eighth embodiment of the invention. This guide roller 8 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 10 by the additional provision of a reinforcing cylinder 44 onto which the hard rubber layer 12 is vulcanized, adhesive bonded, or clamped. Between the core 11 and the reinforcing cylinder 44 is now located the compressible intermediate layer 40 that assists in pulling the sleeve 10 off of the core 11 or pushing it on when compressed air is applied in the radial bores 31.
[0061] FIG. 12 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller 9 according to a ninth embodiment of the invention. In this ninth embodiment, the sleeve 10 is placed on a hollow shaft 28 with a hollow cylinder 39 and end plates 34 and 35. Located between the sleeve 10 made of a hard rubber layer 12 and the hollow shaft 28 is once again the compressible intermediate layer 40, which here eases the replacement of the sleeve 10 with the hard rubber layer 12 when compressed air is applied to the hollow shaft 28 through the central axle bore 30. The compressed air compresses the compressible intermediate layer 40 through radial openings 33 to make it possible to pull the sleeve 10 from the core 11 or push it onto the core 11 without difficulty.
[0062] FIG. 13 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a guide roller 9 according to another embodiment of the invention. This embodiment differs from the preceding embodiment of FIG. 12 only in that a reinforcing cylinder 44 is now provided that supports the stability and shape of the sleeve 10. Because of the special design of this reinforcing cylinder 44, the sleeve 10 is pushed down the hollow shaft 28 in the direction of the arrow D through the air pressure by the hollow cylinder 39 when compressed air is applied to the hollow shaft 28. In this way, the compressed air assists in pulling off the sleeve 10 with reinforcing cylinder 44 that is to be replaced.
[0063] FIG. 14 shows schematic cross-sections of a guide roller with FIGS. 14A through 14F. Between the hard rubber layer 12 and the core 11 of the guide rollers 1 to 3 and 7 and 8 from FIGS. 1 through 5 and 8 through 11, or between the hard rubber layer 12 and the sleeve carrier 15 from FIG. 6, a key and groove connection with positive engagement is possible, as shown in FIGS. 14 A through 14 E for the positive engagement of the hard rubber layer 12 that forms a sleeve 10.
[0064] In order to connect the different options of, for example, a sleeve carrier 15 to the core 11 with positive engagement, it is possible to guarantee a positive engagement through a key and groove connection between the sleeve carrier 15 and the core 11, as shown in FIG. 14A.
[0065] In FIG. 14B, the positive engagement between the sleeve carrier 15 and the core 11 is achieved through an oval profile of the core 11 with respect to the sleeve carrier 15. To this end, the core 11 need not be oval in design throughout. It is sufficient if only a narrow region, for example an end region, of the core 11 and of the sleeve carrier 15 is oval in design.
[0066] In FIG. 14C, the positive engagement is achieved through a profile of the core 11 that is triangular, in FIG. 14D through one that is quadrilateral, and in FIG. 14E through one that is hexagonal, wherein in general any polygonal cross-section of the core 11 permits a positive engagement with the sleeve carrier 15.
[0067] In FIG. 14F, the positive engagement both between sleeve 10 and sleeve carrier 15 and between sleeve carrier 15 and core 11 is achieved through keys that are designed as balls or as rollers. These keys can engage suitably adapted longitudinal grooves in order to achieve the positive engagement.
[0068] In addition to the structures for positive engagement shown by way of example in FIGS. 14A through 14F, other equivalent structures are, of course, also possible, e.g. multisplining as well.
[0069] FIG. 15 schematically shows the use of a guide roller according to the invention in a strand pelletizing apparatus. Here, the guide roller 1 designed according to the invention is pivotably supported on a carrier 46 in or on the housing (not explicitly shown) of the strand pelletizing apparatus, as is indicated by the corresponding double arrow in the figure. For easier accessibility, owing to the pivotability the guide roller 1 can also be raised upward in the drawing in its entirety from the drive roller 47, which is rotatably mounted in a fixed position in the housing and is driven by a motor (not shown). Preferably the guide roller 1 is pressed in the direction against the drive roller 47 by its own weight and the weight of the support 46 or by suitable mechanical pressing devices, e.g., by suitably positioned pneumatic pressure cylinders. Together, the guide roller 1 according to the invention and the drive roller 47 thus form a pair of feed rollers of the strand pelletizing apparatus by means of which one or more strand/strands 48 passing therebetween under the influence of the clamping force between the guide roller 1 and drive roller 47 (see arrow in the figure) is/are delivered in a manner known per se to a combination of a stationary blade 49 and a rotating blade 50 so as to be cut there into granules as shown in the figure. The directions of rotation of the guide roller 1, the drive roller 47, and the rotating blade 50 are represented in the figure by arrows.
[0070] Even though embodiments that are at least exemplary have been presented in the preceding description, various changes and modifications may be undertaken. The specified embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to restrict in any way the scope of validity, the applicability, or the configuration of the guide roller of a pair of feed rollers of a granulating device. Instead, the preceding description provides the person skilled in the art with a plan for implementing at least one exemplary embodiment of the guide roller, wherein numerous changes can be made in the function and construction of the guide roller from details of the guide roller shown in exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of protection of the appended claims and their legal equivalents.
LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS
[0071] 1 guide roller [0072] 2 guide roller [0073] 3 guide roller [0074] 4 guide roller [0075] 5 guide roller [0076] 6 guide roller [0077] 7 guide roller [0078] 8 guide roller [0079] 9 guide roller [0080] 10 sleeve [0081] 11 core [0082] 12 hard rubber layer [0083] 13 end region [0084] 14 end region [0085] 15 sleeve carrier [0086] 16 external thread [0087] 17 ring nut [0088] 18 conical surface [0089] 19 mating conical surface [0090] 20 conical surface [0091] 21 mating conical surface [0092] 22 key [0093] 23 longitudinal groove [0094] 24 internal cone [0095] 25 external cone [0096] 26 journal [0097] 27 journal [0098] 28 hollow shaft [0099] 29 fixed axle [0100] 30 central axle bore [0101] 31 radial bore [0102] 32 compressed air source [0103] 33 radial openings [0104] 34 end plate [0105] 35 end plate [0106] 36 compressed air connection [0107] 37 pneumatic valve [0108] 38 pressure sensor [0109] 39 hollow cylinder [0110] 40 intermediate layer [0111] 41 bearing [0112] 42 bearing [0113] 43 end region [0114] 44 reinforcing cylinder [0115] 45 axis [0116] 46 support [0117] 47 drive roller [0118] 48 strand/strands [0119] 49 stationary blade [0120] 50 rotating blade [0121] a angle of inclination [0122] A region [0123] B region [0124] L roller width
