FORM ELEMENT, ARRANGEMENT OF THE FORM ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR FORMING AT LEAST ONE PART OF A FORMWORK FOR A CONCRETE PART WITH THE FORM ELEMENT

Abstract

The invention relates to a form element (1), an arrangement comprising such a form element (1) and a method for forming at least part of a formwork for a concrete part using this form element (1), wherein the form element (1) is flexibly three-dimensionally deformable in its first state, and wherein the form element (1) is stiffened and solidified in its second state, in particular in a deformed position of the form element (1), wherein the form element (1) comprises at least two flexible layers (2), which are arranged superimposed in a planar manner, and wherein the layers (2) are connected to each other, in particular reversibly, in the second state to solidify the form element (1).

Claims

1. A form element (1) for forming at least part of a formwork for a concrete part, wherein, in its first state, the form element (1) is flexibly and three-dimensionally deformable, and wherein, in its second state, the form element (1) is stiffened and solidified, in particular in a deformed position of the form element (1), characterized in that the form element (1) comprises at least two flexible layers (2), which are arranged one above the other in a planar manner, and in that, in the second state, the layers (2) are connected to one another, in particular reversibly, to solidify the form element (1).

2. The form element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the second state, the layers (2) are pressed together in a planar manner and are thereby non-positively connected to one another.

3. The form element (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the first state, at least one layer (2) is arranged so as to be movable along its planar extension (7) relative to at least one other layer (2), in particular relative to an adjacent layer (2), and in that, in the second state, at least one layer (2) is connected to at least one other layer (2), in particular to an adjacent layer (2), transversely, in particular normal, to its planar extension (7) in order to solidify the form element (1).

4. The form element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each layer (2) is formed from at least one stiffening element (3), or in that each layer (2) comprises at least one stiffening element (3), and in particular in that at least one stiffening element (3) of one layer (2) overlaps at least one stiffening element (3) of another layer (2), in particular of an adjacent layer (2).

5. The form element (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that several stiffening elements (3) are arranged one above the other and form a stack (4), and in that a stack (4) is inserted into at least one other stack (4) in a comb-like manner so that the stiffening elements (3) of one stack (4) project between the stiffening elements (3) of the at least one other stack (4).

6. The form element (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that, in the first state of the form element (1), at least one stack (4) is connected to form a stiffening body (11) by means of at least one fixation device (10), such as in particular by means of at least one screw, by means of at least one inflatable bellows, by means of at least one inflatable balloon and/or by means of at least one air piston, and in that the stiffening body (11) is inserted into at least one other stack (4) and/or stiffening body (11) in a comb-like manner so that the stiffening elements (3) of one stiffening body (11) project between the stiffening elements (3) of the other stack (4) and/or the other stiffening body (11).

7. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that, in the first state, the stiffening bodies (11) can be moved relative to one another along the planar extension (7) of their stiffening elements (3), and in that, in the second state, the stiffening bodies (11) are fixed relative to one other via the stiffening elements (3), which are pressed together.

8. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the stiffening elements (3) of at least one layer (2) are arranged at a distance from one another, and in that the stiffening elements (3) of this layer are connected via at least one, in particular elastically, deformable connecting body (9).

9. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the stiffening elements (3) of one layer (2) are arranged at a distance from one another, thus keeping free at least one clearance (5) between the stiffening elements (3) of this layer (2), and in that this clearance (5) of the layer (2) is arranged offset relative to a clearance (5) of another layer (2), in particular of the adjacent layer (2), along its planar extension (7).

10. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the stiffening elements are flexibly bendable flat bodies, and/or in that the stiffening elements have an elastic modulus in the range of 0.3 MPa up to and including 30 MPa, in particular an elastic modulus in the range of 1 MPa to 3 MPa, wherein the stiffening elements are in particular pressure- and tension-resistant in the second state of the form element.

11. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that, in the first state of the form element (1), at least one stiffening element (3) of one layer (2) is arranged so as to be movable relative to at least one stiffening element (3) of another layer (2), and in that this movement extends preferably along the planar extension (7) of the respective layer (2) and/or the planar extension (7) of the respective stiffening element (3).

12. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that, in the second state of the form element (1), at least one stiffening element (3) of one layer (2) is connected to at least one stiffening element (3) of at least one other layer (2) to solidify the form element (1), and in that this connection is preferably realized transversely, in particular normal, to the planar extension (7) of the respective layer (2) and/or the planar extension (7) of the respective stiffening element (3).

13. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that, in the second state of the form element (1), at least one stiffening element (3) of one layer (2) is non-positively, in particular reversibly, connected to at least one stiffening element (3) of another layer (2).

14. The form element (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the at least one stiffening element (3) has a structure and/or a coating, in particular a rubber or polyurethane coating, for the non-positive connection.

15. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that at least one stiffening element (3) is of strip-shaped, plate-shaped, circular, cross-shaped, triangular, quadrangular, polygonal and/or star-shaped design, or in that all stiffening elements (3) are of strip-shaped, plate-shaped, circular, cross-shaped, triangular, quadrangular, polygonal and/or star-shaped design.

16. The form element (1) according to one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that a guiding device (6) is provided for guiding at least one stiffening element (3), and in that this guiding device (6) enables the relative movement of the stiffening element (3) only along one direction, the direction following the planar extension (7) of the respective layer (2).

17. The form element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one layer (2), in particular the layer (2) of the form element (1) in contact with the concrete, has a greater flexural strength than the other layers (2).

18. The form element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layers (2), in particular the stiffening elements (3), are surrounded by an airtight envelope, in particular a rubber envelope, a latex envelope or a polyurethane envelope.

19. An arrangement of at least one form element (1) on a substructure (8) for forming at least part of a formwork for a concrete part, wherein the substructure (8) is formed from a supporting structure or the substructure (8) comprises a supporting structure, wherein the at least one form element (1) is connected to the substructure (8) via at least one connecting device, and wherein at least one device, in particular at least one vacuum pump, is provided, by means of which the at least one form element (1) can be brought from its first state into its second state, characterized in that the at least one form element (1) is a form element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 18.

20. A method for forming at least part of a formwork for a concrete part with a form element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 18, comprising the following steps: bringing the form element (1) into a predefined shape, the form element (1) being in its first state during deformation, bringing the form element (1) into its second state, in particular by extracting the air from the airtight envelope with a vacuum pump, as a result of which the layers (2) of the form element (1) are connected to one another, in particular reversibly, to solidify the form element (1).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0117] FIGS. 1a and 1b show a schematic graphical representation of a first embodiment of the inventive form element in its first state,

[0118] FIG. 2 shows a schematic graphical representation of the inventive form element of FIGS. 1a and 1b in its second state,

[0119] FIG. 3 shows a schematic graphical representation of the inventive form element of FIGS. 1a and 1b in a deformed first state,

[0120] FIG. 4 shows a schematic graphical representation of stacked stiffening elements,

[0121] FIGS. 5a and 5b show a schematic graphical representation of an embodiment of the inventive form element with star-shaped stiffening elements,

[0122] FIGS. 5c and 5d show a schematic graphical representation of an embodiment of the inventive form element with cross-shaped stiffening elements,

[0123] FIGS. 5e and 5f show a schematic graphical representation of an embodiment of the inventive form element with square stiffening elements,

[0124] FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c show schematic graphical representations of different embodiments of the inventive form element, with the stiffening elements being connected via deformable connecting bodies,

[0125] FIGS. 7a and 7b show a schematic graphical representation of an embodiment of the inventive guiding device,

[0126] FIGS. 8a and 8b show a schematic graphical representation of another embodiment of the inventive form element, and

[0127] FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 show different arrangements of the inventive form element on a substructure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0128] Unless otherwise stated, the reference signs correspond to the following components:

[0129] Form element 1, layer 2, stiffening elements 3, stack 4, clearance 5, guiding devices 6, planar extension 7, substructure 8, connecting body 9, fixation device 10 and stiffening body 11.

[0130] FIGS. 1a and 1b show a schematic graphical representation of the inventive form element 1 in its first state. In FIG. 1a, the form element 1 is illustrated in a schematic three-dimensional representation. In FIG. 1b, the form element 1 is illustrated in an elevation. For clarity, the airtight envelope, which surrounds the layers 2, is not shown.

