METHOD, DEVICE, AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR ANALYSING A MECHANICAL OBJECT

Abstract

The disclosure is directed to a method comprising the steps: carrying out multiple measurements on a mechanical object, the measurements each differing by one or more parameters influencing the measurement; determining a spectrogram on the basis of the measurement data of the measurements and depending on a predefined parameter of the mechanical object; determining one or more excitations of the mechanical object; reproducing the excitations in the spectrogram.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing a movement behavior of a mechanical object, comprising the steps: carrying out multiple measurements on a mechanical object, the measurements each differing by one or more parameters influencing the measurement; determining a spectrogram on the basis of the measurement data of the measurements and depending on a predefined parameter of the mechanical object for selection of a measurement datum of a measurement; determining one or more excitations of the mechanical object; reproducing the excitations in the spectrogram.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the spectrogram is determined on the basis of a time or of a time-dependent value of a rotational speed of the object or a rotational speed of a part of the object.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step: reproduction of a prediction, in particular an analytical prediction, of a frequency or of a frequency domain of the mechanical object in the spectrogram.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step: interpolating the measurement data on the basis of common reference points of a common grid in the spectrogram.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps: comparing the measurement data of the individual measurements at one or more reference points; and selecting a measurement result or fusing of measurement data on the basis of the compared measurement data and on the basis of a predefined parameter.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step: displaying points and/or regions of the spectrogram on the basis of a predefined criterion.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step: filtering one set of measurement data or a plurality of measurement data of one measurement or a plurality of measurements prior to determining the spectrogram.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps: in particular, manual selection of a point and/or region of the spectrogram; and displaying measurement data on the basis of the point and/or region.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps: selecting a region of the spectrogram; and carrying out a statistical analysis on the basis of measurement data in this region.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the spectrogram is determined on the basis of an integral transform: Fourier transform; sine transform; cosine transform; wavelet transform; chirplet transform.

11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step: displaying the spectrogram in a graphical user interface, in particular together with one of the following features: one or a plurality of the predicted frequencies or frequency domains; one or more common reference points and/or of interpolated points; points or regions that were determined on the basis of a predefined criterion; filtered points or regions of the measurement data; a result of a statistical analysis; an integral transform used.

12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps: selecting one or more values in the frequency domain and/or in the time-dependent domain of the spectrogram; displaying a plot of the time-dependent domain at the selected value or values of the frequency domain and/or displaying a plot of the frequency domain at the selected value or values of the time-dependent domain.

13. A device for analyzing a movement behavior of a mechanical object, wherein the device is set up for implementing the following steps: carrying out multiple measurements on the mechanical object, the measurements each differing by one or more parameters influencing the measurement; determining a spectrogram on the basis of the measurement data of the measurements and depending on a predefined parameter of the mechanical object; determining one or more excitations of the mechanical object; reproducing the excitations in the spectrogram.

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the mechanical object comprises a blade disk.

15. A graphical user interface, which is set up for the display and/or configuration of an analysis of a movement behavior of a mechanical object according to claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0074] Further advantages and features ensue from the following embodiments, which relate to the figures. The figures do not always show the embodiments in their true dimension. In particular, the dimensions of the various features may be correspondingly increased or reduced in size for clarity of the description. Shown for this purpose, partially in a schematic manner, are:

[0075] FIG. 1: a spectrogram for illustration of an analysis in accordance with a disclosed embodiment,

[0076] FIG. 2: another spectrogram for illustration of an analysis in accordance with a disclosed embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0077] In the following descriptions, identical reference signs refer to identical or at least functionally equivalent features.

[0078] In the following description, reference is made to the attached drawings, which constitute a part of the disclosure and in which specific aspects whereby the present invention can be understood are shown for illustration. It is obvious that other aspects and/or features can be used and that functional, structural, or logical changes are possible, without leaving the scope of the present disclosure. The following detailed description is therefore not to be understood as limiting, because the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0079] In general, a disclosure about a described method also applies to a corresponding device in order to carry out the method or to a corresponding system that comprises one or more devices and vice versa. When, for example, a special method step is described, a corresponding device can comprise a feature in order to carry out the described method step, even when this feature is not explicitly described or depicted in the figure. When, on the other hand, for example, a special device is described on the basis of functional units, a corresponding method can comprise a step that the described functionality executes, even when such steps are not explicitly described or depicted in the figures. Likewise, a system can be furnished with corresponding apparatus features or with features in order to execute a specific method step. It is obvious that features of the various exemplary aspects described previously or below and embodiments can be combined with one another, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0080] FIG. 1 shows a spectrogram for illustrating an analysis in accordance with a disclosed embodiment. The spectrogram 100 relates to a reproduction of the frequencies that are adjusted at a blade of a rotating blade disk in a turbine. Frequencies at the blade of 0 to approximately 10 kHz were thus measured. The frequencies are plotted in the spectrogram versus the rotations of the blade disk on which the blade is situated. The rotations can vary from 0 to approximately 7000 rotations/min. In the spectrogram 100, the fused measurement data 105, 106 are already represented. Reproduced here are regions 105 in which various natural frequencies or vibrational modes of the blades of the blade disk are found. Further represented are also the excitations that were detected by measurement techniques. These excitations can ensue, for example, from the aerodynamic influences that a blade exerts on the blade disk in each instance. The fused spectrogram 100 ensues from three measurements 107 that were carried out and are represented by the partial spectrograms 101, 102, and 103. The points 104 that are reproduced in the partial spectrograms represent the detected measurement signals after a short-time Fourier transform.

[0081] FIG. 2 relates to an expanded spectrogram 200 for illustration of an analysis in accordance with a disclosed embodiment. The spectrogram 201 relates to measurement data that were fused from various individual measurements (not depicted) and were reproduced as frequency representations over the rotations per minute adjusted in each instance. In addition to the spectrogram depicted in FIG. 1, the spectrogram 201 contains augmented information in regard to the natural frequencies and in regard to the excitations. Superimposed on the regions 105, in which various natural frequencies of the system are made clear by the measurement data, are analytically determined natural frequencies 203. In addition, analytically determined excitations 202 are superimposed on the excitations that were detected at least in part by measurement techniques, so that a quick comparison between the information determined by measurement techniques and fused information and the analytically calculated information in regard to the natural frequencies is possible. In addition, a region 205 was selected in which an especially critical natural frequency is presumed to exist. A further analysis can be achieved with the projections of the plot of the frequency as well as the plot of the amplitude. The diagram 207, which adjoins the spectrogram 201 in the lower region, discloses a plot of rotation. The rotation was assumed at a fixed frequency of 6000 Hz and shows a relative vibrational amplitude in relation to a previously analytically determined maximum vibrational value. The relative vibrational amplitude is plotted over the various rotations that the blade disk can assume. It is shown in this case that, in the region at just 6000 rotations per minute, an especially large vibrational amplitude emerges. Of necessity, this region must be damped using further measures if it should be reached or traveled through during operation of the turbine in order that, on account of the large vibrational amplitudes set there, an accelerated material fatigue of the blade disk does not ensue. A similar diagram is depicted bordering on the right side of the spectrogram by the diagram 206. Depicted there is a plot of frequency that was recorded at a rotational speed of 5000 rotations per minute. It shows various local maxima that are adjusted at the natural frequencies of the blades or of the blade disk. In addition to the measurement data or the analytical predictions of the natural frequencies reproduced in the spectrogram 201, it is possible in the projected diagram 206 to reproduce exactly the vibrational amplitudes that were measured previously also in regard to their absolute or relative value. This, too, leads to a rapid and flexible reproduction of the vibration behavior of the blades of the blade disk.