[0131] The form element 1 according to this embodiment is configured to form at least part of a formwork for a concrete part. In the first state, the form element 1 is flexibly and three-dimensionally deformable.

[0132] The form element 1 comprises four flexible layers 2 which are arranged one above the other in a planar manner.

[0133] In the first state of the form element 1, the layers 2 can be moved along their planar extension 7 relative to at least one adjacent layer 2. In other words, the stiffening elements 3 of a layer 2 can be moved along the planar extension 7 of the layer 2 relative to the stiffening elements 3 arranged below and/or above. This possibility of movement of the layers 2 or stiffening elements 3 allows a three-dimensional deformation of the form element 1.

[0134] The individual layers 2 can be connected to one another exclusively in a non-positive and reversible manner to solidify and/or stiffen the form element 1 in its second state.

[0135] According to this embodiment, each layer 2 comprises two stiffening elements 3. These stiffening elements 3 of a layer 2 overlap the stiffening elements 3 of the respective adjacent layer 2.

[0136] Further, the stiffening elements 3 of a layer 2 are configured to be connected to the stiffening elements 3 of at least one adjacent layer 2 in a reversible and non-positive manner.

[0137] According to this embodiment, the stiffening elements 3 have a structure and a polyurethane coating.

[0138] The stiffening elements 3 of each layer 2 are arranged at a distance from the stiffening elements 3 of the same layer 2, keeping free clearances 5 between the stiffening elements 3 of the layer 2.

[0139] The clearances 5 of one layer 2 are arranged offset relative to the clearances 5 of the at least one adjacent layer 2 along their planar extension 7.

[0140] For clarity, the first layer 2, which contacts the concrete, is not shown. This layer 2 is made of at least one stiffening element 3 which is able to absorb occurring forces, such as concrete pressure.

[0141] In FIG. 2, the inventive form element 1 according to FIGS. 1a and 1b is shown in its second state. The features of the embodiment according to FIG. 2 may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a and/or 1b.

[0142] In the second state of the form element 1, the layers 2 are connected to at least one other layer 2, in particular to an adjacent layer 2, normal to their planar extension 7. In other words, the layers 2 of the form element 1 are pressed together in a planar manner in the second state of the form element 1.

[0143] FIG. 3 shows an inventive deformed form element 1 in its first state, which comprises eight layers 2. The features of the embodiment according to FIG. 3 may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b and/or 2.

[0144] When the form element 1 in this deformed state is brought into its second state, a stiffened and/or solidified form element 1 with the deformation shown in FIG. 3 is obtained.

[0145] FIG. 4 shows an arrangement of stiffening elements 3, which are arranged substantially one above the other and form a stack 4. The features of the embodiment according to FIG. 4 may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2 and/or 3.

[0146] The first stack 4 is inserted into the second stack 4 in a comb-like manner so that the stiffening elements 3 of the first stack 4 project between the stiffening elements 3 of the second stack 4.

[0147] FIGS. 5a and 5b show star-shaped stiffening elements 3 and an inventive form element 1 formed therefrom. The features of the embodiment according to FIGS. 5a and 5b may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3 and/or 4.

[0148] FIGS. 5c and 5d show cross-shaped stiffening elements 3 and an inventive form element 1 formed therefrom. The features of the embodiment according to FIGS. 5c and 5d may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a and/or 5b.

[0149] FIGS. 5e and 5f show square stiffening elements 3 and an inventive form element 1 formed therefrom. The stacked stiffening elements 3 are connected to one another via fixation devices 10 to form stiffening bodies 11. The stiffening bodies 11 are inserted into at least one other stiffening body 11 in a comb-like manner so that the stiffening elements 3 of one stiffening body 11 project between the stiffening elements 3 of the other stiffening body 11.

[0150] The features of the embodiment according to FIGS. 5e and 5f may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 5c and/or 5d.

[0151] FIG. 6a shows a schematic graphical three-dimensional representation of an embodiment of the inventive form element and a section through this representation. According to this embodiment, the square stiffening elements 3 are connected via, in particular elastically, deformable connecting bodies 9.

[0152] FIG. 6b shows a schematic graphical three-dimensional representation of an embodiment of the inventive form element and a section through this representation. According to this embodiment, the circular stiffening elements 3 are connected via, in particular elastically, deformable connecting bodies 9.

[0153] FIG. 6c shows a schematic graphical three-dimensional representation of an embodiment of the inventive form element and a section through this representation. According to this embodiment, the triangular stiffening elements 3 are connected via, in particular elastically, deformable connecting bodies 9.

[0154] The features of the embodiment according to FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e and/or 5f.

[0155] The deformable connecting bodies 9 connect the stiffening elements 3 of the respective layer 2 to one another so that, among other things, easy alignment of the stiffening elements 3 to one another is made possible during assembly.

[0156] Further, the stiffening elements 3 of one layer 2 can be moved relative to one another. In particular, a movement of the stiffening elements 3 of a layer 2, which are connected to one another, is possible preferably along the planar extension 7 of the respective layer 2 and/or the planar extension 7 of the respective stiffening element 3.

[0157] In all embodiments, it may be provided that an overlap of the stiffening elements 3 of the various layers 2 is required for the non-positive connection of the individual layers 2.

[0158] FIGS. 7a and 7b show a first embodiment of a guiding device 6 according to the invention. The features of the embodiment according to FIGS. 7a and 7b may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 6a, 6b and/or 6c.

[0159] In FIG. 7a, the guiding device 6 is shown without stiffening elements 3 and in FIG. 7b, the guiding device 6 is shown with stiffening elements 3 arranged therein.

[0160] The guiding device 6 allows the relative movement of the stiffening elements 3 arranged therein to be limited. In particular, the guiding device 6 enables a relative movement only along one direction, this direction following the planar extension 7 of the respective layer 2.

[0161] FIGS. 8a and 8b show schematic graphical representations of another embodiment of an inventive form element in a deformed position, wherein the stiffening elements 3 are shown with an envelope in FIG. 8a and without an envelope in FIG. 8b.

[0162] The stiffening elements 3 of the layers 2 of this embodiment are stacked one on top of the other. The stacks 4 are inserted into at least one other stack 4 in a comb-like manner so that the stiffening elements 3 of one stack 4 project between the stiffening elements 3 of the at least one other stack 4.

[0163] The layer 2 of the form element 1 contacting the concrete has a greater flexural strength than the other layers 2. This layer 2 is configured in such a way that the concrete follows the defined shape of the form element 1 in the second state without the form element 1, in particular the layer 2 in contact with the concrete, giving way.

[0164] Thus, the form element 1 allows to produce precisely defined three-dimensional concrete components.

[0165] The features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 9, 10 and/or 11 may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a and/or 7b.

[0166] FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 show different arrangements of an inventive form element 1 on a substructure 8 for forming at least part of a formwork for a concrete part. The features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 9, 10 and/or 11 may preferably correspond to the features of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b, 8a and/or 8b.

[0167] According to FIG. 9, the substructure 8 is adjusted to a defined shape and/or deformed into a defined shape. Subsequently, the form element 1 is attached to the substructure 8 in its first state via at least one connecting device, as a result of which the form element 1 can be formed into the desired shape.

[0168] Once the form element 1 has reached its desired shape, the form element 1 can be brought from its first state into its second state, whereby the form element 1 is stiffened and solidified.

[0169] According to FIG. 10, the form element 1 can be connected to an undeformed substructure 8 in its first state. Subsequently, the substructure 8 and the form element 1 connected to it can be deformed.

[0170] Once the form element 1 has reached its desired shape, the form element 1 can be brought from its first state into its second state, whereby the form element 1 is stiffened and solidified.

[0171] According to FIG. 11, the form element 1 can be deformed in its first state, can then be brought into its second state and can subsequently be connected to a substructure 8.

[0172] This configuration may be provided in all embodiments.

[0173] This exemplary configuration allows the effects according to the invention to be obtained.

[0174] The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but rather comprises any form element 1, arrangement and method according to the following patent claims